Business-to-business white paper

December 2008

B2B innovation with IBM WebSphere

Partner Gateway leveraging SOA
and BPM

By
Jai Singh Arun
Mohan Annamalai
Shaji Balakrishnan
Sreedhar Janaswamy
Steven Koehler
(IBM WebSphere Software Group)
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Table of Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 3
How IBM’s B2B solutions approach enables innovation and business value ............ 4
IBM WebSphere Partner Gateway is an integrated B2B environment ........................... 6
Partner community management is the core of partner integration ................................ 7
Secure communication beyond the enterprise ................................................................................ 8
Integration and transformation across heterogeneous IT environment ......................... 10
B2B Integration empowered by SOA and BPM is the future of multienterprise
integration ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
An innovative approach for B2B integration enabling flexibility and reducing
cost: A scenario example .............................................................................................................................. 16
Summary .................................................................................................................................................................... 19
For more information ......................................................................................................................................... 20
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Introduction
“Eighty-five percent of CEOs plan to partner to capitalize on global integration opportunities—
more than half plan to do so extensively. We also found that outperformers are 20 percent
more likely to partner extensively than underperformers. This reinforces what was discovered in
the last CEO Study: extensive collaborators outperform their competitive peers.”—IBM Global CEO
Study 2008.

As companies are forced by market drivers to become globally integrated enterprises, they increasingly
need to expand their ecosystems with more and more partners. This expansion increases the need for
channel integration. Business-to-business (B2B) projects play a critical role in channel and partner
integration with a fundamental challenge of seamless, secure and reliable integration across a
multienterprise value chain. Multienterprise data, process and application integration needs are rapidly
growing, and so B2B projects are proliferating.

The IT user’s challenge is to consistently manage a B2B abstract layer in a multienterprise integration
environment to quickly support new, emerging and proliferating transport and communication protocols,
standards, and integration technologies as required to support dynamic business needs. Primarily,
customers are looking for the following value from a B2B integration provider:

● A single, cost-effective, easy-to-use package based on a powerful management-by-exception paradigm

that reduces ongoing operational costs
● A B2B gateway that allows modular configuration and reusable building-block approaches,
delivering large-scale, rapid onboarding of trading partners, low maintenance and strong return on
investment (ROI)
● An architecture that delivers scalability for both small- and large-scale implementations, supporting
mission-critical business processes with automated enablement and comprehensive event support,
delivering extreme scalability for even the most demanding workloads, full extensibility and broad
interoperability—validated in many small and large innovative deployments across the globe
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These critical needs arise from recent business and market dynamics such as supply chain integrations,
mergers and acquisitions, or spin-offs. As departments increasingly consolidate trading partners into their
processes, information exchange is exploding. Data transfer size and frequency are growing at a rapid pace.
The need for B2B Integration is crucial for a multienterprise business process platform (ME-BPP). A B2B
solution is a critical component of any IT portfolio that addresses a multienterprise integration strategy.

How the IBM B2B solution approach enables innovation and business
value
IBM’s approach to B2B solutions is influenced by our customers’ needs and feedback, market trends,
the evolution of standards and technology, customer buying patterns and the input of leading analysts.
IBM also aims to align its B2B solutions with the IBM business process management (BPM) and
application integration (AI) components of our service oriented architecture (SOA) offerings. This approach
ultimately influences how we define our strategy for our B2B solution. IBM’s focused strategy and
investment for B2B solutions is based on these key factors:

