Chapter 8
Mean = 34.767
Variance = 1.828
Standard Dev = 1.352
Skewness = 0.420
Kurtosis = 2.765
Minimum = 32.100
Maximum = 37.900
n = 64
Mean = 89.476
Variance = 17.287
Standard Dev = 4.158
Skewness = 0.251
Kurtosis = 1.988
Minimum = 82.600
Maximum = 98.000
n = 90
84.
Number of Defects Frequency Relative Freq
1 1 0.0067
2 14 0.0933
3 11 0.0733
4 21 0.1400
5 10 0.0667
6 18 0.1200
7 15 0.1000
8 14 0.0933
9 9 0.0600
10 15 0.1000
11 4 0.0267
12 4 0.0267
13 6 0.0400
14 5 0.0333
15 1 0.0067
16 1 0.0067
17 1 0.0067
150 1.0000
x = 6.9334, s2 = 12.5056, R = 16, x = 6.5, MO = 4. The data appear to follow a
Poisson distribution, though s2 seems to be somewhat greater than x.
86.
Class Interval Frequency Relative Freq
32 X < 33 6 0.094
33 X < 34 11 0.172
34 X < 35 22 0.344
35 X < 36 14 0.219
36 X < 37 6 0.094
37 X < 38 5 0.077
64 1.000
x = 34.7672, s2 = 1.828, x = (34.6 + 34.7)/2 = 34.65. The data appear to follow a
normal distribution.
4
87.
Class Interval Frequency Relative Freq
82 X < 84 6 0.067
84 X < 86 14 0.156
86 X < 88 18 0.200
88 X < 90 11 0.122
90 X < 92 14 0.156
92 X < 94 8 0.088
94 X < 96 12 0.133
96 X < 98 6 0.067
98 X < 100 1 0.011
x = 89.4755, s2 = 17.2870. The data appear to follow a either a gamma or a
Weibull distribution.
n = 19
810.(a,b)
83 4
84 3
85 3
86 7 7
87 7 5 8 6 9 4
88 5 6 3 2 3 5 3 6 7 49
89 8 2 0 9 8 6 3 8 3 7
90 8 3 1 9 4 1 4 6 4 3507
91 5 1 0 0 8 2 8 6 1 1620
92 7 3 7 6 7 2 2 2
93 3 2 4 3 0 7
94 7 2 2 4
95 6
96 1
97
98 8
99
100 3
(c) x = 90.6425, s2 = 7.837, s = 2.799
(d) x = median = 90.45. There are several modes, e.g., 91.0, 919.1, 92.7.
6
812. (a)
Frequency
32 5 6 9 8 1 7 6
33 1 6 6 8 4 681656 11
34 2 5 3 7 7 27697160167656173 22
35 6 1 0 4 1 320149857 14
36 2 8 8 4 6 8 6
37 9 8 1 6 3 5
(b) x = 34.7672, s2 = 1.828
(c)
Frequency
32 1 5 6 7 8 9 6
33 1 1 4 5 6 666688 11
34 0 1 1 1 2 23355666667777779 22
35 0 0 1 1 1 234456789 14
36 2 4 6 8 8 8 6
37 1 3 6 8 9 5
(d) x = 34.65
813. (a)
Frequency
82 6 9 2
83 0 1 6 7 4
84 0 1 1 1 2 569 8
85 0 1 1 1 4 4 6
86 1 1 1 4 4 44677 10
87 3 3 3 3 5 667 8
88 2 2 3 6 8 5
89 1 1 4 6 6 7 6
90 0 0 1 1 3 45666 10
91 1 2 4 7 4
92 1 4 4 3
93 1 1 2 27 5
94 1 1 1 33467 8
95 1 2 3 6 4
96 1 3 4 8 4
97 3 8 2
98 0 1
7
818. The descriptive measures developed in this chapter are for numerical data only.
The mode, however, does have some meaning. For these data, the mode is the
letter e.
819. (a)
n
X n
X n
X n
X
(Xi X) = Xi
X =
Xi nX
i=1 i=1 i=1 i=1
n
X n
X
= Xi Xi = 0
i=1 i=1
(b)
n
X n
X
2
(Xi X) = 2 2Xi X)
(Xi2 + X
i=1 i=1
n
X n
X
= 2 2X
Xi2 + nX Xi
i=1 i=1
n
X
= 2 2nX
Xi2 + nX 2
i=1
Xn
= 2
Xi2 nX
i=1
824. y = a + b
x, sy = bsx
825. a = x
827. There is no guarantee that LN is an integer. For example, if we want a 10% trimmed
mean with 23 observations, then we would have to trim 2.3 observations from each
end. Since we cannot do this, some other procedure must be used. A reasonable
alternative is to calculate the trimmed mean with two observations trimmed from
each end, then to repeat this procedure with three observations trimmed from each
end, and finally to interpolate between the two different values of the trimmed
mean.