CIPREL, Abidjan
IVORY COAST
INTERNAL
2 March 2017
TECHNICAL NOTE
P.009981
TRACTEBEL ENGINEERING S.A.
Avenue Ariane, 7 1200 Brussels - BELGIUM
tel. +32 2 773 99 11 - fax +32 2 773 99 00
engineering@tractebel.engie.com
tractebel-engie.com
TECHNICAL NOTE
Our ref.: CIPREL5/4FG/0509779/000/03
TS:
Imputation: P.009981/0004
INTERNAL
Client:
Project: CIPREL V
Subject: Technical Specification 400 kV Substation Bakr
Comments:
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
03 2017 03 02 PRL *G. Rogge *M. Gheorghe *V. Beghin *F. Nelis
02 2016 12 14 PRL *G. Rogge *M. Gheorghe *V. Beghin *F. Nelis
01 2016 11 16 PRL *G. Rogge *M. Gheorghe *V. Beghin *F. Nelis
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBSTATION WORKS ................................................. 9
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1.3.1. Location ......................................................................................................... 14
1.3.2. Soil conditions................................................................................................ 14
1.3.3. Seismic data .................................................................................................. 14
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2.15. Three phase earthing switches ............................................................................... 33
3.5. Low voltage power cables and multicore auxiliary cables .................................. 60
3.5.1. General .......................................................................................................... 60
3.5.2. Low Voltage Power Cables ........................................................................... 60
3.5.3. Multicore Cables ............................................................................................ 61
3.5.4. Cable Terminations ....................................................................................... 61
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3.5.5. Identification of Auxiliary Cables.................................................................... 61
3.5.6. Terminal Coloring and Labelling .................................................................... 61
3.5.7. Termination of Auxiliary Cables ..................................................................... 62
3.5.8. Laying and Installation of Cables................................................................... 62
3.5.9. Control Cables ............................................................................................... 62
3.5.10. Metering Cables............................................................................................. 62
3.5.11. Protection Cables .......................................................................................... 62
3.5.12. Earthing ......................................................................................................... 63
3.5.13. Fibre optic cables........................................................................................... 63
3.7. HVAC.......................................................................................................................... 64
6. HV POWER CABLES............................................................................................................. 68
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6.5.1. Factory tests .................................................................................................. 77
6.5.2. Site tests ........................................................................................................ 79
6.5.3. Test reports.................................................................................................... 80
6.5.4. Test equipment .............................................................................................. 80
8.4. Program for inspection and tests within the QCO ................................................ 84
8.10. Inspection reports, test certificates and record of inspection and tests within
the QCO ..................................................................................................................... 88
9. DOCUMENTATION................................................................................................................ 89
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11. MISCELLANEOUS ................................................................................................................. 96
1.1. General
This document concerns the 400 kV substation of Bakr for the connection of
the CIPREL 5 Power Plant to the 400 kV grid of CI-ENERGIES, the Grid
Operator.
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The project shall be developed keeping in mind that an extension of CIPREL-5
is foreseen in the future. The extension will be an additional combined cycle
with, most probably, the same capacity as CIPREL 5. Provisions have to be
foreseen for the future extension.
In order to supply as quick as possible power on the Ivory grid, the gas turbine
will be first operated in open cycle and later in combined cycle when the steam
cycle will have been commissioned.
The power will be delivered on the grid through a PPA signed with the local
operator CI Energy.
The complete set of documents making the Technical Specification provides the
minimum technical specifications and definition of the work to be performed by
the EPC Contractor to provide the Owner with a fully operational installation on a
full turnkey basis.
Accordingly, Contractor has to confirm in his proposal the compliance with these
specifications or has to submit for Client's approval a deviation list if any
equipment, characteristic or functionality not complying with the present
prescriptions.
The principle of the Contract is the turnkey delivery of a functional facility. The
Contractor shall be obliged to supply and install the equipment mentioned in the
following paragraphs.
The Project comprises all of the study services, the installation and civil
engineering works, all of the supplies (including their transport to the site)
necessary for the full completion of the substation, in accordance with the
stipulations of this technical specification, as well as the services and supplies
that are not expressly mentioned, since the specifications in it are indicative and
non-exhaustive.
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The Contractor is expected to know the Grid Operator's practices and
particularities.
The Contractor shall not start any operation on-site without having presented
and received agreement on the detailed planning schedules and coordinated the
various successive operations he intended.
The site conditions shall be used to size the electrical equipment, except if the
Standards (e.g. ISO, IEC, IEEE, ) are more restrictive. In this case, those last
ones apply.
Switchgear, general
Circuit-Breakers
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IEC 62271-110 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear -
Inductive load switching
Instrument transformers
Cable connections
Surge arresters
SF6-Gas
EMC
Enclosure
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high-voltage switchgear and controlgear
Cable connections
IEC 60332 series Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under
fire conditions
If there is a conflict between a code or a standard listed, the more stringent code
or standard is to be considered.
ISO.
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lments de construction et d'ouvrages, (modifi par l'Arrt du 14 mars
2011).
D.T.U. P 06 002: Rgles NV65 - Rgles dfinissant les effets de la neige et du vent sur les
constructions et annexes. (Partie relative la neige remplace par
N84-P-06-006 et complment annexe 1).
The Contractor is responsible for the coherence of the codes and standards
system chosen as reference, especially when codes and standards are from
various origins.
This coherence must be ensured for all civil and structural engineering
throughout design and construction.
The site is a green field of 15ha located about 7 meters above the mean sea
level.
All structures including buildings and their foundations shall be designed for
seismic events as defined in the "Uniform Building Code" Zone 3 and the
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seismic-resistance structuring measures shall be in compliance with the
requirements for seismic fortification intensity 9.
The Bay Control Units and relays shall meet the requirements of the tests
detailed in IEC Publication 60255-21-1 with severity class 1 for the vibration
aspects, in IEC Publication 60255-21-2 with severity class 1 for the Shock and
Bump aspects and in IEC Publication 60255-21-3 with severity class 1 for the
seismic aspects.
The attached single line diagram shows the Power plant substation.
The present 400 kV substation with the power lines to the substation of Akoup
Zeudji fall within the jurisdiction of the Grid Operator CI-Energies; hence, the
infrastructure shall be designed, build, tested, commissioned, operated and
maintained according to the grid operators Design and according to all
applicable CI-Energies standards, procedures and rules.
The execution of the Contractors works has to take into account a very limited
outage time of the adjacent grid elements for the realisation of his scope of
works.
- Two (2) overhead line bays each of them comprising one circuit breaker,
two busbar disconnectors, one line disconnector, the earthing switches,
the instrument transformers (CT's and VT's), the surge arrestors and
counters.
- Two (2) generator bays each of them comprising one circuit breaker, two
busbar disconnectors, one line disconnector, the earthing switches and
the instrument transformers (CT's and VT's) and surge arresters and
counters.
- One (1) bus coupler comprising one circuit breaker, two busbar
disconnectors, the earthing switches and the instrument transformers
(CT's).
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- The double busbar with the associated (disconnectable) VT's and earthing
switches.
- One set of hot dip galvanized steel supports for HV equipment and
busbars including anchor bolts.
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Lightning Protection System.
Set of LV power cables for auxiliary power supplies (within the auxiliary
systems themselves and to all the equipment included in the scope of
supply).
The Civil Works comprising all the studies, supplies and work related to the
implementation of the substation and its connection on one side to the
incoming lines and on the other side to the step-up transformers.
- Supply the necessary information for design of other parts not included in
the scope of work.
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- Allow the correct erection and commissioning operations.
- Obtain any permission/approval from any local authorities eventually
involved according local laws and rules.