● B2B needs are increasingly driven by a need for flexibility and agility to support continuous business
model innovation. As part of the need for companies to embrace this “flat world” model, companies
are expanding the partner ecosystem to support their core processes.
● B2B Integration is an integral part of SOA-based integration platforms, where the distinction between
application-to-application or A2A (intraenterprise) and B2B (interenterprise) communication blurs
over time. An increasing number of common infrastructure services (for example, transformation,
process execution, registries, directories and Internet standards) are being shared and reused by
developers.
— This is in contrast to a historical paradigm where organizations have implemented B2B
capability as an entirely stand-alone, edge-of-the-enterprise function.
— This is consistent with SOA to enable consistent description and connectivity among dissimilar
existing applications using a common metadata framework. (SOA is also backward-compatible,
evolutionary, intelligent, sustainable middleware that can allow enterprises to better track and
leverage existing assets.)
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— Existing B2B standards will evolve to make even stronger use of XML, Web services and other
Internet standards. Business process solutions supporting B2B interactions will increasingly be
described and exposed through Web service interfaces to support noninvasive interoperability
with trading partners. This is very similar to how A2A interactions are described.
— IBM expects more B2B standards in various industry verticals that have been historically
message-based. These standards will evolve to embed business process and rules intelligence. We
see this happening with Web Services Interoperability Organization (WS-I) profiles, Electronic
Business using eXtensible Markup Language (ebXML) message handling (with action headers)
and chemical industry data exchange (CIDX) messages and continuing to mature within
RosettaNet Partner Interface Processes (PIPs).
● B2B Integration is very process-conscious, where customers connect internal processes with B2B flows
as part of the enterprise BPM platform and standardize on common standards such as Web Services
Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL) and Web services. These connections can include
the modeling of existing electronic data interchange (EDI) and XML messages, where process logic
and business rule relationships can be created between purchase orders and invoices, and where rules
associated with timeliness, cardinality (one-to-many relationships between messages), as well as roles
and responsibilities of trading partners, can be defined and enforced. This trend builds upon and
extends process-conscious B2B exchanges such as PIPs pioneered by RosettaNet from UML models.
● B2B Integration includes several components:
— Connectivity services
— Industry standards (AS1, AS2 and AS3)
— Nonrepudiation of data
— Transformation services (EDI, for instance)
— Process execution capabilities (B2B protocols)
— Integration (with internal processes, systems and people)
— Monitoring capabilities at the business level and the IT level
— Trading partner management and governance over trading partner relationships
● B2B Integration extends BPM beyond the enterprise to a company’s network of partners. The
IBM WebSphere® Partner Gateway solution provides the structured partner management and
governance for this interaction as B2B and BPM dependencies become stronger.
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IBM’s leadership, through our knowledge and long history of expertise in the B2B sector, allows us to
deliver a comprehensive and differentiated B2B solution called WebSphere Partner Gateway.

IBM WebSphere Partner Gateway is an integrated B2B environment

WebSphere Partner Gateway is a complete set of integrated B2B capabilities, in a single, cost-effective,
easy-to-use package. The solution is based on a powerful management-by-exception paradigm that reduces
ongoing operational costs. WebSphere Partner Gateway provides these benefits:

Its community management paradigm uses an SOA-based, modular approach based on reusable building
blocks with partner self-service capabilities. This approach delivers large-scale, rapid onboarding of trading
partners, low trading-partner maintenance costs and strong ROI.

1. Its SOA-based extensibility framework delivers the flexibility required for applications that can range
from large-scale, innovative, global B2B implementations to “niche” gateway applications.

2. Its SOA architecture delivers comprehensive, event-based BPM integration, extreme scalability even
under the most demanding workloads and broad interoperability—as validated in large, innovative
deployments across the globe.

Figure 1: WebSphere Partner Gateway: a highly scalable, components-based integrated B2B environment
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The current customer adoption of IBM B2B solutions has expanded well beyond our earlier focus on
RosettaNet and supply chain management processes (order management, purchase and planning
management and inventory management) to varied business areas across every major industry. These
include banking, telecommunications, airlines, cargo, insurance, education, health care, logistics and high-
tech manufacturing.

Partner community management is the core of partner integration

Today’s B2B trading partners expect easy onboarding, self management, granular security settings,
operational reporting, simulation and alerting capabilities from the community. WebSphere Partner
Gateway scores high in each of these areas. WebSphere Partner Gateway is configured using an object-
oriented, modular building-block approach, implemented in an intuitive, Web-based graphical user
interface. The XML-based import/export facility enables rapid onboarding of trading partners in large
volume with minimal effort.

The WebSphere Partner Gateway console is reserved for authenticated users only. Trading partner users
securely log in to the console through a Web browser using their user name and password. Each trading
partner has administrator group users who manage the permission of the other user groups. Trading
partners can manage the certificates that can be configured at the partner, protocol and connection level.
The WebSphere Partner Gateway console ensures confidentiality by allowing trading partners to view only
the documents that were sent or received by them.

