Reflective Journal
Chapter one in Adult Learning Methods was very helpful in showing me the
importance of developing a teaching style, as well as showing how this should be
done. One of the major factors in creating a teaching style mentioned in the
chapter is Knowledge of Self. It is important for me to know who I am as a
teacher, which may differ in some ways from how I would normally act outside of
the classroom setting (p. 11). I found the following quote very useful: To develop a
teaching style that is meaningful, it is essential to understand the knowledge area
of self and that prolonged reflection is a fundamental component in such an effort.
It is through an understanding of our beliefs, values, attitudes, and personal
philosophy or vision of teaching that we contribute to a foundationally sound
practice of helping adults learn (Galbraith 14). I need to focus on understanding
these core things about myself in order to understand who I am as a teacher as I
develop my personal teaching style.
teachers who are also searchers after wisdom and not oracles. I think teachers
like this are key to effective learning, especially in the context of teaching adults.
Week 2 WOC
January 31-February 6 G: Chapter 16
B: Chapters 1 & 2
S: Chapter 2: Teaching artistry through reflection-in-
action
I enjoyed the section from Schon chapter two on practicums. On page 38,
Schon describes how the student learns through a practicum by stating, The work
of the practicum is accomplished through some combination of the students
learning by doing, her interactions with coaches and fellow students, and a more
diffuse process of background learning. As I read this, I considered why this would
be effective way for adults to learn. The learners orientation to learning, one of the
six assumptions of adult education, came to mind during this reflection. Practicums
allow students to practice what they are learning in practical ways. I think that this
relates to orientation to learning because practicums allow students to learn
through working out life-centered tasks and problems on a consistent basis. I
believe that this aspect is key to the practicums success.
portfolios can be useful to Adult Teaching Practice. On page 322, a course portfolio
is conceptually defined as, "The framework which will provide the kind of
scaffolding students will need in order to successfully assess their own learning.
We have been talking a lot in this course about the importance of reflection, both
for the teacher and for the student. Creating portfolios are good for scaffolding
students learning because they cause the student to reflect throughout the entire
process of creating the portfolio. Another quote from page 322 sums this up well:
By documenting both their work and their thinking about their work as they co-
evolve, students have an opportunity to develop the kind of sustained reflection
that should underlie both their preparation and their practice. Conditioning
themselves to engage in critical self-examination on an ongoing basis contributes
to their internalizing the process; to believing in its importance to their continued
professional growth.
I learned quite a bit about myself through chapters three and four of Adult
Learning Methods, as well as through Appendix A, which is sandwiched in between
these two chapters. For this section of my journal, I think Id like to focus mainly on
what I learned through the test offered in Appendix A because I found this test to
be very useful and enlightening. My results fell under the categories of
Progressivist and Behavioralist. At first, I was a little bit surprised with these
results, but, once I read more about what they involve, they made quite a bit of
sense. My highest score fell under Progressive Adult Education. Progressivists are
highly focused on learner needs, and value the learners interests and experiences
throughout the learning process. I found it interesting that the book listed ESL as a
common practice for progressivist educators, since I am interested in teaching ESL
one day. My second highest score was Behavioral Adult Education. This one
seemed to resonate with me well because of the fact that it is competency based.
Learners are to master the material they are learning based on certain standards
and behavioral objectives. There is trial and error, feed-back, and reinforcement. I
think that all of those things are important in education, and I am excited to write
my personal philosophy of education so that I can further explore my views on
these philosophies and dig deeper into why I value what I do.
Teaching. In this book, Dewey makes the claim that all true education comes
through experience. He does not, however, state that all experiences produce
genuine education. Some experiences are actually counter-productive to
education, as they can guide people in the wrong direction and place people in a
groove or rut. For genuine learning to happen through experience, it must have
continuity and interaction. Continuity refers to the fact that learning experiences
are not experiences that stand alone, unrelated to anything else. They are
experiences that are associated with past experiences and can also potentially be
connected with future implications. Interaction has to do with how the individual is
interacting with the environment throughout the learning experience. All of this
relates specifically to my learning about adults because it helps me to better
understand the principle of the role of the learners past experiences. There is
more to that principle than just the information offered by Dewey, through Meriam,
Caffarella, and Baumgartner, but this new information has added an additional
level to my understanding of the concept.