Are excluded from the present specification scope and are of the responsibility
of the Contractor as per the high voltage line specifications:
The supply and installation of the anchorage boxes on the line gantries.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and erection of the line gantries for the HV incoming overhead
lines.
Are excluded from the present substation specification scope and are of the
responsibility of the Contractor as per high voltage line specifications:
The supply of minimum one OPGW (with the 400 kV circuits) for tele
protection and telecommunication purposes.
The supply and installation of the descent of the Fiber Optic cable in close
proximity of the junction box.
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The end-to-end testing of the Optical Fibers.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and installation of the Optical Fiber junction boxes on the
incoming line gantries.
The supply and installation of the Optical Fiber underground cables between
the Optical Fiber junction boxes and the Optical Fiber cubicle in the
substation building.
The splicing of the Optical Fibers within the junction box and in the Optical
Fiber cubicles.
The assistance of the Grid Operator during the end-to-end testing of the
Optical Fibers.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and installation of the metering cubicles and any associated
auxiliaries according to the CI-Energies standards.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
Remark
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and installation of the tele protection equipment suitable for
realizing the tele protection scheme.
Remark
- The Contractor has to coordinate with the remote end to deliver similar
equipment.
Are excluded from the present substation specification scope and are of the
responsibility of the Contractor as per telecommunication specifications of the
Grid Operator:
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The provision of the telecommunication equipment suitable for establishing
communications between the installation of the Grid Operator and the
substation.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
Are excluded from the present substation specification scope and are of the
responsibility of the Contractor as per telecommunication specifications of the
Grid Operator:
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and installation of the supporting structures for the cable
terminations at both sides.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
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- The Earthing of the HV neutral of the Set-up transformer according to grid
operator requirements with a current limiting coil and a current transformer
dedicated to the measurement of the neutral current.
The supply and installation of the supporting structures for the earthing
switch and the current transformers and HV-neutral earthing at the
transformers side.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The design of the LV interface between the Substation and the Power Plant.
The supply and installation of the interface and protection cubicle of the
cable connections to be installed in the Power Plant building.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and laying of the two 400/230VAC Power Cables to feed the AC
auxiliaries of the substation from the AC auxiliaries of the Power Plant.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
The supply and laying of the LV cables and Optical Fiber cables to connect
the interface and protection cubicle installed at the Power Plant side to the
cubicles installed at the substation side.
Are included in the present scope and are of the responsibility of the Contractor:
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The supply of the earthing conductors and all accessories for the
interconnection of the Substation earthing grid and the Power Plant earthing
grid.
Realize the cable trenches for the laying of the earthing conductors.
2. EQUIPMENTS 400 KV
Location outdoor
Altitude 1000m
Frequency Hz 50
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Electrical clearances in air (IEC 60071-1/-2)
Inspection and test plans shall be prepared for all major items of equipment,
defining the quality control and inspection activities to be performed.
As far as possible all insulators, fittings and conductor joints and clamps should
be interchangeable.
The design shall incorporate every reasonable precaution and provision for the
safety of all those concerned in the operation and maintenance of the
Switchyard.
All electrical connections and contacts shall be of ample section and surface for
carrying continuously the specified currents without undue heating.
All apparatus shall be designed to obviate the risk of accidental short circuit due
to animals, birds, insects, mites, rodents, micro-organisms.
Where applicable (e.g. for load-bearing), galvanizing shall be applied by the hot
dip process. The thickness of zinc coating shall not be less than 0.60 kg/m on
steel bars, plates, sections and fittings.
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Make part of the Contractor's responsibility:
The supply and erection of the line gantries shall be part of the supply.
The overhead line conductors complete with tension insulators, line tee off
clamps, down droppers, and compression fittings (bi-metallic where necessary)
between the end towers and the line gantries shall be supplied and erected by
the contractor as per overhead line specifications as well as the anchorage
boxes to be installed on the line gantries.
The overhead line guard wires and Optical Guard Wires (OPGW) will be
extended by the contractor as per overhead line specifications up to the line
gantries that shall be arranged to receive the connections. The end-to-end
testing of the Optical Fiber links will be performed by the contractor in
collaboration with the Grid Operator.
The supply and installation of the Optical fiber cable junction boxes on the
line gantries.
The supply and installation of the Optical Fiber underground cables between
the Optical Fiber junction boxes and the Optical Fiber cubicle in the
substation building.
The splicing of the Optical Fibers within the junction boxes and in the Optical
Fiber cubicles.
2.4. Earthing
Refer to chapter 4.
Name of manufacturer
Year of manufacture
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Type
Circuit-breaker
Standards: IEC-Publ.
Country of origin
The switchyard shall be provided with French warning labels and name plates
(in accordance with the Grid Operator standards) subject to the approval of the
Owner or his representative.
All labels and plates for outdoor use shall be of non corrodible material.
2.8. Busbars
2.8.1. General
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Busbars and connections shall be constructed of suitable material and thickness
to withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses due to transients as short
circuits or out-of-phase paralleling.
The design of the connectors from outdoor busbars and connections to the parts
of the equipment shall be such as to permit easy dismantling for maintenance
purposes.
All clamps and other fittings for attaching the connections to the busbars,
switchgear, transmission lines and the bare copper terminals rods on the
bushing insulators shall be provided. All fittings shall be in accordance with this
Specification and joints shall be of approved design. Where dissimilar metals are
connected, means shall be provided to prevent electro-chemical action and
corrosion. Joint surfaces of copper or copper alloy fittings shall be tinned.
All steel structures shall be calculated in order to allow verification of the loads
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and stress induced by the materials attached.
Hammer screws, screws, nuts, spring washers, washers and all the other
accessories for metallic structures and equipment erection shall be considered
and shall be stainless steel or shall have the same treatment of metallic
structures where they are used.
With metallic structures conception, holes for its link to earthing system shall be
provided.
Where indicated by the Owner the metallic structures, on the treatment, shall be
painted with approved colour.
All the metallic structures and safety fences shall be designed in a way to allow
the adjustment of its position to the correct levels and alignments and to
compensate civil construction errors in dimensions, without cutting or damaging
any metallic structure already treated against corrosion.
the HV connectors;
all of the HV bay accessories necessary for the proper execution of the
present Contract;
etc.
The Contractor shall also provide for all of the accessories necessary to connect
the equipment correctly.
2.11. Insulators
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Post insulators shall be capable of being mounted either upright or under hung.
The strength of the insulators, as given by the electromechanical test load, shall
be such that the factor of safety when the insulators are supporting the
maximum working loads shall not be less than 2.5.
The design shall be such that stresses due to expansion and contraction in any
part of the insulator and fittings shall not lead to the development of defects.
All fixing material used shall be of approved quality and applied in an approved
manner.
The factor of safety of the fittings, when supporting the maximum working load,
shall not be less than 2.5 based on the elastic limit of the material.
2.13.1. General
The circuit breakers must be from live tank SF6 gas pressure puffer suitable for
outdoor installation type.
Circuit breakers shall be designed to IEC 62271 and fully tested in accordance
with IEC 62271-100.
All type tests shall be either carried out by independent testing laboratories or
witnessed by independent observers.
The design of the circuit breaker shall be such that inspection and replacement
of contacts, nozzles and any worn or damaged component can be carried out
quickly and easily.
The inherent design of the circuit breakers shall be able to successfully interrupt
at least twenty 100 % fault currents.
When switching capacitive loads and inductive loads currents (IEC 61233), they
produce very low over-voltages.
The sound pressure levels of the breaker during the mechanical operations shall
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comply with the local and national health and safety regulations.
