1E5 - APL4 - Glass - Structures VU PDF

ADVANCED DESIGN OF GLASS
STRUCTURES
Application 4
Design of insulated glass units
Viorel Ungureanu
European Erasmus Mundus Master Course

Sustainable Constructions
under Natural Hazards and Catastrophic Events
520121-1-2011-1-CZ-ERA MUNDUS-EMMC
Objectives
Objectives
Aspect ratio Check of the insulating glass unit according to the prEN 13474
Coefficients and
factors Ultimate limit state
Allowable stresses
Serviceability limit state
Internal loads
Ultimate limit state
Serviceability limit
state
Application
Vertical insulating glass unit 4mm toughened float glass / 12mm cavity /
6mm float glass, c1 1300mm wide x c2 900mm high, supported on all
four edges, subjected to a wind load of c3 1.5kN/m2, glazed at an
altitude of less than 400m.
2
Worked example
Objectives
Worked example
Aspect ratio
Vertical insulating glass unit 4mm toughened float glass / 12mm cavity / 6mm
Coefficients and float glass, 1300mm wide x 900mm high, supported on all four edges, subjected
factors
to a wind load of 1.5kN/m2, glazed at an altitude of less than 400m.
Allowable stresses
1 2
Internal loads
aspect ration
a
a = 900mm
state b
a shall be taken as the
shorter dimensions
b = 1300mm
h1 = 4 mm toughened glass
s = 12 mm
h2 = 6 mm float glass
3
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio four edge supported glass pane (prEN 13474)

Coefficients and small deflection p* = 0
factors
linear interpolation between two values
Allowable stresses
from table B.2 coefficient k2 for calculation of the effective stress
Internal loads
p*
0 5 10 20 30 50 100 200 300 500
state 1,0 0,251 0,250 0,246 0,235 0,221 0,193 0,164 0,146 0,137 0,126
0,9 0,288 0,285 0,279 0,259 0,237 0,201 0,174 0,156 0,147 0,135
0,8 0,338 0,334 0,323 0,292 0,261 0,216 0,186 0,168 0,159 0,147
0,7 0,398 0,392 0,375 0,330 0,291 0,237 0,202 0,183 0,173 0,161
0,6 0,463 0,454 0,432 0,377 0,330 0,267 0,220 0,201 0,191 0,179
0,5 0,527 0,518 0,495 0,436 0,383 0,312 0,241 0,222 0,212 0,199
0,4 0,588 0,581 0,564 0,512 0,461 0,383 0,281 0,247 0,236 0,223
0,3 0,639 0,637 0,629 0,602 0,568 0,500 0,384 0,278 0,265 0,251
0,2 0,678 0,677 0,676 0,672 0,665 0,644 0,577 0,463 0,390 0,308
0,1 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,698 0,697 0,692 0,683 0,660
0,0 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,699 0,698 0,698 0,698 0,698 0,698
Table B2: Coefficient k2 for calculation of the effective stress
4
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio
from table B.3 coefficient k4 for calculation of maximum deflection
Coefficients and
factors
Allowable stresses p*
0 5 10 20 30 50 100 200 300 500
Internal loads
1,0 0,046 0,046 0,045 0,041 0,038 0,032 0,024 0,017 0,014 0,011
0,9 0,056 0,056 0,054 0,049 0,044 0,036 0,027 0,019 0,015 0,012
0,8 0,068 0,067 0,065 0,057 0,051 0,041 0,030 0,021 0,018 0,014
state
0,7 0,083 0,081 0,077 0,068 0,059 0,048 0,035 0,025 0,020 0,016
0,6 0,099 0,097 0,092 0,081 0,071 0,057 0,041 0,029 0,024 0,019
0,5 0,115 0,113 0,109 0,097 0,086 0,070 0,051 0,036 0,030 0,023
0,4 0,131 0,129 0,126 0,116 0,105 0,088 0,065 0,046 0,038 0,030
0,3 0,147 0,142 0,140 0,135 0,128 0,114 0,088 0,064 0,053 0,041
0,2 0,147 0,147 0,147 0,146 0,145 0,140 0,126 0,101 0,085 0,067
0,1 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,147 0,146 0,143 0,136
0,0 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148 0,148
5
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio from table B.4 coefficient k5 for calculation of the volume change
Coefficients and
factors
p*
Allowable stresses
0 5 10 20 30 50 100 200 300 500
Internal loads 1,0 0,019 0,019 0,019 0,018 0,017 0,015 0,011 0,008 0,007 0,005
Ultimate limit state 0,9 0,024 0,024 0,023 0,022 0,020 0,017 0,013 0,009 0,007 0,006
Serviceability limit 0,8 0,029 0,029 0,028 0,026 0,023 0,020 0,015 0,010 0,008 0,007
state 0,7 0,035 0,035 0,034 0,031 0,028 0,023 0,017 0,012 0,010 0,008
0,6 0,042 0,042 0,040 0,037 0,033 0,027 0,020 0,014 0,012 0,009
0,5 0,050 0,050 0,048 0,044 0,040 0,033 0,025 0,018 0,014 0,011
0,4 0,059 0,058 0,057 0,053 0,049 0,042 0,031 0,022 0,018 0,014
0,3 0,068 0,067 0,066 0,064 0,061 0,054 0,042 0,031 0,025 0,020
0,2 0,077 0,077 0,076 0,076 0,074 0,071 0,062 0,048 0,040 0,031
0,1 0,086 0,086 0,086 0,086 0,086 0,085 0,084 0,081 0,077 0,068
0,0 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095 0,095
6
Worked example
Objectives
characteristic length of the unit a*
Aspect ratio
0 ,25
3 3
Coefficients and sh h
factors a* 28 ,9 3 1 2

