DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL (TELECOMMUNICATION) ENGINEERING

SUKKUR INSTITUTE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Computer Aided Engineering Design (Lab)

Name: __________________________________________ Date: _________________________

Score: _____________________Signature of Instructor_________________________________

Lab Practice # 02
AutoCAD Basic Drawing

2.1 Objectives:
The objectives of these notes are to give a brief general idea of basic drawing in AutoCAD 2010.
The notes contain exercises that you should try out as you go along and are intended to be
reasonably self-contained.
To be familiar with basic drawings such as line, rectangle, polygon, circle, arc, donut, pline
and ellipse.
To draw by all possible ways.

2.2 Procedure:
LINE
Distance between any two points is called a Line. OR
Line is collection of points in straight direction. OR
Line is the shortest possible distance between two points.
The LINE command draws line segments. Constructing lines in drawings is the most basic CAD
operation. In AutoCAD, you can draw many types of lines and apply a variety of options to them,
but most lines are drawn with the LINE command. A single line is sometimes called a segment. At
each end, the line has endpoints.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING LINE SEGMENTS

1. To draw line segments, start the LINE command with one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Line button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the line command.
Command: line (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the l alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Specify the starting point of the line segment:

 Specify first point: (Pick point 1, or specify coordinates.)
With the cursor, pick a point on the screen.
Or, at the keyboard, enter x,y coordinates, such as 2,3.

3. Specify the next point(s):

Specify next point or [Undo]: (Pick point 2, or specify coordinates.)
Move the cursor, and then pick another point.
Or, enter another set of x,y coordinates, such as 3,4.

4. Press ENTER to end the command.

Specify next point or [Undo]: (Press ENTER to exit the command.)

Alternatives to pressing ENTER include:

Pressing ESC.
Right-clicking, and selecting Enter from the shortcut menu.

5. To repeat the LINE command, press ENTER.

AutoCAD restarts the LINE command and displays LINE at the Command: prompt.
Command: LINE Specify first point:

6. This time, draw several lines. Notice that each new segment connects precisely at the endpoint of the
previous segment. The connection is called a vertex.
7. Press ENTER to exit the command. In AutoCAD,
pressing ENTER ends (most) commands; pressing it again restarts the same command.

DRAWING LINE SEGMENTS: ADDITIONAL METHODS

The LINE command provides additional options for drawing lines and ending the command:
Close automatically draws another line to the start of the first one.
Undo undraws the last segment.
@ and < draw with relative coordinates and angles.
ENTER continues from the last segment.

RECTANG
The RECTANG command draws rectangles and squares by a variety of methods and in a
variety of styles. This command can draw rectangles with thin or fat lines, tilt them at an angle, and
add rounded or cutoff corners. The primary parts of a rectangle are its length and width:

TUTORIAL: DRAWING RECTANGLES

To draw a basic rectangle, pick two points that define the opposite corners of the rectangle.
1. Start the RECTANG command by one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Rectangle button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the rectang command.
Command: rectang (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the aliases rec or rectangle at the Command: prompt.

2. Pick a point for one corner of the rectangle, such as the lower-left corner:
Specify first corner point or[Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:(Pick point 1.)

3. And pick a point for the opposite corner:

Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: (Pick point 2.)

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING RECTANGLES

The RECTANG command provides additional options for drawing rectangles:
Dimensions specifies the width and height of the rectangle.
Area specifies the area and one side of the rectangle.
Rotation specifies the angle of the rectangle.
Width specifies the width of the four lines making up the rectangle.
 Elevation draws the rectangle a specific height above the x,y-plane.
Thickness draws the rectangle with a thickness in the z-direction.
Fillet rounds off the corners of the rectangle.
Chamfer cuts off the corners of the rectangle.
POLYGON
The POLYGON command draws regular polygons, from 3 to 1,024 sides.
With this command, you can draw equilateral triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, octagons, and
the like. AutoCAD draws polygons from polylines, so you can change their widths with the PEDIT
command.
Polygons are constructed by any of three methods. By specifying the length of one edge, the polygon
is defined, because all lengths are the same. By fitting it inside (inscribed within) or outside
(circumscribed by) an imaginary circle, the polygons size is defined by the circles radius. The
primary parts of polygons are its vertices, edges, radius of inscribed circle, and center point. As
illustrated below:

In drawing regular polygons, the word circle is used, because each vertex is the same distance
from the center point just like every point on a circles circumference.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING POLYGONS

1. To draw regular polygons, start the POLYGON command by one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Polygon button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the polygon command.
Command: polygon (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the pol alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Specify the number of sides. For example, enter 3 for a triangle, 4 for a square, 5 for a pentagon, and
so on.
Enter number of sides <4>: (Enter a value between 3 and 1024.)