The circuit breakers shall be suitable for at least 10,000 satisfactory open and
close mechanical operations in accordance with IEC 62271-100.
A two-stage low gas pressure alarm and lockout system with local and remote
indications shall be provided on each circuit breaker. The low pressure/density
alarm switches shall instantly provide an instruction to the operator and
subsequently inhibit their further operation until suitable remedial action has
been taken.
The circuit breaker shall be fitted with the necessary transducers to allow regular
monitoring of circuit breaker travel characteristics and all routine and site test
records shall be made available to the Employer for ongoing comparison
purposes. The provision of suitable test equipment for measurement of the
circuit breaker timing cycle is included under this contract.
The circuit breaker shall be fitted with the open/closed position indicators easily
visible from ground level.
The Contractor shall ensure that each circuit breaker provided shall be capable
of making or breaking the magnetizing current of transformers and the charging
current of overhead lines and cables without sustaining any damage or causing
excessive over-voltages.
The mechanism shall fully close the circuit breaker and sustain it in the
closed position against the forces of the rated making current and shall fully
open the circuit breaker without undue contact bounce at a speed
commensurate with that shown by tests to be necessary to achieve the rated
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breaking capacity in accordance with IEC 62271-100. The mechanism shall
be capable of being locked in the open position. (When an auto-reclose
facility is specified, the mechanism shall be capable of fully closing and
opening again after the auto-reclose time interval specified i.e.: performing a
complete O-0.3 sec-CO-3 min-CO duty.)
The mechanism and the connected interrupters shall satisfy the mechanical
endurance requirements of IEC 62271-100 and all additional requirements
specified herein.
Each mechanism shall be fitted with duplicate trip coils and phase
discrepancy indication shall also be provided.
The following facilities shall be provided at each circuit breaker local control
point:
The selector switch shall be lockable in both positions and the control switch
shall be lockable in the neutral position.
Spring Mechanisms
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It shall be possible to hand charge the operating springs with the circuit
breaker in either the open or closed positions. In normal operation,
recharging of the operating springs shall commence immediately and
automatically upon completion of the closing operation and shall be
completed within 30 seconds. Closure whilst a spring charging operation is in
progress shall be prevented, and release of the springs shall not be possible
until they are fully charged.
SF6 density
The circuit-breaker shall include density monitoring of the gas. It shall give
alarms in case of high SF6 density (high stage alarm) and low SF6 density
(1st and 2nd low stage alarms).
For a gas pressure corresponding to the 1st low stage limit, the dielectric
strength and performance of the circuit breaker must still be ensured at the
required and guaranteed values.
Mechanism Housings
Means for locking shall be provided for the doors of each mechanism
housing.
The power supply for circuit breaker will be 127Vdc. The electrical devises
shall operate satisfactorily between the voltage limits of IEC 62271 with the
coils at a temperature of 50 degrees C.
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inadvertently making or breaking one or two phases only, except during
single-pole re-closing. Provisions shall be made for automotive tripping of the
circuit breaker and for a remote alarm indication in the event of any phase
failing to complete a closing operation.
The circuit breaker mechanism shall include operating counters to record the
number of closing strokes.
Unless otherwise specified, each circuit breaker shall be provided with a local
control panel located in a position outside the circuit breaker enclosure.
Means shall be provided to avoid the local and remote control apparatus from
being in operation simultaneously. It shall be possible to mechanically trip the
circuit breaker from the local control panel even though an electrical supply is
not available, unless locked out.
Portable equipment shall be provided, which will enable normal handling and
maintenance of each circuit breaker to be carried out with a minimum of time
and labour. Where one-piece circuit breaker parts of 35kg must be handled in
normal maintenance, special tackle or lifting points shall be provided, which
will enable normal tackle to be used.
Handling equipment shall comply with the applicable regulations for the
design of such equipment.
Each motor drive shall be self-contained and equipped with totally enclosed
heavy duty auxiliary switches with a sufficient number of contacts or other
provisions for dependable interlocking criteria and reliable position indication.
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requirements of IEC 62271-102, and this Specification.
Disconnectors shall be capable of carrying the full-load current of the circuit and
shall be arranged for operation while the equipment is alive.
The minimum total length of air gap between terminals of the same pole with the
disconnect switch open, shall be designed to provide an impulse voltage
withstand level not less than 15 percent in excess of that specified for the
insulation of the substation to earth.
Disconnectors shall be so designed that they shall not open by forces due to
currents passing through it, and shall be self-locking in both the "open" and
"closed" positions.
Means shall be provided at the local control point to prevent the local and
remote control apparatus from being in operation simultaneously.
The operating mechanism shall be located so that it can be maintained while the
disconnect switch is alive.
Earthing switches shall be able to remain alive and in service without being
operated and without maintenance for periods of up to 2 years.
The operating mechanisms shall be arranged for manual operation from ground
level.
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2.17. Interlockings
The Contractor shall provide all necessary interlocks to achieve safe, reliable
and unhindered operation of the switchgear systems.
Interlocking will be provided between all HV equipment within the bay and
between HV equipment and the MV equipment of the plant.
The circuit breakers will also be locked in case of low SF6 density (2nd stage).
The potential transformers shall be of the capacitive oil insulated type. The rated
secondary voltage shall be 110/3 V or 100/3 V depending of the Grid
Operator standards.
All tariff metering shall be supplied from dedicated current and voltage
transformers.
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Alternative proposal can be submitted to the approval of the owner or his
representative.
The design of surge arresters shall generally be in accordance with the relevant
sections of IEC 60099.
The Contractor shall provide details of grading rings that are to be provided. This
shall include details of all materials used and clearances required from grading
rings to earth and to live parts of other equipment.
Surge counters shall be provided and shall be operated by the discharge current
passing through the surge arrester. Surge counters shall be of the electro-
mechanical type and designed for continuous service, they shall be provided
with a facility for continuously monitoring the leakage current.
The surge counter shall be connected to the earth from the diverter in such a
manner that the direction of the earth lead is not changed or its surge
impedance materially altered. A bolted link shall be provided so that the surge
counter may be short circuited and removed without taking the arrester out of
service.
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Outdoor marshalling cabinets shall be used for the LV cabling between HV
equipment and the control and protection cubicles/panels installed in the HV
substation control room.
There shall be one bay unit per bay plus one dedicated to the acquisition of the
general information of the 400 kV substation.
The acquisition capacity of the bay units shall include at least 20 % of spare.
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The information received from the protection relays shall be events and
disturbance records.
The bay units shall allow the control of the switchgears of the bays via a mimic
diagram of the bay at the front of the equipment.
The commands shall be executed taking into account the interlocking, not only
the interlocking related to the bay but also inter-bay interlocking thanks to the
Ethernet IEC61850 network. That means that the GOOSE (Generic Object
Oriented Substation Event) mechanism shall be possible.
There shall be a Local/Remote key on the front of the bay units: this key allows
only the commands from the bay unit when in Local and from the upper level
(Decentralized Substation Control System or Power plant DCS) when in
Remote.
This possibility shall exist only at the front of the bay unit, not from the
Decentralized Substation Control System.
Logics shall also be possible in the bay units such as combination of signals,
automatic sequences,
The equipment used for the constitution of the Ethernet network (hubs, switches,
routers, ) shall meet the EMC requirements described in Part 3 of the
IEC61850 standard.
The HMI is the normal way to supervise and control the substations; the display
at the front of the bay unit constitutes the backup in case of unavailability of the
HMI. The HMI for substation control shall be located in the substations central
building control room.
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A general one-line diagram of each substation.
