1 b and d 6 2.013 m
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
y=x5
9
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 x
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Graphical solution of equations 3
5 a y = x2 + 6x + 8 y 6 ai y y = x2 10x + 21
7 8
6 6
5 4
4 2
3
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
2 2
1 4
6
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 x
1 ii (3, 0) and (7, 0)
2
b i y
14
b
y 12
y = x2 16
25 10
y = 12 + 4x x2
20 8
15 6
10 4
5 2
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
5 2
10 4
15 6
20 ii (2, 0) and (6, 0)
c i y
c
y
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
10 2
5 4
6
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
5 8
y = x2 + 10x 25
10 10
15
ii (5, 0)
20
y=9 x2
25
d y
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 x
2
4
y = (x 3)(x 5)
6
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
4 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
d i y 4 a 1+3+5+7+9
10 b 3 + 2 + 1 + 0 + 1
8 c 5 + 4.5 + 4 + 3.5 + 3 + 2.5 + 2
6
d 3 + 0 + 3 + 6
5 6
4
5 a 4n 2 b 2n + 7
2 1 1
y = 2x2 12x + 20 6 4
1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x c 32 n 2 d 0.1n 4
1 1
2
4 6 a 3825 b 175
c 286 d 406
ii No real roots
7 a 2 b 18
e i c 20 d 20
y
1.5 8 a 25 b 4
c 1260
1
9 a 0.3x b 7
0.5 c 205
10 25
0.5 0.25 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 x
0.5 1.8 Geometric sequences and
series
1
y = 8x2 2x 1 1 Successive terms of an arithmetic sequence
1.5 have a common difference, whilst successive
terms of a geometric sequence have a common
( )
ii 41, 0 and 21, 0 ( ) ratio.
2 a i u2 = 2, u3 = 10, u4 = 42
1.7 Arithmetic sequences and ii Not geometric
series b i u2 = 3, u3 = 9, u4 = 27
1 a i u2 = 9, u3 = 3, u4 = 3 ii Geometric
ii Arithmetic c i u2 = 15, u3 = 37.5, u4 = 93.75
b i u2 = 3, u3 = 15, u4 = 3 ii Geometric
ii Not arithmetic d i u2 = 1, u3 = 4, u4 = 1
c i u2 = 3.5, u3 = 12.5, u4 = 39.5 ii Not geometric
ii Not arithmetic 3 a i 3 ii 405, 1215
d i u2 = 2.5, u3 = 0, u4 = 2.5 iii un = 5(3)n 1
ii Arithmetic 1
b i 6
ii 1, 61
2 a i 5n 1 ii 99 n1
b i 8n + 11 ii 149
iii un = 1296 (16)
2
c i 2.5n 7 ii 43 c i 3
ii 791, 4 20
27
d i 0.25n + 3.75 ii 1.25 n1
3 a i 6 ii 6n 31
iii un = 36 (32)
b i 3.5 ii 3.5n + 10.5 d i 25 ii 15641, 39058
c i 7 ii 7n 40 n1
d i 4.2 ii 4.2n + 48.4 ( )
iii un = 4 52
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Cumulative frequency 5
Frequency
d 182
243 15
2 125 10
8 a 5
b 2
c 103.996
5
5 5 5115
9 a 10 b ,
4 2
c 4 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
10 9
Litres of milk
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
6 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
b
20
Cumulative frequency
15
10
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage
c Median 53%
2 a Cumulative
Time (min) Frequency
frequency
0 t < 15 1 1
15 t < 30 3 4
30 t < 45 12 16
45 t < 60 22 38
60 t < 75 12 50
b 50
45
40
Cumulative frequency
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Time (min)
c Median 52 minutes
d Lower quartile 42 minutes
Upper quartile 59 minutes
Middle 50% take between 42 and 59 minutes.
e
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Cumulative frequency 7
3 a
160
140
Cumulative frequency
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
40
60
80
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
Score
b Median 138
c Top 25% represents the upper quartile.
Upper quartile 187
Any score 187 will be in the top 25%.
4 a
40
Supermarket
35
Cumulative frequency
Market
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
40
60
80
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
Mass (g)
b
Minimum value Lower quartile Median Upper quartile Maximum value
c
Market
Supermarket
0
0
0
10
20
30
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
8 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
5 a Mean A = 11.0 s F F F T T T
Mean B = 10.5 s
2 p q states that both occur; p
q states that
b Standard deviation A = 0.12s
both cannot occur at the same time, therefore
Standard deviation B = 0.59s
there is a contradiction.
c Sprinter B is faster as he has the lower mean.
d Sprinter A is more consistent as his standard 3
deviation is lower than that of B.
p q p pq pq p
_q
6 Class B is likely to have students of similar
T T F T T F
ability as the standard deviation is lower than
that for Class A. This means that the results are T F F F T T
less spread out.
