Critical Power
Automatic Transfer
Switch (ATS) Withstand
and Closing Ratings (WCR)
The Purpose of Testing and Unit Ratings
GE automatic transfer switches (ATS) If a transfer switch does not have concern over coordination with
have been subjected to an extensive test adequate withstand capabilitysystem some protective devices. UL clarified
program to show that they comply with failure, fire, injury to personnel or the labeling procedure and now
and exceed UL 1008 standards as well as equipment damage may result. A clear allows for three rating categories.
the various performance specifications understanding of the interrelationship Current limiting fuse
used by most government agencies and between the protective device,
major electrical engineers throughout transfer switch and system needs Specific class (trip time) of molded
the world. The primary test to assure is necessary for a well designed case breaker
the dependability of an automatic installation. Some basic information on Umbrella or Any Breaker ratings
transfer switch is its ability to close into withstand rating terms and calculations that take into account all types of
and withstand high fault currents. The follows the enclosed rating charts. molded, insulated case and power
purpose of this publication is to provide circuit breakers; these tests are
basic information on withstand ratings performed for a duration of 3 cycles
and to document the ratings that GE Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is the on units 225 amps and greater, and for
ATS currently holds under UL 1008. independent testing body that has 1.5 cycles on 40-150 amp units (with
developed the standard UL 1008 which an optional 3 cycle duration for units
all major transfer switch manufacturers up to 150 amps; note the three cycle
NFPA 110 Standard for Emergency test to. UL lists products which have rating on 150 amp and below units is
and Standby Power Systems, Section successfully passed a battery of optional as UL has determined that
6.3.2, requires that the capacity and witnessed tests including the withstand all breakers in this size clear in less
rating of automatic transfer switches and close into fault tests described than 1.5 cycles). The Umbrella or
be adequate to withstand the thermal herein. Manufacturers that complete Any Breaker rating is therefore the
and electromagnetic effects of short these tests are then permitted to label actual UL requirement and definition
circuit currents that may arise in their products with the UL mark. of the ATS industry 3 cycle (or 1.5 as
the electrical system. It is important noted) withstand and closing rating,
to be able to compare properly the and should not to be confused with
withstand close rating (WCR) of the UL made significant changes in
April of 1989 regarding the labeling additional, non UL 1008 labeled
switch to the available short circuit withstand only tests.
(fault) current of the system until the requirements of transfer switches.
protective device clears the fault. Prior to that date there had been
RMS Current The Root Mean Square time. Withstand Rating 3 Cycles rms
which is the effective value of an 128,000 amps
Withstand and Closing Rating (WCR)
alternating current. It is equal to .707 ul 1008 test for a transfer switchs What do these numbers mean? They
of the peak current for a sine wave. ability to close into and withstand a mean that a switch was tested at
This is the value referred to when fault current. These are the ratings 128,000 amps rms Sym for 3 cycles;
people say current. which will actually appear on the ul the switch also had a projected peak
Peak Current The instantaneous label of the product. symmetrical current of 140,000 amps
maximum value of currentthe peak for less than cycle and a peak
Short-Time current rating (STR) - UL asymmetrical current of 156,000 amps
current of a sine wave is 1.414 times 1008 test similar to withstand and
its rms value. for less than cycle. The switch has
closing rating but for a time period been tested in a system that has an
Symmetrical Current The alternating up to 0.5 seconds and provides for available capacity of 120,000 amps rms.
current which is symmetrical around the requirement that the switch be
the zero axis of the sine wave. capable of carrying full load current How should a manufacturer rate a
after the withstand and close-on switch? Preferably by submitting test
Asymmetrical Current The data which is reported as outlined
short-circuit events.
alternating current which is not by ul 1008 specifications. This data
symmetrical around the zero axis. note: For diagrams of typical current calls for rms symmetrical readings
wave forms, see Figure 1 and Figure 2. based on specific test parameters.
Peak Fault Current The
instantaneous maximum current Other figures may be misleading.
value that occurs after the start of a
fault in any phase.
400A CJD6
350A SGH
800A MJ
800A NB Tri-Pac
800A CMD6,
HMD6,
HMXD6,
SCMD6,
SHMD6
800A MJ
400A CJD6
800A MJ
800A NB Tri-Pac
800A CMD6,
HMD6,
HMXD6,
SCMD6,
SHMD6
800A MJ
1200A PJ
1600A MASTERPACT
NW
1200A PK
1200A SKP
1200A PJ
1600A MASTERPACT NW
1200A PK
1200A SKP
ZBTS
(OT, DT, CT)
ZTE
(OT, DT, CT)
ZBTE
(OT, DT, CT)
ZTE
(OT, DT, CT)
ZBTE
(OT, DT, CT)
ZT30 1000 85,000 100,000 600V 100,000 Any - Any Breaker 200,000 4,000A
(OT, DT, CT) 1200 (30 cycle) Breaker (Class L)
1600
ATS & BYPASS 2000 100,000
3000 (3 cycle)
Note 1: The Any Breaker rating is not applicable to ZTX and ZTG products.
Note 2: Fuse Rating does not apply to 200 & 225A @ 600V ATS product
Note 3: Fuse Rating does not apply to 100-400A @ 600V Bypass product
Note 4: Fuse Rating does not apply to 600A @ 600V Bypass product
Note 5: For 1600-3000A Horizontal Bypass product @ 600v
UL References:
E23911 : ZTX, ZTG, ZTS, ZTE, ZT3
E67544 : ZBTS, ZBTE, ZBT3
LEGEND