3. Pick a point for the center of the polygon:

Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: (Pick a point.)

4. Decide if the polygon fits inside (is inscribed within) or outside (circumscribes) an imaginary circle:
Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: (Type I or C.)

5. Specify the radius of the circle, which determines the size of the polygon:
 Specify radius of circle: (Enter a radius, or pick a point.)

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING POLYGONS

The POLYGON command provides options for drawing polygons:
Edge defines the polygon by the length of one of its edges.
Inscribed in circle fits the polygon inside an imaginary circle.
Circumscribed about circle fits the imaginary circle inside the polygon.

CIRCLE
The CIRCLE command draws circles by several methods. The important parts of the circle
are its center point, the radius or diameter, and its circumference.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING CIRCLES

1. To draw circles, start the CIRCLE command by one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Circle button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the circle command:
Command: circle (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the c alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Pick a point for the center of the circle:

Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: (Pick point 1, or enter
x,y coordinates.)

3. Enter the radius of the circle:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: (Specify the radius, or pick point 2.)

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING CIRCLES

The CIRCLE command provides additional options for drawing circles:
Diameter draws circles based on a center point and diameter.
2P draws circles based on two diameter points.
3P draws circles based on three points along the circumference.
Ttr (tan tan radius) draws circles touching two tangent points and a radius.
Tan, Tan, Tan draws circles touching three tangent points.
 ARC
The ARC command draws arcs by a variety of methods. An arc is a portion of a circle.
Like a circle, an arc has a center
point and a radius (or diameter). Like
lines, arcs have starting and ending
points. The parts of an arc are shown
below:

AutoCAD constructs arcs by many methods. This flexibility allows you to place arcs in many
different situations.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING ARCS

1. To draw arcs, start the ARC command by one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Arc button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the arc command:
Command: arc (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the a alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Pick the starting point of the arc:

Specify start point of arc or [Center]: (Pick point 1.)

3. Pick a point that lies on the arc:

Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: (Pick point 2.)

4. Pick a point at the end of the arc:

Specify end point of arc: (Pick point 3.)
You can pick points in the drawing, or enter x,y coordinates. The arc drawn here is called the three-
point arc.

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING ARCS

 The ARC command provides additional options for drawing arcs. Several of the variations are
similar; thus, some of them are grouped together:
Start, Center, End constructs arcs from the start, center, and endpoints.
Center, Start, End constructs arcs from the center, start, and endpoints.
Start, Center, Angle constructs arcs from the start and center points, and the included angle.
Center, Start, Angle constructs arcs from the center and start points, and the included angle.
Start, End, Angle constructs arcs from the start and endpoints, and the included angle.
Start, Center, Length constructs arcs from the start and center points, and the chord length.
Center, Start, Length constructs arcs from the start, center, and endpoints.
Start, End, Radius constructs arcs from the start and endpoints, and the radius.
Start, End, Direction constructs arcs from the start and endpoints, and the direction.
Continue continues the arc tangent to a line or another arc.

DONUT
The DONUT command draws circles with thick walls and solid-filled circles. These kinds of
circles are useful for PCB (printed circuit board) designs.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING DONUTS

1. To draw donuts, start the DONUT command by one of these methods:
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Donut button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the donut command:
Command: donut (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the doughnut alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Enter a value for the donuts hole, its inside diameter:

Specify inside diameter of donut <0.5000>: (Specify value, or pick two points, 1.)

3. Enter a value for the outside of the donut:

Specify outside diameter of donut <1.0000>: (Specify value, or pick two points, 2.)

4. Pick a point to place the donut.

Specify center of donut or <exit>: (Pick point 3.)

5. This command repeats until you exit the command. Press ENTER to end it:
Specify center of donut or <exit>: (Press ENTER to exit command.)

