DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL .......................................................................................... i

SURAT PERMOHONAN KERJA PRAKTIK .................................................. ii
BALASAN SURAT PERMOHONAN KERJA PRAKTIK .............................. iii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PERUSAHAAN ................................................... iv
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN LAPORAN KERJA PRAKTIK ............................ v
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................... xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................ 1
1.2 Pengertian ........................................................................................ 3
1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat ......................................................................... 3
1.3.1 Tujuan .................................................................................. 3
1.3.2 Manfaat ............................................................................... 4
1.4 Tempat dan Pelaksanaan ................................................................. 5
1.5 Tujuan Penulisan Laporan ............................................................... 5
1.6 Batasan Masalah .............................................................................. 6
1.7 Pengumpulan Data .......................................................................... 6
1.8 Sistematika Laporan ........................................................................ 6
BAB II TINJAUAN UMUM PERUSAHAAN ........................................... 9
2.1 Sejarah Perusahaan .......................................................................... 9
2.1.1 PT. Indonesia Power ............................................................ 9
2.1.2 PLTA Timo .......................................................................... 11
2.2 Letak Geografis Perusahaan ............................................................ 12
2.3 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan ...................................................... 13
2.4 Visi, Misi, Kompetensi Inti, IP AKSI, dan Budaya Perusahaan ..... 15
2.5 Makna Bentuk dan Warna Logo Perusahaan .................................. 16
2.5.1 Bentuk ................................................................................. 16
2.3.2 Warna ................................................................................... 17
2.6 Alur Produksi Perusahaan ............................................................... 17
2.7 Kapasitas Daya PT. Indonesia Power .............................................. 18
2.8 Tenaga Kerja Perusahaan ................................................................ 18

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 2.8.1 Karyawan PLTA Timo.......................................................... 18
2.8.2 Koperasi Indonesia .............................................................. 18
2.8.3 Garda Power Mandiri .......................................................... 18
2.8.4 Waktu Kerja Karyawan ....................................................... 19
2.9 Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Perusahaan ..................... 19
2.9.1 Tujuan K3 ............................................................................ 19
2.9.2 Fokus Pelaksanaan K3 ......................................................... 19
2.9.3 Kecelakaan Kerja ................................................................ 19
2.9.4 Ruang Lingkup .................................................................... 19
2.9.5 Tempat Kerja ....................................................................... 20
2.9.6 Pendekatan K3 ..................................................................... 20
BAB III PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA AIR ...................................... 21
3.1 Proses Konversi Energi pada PLTA ................................................ 21
3.2 Perinsip Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air ......................................... 21
3.3 Rencana Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air ......................................... 23
3.3.1 Pemilihan Proyek PLTA ...................................................... 23
3.3.2 Kapasitas Proyek ................................................................. 23
3.3.3 Pemilihan Lokasi PLTA ....................................................... 24
3.3.4 Penentuan Tinggi Jatuh Efektif ........................................... 24
3.3.4.1 Jenis Saluran Air.................................................... 24
3.3.4.2 Jenis Waduk Atau Waduk Pengatur ....................... 25
3.3.5 Penentuan Debit Turbin ....................................................... 26
3.3.5.1 Debit Maksimum ................................................... 26
3.3.5.2 Jumlah Air Pasti .................................................... 26
3.3.6 Daya Yang Dihasilkan PLTA ............................................... 26
3.3.6.1 Macam Daya yang Dihasilkan .............................. 26
3.3.6.2 Perhitungan Daya .................................................. 27
3.3.7 Jenis-Jenis PLTA .................................................................. 28
3.3.7.1 Penggolangan Berdasarkan Tinggi Terjun ............ 28
3.3.7.2 Penggolongan Menurut Aliran Air ........................ 28
3.3.8 Waduk dan Kolam Pengatur ................................................ 29