Reporting tools in WebSphere Partner Gateway display document information, including payload details,
volume and status, such as overdue EDI functional acknowledgements. WebSphere Partner Gateway
provides a generic document viewer and process-specific viewers for Autonomous System (AS), RosettaNet
and ebMS. This support offers users a wide range of search options so that they can easily locate the
intended business document. Process-related viewers provide specific information for AS, RosettaNet
Implementation Framework (RNIF) and ebXML documents. The document viewer also helps users find the
events associated with any related documents. WebSphere Partner Gateway offers a simple resending option
through the user interface (UI) for the failed documents, which can also stop processing if needed.
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Extensive alert and event management capabilities provide standard and trading partner-specific alerts,
based on any of over 300 standard WebSphere Partner Gateway events—or an unlimited number of user-
defined events. Alerts can be based on items such as technical events, business events, volume deviation,
field ranges and more. An alert can also trigger an internal or external Web service, allowing for the
direct invocation of diagnostic or remedial bilateral Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) flows,
collaborative Web services at a trading partner and similar responses. Because WebSphere Partner Gateway
events are generated for both positive and negative events, you can define powerful and innovative process-
collaboration patterns specific to your trading partners.

WebSphere Partner Gateway has strong simulation features that are useful for enterprises before
deploying into production. The RosettaNet Simulator works through the UI to help simulate real-life
RosettaNet document traffic. One trading partner can ping the other ebXML trading partner to get the
response and also test the HTTP destinations of other trading partners.

Secure communication beyond the enterprise

Every enterprise interacts with its customers, trading partners and suppliers, often exchanging sensitive
business data. They use different communication infrastructures, such as private value-added networks
(private VANs) or public domain Internet. On top of this infrastructure, every business uses different basic
communication transports to transfer their business documents between trading partners, customers and
suppliers and to their own back-end applications. In this way, they can provide a real-time view of their
business transactions to this ecosystem of enterprise, customers and partners.

As the B2B integration enables the information that is available to your partners in real time, it should
also ensure that the information exchanged is protected from all kinds of security exposures. Here are
examples of security requirements for business data exchanged between partners:

● Confidentiality: Data should be read only by the intended partner and should not be read by any
other party.

● Identification and authentication: Data should be received only from a known sender.
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● Authorization: The sender or the user should be able to perform only the functions that the user
authorized.

● Nonrepudiation: There must be a way to verify that the data is sent only by the sender and not by
anyone else. Also, the sender should not be able to deny sending the data.

A business protocol defines the process, structure and rules of how business documents are exchanged
between trading partners. The business document can be in any format, such as EDI, XML or binary. The
business documents are exchanged between the trading partners over the available communication
channels, adhering to the specifications defined by the business protocol. WebSphere Partner Gateway
supports AS1, AS2, AS3, RNIF, Web Services (SOAP), cXML, ebMS, CIDX and PIDX with a wide range of
data formats, including EDI, text files, binary and XML.

However, the majority of general businesses exchange their business documents using common
communication protocols such as HTTP over SSL (HTTPS), FTP over SSL, Simple Mail Transport
Protocol (SMTP), Post Office Protocol Version 3 (POP3) and Java™ Message Service (JMS). The exchange
of B2B documents over the Internet requires strong security. WebSphere Partner Gateway provides robust
security features at two levels:

● Transport level
WebSphere Partner Gateway supports SSL communication using server-based and client-based
authentication. This support is available for HTTPS and FTP over SSL. In addition, basic
authentication over HTTP is also supported.

● Document level
Along with the secure transport, you can also protect the actual document by encrypting and signing it.
WebSphere Partner Gateway supports S/MIME-based encryption, as well as signing using several
encryption and signing algorithms. The user can vary the encryption and signing certificates based on
the partner, package, protocol or document type. WebSphere Partner Gateway also provides an interface
to manage the certificates.
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Users can also configure WebSphere Partner Gateway to operate in a mode with Federal Information
Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 security, often required for interaction with systems owned by the U.S.
government and other regulated industries (such as financial and health care institutions).