F T T F T T
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Sample space 9
b (P Q) (Q P)
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
10 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
1 a i 10
= 12
5
ii 16
=3
2 7 a U
24 24
A 8 B
10 13 2
b i 23
ii 23 6 3
4 14 18 9
12
16 24 21
2 a 22 26
Six-sided dice
30 27
28 20
1 2 3 4 5 6 10 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Four-sided dice
5 25
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 14 5
b i 22
ii 22
iii 22
3 1 4 1
8 a U
b 24
=8 c 24
=6 B C
d 6
15 9 5
3 ab 1
B
3
1
2 1
B G
1 1 29 1
1 6 b i 5
ii 30
iii 2
3 P
B
1 3.7b Venn diagrams
3
1 1
2 2 1 U
G G A B
1 3
1 12
6 4
P 17
9 5 14
1
B 6 13 7 2
6 16
1 11
3 15 19
1 8 18
P 2 10
G 20
1
6
P 2 a P = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18}
b R = {6, 12, 18}
1 5 c P Q = {6, 12, 18}
c 9
d 9 d P Q = {2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16,
1 8 18, 20}
4 a 12
b 27 e P Q = {2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16, 20}
1 1727
c 1 1728
= 1728 3 a L N = {7, 9, 16, 18}
b N M = {2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16,
18, 20}
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Scatter diagrams, bivariate data and linear correlation and The regression line for y on x 11
4 a i True ii False iii True 2 a Mean, median and mode the same as the
b i 8 ii 6 iii 3 distribution peaks coincide.
iv 7 v 1 vi 1 b Standard deviations are different. Standard
deviation for Q is greater as the distribution
5 U is more spread out.
A B
5 3 a More likely to belong to Y as 50% of species
3 4 9 Y are greater than 150 cm in length.
1 b 0.0062
8 7 2
6
4 a 4.78% b 4 bags
b 57.74 C 62.26
C
5 a 78.7
6 6 a
U
M S
35 25 15
26
25
30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
7 U 74
E S
15 b 262
0 0
6 0.95
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
12 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
3 ad
3000
2900
2800
2700
Milk yield (litres)
2600
2500
(15, 2496)
2400
2300
2200
2100
2000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
Special feed (%)
e Approximately 2496 litres
f y 29x + 2060
g Approximately 4960 litres
h Unlikely as it assumes that the relationship continues to be linear. The graph appears to tail off
after 24% of special feed.
4 a r = 0.945
b r is close to +1, indicating a strong positive correlation between number of people in the store and
money taken at the tills.
5 a y = 0.2x + 991
b Rate of fuel consumption (number of litres used per kilometre travelled)
c 391 km
d 4955 km
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Straight lines 13
2 a 3
b
Romance Horror Action Comedy Total
Total 28 29 25 48 130
3 a 13 b 10
4 a (7, 6.5) b (1, 11)
5 a y = 3x 1 b y = 21 x + 1
6 a gradient = 1 y-intercept = 2
b gradient = 3 y-intercept = 1
c gradient = 2 y-intercept = 3
d gradient = 53 y-intercept = 4
7 a i y = 4x 1 ii 4x y 1 = 0
b i y = 2x + 3 ii 2x + y 3 = 0
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
14 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
8 a y 2 a 24.8 b 57.0
2
3 a 5.2 cm b 8.8 cm
1
4 a x = 43.0 a = 8.8 cm
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
1 b a = 9.1 cm x = 28.9
2 5 a 30.2 km b 124.2
3 6 a 6.7 b 120.8 m
4
7 52.3 km
5
6
5.3 Trigonometry and non-right-
angled triangles
b y
2 1 a x = 40.5, 139.5 b x = 14.5, 165.5
c x = 90 d x = 0, 180
1.5
2 a = 60, 300 b = 113.6, 246.4
1
c = 180
0.5
3 8.4 cm
2 1.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 x 4 44.0
0.5
5 a 7.7 cm b 46.5
1
6 75.6 cm2
1.5
7 5.8
2
8 a Students construction
9 a x=1y=3 b x=2y=1 b 41.8
10 a 3t + c = 4.40, 2t + 3c = 4.80
b i t = $1.20 ii c = $0.80 5.4 and 5.5 Geometry of three-
dimensional shapes
5.2 Right-angled trigonometry
1 a 14.1 cm b 17.3 cm c 35.3