The last main section in Experience and Learning chapter seven listed some
of the methods used in adult teaching practice to implement experiential learning.
Before the completing the reading, I had never heard of Anchored Instruction,
one of the methods listed. Anchored instruction is teaching by creating situations
in which learners, through sustained experiences, can grapple with the problems
and opportunities that experts encounter (p. 181). This is accomplished through
the use of macrocontexts, or complex problems explored over extended periods
of time and through multiple lenses (p.183). The goal of this method of
experiential learning is to allow students who are just beginning to learn about a
given topic to work through situations and figure out what an expert would do. I do
not think that it would be a good idea to use this method all the time, but I do think
that students would benefit from its occasional use. I can see myself potentially
creating an activity like this in my future teaching to allow my students to grow in
a new way.
Week 5 G: Chapter 5 6
February 21- February C: Chapter 9: Designing instructional plans
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after we went over the chart in class and were able to elaborate on Deans three
phases of instructional design through discussion and an activity, I began to
understand it better. As I was reflecting on why the chart confused me at first, I
realized that I think that I tend to look at things in a linear way. The chart was
intentionally made to be not linear. Because of this, it took a little extra time for me
to understand what it was trying to convey. I think that this will be helpful for me to
keep in mind for the future. It is a good example of the fact that people learn in
different ways, and what makes perfect sense to some people may not register
well with others.
In the chapter of our reading written by Caffarella, there was a section that
discussed five different reasons for assessment. I found reading over this section to
be helpful in my learning about Adult Teaching Practice. The first reason for
assessment is to assess a persons background, experiences, and readiness for
learning. This assessment is done when the learners enter a program, and it is
important because it lets the teachers know what the students can and cannot do,
as well as gives indicators as to how they feel about the content being covered.
The second reason for assessment is to improve the instructional process and
materials. This assessment takes place before, during, and after the educational
program, and can be completed by both the educators and the students. The third
reason for assessment is to ascertain whether the instructional event has produced
the desired results. This form of assessment involves checking to see if the
learning outcomes were fulfilled. The fourth reason for assessment is to help the
learners to become more effective in their learning. This aspect should be
encouraging to the learners while helping them improve their critical reflection
skills. Finally, the fifth reason for assessment is to provide data for the overall
program evaluation. The data gathered is helpful in making decisions on how to
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adjust the program in order to make it better in the future. I found this information
helpful because it provided multiple clear points as to why we need to assess. It is
not that I did not believe in the importance of assessment prior to reading this
section; I just really appreciated the detailed insight that it offered.
that will help them to be more responsible for their own lives, and when this need
is met, they are more motivated to learn.
Week 7 G: Chapters 9 10
March 7-March 20
I enjoyed reading about the different types of learners in chapter nine. Pages
185-187 listed and described three types of learners: Navigators, Problem Solvers,
and Engagers. Navigators are learners who create a focused plan for learning. Page
185 says that their motto could be stated as, Plan the work; work the plan. These
learners desire order and structure to help them best utilize their organizational
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skills, and they tend to be perfectionistic in their work. Problem Solvers use critical
thinking skills to explore many different ideas in learning. They are creative and
enjoy making good use of story-telling as they reflect upon their experiences and
add depth to the learning process. Problem solvers do not enjoy having rigid
guidelines on how they choose to process learning. The motto listed for problem-
solvers is Ask them what time it is, and they will build you a clock. Engagers
learn best when they can be passionately involved in the learning. They must be
engaged with the material being presented to them, as well as engaged with those
around them. The engagers motto for learning is that It is fun! They desire to
find joy in learning, and they can become bored if they are not involved. Building
relationships is a key part of learning for engagers. It is helpful to recognize the
different types of learners within your class. I think that knowing your students
involves knowing how they learn, and knowing how they learn will help in choosing
effective methods (or in using multiple methods for the purpose of reaching a
variety of students).