Integration and transformation across heterogeneous IT environments

Regardless of the B2B gateway vendor, many B2B implementations require some ability to augment the
function provided. Reasons range from a deliberate strategy to innovate or differentiate at the edge of the
enterprise, to the need to support narrowly used B2B standards. WebSphere Partner Gateway provides an
innovative, SOA-based extensibility framework that enables customers to build, encapsulate, govern and
deploy implementation-specific services as part of their B2B implementation. The service encapsulation
mechanism in WebSphere Partner Gateway allows specialized communication protocol handlers, content
recognition routines, compression or encryption algorithms and other programs to be easily registered,
integrated, deployed and protected through the Web-based console for WebSphere Partner Gateway.

By extending the WebSphere Partner Gateway architecture through plug-ins, users can add custom
functions called exits or handlers at different stages of document processing. Besides adding custom
transports, packages, protocols or document types, users can customize existing transports, packages,
protocols and document types. Figure 1 shows the stages of document processing that can be customized.

Figure 2: Customizing document processing in WebSphere Partner Gateway

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For example, exits can be used for document encryption, decryption validation and transformation. As
WebSphere Partner Gateway receives and processes a document, it can call another program as part of the
possessing.

Services deployed using the WebSphere Partner Gateway extensibility framework need only be defined
and registered once. That’s because the encapsulation mechanism in WebSphere Partner Gateway protects
the customer’s investment in these services from release to release. Configuration and management
parameters for these services are managed by the same WebSphere Partner Gateway services that manage
the functions of WebSphere Partner Gateway itself. So, for example, if a customer uses the WebSphere
Partner Gateway extensibility framework to create support for a narrowly used communication protocol,
the configuration, administration and management UIs will be the same as those used by the natively
supported WebSphere Partner Gateway protocols. This support provides seamless integration and
management of user-developed capabilities, with no impact on the learning curve of B2B administrative
and operational staff.

WebSphere Partner Gateway services can also be stored in and managed by IBM WebSphere Service
Registry and Repository, IBM Rational® Asset Manager and other third-party service registries in order to
deliver the same level of SOA governance for the ”edge of the enterprise” as for internally deployed
services.

Interoperability of WebSphere Partner Gateway with competitive B2B gateways and gateway components
has been validated through third-party interoperability testing (for example, Drummond certification), as
well as large customer deployments with thousands of trading partners across the globe.

WebSphere Partner Gateway provides stand-alone B2B gateway capabilities for standard B2B integration
needs. The solution also provides extended capabilities in conjunction with other connectivity solutions
(such as an enterprise service bus, or ESB) to integrate across various enterprise applications. The
documents that are received by WebSphere Partner Gateway usually need to be processed by one or more
internal applications. WebSphere Partner Gateway can interact directly with those internal applications
using JMS, HTTP or the file system.
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For more complex integration scenarios, it is common for WebSphere Partner Gateway to interact with
an enterprise application integration (EAI) layer, an ESB such as IBM WebSphere Message Broker or
IBM WebSphere Process Server. The ESB can then handle the distribution of incoming documents to one
or more internal applications using either WebSphere adapters or mediation handlers. If an incoming
document needs to be delivered to only one application, WebSphere Partner Gateway can interact with that
application directly.

Figure 3: IBM WebSphere Partner Gateway extending the reach of integration

However, if a document needs to be delivered to more than one internal application based on the content
or the document type, using an ESB greatly simplifies the overall infrastructure. Several connection options
can be used to integrate WebSphere Partner Gateway and ESB servers. When the documents are sent to a
back-end application, detailed metadata can be exchanged over transport headers, which helps in building
flexible solutions.
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Another type of integration is available through the transformation engine, especially with EDI
translators such as IBM WebSphere Data Interchange and IBM WebSphere Transformation Extender.
Documents can be transformed within WebSphere Partner Gateway or at the ESB level. WebSphere Partner
Gateway can validate and generate functional acknowledgments and use a transformation engine to
transform XML and other document formats. These transformed documents are then delivered to internal
applications.