A detailed picture of each bay from where all the switchgears can be
operated. Each picture shall contain more detailed information (indications,
measurements) related to the bay and also an alarm list and an event list
related to the bay.
A picture with the different components of the system with their status
(operational or not).
Each single point indication shall be definable in the data base as:
The acknowledgement of the list and of the audible alarm shall be two separate
actions of the operator.
The contractor shall describe the different ways to represent the breakers,
disconnectors, earthing switches: shape and colour.
The operator shall have the possibility of switchgear commands, alarm list
acknowledgement after a login on the HMI (introduction of a password).
Measurements.
The HMI shall be constituted of two redundant PC with a flat screen of at least
19 inches and a printer. The PC shall be sufficiently powerful, especially in their
RAM capacity. For example, after a change in the network, the picture shall be
refreshed in maximum 2 seconds. It shall not take more than 2 seconds to
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completely display a new picture. All the operator actions shall be possible from
both PC.
Each HMI PS shall also realize the task of achieving. They shall be connected
both to the Station Unit (where all the data is concentrated), in parallel in order
to monitor each other. On the failure of one HNI PC, the second shall assume
the control of the entire system. When the failed PC resumes operation, the
contents of all messages and process value archives shall be copied back to the
restored PC. This means that the HMI stays fully operational even if one PC
should fail.
A gateway shall realize the transmission of information to the Power Plant DCS.
The communication protocol shall be the IEC60870-5-101. The interoperability
list of the gateway shall be provided to verify the compatibility with the control
centre.
On the HMI, there shall be a software Local/Remote key per bay allowing the
commands of the bay from the Power Plant DCS when in Remote and from the
HMI when in local.
There shall be also an extra software Local/Remote key for the whole
substation.
Introduction
a) The general aim of the protection equipment is to isolate every fault on the
power system with reliability, selectivity and simplicity in the minimum
desirable time. All equipment must remain inoperative during transient
phenomena which may rise during faults, switching or other disturbances
to the system.
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c) All protection relays and associated auxiliary equipment shall be of
standard construction from an experienced reputable and reliable
manufacturer subject to the approval of the Owner or his representative.
d) The protection equipment and battery and charger have sufficient capacity
to be operated with grid black out.
e) The relays offered shall work properly with the batteries and charger
associated to the HV switchyard.
f) The relays offered, shall preferably have the built-in test facility for manual
functional tests.
j) The Contractor shall supply a single line diagram, before any of the
detailed circuit diagrams for the protection scheme of each circuit, which
shall be of approval. The diagram shall include information concerning
control circuits, secondary circuits of current and voltage transformers,
circuit-breaker trip coils, etc... supplies and communication circuits. These
single line diagrams shall be updated whenever modifications are made.
Arrangement of facilities
Relays offered, may be designed in standard 19" rack mounted modules and
installed in cubicles. They may also be fitted to conventional panels for flush
mounting with rear connections. They shall at least protection class IP31
inside an electrical room and at least IP65 outside.
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section and each cubicle shall be well ventilated top and bottom through
vermin proof louvers fitted with suitable screens.
Unless otherwise approved, panels shall be suitable for floor mounting and
shall provide for bottom entry of power and multi core cables (wherever
applicable) via vermin proof plates and fire resistant bushes.
Floor plates of cubicles shall not be used as gland plates for control cable
terminations. Separate removable gland plates shall be provided within the
cubicles and be so located as to provide adequate working clearances for
terminating the cables.
Twenty percent reserve of all types of terminals used for protection shall be
installed with the exception of test block terminals.
All cubicles and panels shall have a continuous earth, run along the bottom
of the panels, each end being connected to the main earthing system. Metal
cases or bases of instruments shall be connected to this bar.
It shall not be possible to operate manually any relay without first opening its
case or cubicle door.
All relays shall be suitable for operation over the design ranges for station
d.c. supplies and CT and VT outputs unless otherwise specified, each relay
or relay function group of solid-state-elements, shall have indicators to
enable the identification of the operated units, faulted phases and zones of
operation. Each indicator, whether of the electrical or mechanical type, shall
be capable of being reset by hand without opening the relay's dust-proof
enclosure.
Unless otherwise specified, tripping shall always be directly from the relevant
measuring relay. If lockout facilities are used, only local resetting shall be
possible. An operation indicator shall be provided which resets when the
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lockout relay is reset and this relay shall be arranged to prevent the closing of
any associated circuit-breakers until it has been reset.
Trip repeat relays shall have operating times which permit relay scheme
operating times within the specified requirements.
The continuous trip circuit supervision relays shall initiate a delayed alarm
after several seconds. This alarm shall operate for loss of tripping d.c. and for
any interruption in the trip circuit wiring.
Every cubicle and panel shall have at the top-left hand corner one easily
visible lamp to indicate that some element in the cubicle or panel has initiated
an alarm. On the station alarm panel, an alarm shall be given which only can
be reset when this cubicle alarm has been reset manually at the panel or
cubicle. The purpose of this is to ensure that operation personnel locate the
correct cubicle or panel for recording relays indications and resetting them.
Where two groups of relays are used to protect a circuit, the VT circuit and
the d.c. supplies shall be arranged so that one group may be switched out
without affecting the performance of the other group.
Four plugs for each type of test plug used shall be supplied per substation.
Relay Setting
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not normally accessible after installation.
Testing of relays
The Contractor shall indicate that the equipment has been manufactured,
erected and commissioned correctly by carrying out approved factory and
site tests. The type of test equipment used shall also be subject to approval
of the approval of the Owner or his representative. Separate schedules for
protection equipment factory and site tests shall be submitted for approval at
least one month before the start of tests. Typewritten copies of the results of
these tests shall be supplied ten days after the tests have been completed.
Where work permits or sanctions for test cards are required, the Contractor
shall give sufficient notice to the Owner or his representative.to allow the
necessary outage to be arranged.
All test equipment required for commissioning and routine testing of the
offered protection equipment shall be listed in the Tender Documents. Where
test equipment is specified, it shall include such injection transformers, test
leads and plugs as are necessary to carry out secondary injection tests on
each type of relay scheme. For the more complex schemes, such special test
equipment as may be necessary to verify the accuracy of timing and verify
the effective operating characteristics of the equipment shall be provided.
Busbar protection shall be stable for a through fault out of the protection zone
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and for switching surges or other transient phenomena which may occur in
the power system. Any secondary component failure shall not cause the
operation of the busbar protection.
The sensitivity shall be such that definite operation occurs for phase-to-phase
and phase-to-earth short circuits, during the minimum short circuit current
values condition, irrespective of the number of circuits in service and
distribution of load and fault currents.
The trip signal of the protections is sent to start the 50BF protection. If the
breaker is not confirmed to be open within a well-defined delay time, the
50BF protection trips the circuit-breakers of the bays which are connected to
the same busbar as the faulty bay.
The protection shall be stable for all through fault conditions and system
disturbances, such as line charging currents, which are not due to a fault
condition on the protected primary circuit.
Means shall be provided to indicate the faulty phase(s) and zones following a
trip operation.
Directional stability of the fully directional zones shall be ensured for all
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external faults.
The equipment shall include a power swing blocking facility that shall prevent
incorrect tripping of the protection during a power swing condition. However,
blocking shall not occur during any system fault that is within the operating
zones of the distance protection. Blocking shall also be inhibited in the event
of an unbalanced fault occurring after the start of a power swing condition.
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Means shall be provided to indicate the faulty phase(s) and zones following a
trip operation.
Directional stability of the fully directional zones shall be ensured for all
external faults.
Means shall be provided to indicate the faulty phase(s) and zones following a
trip operation.