PLINE
The PLINE command draws polylines. The PLINE command draws polylines, perhaps the
most unique and flexible object created by any CAD program.
A polyline is a single object that consists of connected lines and arcs. It can be curved, splined, and
open or closed (like an irregular polygon). You can specify the width of each segment, or give each
segment a tapered width.

TUTORIAL: DRAWING POLYLINES

1. To draw polylines, start the PLINE command.
 In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Polyline button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the pline command.
Command: pline (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the pl alias at the Command: prompt.

2. Pick a point from which to start drawing the polyline:

Specify start point: (Pick a point.)

AutoCAD reminds you of the current line width, which is 0, unless you change it with the
Width option: Current line-width is 0.0000
3. Pick the next point, or select an option:
Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (Pick a point, or enter an
option.)

4. Continue picking points, and then press ENTER to exit the command:
Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: (Press ENTER to
exit the command.)

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING POLYLINES

The PLINE command provides additional options for drawing polylines:
Undo removes the previous segment.
Close draws a segment to the start point.
Arc switches to arc-drawing mode.
Width specifies the width of the polyline.
Halfwidth specifies the halfwidth.
Length draws a tangent segment of specific length.

ELLIPSE
The ELLIPSE command draws ellipses and elliptical arcs.
Ellipses are elongated circles drawn with two diameters called axes. The major axis is the longer
axis; the minor axis, the shorter.

An ellipse is sometimes referred to by its rotation angle. A circle is an ellipse that has not been
rotated: its rotation is zero degrees; the major and minor axes have the same length. An ellipse is a
 circle that is rotated, or viewed at an angle. For instance, tilt this page away from you and the circle
looks like an ellipse. A 40-degree ellipse is a circle that has been rotated by 40-degrees about the
major axis. AutoCAD allows you to specify ellipse rotations between 0.0 (a circle) and 89.4 degrees
(a very thin ellipse).

TUTORIAL: DRAWING ELLIPSES

1. To draw ellipses, start the ELLIPSE command.
In the ribbons 2D Home tab, choose the Ellipse button in the Draw panel.
Or, at the Command: prompt, enter the ellipse command.
Command: ellipse (Press ENTER.)
Alternatively, enter the el alias at the Command: prompt.
2. Pick a point to indicate an endpoint of one axis.
Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: (Pick point 1.)

3. Pick another point for the other end of the axis.

Specify other endpoint of axis: (Pick point 2.)

4. Show the half-distance to the other axis.

Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: (Pick point 3.)

ADDITIONAL METHODS FOR DRAWING ELLIPSES

The ELLIPSE command contains options that provide additional methods for drawing ellipses:
Center starts with the center point of the ellipse, followed by the axes.
Rotation starts with the rotation angle about the major axis.
Arc constructs an elliptical arc.

Tip Of The Week: Keeping the UCS icon in its place

By default, AutoCAD always displays the UCS icon at the drawing origin (0, 0), in the bottom left-
hand corner of the drawing area.

If you find the UCS icon distracting when it's floating in the middle of the screen, you can force it to
be displayed in the bottom left-hand corner using the ucsicon command.
Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] <ON>:
Use the "Noorigin" option to force the icon into the bottom left corner.

Explore: other object commands in the Draw panel & their use.

Exercise:
1. Draw Figure A using various options of the LINE and CIRCLE commands. Use absolute, relative
rectangular or relative polar coordinates for drawing the triangle. The vertices of the triangle will be
used as the center of the circles. The circles can be drawn using the Center and Radius, Center and
Diameter, or Tan, Tan, Tan options. (Height of triangle = 4.5 X sin 60 = 3.897.) Do not draw the
dimensions; they are for reference only.
 Figure A

2. Draw an arc using the St, C, Ang option. The start point is (6, 3), the center point is (3, 3), and the
angle is 240-degree.

3. Make the drawing shown in Figure B. The distance between the dotted lines is 1.0 unit. Create the
radii by using the arc command options indicated in the drawing.

Figure B

4. Figure C shows a rectangle in the form of a square with hexagons along each edge. Using the
Dimensions prompt of the Rectangle tool construct the square. Then, using the Edge prompt of the
Polygon tool, add the four hexagons. Use the Object Snap endpoint to ensure the polygons are in
their exact positions.
 Figure C

5. Using the Ellipse and Arc tools construct the drawing Figure D.

Figure D