B2B Integration empowered by SOA and BPM is the future of

multienterprise integration
B2B Integration with BPM and SOA is a primary consideration for many multienterprise integration
implementations today, and it will continue to evolve. IBM sees business, IT alignment and business model
innovation as the most important aspects of an enterprise strategy. A need for B2B transaction visibility,
processing and ability to monitor in real time and take rapid actions are requirements now and will
continue to be critical for multienterprise integration environments. This enables B2B Integration to
become a core part of any enterprise’s platform for BPM, business activity monitoring (BAM), application
integration (AI) and SOA.

WebSphere Partner Gateway is based on a highly scalable SOA infrastructure for BPM, leveraging
IBM WebSphere Application Server and integrating with complementary functions in WebSphere and other
platforms. WebSphere Partner Gateway uses WebSphere Application Server Network Deployment to support
consolidated application management—with existing investments, for Web services, and throughout the
BPM and SOA infrastructure. For an overview of the functions provided by SOA, see Figure 4.

The SOA architecture below depicts how partner services are critical to an SOA platform and how and
where it can be integrated into the overall infrastructure.
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Figure 4: B2B as Partner Services is a Critical Component in SOA Architecture

WebSphere Partner Gateway is based on physical component architecture with multiple deployment
options—providing high throughput, near linear scalability and many high-availability options. Multiple
instances of specific B2B gateway components (such as receivers, gateways, document managers,
community consoles and so on) can be dynamically installed and configured on multiple servers
(and dynamically decommissioned) to support rapidly changing or unpredictable scalability and throughput
requirements.
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WebSphere Partner Gateway integrates with the WebSphere SOA infrastructure for business process
management, extending the reach of BPM solutions to secure B2B transactions with trading partners.
WebSphere Partner Gateway supports related middleware services in the IBM Software Group portfolio,
including IBM WebSphere Transformation Extender, IBM WebSphere Data Interchange, IBM WebSphere
DataPower® SOA Appliances, IBM WebSphere MQ, IBM WebSphere Process Server, IBM WebSphere
Business Monitor, IBM Lotus® Forms and IBM WebSphere Application Server.

WebSphere Partner Gateway supports BAM by using the Common Base Event specification to format
events about B2B transactions and then delivering these events to WebSphere Business Monitor,
IBM Tivoli® Monitoring and other third-party monitoring environments. WebSphere Partner Gateway
comes with over 300 ready-to-use Common Base Event definitions for technical and business B2B events,
and it allows users to create their own custom events. These events can be used today with Tivoli
Monitoring for IT-level problem resolution as well as with WebSphere Business Monitor for business
activity monitoring—through business-level dashboards used by line-of-business (LOB) executives and
other LOB professionals.

IBM WebSphere Partner Gateway provides a complete B2B environment that is created by the
intersection of B2B, SOA and BPM capabilities, as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5: WebSphere Partner Gateway at the intersection of B2B, SOA and BPM capabilities
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Example of an innovative approach for B2B integration that enables

flexibility and reduces cost: TradeMerit leveraging WebSphere Partner
Gateway for Supply Chain Management – Software as Services
Solution
TradeMerit is a global international trade and logistics services company providing visibility solutions for
enterprises and their partners into their supply chains. TradeMerit’s solutions provide proactive supply-
chain event management, trade planning and supply chain analytics, and performance analysis. The
company delivers on-demand, business-focused solutions that allow users to effectively manage, thoroughly
plan and accurately measure performance in their supply chains.

TradeMerit’s customers faced many business problems, including:

● Uncertain trade-lane delivery

● Excessive buffer inventory

● Expedited deliveries and premium transportation costs

● Compliance penalties

● Costly manual interventions

● Risky change and optimization

These pain points are felt in a business environment that is highly competitive, with demanding customers,
government regulations, resource constraints, diminishing time to action and lower margins.