The equipment shall include a power swing blocking facility that shall prevent
incorrect tripping of the protection during a power swing condition. However,
blocking shall not occur during any system fault that is within the operating
zones of the distance protection. Blocking shall also be inhibited in the event
of an unbalanced fault occurring after the start of a power swing condition.
One synchro-check relay (ANSI 25) able to control the closing order sent by
the synchronizing device installed at the Power Plant side.
Duplicated teletripping equipment (ANSI 85) for the generator and step-up
transformer protections actions towards the HV switchyard; they shall use
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Optical Fiber cables as communication media.
As the generator and step-up transformer protections are installed at the Power
Plant side, the Contractor will provide and install at the power plant side an
interface cubicle comprising:
Duplicated teletripping equipment (ANSI 85) for the generator and step-up
transformer protections actions towards the HV power plant substation; they
shall use Optical Fiber cables as communication media.
The step-up transformer differential protection installed at the Power Plant side
shall be connected to the CT's of the generator bay.
In addition, one tele transmission equipment shall be provided at both sides for
the exchange of information between the HV power plant substation and the
Power Plant. Optical Fiber cables shall be used as communication media. At the
Power Plant side, this equipment shall be installed in the interface cubicle.
One redundant energy metering system on each generator bay and on each
line bay with the associated auxiliaries.
Unless otherwise approved, panels shall be suitable for floor mounting and shall
provide for bottom entry of power and multi core cables (wherever applicable)
via vermin proof plates and fire resistant bushes.
Floor plates of cubicles shall not be used as gland plates for control cable
terminations. Separate removable gland plates shall be provided within the
cubicles and be so located as to provide adequate working clearances for
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terminating the cables.
Cubicle wiring and wiring on the frames shall be protected against mechanical
damage when work is carried out inside the cubicles.
Twenty percent reserve of all types of terminals used for protection shall be
installed with the exception of test block terminals.
All cubicles and panels shall have a continuous earth, run along the bottom of
the panels, each end being connected to the main earthing system. Metal cases
or bases of instruments shall be connected to this bar.
All the software licenses and facilities for connecting to each equipment shall be
provided.
3.2.1. General
The Contractor shall provide auxiliary power supply equipment for the 400 kV
substation. The systems shall be designed for a completely independent
operation of the 400 kV substation.
General
Two (2) batteries and two (2) battery chargers shall be foreseen to supply the
d.c. loads.
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The nominal system voltages shall be 110Vd.c. (in accordance with Grid
Operator standards) and the voltage measured at the distribution panel will
not vary by more than + 10 % and - 15 % of the nominal voltage.
The batteries and the charger shall be sized by the Contractor. Battery sizing
calculations shall be subject to the approval of the Owner or his
representative.
Charger
Each battery charger shall be solid state, voltage regulated and current
limited.
Battery charger input will be 3-phase (400/230V - 50 Hz) and output 110Vd.c.
(in accordance with Grid Operator standards).
All battery charger equipment shall be contained in a cubicle which shall form
a complete enclosure constructed of sheet steel not less than 3mm thickness
in a folded way. The cubicles after anticorrosion treatment will be painted in
the manufacturer colour.
The structures of cubicle will be suitable reinforced for support the equipment
and efforts made during transport and erection. Close fittings lockable and
front access door are to be provided hinged so that they may be opened
130.
The cubicle shall be well ventilated top and bottom through vermin and dust
proof louvers.
Floor plates of cubicle shall not be used as gland plate for cable terminations
but separate removable gland plates shall be provided within cubicles and be
so located as to provide working clearance for terminating cables.
Relays and other sensitive equipment shall not be fitted on cubicle doors.
Labels shall be provided on the fixing portion of Terminal Board and on fixing
portions of equipment with the electric reference of each one. All terminals
having a voltage of 230 volts or more shall be shrouded and marked.
Terminals on Terminal Board shall be in accordance with copper cross
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sections and insulation levels of wires to link.
Next to Terminal Board, an earth bar shall be provided for link earth circuits
and the metallic structure of the cubicle. The door of the cubicle shall be
linked with flexible copper conductor to the structure.
The d.c. equipment shall withstand and operate with voltages under the
minimum necessary for the d.c. low voltage alarm and with voltages over the
specified for Manual Range Operation.
All the low voltage equipment and circuits shall withstand a test voltage
of 2 kV-50Hz/1 minute between active parts and earthed parts.
Batteries
They shall be able to deliver the continuous rated load for a minimum of
height hours and then be capable of three closing and tripping operations of
all switchgear without recharging of the battery.
The nominal system voltages shall be 48Vd.c. (in accordance with Grid
Operator standards) and the voltage measured at the distribution panel will
not vary by more than + 10 % and - 15 % of the nominal voltage.
The batteries and the charger shall be sized by the Contractor. Battery sizing
calculations shall be subject to the approval of the Owner or his
representative.
Charger
Each battery charger shall be solid state, voltage regulated and current
limited.
Battery charger input will be 3-phase (400/230V - 50 Hz) and output 48Vd.c.
(in accordance with Grid Operator standards).
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The requirements are the same as the ones given for the d.c. charger.
Batteries
The requirements are the same as the ones given for the 48Vd.c. charger.
The a.c. auxiliary switchboard equipment and busbars shall be able to withstand
the short circuit current available from the source.
one incoming;
one ammeter;
kWh meter;
The d.c. auxiliary switchboard equipment and busbars shall be able to withstand
the short circuit current available from the source.
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Each switchboard shall be equipped with:
one double-pole circuit-breakers for the incoming d.c. supply from the
corresponding charger - battery (main incoming);
one ammeter;
Inside the substation control room, the a.c. and d.c. switchboards shall be
aligned. They shall have the same dimensions and the same construction
details. Beside the rear access door, front access doors and suitable windows
shall be provided to be possible to keep enclosed and to have a physical view
and operational access for circuit-breakers, energy meters and d.c. earth fault
relay.
The design and MCB ratings and quantities shall be subject to the approval of
the Owner or his representative.
All alarms or alarm groups will be retransmitted to the DCS via the bay unit
dedicated to the generalities.
3.2.5.1. GENERAL
The generator diesel group duty is to increase the autonomie of the auxiliary
systems in case of failure of all other AC power sources. Consequently, the
reliability to start of the equipment and the ability to take the load are to be
considered as essential design criteria.
3.2.5.2. POWER
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The diesel generator group shall be sized to start and to supply without limit in
time.
Calculation of the diesel generator group power will consider a spare power of
10%; the calculation note shall be submitted to the owner or his representative
for approval. The proposed nominal rating shall be 400kVA.
The diesel generating unit shall be continuously rated and shall be capable of a
10 per cent overload for 1 hour in every 12 hour period without injurious heating.
The generator must be able to deliver the rated power and temporary overload
power with a power factor of 0.8 (lagging).
3.2.5.3. SPEED
Preference will be given to engine with low revolution speed; 1500 RPM is to be
considered as the maximum acceptable speed.
The critical speed shall not be within the operating speed of the generating set.
Maximum time allowed to start and to be ready to supply the load is 10 seconds.
The diesel-generator emergency group can start when all power sources are
lost.
The engine jacket, cylinder head and turbocharger shall be cooled by a closed
circuit
treated water system. A thermostatically controlled heater shall be provided to
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maintain the water temperature during cold weather standing, and assist starting
if justified to reduce the failure to start probability.
The diesel generator, which may stand idle for considerable periods, must be
immediately available for full load and shall be provided with any special
lubricating oil system features necessary to meet this condition.
The fuel system tank shall have a capacity equivalent to the fuel consumption of
the diesel engine at full load for 24 hours without filling and shall be located
outdoor close to the engine.