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 3.3.8.1 Waduk .................................................................... 29
3.3.8.2 Kolam Pengatur ..................................................... 30
3.3.8.3 Kolam Konpensasi ................................................ 30
3.3.9 Penentuan Jumlah Unit dan Jenis Unit Utama .................... 30
3.3.9.1 Penentuan Jumlah Unit ......................................... 30
3.3.9.2 Penentuan Jenis Unit ............................................. 31
3.3.9.3 Penentuan Jenis Poros Tegak atau Mendatar ........ 33
3.4 Perlengkapan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air ................................. 33
3.4.1 Konstruksi Sipil ................................................................... 33
3.4.1.1 Waduk Sungai Tuntang ......................................... 34
3.4.1.2 Bendungan (DAM) Tuntang ................................. 35
3.4.1.3 DAM PLTA Timo .................................................. 36
3.4.1.4 Pintu Pengambilan Air .......................................... 37
3.4.1.5 Saringan ................................................................. 37
3.4.1.6 Kolam Tando Harian PLTA Timo .......................... 38
3.4.1.7 Bangunan Pengambil Air ...................................... 39
3.4.1.8 Pintu Pengambilan Air .......................................... 40
3.4.1.9 Saluran Tekan ........................................................ 40
3.4.1.10 Saluran Pendatar .................................................... 41
3.4.1.11 Sumuran ................................................................ 42
3.4.1.12 Pipa Pesat............................................................... 43
3.4.1.13 Katup Utama ......................................................... 44
3.4.1.14 Gedung sentral ...................................................... 44
3.4.1.15 Tail Race ................................................................ 45
3.4.2 Konstruksi Peralatan Mekanik ............................................ 46
3.4.2.1 Servo Motor .......................................................... 46
3.4.2.2 Governor ............................................................... 47
3.4.2.3 Roda Gila dan Rem Hidrolik ................................. 49
3.4.2.4 Turbin Air .............................................................. 50
3.4.3 Data Peralatan Listrik .......................................................... 51
3.4.3.1 Generator ............................................................... 51

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 3.4.3.2 Sistem Pendingin ................................................... 54
3.4.3.3 Transformator ........................................................ 54
3.4.3.4 Jalur Transmisi ...................................................... 55
3.5 Operasi Pemeliharaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air ................... 55
3.5.1 Jenis Pekerjaan Operasi ....................................................... 57
3.5.2 Peraturan Umum Operasi .................................................... 57
3.5.3 Pemeriksaan Sebelum Mulai ............................................... 57
3.5.4 Petunjuk-Petunjuk Operasi .................................................. 58
3.5.5 Petunjuk-Petunjuk dalam Penghentian Operasi .................. 59
3.5.6 Sistem Penghentian Mesin .................................................. 59
3.5.7 Pengontrolan Daya Keluar dan Frekuensi ........................... 59
3.5.8 Pekerjaan Pemeliharaan ...................................................... 60
3.5.9 Eksploitasi/Operasi dan Pemeliharaan Luar PLTA ............. 62
3.5.10 Petunjuk untuk Inspeksi Peralatan PLTA ............................ 65
3.5.11 Petunjuk Selama Pekerjaan Berlangsung ............................ 67
3.5.12 Onderdil Cadangan .............................................................. 67
3.5.13 Personil Operasi dan Pemeliharaan ..................................... 67
3.6 Kelebihan dan Kekurangan PLTA ................................................... 68
3.6.1 Kelebihan dari PLTA ........................................................... 68
3.6.2 Kekurangan dari PLTA ........................................................ 68
BAB IV MAIN INLET VALVE (MIV) ........................................................... 69
4.1 Pengertian Main Inlet Valve ............................................................ 69
4.2 Spesifikasi MIV di PLTA Timo ....................................................... 70
4.3 Komponen MIV .............................................................................. 70
4.3.1 Tangki Datar ........................................................................ 71
4.3.2 Pipa Pesat ............................................................................ 72
4.3.3 Pipa Bypass .......................................................................... 72
4.3.4 Motor Listrik ....................................................................... 73
4.3.5 Katup Kupu-Kupu ............................................................... 74
4.3.6 Bearing ................................................................................ 75
4.3.7 Tuas Hidrolik ....................................................................... 75