TradeMerit’s challenge was to find a highly functional and proven solution to offer supply chain
management to its customers. The solution needed to be highly adaptable and to provide BAM, process
management and B2B functions—all built upon an SOA foundation for the greatest flexibility and lowest
cost deployment. A proven solution with the ability to be operative quickly was very important to
TradeMerit, because this technology would be an asset for a company that makes software services the core
of its business. Because change and evolution is expected for the company’s future growth, TradeMerit
needed its SOA foundation to be highly adaptable and scalable while providing a foundation for the
deployment of new business solutions.
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TradeMerit, an IBM business partner, took less than one year to move from solution investigation and
selection to solution deployment. This speed was necessary for TradeMerit, a start-up company, to get a
solution to market quickly. The speed in which the solution was deployed was also a testimony to the
strength, ease of use and functional richness of IBM technology. IBM was chosen over Microsoft® and
other competitive best-of-breed solutions—such as BEA, Tibco, Oracle and SAP—because the
IBM WebSphere portfolio was the most complete, well integrated and easiest to deploy. TradeMerit
needed software that met its requirements with no need for customization.

TradeMerit offers supply chain management (SCM) capability as a software service to its customers along
with browser-based dashboards and analytic capability.

Figure 6: Sample B2B solution implemented by TradeMerit

As shown in Figure 4, TradeMerit monitors events in the supply chain through IBM WebSphere Partner
Gateway. These events can be in various media and formats including FAX, EDI and messages. TradeMerit
noted that the IBM solution was much more sophisticated than a traditional EDI messaging infrastructure.
This meant TradeMerit’s solution development was simpler and less prone to error. As a result, TradeMerit
could offer its customers a solution that was functionally richer at less cost. Events are passed to
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IBM WebSphere ESB for mediation and routing and on to IBM WebSphere Process Server.
IBM WebSphere Process Server then manages the flow of information and, with IBM WebSphere
Business Monitor, the software performs event correlation and analysis, implements rules, generates alerts
and measures various key performance indicators (KPIs). TradeMerit’s customers can then view various
KPIs and alerts in a browser, using a dashboard that TradeMerit offers as a service to its customers.
IBM WebSphere Business Modeler and IBM WebSphere Integration Developer are the tools used to
construct the various process flows, KPIs and executable programs. TradeMerit’s customers can then
modify alerts and rules and analyze alternate scenarios using the data provided and the dashboard.

During each phase of the supply chain, customers can complete various tasks using the dashboard
provided by TradeMerit:

● Plan
— Establish trade agreements and shipping plans
— Set up KPIs
— Set up operational targets
● Identify operational rules
● Collaborate
— Identify key supply-chain members
— Identify compliance and other certification
— Identify communication channels (EDI, XML, paper and others)
● Measure
— Detect exceptions and trigger resolution process
— Provide real-time performance measurements
— Monitor dashboards and scorecards
● Optimize
— Create alternative scenarios
— Analyze the cost and impact of implementing each scenario
— Optimize the current supply-chain model to reflect new findings
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The IBM solution is the core technology of TradeMerit as a business and delivers the following benefits:

● WebSphere software helped TradeMerit maintain a very aggressive development schedule.

● WebSphere software provides an SOA foundation upon which to build new services and evolve offerings
without discarding what has already been built.

● Functional richness meant that valuable development effort could be spent on solution delivery versus
building infrastructure or middleware services. This richness also reduced complexity, because the
complexity of the middleware was contained in the IBM software.

● WebSphere software delivered a highly scalable solution, which is critical for a growing company.

● WebSphere BPM proved to be consumable and rich in function for a small company.

Summary
B2B integration is evolving and becoming an integral part of the business strategy for most of the
enterprises as they grow their ecosystem with partners and customers. The increasing demand for business
and IT alignment is driving a critical requirement for end-to-end value chain management and visibility.
This requirement fuels multienterprise integration needs beyond the applications and data used by the
processes. As a result, B2B technology must leverage SOA and BPM. Multienterprise integration
capabilities that leverage BPM, BAM and SOA provide the most advanced capabilities to enable IT users
and business users to overcome the challenges of B2B integration.

IBM WebSphere Partner Gateway, an industry-leading B2B gateway software offering, enables greater
flexibility, faster time to value, lower maintenance cost and strong ROI by providing:

● Centralized and secure B2B trading-partner and transaction management

● Extensive support for data formats, protocols and industry standards

● Extensibility framework to support the integration of third-party applications

● Component architecture for high scalability, throughput and availability © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008
IBM Corporation
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● Business activity or process monitoring through events formatted using the Produced in the United States of America
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