Fuel for the diesel engine fuel tanks shall be pumped from the station bulk fuel
oil storage tanks. Low fuel level shall be alarmed.
Power: the generator is sized to operate continuously at the engine rated power
with a power factor not higher than 0,8 (lagging).
Insulation class: the stator and rotor windings shall be of class F insulation,
however temperature rises are limited to those of class B.
The generator will be able to withstand without damage all kind of short-circuit
on terminals up to the fault elimination by the electrical protection.
Terminal box shall fulfil the requirements for the MV motors terminal boxes.
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3.2.6. Automatic voltage regulator
The diesel generator(s) are intended to be controlled and operated either locally
or from the transmission control centre. Start-up, shut-down and loading shall be
possible from the control room. Consequently, the local and remote diesel-
generator set-control board shall include all the equipment needed for the
supervision and the control of the diesel-generator start and run (Voltage and
speed settings, synchronizing facility, output voltage, current, frequency, power,
reactive power, energy meter, excitation control, temperatures, etc.). Particular
attention will be paid to avoid any common mode failure which could limit the
availability of the Emergency Diesel Generator.
3.2.6.2. PROTECTIONS
Each diesel generator set shall be provided with sensors, relays and all
necessary equipment and wiring to perform the protection operations (alarm and
trip) required to avoid damage to the equipment, in accordance with the
manufacturer standard. Protection system shall be designed to provide an
assistance for diagnostic after trip.
3.2.6.3. TESTS
During the test, the load shall be adjustable by the operator. However, the diesel
engine governor shall be designed to limit the power slope to a value which will
avoid thermal shock and anticipated ageing of the engine. A decoupling function
will detect fault in the network in order to isolate the generator.
The diesel generator group test shall be immediately interrupted and the
generator will be instantaneously disconnected from the network in case of
generator trip by electrical protections, without waiting operation of the diesel
generator group own protections, to tentatively avoid overload. After test
interruption, the diesel generator group will stay in operation at rated speed and
off-load, ready for emergency operation.
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3.3. Fault recording
3.3.1. General
Contractor shall provide one common fault recording cabinet for the 400 kV
substation. The equipment shall include pre-fault events and conditions so that
all of measured variables and computed values, required for this review, shall be
stored in memory. The memory shall be arranged to be continuously updated so
that it shall, at all times, contain the readings of each of the measured variables.
The stored values shall be printed out on the printer for fault trip analysis
purposes.
fast fault recording for the analysis of brief incidents (mainly short-circuits
which are eliminated in less than 100ms but may last 2 to 3 seconds);
slow fault recording for the analysis of long incidents (generalized voltage of
frequency disturbance or collapse, incidents with loss of synchronisation
within the network; these incidents last from several seconds to about ten
minutes in general)
One synch box, to synchronize the signals with the station GPS antenna.
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One modem.
Access to the equipment for analysis and printing will be done from remote,
upon request via the modem. However, the equipment shall include all suitable
connectors for downloading records to a laptop and for local printing, if required.
The recording system shall be natural ventilated, for floor mounting and bottom
cable entry, and shall have front access door.
The terminal board shall have the terminals segregated in 5 groups and
equipped with testing devices:
CT circuits.
VT circuits.
Alarm/Status signals.
Auxiliary supply d.c. (in accordance with the Grid Operator standards).
Led and relays with potential free contacts will be provided for alarms and
indications.
digital signals:
- each digital input can start or not the fault recording (selectable);
- start can be executed on the level 0 or 1 (selectable);
- the pre-fault memory on each signal (selectable time);
- the recording time is limited to an adjustable value:
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Trec = T pre-fault + T fault + T post fault
Under voltage:
The fast fault recorder shall have the following main characteristics:
Recording capacity: 20 s.
Under voltage:
Frequency:
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- the recording time is controlled by the adjustable parameters Tmax and
Tpost suited to those starters.
The slow fault recorder shall have the following main characteristics:
3.4. Telecommunication
The signal exchange will be done via the OPGW of the overhead lines, in full
compliance with the system of the Grid Operator, and in accordance with its
technical specifications and relevant regulations. The number and type of
separate links to be provided shall be confirmed in due time by the Grid
Operator.
The Contractor is responsible for supplying all the transmission equipment and
software required for communication in compliance with the Grid Operator
standards.
Remark
For what concern the existing substations of the Grid Operator the
telecommunication system will be installed also by the contractor.
This system will use the HV coupling devices (line traps and capacitive
voltage transformers or capacitive voltage dividers) described in previous
paragraph for what concern the local 400 kV substation.
The system shall consist as a minimum in one PLC system for each line
according the Grid Operator standards including all the necessary devices
and functionality, i.e. data transmission, voice, including point-to-point phone,
digital teleprotection appropriate for OHL, coaxial cables, etc
The devices will be put at disposal of the Contractor by the Grid Operator for
installation in cubicles. The Contractor shall provide the cubicles, the cabling
of all the devices and associated equipment and the installation of the
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cubicles.
Remark
PLC system is used, in principle, for voice and tele protection. Different or
additional purpose could be possible according detailed information
received from the Grid Operator during the project development. In this
case, the Contractor shall comply without additional costs.
FO system
This system will use the OPGW of the overhead lines. The system shall be in
accordance with the Grid Operator standards.
Remark
FO system is used, in principle, for tele protection and tele control of the
substation from the Dispatching Control Center. Different or additional
purpose could be possible according detailed information received from
the Grid Operator during the project development. In this case, the
Contractor shall comply without additional costs.
3.5.1. General
Low voltage power cables and multicore auxiliary cables shall be PE insulated
with a standard number of cores, unarmoured or metallic screened in
accordance with their function. All these cables shall withstand, at least, a test
voltage of 2 kV - 50Hz - 1 minute.
All the low voltage power cables and multicore auxiliary cables shall have
copper conductors and an external sheath colour black of extruded PE with a
radial thickness of not less than 2mm.
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All the metallic screens shall be connected to the earth busbars cubicles, at both
ends of each cable with copper tresses or copper finely stranded flexible wires
of an adequate cross section and adequate press rings or press terminals to be
approved by engineer.
If cables with stranded flexible wires are used, the conductors shall be protected
with press terminals at the connection points.
Each cable conductor shall be labelled with the number of the terminal where it
is to be connected.
No cable shall be permitted to carry more than one kind of information and more
than one level of voltage. So a sufficient number of cables shall be provided
between the different points to interconnect.
Cable schedules shall be made. These will also indicate the signal type and/or
voltage level.
The cores of low voltage power cables shall have colours in accordance with
standard.
The minimum section of the cables used for CT's and VT's are the following:
Current: 4 mm;
Voltage: 6 mm.
Each cable shall have at least 10 % spare cores not used and connected in
terminal boards.
All the cores of multicore auxiliary cables shall have colours in accordance with
the standard or shall be black and identified by white numbers on the insulation
or shall be white and identified by black number on the insulation.
The nominal voltage of multicore auxiliary cables shall be at least 0.6/1 kV.
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3.5.4. Cable Terminations
Cable terminations shall provide reliable and rigid connection, and shall be non-
self-loosening type of design approved by the Engineer.
Modern cable core terminals shall be used for stranded copper conductors, of a
design approved by the Engineer.
Where crimp type terminals are used, adequate procedures shall be in place to
manage the crimping tool to ensure consistency of the crimp.
The cable installation; laying, entering to a box or panel and termination shall be
made to ensure easy identification of all the cable wires, cable numbers and
marks for following the wiring.
Where tails are liable to be in contact with oil or oil vapour, the insulation shall
be unaffected by oil and subject to special approval by the Engineer.
