LITERATURE REVIEW
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CONCLUSION
& RECOMMENDATIONS
Malay Basin Background
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OBJECTIVE
Main Objective
To build a relationship between geology and geophysics by employing neural
network theory with the integration of multiple seismic attributes for geological
facies classification.
Specific Objective
1. To classify lithology of the Bujang field based on gamma ray on well domain
2. To apply the seismic facies classification workflow using neural network for the
Bujang field
3. To identify which seismic attribute is most suitable in delineating subtle
geological features
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SCOPE OF STUDY
To accurately predict the type of facies obtained by the neural network theory
And recognize any abnormal events or geological structures which is irrelevant of the fields
depositional environment
To analyze how neural network theory determines the number of seismic attribute
Ensuring that the result obtained is logical and non-bias to any available data.
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LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Seismic attributes require special attention because a random choice may produce unexpected results
(Hesthammer et al., 2001; Hart, 2002; Barnes, 2007).
2. Moreover, the efficiency of computational techniques depends on the quality of their input (Fehmers
and Hcker, 2003; Haykin, 2008).
3. The suggested alternative, which is the neural network method, have proven to be useful in reservoir
characterization, as shown in An and Moon (1993), Sandham and Leggett (2003), and Herrera et al. (2006).
4. It is well suited for use with seismic data because of its ability to screen out noise and identify
representative clusters of seismic waveforms within diversified time intervals (Poupon et al., 2004).
5. The feed-forward network possesses the ability to predict both continuous values (such as porosity), as
well as discrete values (such as the facies class number) (Zhao et al.,2015)
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6. Multivariate statistics, classification and neural networks do not assume an underlying model, but
LITERATURE REVIEW
instead try to build the relationships directly from the data (Russell, B., 2013)
7. Studies of well-log data prediction from seismic attributes have been applied to siliciclastic
reservoirs using neural network algorithm, e.g., Dorrington and Link (2004), Hampson et al. (2001),
and Valenti (2009)
8. These studies show the methods that can identify channels in sandstone reservoirs and high-
porosity intervals using a smoothing filter after or before training.
Figure 4 (a): Multilinear regression result on Figure 4 (b): Neural network result on porosity
porosity identification identification
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Identify
logs to be Select logical Input
utilized for arguments lithology
classes: for each logs log, seismic
Brine sand, in their and Generate
HC sand, specific impedance multiattribute
Shale classes volume analysis
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
MULTI-ATTRIBUTE SEISMC
SEISMIC- WELL TIE ANALYSIS
SEISMIC ATTRIBUTE
GENERATION
CROSS-VALIDATION OF RESULT,
FACIES MAP GENERATION
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RESULT & DISCUSSIONS
Seismic-Well Tie
The objective is to tie well data measured in unit of
depth and seismic data measured in unit of time
2. Density log
3. Synthetic wavelet
4. Bujang 3D Full Stack
Figure 10: Lithology classes displayed on GR log; magenta, shale; green, brine sand; orange, HC
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sand (Bujang 2 well)
Bujang 4 Litholog
Figure 11: Lithology classes displayed on GR log; magenta, shale; green, brine sand; orange, HC sand
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(Bujang 4 well)
B5 Litholog
Figure 12: Lithology classes displayed on GR log; magenta, shale; green, brine sand; orange, HC sand
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(Bujang 5 well)
EMERGE MODULE (NEURAL NETWORK)
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Emerge Training Input
Figure 14 : Single Attribute Generations list error and application/ validation plot
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Single Attribute Generation
Error=0.648823
Correlation=0.215704
Figure 15 : Single Attribute cross plots regression error and correlation value
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(Integrated Absolute Amplitude vs lithology)
Multiple Attribute Generation
Error=0.243389
Correlation=0.455508
Figure 16: Multiple Attribute Generation error plot, training and validation error;
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regression error and correlation value (actual lithology vs predicted lithology)
Neural Network Training & Validation
0.252451
Error=0.226043
Correlation=0.94392
Figure 17: Neural Network Training & Validation application / validation plot;
regression error and correlation value (actual lithology vs predicted lithology) 28
RESULT & DISCUSSION
BUJANG 4
BUJANG 2
BUJANG 5
Figure 18: Horizon slice of E36 Coal Base with Lithology Classes. (Red:Brine Sand; Green:
Hydrocarbon Sand; Blue: Shale 29
RESULT & DISCUSSION
Cross-reference
Integrate information such as sequence stratigraphy
seismic data with
and biostratigraphy instead of only wireline logs
other information
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GANTT CHART
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REFERENCES
1. Ghosh, D. P. et al. (2010). Geophysical Issues and Challenges in Malay and Adjacent Basins from an E&P
perspective. The Leading Edge, April.
2. Ghosh, D. P. et al. (2014). Seismic Attributes Add a New Dimension to Prospect Evaluation And
Geomorphology Offshore Malaysia. The Leading Edge, May.
3. Liew, K. K. (1996). Structural analysis of the Malay Basin (abstract). Warta Geologi, Geological Society
of Malaysia Newsletter, 22(3), 217218.
4. Mansor, M. Y., Rahman, A. H. A. and Menier, D. (2014). The Malay Basin Ridge & Graben Model: A Five -
Fold Tectono - Stratigraphic Sub - Division. (1999), 25.
5. Latimer, R. B. (2006). Multi-attribute Seismic Volume Facies Classification For Predicting Fractures In
Carbonate Reservoirs. The Leading Edge, June.
6. Singh, V. B. et al. (2004). Facies Classification Based On Seismic Waveform-a Case Study From
Mumbai High North. 5th Conference & Exposition on petroleum geophysics, Hyderabad, 456-462.
7. Tang, H. (2008). Improved Carbonate Reservoir Facies Classification Using Artificial Neural Network
Method. Canadian International Petroleum Conference.
8. Hampson, D. P., J. S. Schuelke, and J. A. Quirein, (2001). Use Of Multiattribute Transforms To Predict
Log Properties From Seismic Data. Geophysics, 66 (1), 220236
9. Cerssimo, D. S., Ravazzoli, C. L., and Martnez, R. G. (2016). Prediction of Lateral Variations in
Reservoir Properties throughout an Interpreted Seismic Horizon Using an Artificial Neural Network.
The Leading Edge 35(3): 26569
THANK YOU
Q&A session