Chapter 10 in Adult Learning Methods explained how to use the case story
method. The case story method includes five steps: free-writing; writing out the
case story; telling, listening to, and describing the case stories; small group
discussion; and whole group discussion. Through the case story method, I learned
that solving a problem is not always the goal in a learning experience. The goal of
the case story method is to help the learners better understand their problems by
processing through them with others. At first, I had a hard time wrapping my mind
around the idea of not working to solve the problems; however, as I continued
looking into the case study method, the methodology behind it began to make a
little more sense. To my understanding, it is not that the problems are not
supposed to be resolved, it is just that the case story method is not seeking to
solve them. It seeks to give learners a better understanding of their problems so
that they can know how to better address them in order to find a solution in the
future.
Week 8 G: Chapters 11 14
March 21-March 27
made clear that critical thinking is not always easy. It causes people to examine
their lives and potentially change some of their deep-seated views. As I read the
chapter, I was able to reflect on my past three years here at Toccoa Falls. Critical
thinking has been crucial to how I have learned, as well as how I have grown in
Christ. I have experienced the challenges of having to change my views because of
learning that took place through critical thinking. At the closing of the chapter, the
author makes a list of the things about critical thinking that she has learned
throughout her years of teaching it. Two items on the list stuck out to me. She
wrote that learners will be initially hostile and resistant to this activity for fear of
where it might lead and that teachers earn the right to ask students to think
critically by first modeling the process in their own actions. These two statements
stuck out because I can relate to the first and wish to make the second my goal as
a teacher.
Week 10 G: Chapters 19 20
April 4-April 10
Prior to reading chapter 20 and discussing its content in class, I had a basic
knowledge about panels, but I did not really know what forums and symposiums
were. I had heard both words before, but if someone were to have asked me to
define them I would not have known what to say. I now feel that I could give a good
definition for both forums and symposiums. I also could explain how they fit into
adult education. I think that panels will remain my favorite of these three methods,
but I am very glad to have learned about the other two methods as well.
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Week 11 & 12 Reflect on your own teaching, and what you are learning
April 11-April 24 from watching others teach
Watching Jordan and Esther teach was a very neat experience because it
allowed me to see how unique teaching can be from teacher to teacher. I enjoyed
watching Jordan and Esther teach in their own unique ways because it helped me
to see that good teaching comes in many different forms. I also enjoyed gleaning
from different things that both Ester and Jordan did to help me grow as a teacher. I
hope to never stop learning as a teacher, and I am confident that a good deal of
my future learning as a teacher will come from watching others.
I think that both teaching and watching others teach aided in my learning
about adult teaching practice in that I got to both experience what it is like to lead
a group of adults in a learning experience and participate in a learning experience
as an adult learner. During the times I was the facilitator, I strived to incorporate
the many things that I have learned about adult education in order to create a
successful learning experience for adults. During the lesson planning process, I
intentionally thought through how I could use the six assumptions in my lesson,
and, as I taught the lesson, I had to actively think about what I had planned to be
sure that I emphasized certain things within the lesson. During the times that I was
not facilitating the lesson, I was able to see how Jordan and Esther were
intentionally trying to do the same, and, as a learner, I was able to learn better
because of their hard work. I think that we learned a lot from each other during
each experience.
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Week 13 G: Chapters 21 22
April 25-May 1 Reflect on entire semester
This semester has helped me to see that there are many very good ways for
adults to learn, and you have to study the adults you are working with in order to
figure out how they will learn best. However, Ive also learned that it important to
know yourself as a teacher and the content you will be teaching before choosing a
method. Once a method is choses, the six assumptions should be thoroughly
utilized in order to help adults most effectively.
Before this semester, I had no idea how many different methods are
available for teaching adults. The only two that I could have listed before this
course would have been discussion and lecturing. Now I know that there are so
many more options! I also glad that our learning of the methods went beyond just
talking about them in class. Being able to participate (fully or at least to some
extent) most of the methods that we discussed really helped me to understand
what each method is all about. I think that the highlight of the course for me was
our hands-on learning about demonstrations and then being able to lead hands-on
demonstrations ourselves.