All cables laid in concrete trenches shall be the armoured water-proof type.
Where cables enter or pass through ducts or trenches, adequate space shall be
provided for the later installation of a further 15 per cent (15 %) of new cables.
Openings to floors and foundation pads shall be large enough to allow free
movement of the cable during installation. Trenches and ducts shall be sealed
where they enter a building to prevent the entry of moisture, gases and vermin
into the building.
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Where cables enter a marshalling box, kiosk or panel, cable glands shall be
provided.
3.5.12. Earthing
Cable sheaths and armouring will normally be earthed at both ends. Single point
earthing shall be provided on specific cable sheaths to reduce induction. The
teleprotection and control cables shall be designed, in co-ordination with the
terminal relays, to be immune to pick up levels associated with earth faults in the
station and normal operation of station equipment.
All necessary measures shall be taken to avoid damaging the optical cables.
The protection system used shall need the approval of the Owner.
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3.6. Lighting and power sockets
The present Contract comprises at least:
the supply, installation and connection of the LV panel dedicated for this
purpose.
3.7. HVAC
The present Contract comprises at least the study, supply, installation and
connection of all the equipment required to ensure the heating, ventilation and
air conditioning (HVAC) into the substation buildings.
Drawings of the complete HVAC system and the corresponding calculation note
shall be submitted for approval of the Owner or his representative.
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connection of all the equipment required to ensure the functionality of the
firefighting into the substation building.
4. EARTHING SYSTEM
The cross sectional area of earth co shall be calculated according to the rated
short circuit current of 50kA - 1s. Final temperature of galvanized steel
conductor must be less than 200C. Single connections between equipment and
the earth system must be designed to carry the total short circuit current. If
equipment is earthed via a duplicate connection arranged to form a loop the
cross sectional area of a branch of the loop may be reduced to 50 % of the
corresponding single connection.
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grid disconnected from the earthing grid of the Plant). If this value is not
obtained, the perimeter of earthing grid can be increased by installing directly a
conductor in the form of a ring around the site at a significant distance from the
fence. Alternatively earth rods of hard drawn galvanized steel may be used if the
earth resistivity survey indicates that their use is guaranteed.
One mesh must be provided around the substation control building near the
walls. From each mesh minimum four connections must enter the substation
control building at different points. Two more connections must be provided if
earthing is needed for low voltage equipment installed in other rooms.
Metal parts of all equipment, other than those forming part of an electrical circuit
may be connected directly to the earth system via a single conductor. This is
applicable to the fence doors of the substation area, all metallic structure of HV
building.
The Contractor has to earth all apparatus and structures which are considered
making part of the substation such as rails, buried cable sheaths, insulator
strings without limitation.
4.5. Installation
When painting is provided on steel structures, the Contractor must take care that
earthing clamps will be mounted on unpainted parts of the structure. After
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assembling painted structures, the assembly shall be bridged by a flexible
copper shunt. On galvanized steel structure the copper earth conductor in
contact with the steel structure should be tinned to prevent corrosion.
Earth connection points shall be positioned not less than 300 mm above finished
floor or ground level. Foundation bolts shall not be used for connections to the
earthing system. Where it is necessary to extend earth connections along steel
structures to earth switch bases, etc the earthing shall be fixed by approved
means approximately 1m apart, and where intermittent contact is made with
galvanized steel, the earth conductor (flat bar or cable) should be tinned to
prevent corrosion. When conductors enter masonry or concrete foundations,
they shall be laid in PVC tubes.
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Only when results are acceptable authorization shall be given by the Owner or
his representative for backfilling the trenches.
5. LIGHTNING PROTECTION
An adequate lightning protection shall be provided.
6. HV POWER CABLES
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b) Cable outdoor sealing ends with support for the cable connection to step-up
transformers.
c) Cable outdoor sealing ends with support for the cable connection to the
switchyard.
d) Civil works, anchor bolts, nuts and washers for cable supports,
f) Solid earthing link boxes with/without surge voltage limiters shall be designed
and proposed by Contractor.
- For the site test, coordination with the step-up transformers supplier and
the Contractor and the grid operator has to be organized to define the test
procedures.
c) In case of installation of the cables in air, the links will be protected against
solar radiations.
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protect the links and the people in case of a default on these links. This
protection will be also agreed by the cable manufacturer.
- The Cable Supplier shall specify this temperature in the relevant technical
sheet.
The Contractor shall guarantee that the system and its components proposed
shall be entirely suitable for the conditions of service described herein.
400 kV cables with accessories shall be guaranteed for stable operation over
the entire capacity and for the specific performance guarantees listed in the
Specifications.
6.4.1. Design
The values of the acceptable load in the cables in permanent steady operation
(load factor of 100 %) shall be calculated by the Contractor and shall be
specified by the Bidder in the relevant Technical Sheet.
The transmission capacity of the power link must be designed taking into
account the presence of the parallel links distance.
The transmission capacity of the two cable links must be higher than the
transformer rating in MVA.
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At extremities of the link the cables are protected against solar radiation.
The cables are assumed being suspended in trefoil formation and installed over
95 % of the total routing length in gutters. The sizes of the gutters shall be
calculated and specified by the Contractor.
At road crossings or at any other location which cannot remain open for a long
time, the cables shall be placed in reinforced gutters.
At the extremities the cables shall be placed in the natural soil, the thermal
resistivity of 1,5 Km/W shall be considered. Dry out of the natural soil (of which
the limit is set by the 50C isotherm and thermal resistivity equal to 2.5 Km/W)
occurs to 2m depth. If necessary Contractor and the Engineer will determine
which appropriate measurements are to be taken in order to avoid a possible dry
out.
Additionally, the presence of other thermal sources along the routing must be
taken into account for the design of the cable link.
The above conditions shall be adapted to each of the underground links at the
time these are specified. The calculation of the acceptable loads shall be
performed by the Contractor.
After installation, the calculation of the maximum loads shall be repeated by the
Contractor, taking into account all the modifications and particular points
encountered during installation and measured thermal resistivity values.
The cables are placed in gutters suspended and installed in trefoil formation and
at the extremities directly buried into the trenches.
The cable system will be dimensioned so that the admissible upper voltage level
of the screens is not reached in case of short circuit.
At both extremities for the 2 cable connections outdoor sealing ends shall be
foreseen by the Contractor.
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The power cables will be protected against over voltages with surge arrestors.
At both ends of the transmission link the screens shall be earthed through
earthing boxes mounted on the termination supports. The earthing connection
between termination and earthing connection boxes shall be carried out.
Two (empty) ducts for optical fibres cables (OF-cables) shall be supplied and
placed in parallel of the links. The contractor shall propose how to install these
ducts in the gutter.
Above the trench at the extremities were the cables are layed in the ground,
protection slabs with markings "400 000V" guarantee the mechanical protection
of the cables.
The Contractor shall foresee at both extremities the delivery and installation of a
vertical metallic framework and the necessary mounting blocks for the HV
cables. At least two blocks shall be placed 0.5 m under the termination in order
to ensure the coaxial alignment of the termination and the cable. The number
and distance between subsequent blocks will depend on the short-circuit power
of the network and on the thermal-mechanic behavior of the cables (to be
determined by Contractor). For fixing the cables above ground, the fixing
equipment shall be provided by the Contractor, who shall consider the particular
problems related to the use and installation of the cables (for example:
expansion, stress due to short-circuits).