h1 h k 5
3
Allowable stresses 2
Internal loads
Ultimate limit state partition of external and internal loads and effect of internal loads
is determined by the insulating units factor
state
1
4
a
1
a *
partition of external load is determined by relative stiffness of the
panes
h13 h23
1 3 3 2 3
h1 h2 h1 h23
stiffness of the pane 1 (outer pane) stiffness of the pane 2 (inner pane)
7
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio Allowable stresses for panes up to 4.0m2 fg,d

Coefficients and Glass product Uniformly distributed load duration
factors
Short duration loads Medium duration loads Permanent loads
Allowable Wind loads Snow, climate loads Self-weight, altitude
stresses Glass type Processing loads
Internal loads ULS SLS ULS SLS ULS SLS
Ultimate limit state annealed 17.0 30.7 8.5 15.3 6.4 11.5
Serviceability limit heat 27.9 47.3 19.4 32.0 17.3 28.2
state Float glass strengthened
and sheet thermally 49.6 80.7 41.1 65.3 39.0 61.5
glass toughened
chemically 62.7 100.7 54.2 85.3 52.0 81.5
strengthened
For pane 1- toughened glass For pane 2- float glass

wind load ULS fg,d = 49.6MPa = 49.6N/mm2 wind load ULS fg,d = 17.0MPa
wind load SLS fg,d = 80.7MPa wind load SLS fg,d = 30.7MPa
climate load SLS fg,d = 65.3MPa climate load SLS fg,d = 15.3MPa
altitude load SLS fg,d = 61.5MPa altitude load SLS fg,d = 11.5MPa
8
Worked example
Objectives
Limiting conditions of internal loads, if the exact values for the internal
Aspect ratio
loads can not be determined
Coefficients and
factors
Isochore pressure [kN/m2]
Allowable stresses
Climatic action Altitude action pH,0 [kN/m2]
Internal loads pC,0 [kN/m2]
For use up to 400 m For use up to 700 m
altitude altitude
state
summer +12,0 +3,6 +8,4
winter -15,0 -3,6 -8,4
Isochore pressure internal load Wind external load

pH,0 = +3,6kN/m2 or -3,6kN/m2 w = 1,5 kN/m
Climatic action internal load

pc,0 = +12,0kN/m2 or -15,0kN/m2
9
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio Internal actions

Coefficients and
factors
Serviceability limit state design loads shall be determined
Allowable stresses

Internal loads
Fd ,1 1 2 GjG1,kj 0,9Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj 0,9Qk 2 pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
j j
Ultimate limit
state

Serviceability Fd ,2 1 2 GjG1,kj 0,9Qk 1 1 2 GjG2 ,kj 0,9Qk 2 pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
limit state j j
External actions
Ultimate limit state design loads for one variable action on the outer
pane shall be determined

Fd ,1 1 2 GjG1,kj 1,5Qk 1 1 1 GjG2 ,kj
j j

Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,5Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj
j j
10
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Coefficients and 1. Internal action (isochore pressure)
factors

Allowable stresses Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 0,9Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj 0 ,9Qk 2
Internal loads j j
Ultimate limit state pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
11
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads j j
Serviceability pH,0 = 3,6 kN/m2
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
12
11
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads j j
limit state
Effective stress
a2 fg,d = 61,5 MPa for toughened glass,

ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d altitude loads
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
13
11
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

factors

Allowable stresses Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 0,9Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj 0,9Qk 2
Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
12
14
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
12
15
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d fg,d = 11,5 MPa for annealed glass,
h2 altitude loads
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
12
16
Worked example
Objectives

Coefficients and 2. Internal action (isochore pressure + climatic action)
factors

Internal loads j j
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
17
13
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads j j
Ultimate limit state pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0 pc,0 = -15,0 kN/m2
Serviceability pH,0 = - 3,6 kN/m2
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
18
13
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads j j
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2 fg,d = 65,3MPa for toughened glass,

ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d altitude load + climatic action
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
19
13
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
14
20
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0 pc,0 = -15,0 kN/m
2

pH,0 = - 3,6 kN/m2
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
14
21
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress

ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d altitude load + climatic load
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
14
22
Worked example
Objectives
Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) ULS
Aspect ratio
Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

factors

Allowable stresses Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,5Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj
Internal loads j j
Ultimate limit Effective stress

state
a2
Serviceability ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
limit state h1
Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

3. External action (wind load)

Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
15
23
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio

factors

Internal loads j w = 1,5 kN/m2 j
state
a2
Serviceability ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
limit state h1


Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
15
24
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio

factors

Internal loads j j

state
Serviceability ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d wind loads
limit state h1


Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
15
25
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio

factors

Internal loads j j

state
limit state h1


Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj

j w = 1,5 kN/m2 j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
15
26
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio

factors

Internal loads j j

state
limit state h1


Fd ,1 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0Qk 1 1 1 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
15
27
Worked example
Objectives
Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

factors


Internal loads j j

state
Serviceability
a2
limit state
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS


Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0 Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
16
28
Worked example
Objectives

factors


state
Serviceability
a2
limit state
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2


Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0 Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
16
29
Worked example
Objectives

factors


Internal loads j j

state
Serviceability
a2
limit state
h2 wind load


Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0 Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
16
30
Worked example
Objectives

factors


Internal loads j j

state
Serviceability
a2
limit state
h2 wind load


Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0 Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj

j w = 1,5 kN/m2 j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
16
31
Worked example
Objectives

factors


Internal loads j j

state
Serviceability
a2
limit state
h2 wind load


Fd ,2 1 2 Gj G1,kj 1,0 Qk 1 1 2 Gj G2 ,kj

j j
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
16
32
Worked example
Objectives

Coefficients and 4. Combination (isochore pressure + climatic action + wind load)
factors

Internal loads j j
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
33
17
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Ultimate limit state pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0 pc,0 = -15,0 kN/m2
Serviceability pH,0 = - 3,6 kN/m2
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h1
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
34
17
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads j j
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress

ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d altitude load + climatic action + wind
h1 action
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h1 E
35
17
Worked example
Objectives

Coefficients and 2. Internal action (isochore pressure + climatic action+ wind load)
factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
18
36
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j w = 1,5 kN/m2 j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0 pc,0 = +12,0 kN/m
2
Serviceability
pH,0 = + 3,6 kN/m2
limit state
Effective stress
a2
ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
18
37
Worked example
Objectives

factors

Internal loads
j j
pH ,0 0,9 pC ,0
Serviceability
limit state
Effective stress

ef k 2 2 Fd fg ,d altitude load + climatic load + wind load
h2
Deformation
a 4 Fd
w max k4 3
h2 E
18
38
Thank you
for your kind attention
19
39

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ADVANCED DESIGN OF GLASS

European Erasmus Mundus Master Course

Ultimate limit state

Aspect ratio four edge supported glass pane (prEN 13474)

Aspect ratio Allowable stresses for panes up to 4.0m2 fg,d

For pane 1- toughened glass For pane 2- float glass

Isochore pressure internal load Wind external load

Climatic action internal load

Aspect ratio Internal actions

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

a2 fg,d = 61,5 MPa for toughened glass,

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

a2 fg,d = 65,3MPa for toughened glass,

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Ultimate limit state

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

a2 fg,d = 15,3 MPa for toughened glass,

Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Coefficients and 3. External action (wind load)

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) ULS

Ultimate limit Effective stress

Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 1 (4mm toughened glass) SLS

a2 fg,d = 80,7 MPa for toughened glass,

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

Aspect ratio Design load on pane 2 (6mm annealed glass) SLS

a2 fg,d = 30,7 MPa for toughened glass,

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