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 4.3.8 Selang Hidrolik .................................................................... 76
4.3.9 Central Hidrolik ................................................................... 76
4.3.10 Solenoid Valve ..................................................................... 77
4.3.11 Panel .................................................................................... 77
4.3.12 Katup Ball ............................................................................ 77
4.4 Cara Kerja Man Inlet Valve ............................................................. 78
4.5 Perawatan Main Inlet Valve ............................................................. 79
4.5.1 Perawatan Mingguan ........................................................... 79
4.5.2 Perawatan Bulanan .............................................................. 79
4.5.3 Perawatan Tahunan .............................................................. 79

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1.1 Lokasi UP PT. Indonesia Power ............................................... 10

Gambar 2.1.2 Sub Unit PLTA Timo ................................................................ 11
Gambar 2.2 Lokasi PLTA Timo ................................................................... 13
Gambar 2.3 Struktur Organisasi PLTA Timo ............................................... 14
Gambar 2.5 Logo PT. Indonesia Power ....................................................... 16
Gambar 2.6 Aliran Air PLTA Timo .............................................................. 17
Gambar 3.1.1 PLTA Mrica .............................................................................. 21
Gambar 3.2 Turbin dan Generator PLTA Timo ............................................ 22
Gambar 3.3.7.2 Diagram Aliran Sumber Air PLTA Timo .................................. 29
Gambar 3.3.9.2 Grafik Tinggi Jatuh vs Daya Keluar ......................................... 32
Gambar 3.4.1.2 DAM Tuntang .......................................................................... 36
Gambar 3.4.1.3 DAM PLTA Jelok ..................................................................... 36
Gambar 3.4.1.4 Pintu Pengambilan Air DAM Jelok .......................................... 37
Gambar 3.4.1.5 Saringan/Trash Racke ............................................................... 38
Gambar 3.4.1.6 (a) Kolam Tando Harian PLTA Timo ....................................... 38
Gambar 3.4.1.6 (b) Saringan Sampah ................................................................ 39
Gambar 3.4.1.7 Bangunan Pengambil Air PLTA Timo ...................................... 40
Gambar 3.4.1.8 Pintu Pengambilan Air ............................................................. 40
Gambar 3.4.1.9 Pressure Tunner ........................................................................ 41
Gambar 3.4.1.10 Saluran Pendatar ..................................................................... 42
Gambar 3.4.1.11 (a) Sumuran ............................................................................ 42
Gambar 3.4.1.11 (b) Overdruck ......................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.4.1.12 Penstock PLTA Jelok .............................................................. 44
Gambar 3.4.1.13 Katup Utama .......................................................................... 44
Gambar 3.4.1.14 Gedung Sentral ....................................................................... 45
Gambar 3.4.1.15 Tail Race PLTA Timo ............................................................. 46
Gambar 3.4.2.1 Servo Motor PLTA Timo .......................................................... 46
Gambar 3.4.2.2 Governor PLTA Timo ............................................................... 48

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Gambar 3.4.2.3 Roda Gila dan Rem Hidrolik PLTA Timo ................................ 50
Gambar 3.4.2.4 Turbin Francis PLTA Timo ....................................................... 51
Gambar 3.4.3.1 Generator PLTA ........................................................................ 53
Gambar 3.4.3.2 Sistem Pendingin Generator PLTA Timo ................................. 54
Gambar 3.4.3.3 Transformator PLTA Timo ....................................................... 55
Gambar 3.4.2.4 Jalur Transmisi PLTA Timo ...................................................... 55
Gambar 4.1 MIV PLTA Timo ......................................................................... 69
Gambar 4.3 Komponen MIV .......................................................................... 70
Gambar 4.3.1 Pipa Datar ................................................................................... 72
Gambar 4.3.3 Pipa Bypass ................................................................................. 73
Gambar 4.3.4 Motor Listrik .............................................................................. 73
Gambar 4.3.5 Katup Kupu-Kupu ....................................................................... 74
Gambar 4.3.6 Cylindrical Roller Bearing ......................................................... 75
Gambar 4.3.7 Tuas Hidrolik .............................................................................. 76
Gambar 4.3.9 Central Hidrolik .......................................................................... 76
Gambar 4.3.10 Solenoid Valve ........................................................................... 77
Gambar 4.3.11 Panel .......................................................................................... 77
Gambar 4.3.12 Katup Ball ................................................................................. 78

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