1
x 2 a 5.7 cm b 13.9 cm c 4 cm
d 73.9
hypotenuse
adjacent 3 a 174 cm2 b 339.3 cm2
4 a 6.2 cm b 242.2 cm2 c 171.7 cm3
d 27.3
opposite 5 a 63.5 cm b 444.7 cm2
6 4.3 cm
7 a 75.4 cm b 41.0 cm
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Quadratic functions and their graphs 15
ii x = 4 and 5 iii y = 20
b i y
10
5
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
5
10
15
20
ii x = 3 and 6 iii y = 18
c i y
25
20
15
10
5
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
5
10
ii x = 4 iii y = 16
d i y
50
40
30
20
10
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x
10
ii No x-intercept iii y = 27
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
16 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
2 a x=1 b x = 2 c i
y
c x = 2.5 d x = 1.5 8
3 a Students equation 6
b Students equation 4
4 a f(x) = (x + 5)(x + 6) 2
b f(x) = (x 2)(x + 6)
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x
c f(x) = (x + 3)(x 5) 2
d f(x) = (x 6)(x + 6) 4
5 a (x + 1)(x 4) = 0 x = 1 and 4 6
b (x + 4)(x 6) = 0 x = 4 and 6 8
c (x + 2)(x 8) = 0 x = 2 and 8
d (x 4)(x 7) = 0 x = 4 and 7 ii y = 3
6 a x = 3.1 and 8.1 (1 d.p.) 2 a 6 cm b 86 cm c 5h
b x = 2.2 and 11.2 (1 d.p.) d y
c x = 0.5 and 1.5 900
d x = 6.8 and 2.2 (1 d.p.)
800
7 a i x(x + 6) = 16 ii x = 2 700
b i 2x(x + 2) = 48 ii x = 4 600
500
6.4 Exponential functions and
their graphs 400
300
1 a i y
12 200
10 100
8 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
6
e t 4.1 h
4
2
3 a y
130
3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x 120
2
110
100
ii y = 1
90
b i y 80
6 70
4 60
2 50
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x 40
2 30
4 20
6 10
8
1 0 1 2 3 x
ii y = 2 b i x 2.9 ii x 2.4
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Sketching and drawing graphs 17
4 y c y
10 5
8 4
6 3
f (x) = 2x + 3 4 2
2 1
f (x) = 2x
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 x 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
2 1
4 2
6
x
8 f (x) = 2 + 6 3 a x = 2 and 3, and y = 0
10 b (0, ) 1
6
5 120 000 years c y
5
4
6.5, 6.6 and 6.7 Sketching and 3
drawing graphs 2
1 a x = 5 and y = 0 1
b (0, )1
5
4 3 2 1 0
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
c 2
y
5 3
4 4
3 5
2 3
4 a x = and 2, and y = 0
2
1
3 2 1 0
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
b (0, )
1
6
c y
2
5
3
4
4
3
5
2
1 1
2 a x = and y = 2
3
5 4 3 2 1 0
b (0, 3) and ( , 0)
1
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x
2
3
4
5
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
18 ANSWERS TO REVISION EXERCISES
5 a y dy
7 a = 3x2 + 4
20 dx
15 dy
b 4 as a value less than 4 would give x as
10 dx
5 the square root of a negative number.
c i 1 ii 0 iii 3
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 x
5
8 a f(x) = 3x2 13
10 b 14
15 c 14
20 d y = 14x 42
1
25
e 14
f x +14y 3 = 0
b ( , 0) , (2, 0), (5, 0) and (0, 10)
1
2 9 a f(x) = 2x 2
c y = (2x 1)(x + 2)(x + 5) b Verify that both (2, 8) and (1, 5) satisfy the
1 equation y = x 2 2x + 8.
6 x = 1, 4 and
2
c Gradient at A = 2
7.2 and 7.3 Differentiation and Gradient at B = 4
d y = 2x + 12
The gradient of a curve at a
e y = 14x + 19
given point 4
f By solving simultaneously, the point of
1 a f(x) = 2x + 3
b f(x) = x 5 (
intersection is at 29 )
, 26 .
7 7
c f(x) = 6x2 8x 7.4, 7.5 and 7.6 Increasing and
d f(x) = 2x5 2x3
decreasing functions, Stationary
2 a x2 points and Optimization
b 6x4
c 2x3 2x2 1 x < 3
d 6x3 2 a i f(x) = 2x
3 a 2x 3 ii x>0
b 6x2 + 8x b i f(x) = 2x 10
c 2x + 1
ii x>5
d 3x2 + 2x 12
c i f(x) = 2x + 8
ii x<4
4 a 4x 1 d i f(x) = 3x2 4x 8
b 2x2 13 ii x < 43, x > 2
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
10
20
(2, 21)
30
Mathematical Studies for the IB Diploma Second Edition Hodder & Stoughton Ltd