All cable drums shall be clearly engraved in English and local language as
follows:
a) Name of Manufacturer
b) Type of Cable
d) Voltage
e) Drum Number
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f) Length of Cable
j) Address
k) Direction of Rotation
l) Data of Manufacturing
6.4.3.1. GENERALITY
6.4.3.2. PACKING
All parts shall be carefully packed to ensure their protection against shocks and
weather conditions during their transport and outdoor storage.
All metal parts subject to corrosion shall be protected by layer anti-rust paint or
by air tight plastic sheets. Bags of SILICAGEL shall be placed, in sufficient
number, in cases containing equipment sensitive to moisture.
6.4.4.1. GENERAL
The 400 kV power cable shall be of XLPE type in accordance with IEC
standards.
a) Conductor
The conductor will be dimensioned taken into account the specific design
data's. Conductor will be provided with a longitudinal water tightness.
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The conductor shall be surrounded by 3 layers, an extruded conductor
screening, an insulating layer and an extruded outer insulation screening of
semi-conducting material. The insulation thickness shall be appropriate to the
conductor diameters.
For each type of cable and accessory, the Contractor shall indicate in his bid:
d) Metallic screen
When cable systems are installed in the ground, in a trough on cable tray or
in easily flooded galleries, a radial and longitudinal water impermeable barrier
around the cable is necessary, to avoid the need to replace long sections of
cable in case of damage in the presence of water.
f) Screen earthing
The screens shall be earthed at one or 2 ends. The Contractor shall provide
calculation note for the choice of the screen earthing.
In case of earthing at one end, the earthing grid shall be the same along the
whole links. If not, the continuity between these shall be insured by the
supplying and laying of an ECC.
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The ECC oversheath shall be submitted to the same test voltage as the
power cable oversheath.
The ECC oversheath test shall be performed together with the test on all the
other sheaths, i.e. after the installation of the cable, before the road is
repaired and after completion of the complete underground link.
The outer laminated sheath shall consist of an aluminium tape firmly bonded
with a polyethylene over-sheath. The aluminium tape shall form a closed
metal sheath serving as absolute diffusion barrier against water penetration,
where the outer PE-sheath shall serve as mechanical protection.
Particular care shall be given to the insulating quality of the accessories and
of the oversheath, which shall be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
Anyway, the oversheath shall be marked with the standard inscriptions
(manufacturer's name, voltage, cross-section, year of manufacture, type of
cable) as well as a length mark every metre. This marking will be embossed.
If necessary (cable not in contact with the ground), the cable oversheath shall
be covered with a (semi-) conductive layer to allow after-laying sheath tests.
In principle, this layer shall be extruded.
If needed by the laying conditions and surroundings, the Contractor shall add
specific products in the oversheath (HFFR, anti-rodent, anti-termites, etc.).
The Contractor shall provide and install particular devices in order to ensure
the water-tightness of the cable ends during transport and laying (presence
of water).
The bond connections shall be capable of carrying the normal sheath current as
well as the maximum fault current without undue heating.
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Concerning single-core cable system laid in flat formation, adequate measures
shall be taken in order to decrease sheath losses and to increase the carrying
capacity of the cable system.
The induced voltages at the free ends shall be limited to 65 volts at operating
current conditions.
The Contractor shall take into account that it must be possible to test phase by
phase the insulation quality of the sheath.
Between the step-up transformers and the Air Insulated Substation the cables
shall be laid in a trough, in covered concrete trenches, or duct.
In all cases, the cables have to be protected against solar radiations and will
have sufficient protection in case of a fault in order to avoid lesion on people.
The maximum soil temperature and thermal resistivity of the natural soil is to
comply with the local standards and, at least, with the IEC 60287.
Every cable end of 400 kV power cables shall be sealed and protected in an
approved manner consistent with the voltage level, kind of cable and place of
installation. The spacing between conductors and the earth shall be in
accordance with the applicable Standards.
The sealing ends shall be suitable for outdoor installation. They shall be
constructed to withstand the specified short circuit currents.
The Contractor is obliged to co-ordinate the layout of potheads and sealing ends
with the supplier of transformers and other consumers to which the cables are to
be connected.
In all cases, interface between cables and accessories may not be a restriction
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for the electrical test after installation and oversheath test.
Suitable cable terminations for outdoor use are to be provided for every cable
end, as applicable. The 400 kV cable potheads shall be matched with the design
requirements of XLPE cables.
The potheads shall be of the dry type and be consistent with the cross-linked
conductor insulation of the cables.
All cable terminations must be able to withstand the specified design short circuit
current, without any damage.
The Contractor shall detail the method of terminating the cable and of earthing
the sheaths.
The outdoor type cable sealing end bases shall be insulated from the structural
steel work.
All terminations shall be made by using stress control cones. They shall consist
of prefabricated epoxy, silicone rubber, ethylene-propylene rubber or ethylene-
propyleneterpolymer rubber and joined to the cable afterwards or of stress
control cones molded in one piece together with the cable insulation or made of
crepe paper (elastic paper method) or of self-vulcanizing insulation tapes. The
stress control cone material should have the same thermal expansion coefficient
as the cable. The sealing ends shall be filled with high viscosity polyisobutylene,
silicone oil, or equivalent and suitable expansion device shall be provided.
a) All the test and inspection for the Contractor's equipment shall be conducted
in accordance with the applicable codes and standards, including prudent
practices.
b) For the purpose of carrying out the tests described below, the accessories
and the cable shall be identified.
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6.5.1. Factory tests
a) The Contractor shall prepare and submit to the approval of the Owner or his
representative the factory test and inspection procedures/plan for approval.
b) When witness testing is required, the test required shall be signed by the
Owner or his representative unless waived in writing, and the equipment shall
not be shipped until it has been approved for shipment by the Owner.
d) The Contractor shall conduct required test & inspection and reassemble
components prior to shipment in accordance with the applicable codes and
standards.
e) If the results of factory tests indicate that the equipment fail to comply with
the performance guarantees, the Contractor shall immediately proceed with
developing proposed equipment modifications to obtain the guaranteed
performance. Proposed modifications shall be subject to the Owner's or his
representative's review and acceptance prior to implementation.
Modifications which do not comply with the Specifications will not be
accepted.
The Supplier may .submit with their offers a certificate from an independent
testing station to demonstrate that his equipment (and its component parts)
has been fully tested in accordance with IEC 62067.
h) Cable and accessories tests
The Supplier shall proposed a complete test program for approval on basis of
IEC 62067.
Ageing tests.
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- Type tests for 400 kV Cable and their accessories.
Generally, the standard of IEC 62067 shall be applied. In addition, the
following shall be performed:
Tan measurement.
Voltage test.
Conductor examination.
Measurement of capacitance.
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- Prequalification test on complete cable system.
The prequalification test shall comprise the electrical tests on the
complete cable system.
Note
After installation of the 400 kV Cable according to IEC 62067, In addition, the
following shall be performed:
b) Capacitance test;
e) U0 a.c. voltage test for 24h: The test shall be coordinated with the Step-up
Transformers supplier.
Above type tests may be waived if satisfactory type test certificates will be
submitted before performance of routine and special testing at the factory.
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The Contractor is assumed to possess all the necessary test equipment as well
as the equipment to detect possible faults.
At the Owner's or his representative's request the Contractor shall supply the
documents giving proof that the used measuring instruments have been recently
calibrated by an officially recognized inspection organisation.
7. CIVIL WORKS
7.1. General
All of the Civil works necessary for the installation of the equipment of the
present Contract are part of the current Contract. The Contractor shall also
deliver the Civil component necessary for the implementation of the project such
as the cable ducts, the cable trenches, the buried earthing system, the site
finishing works, the installation of the optical fiber cables, the substation building,
etc. (non-exhaustive)
The Contractor shall ensure the rehabilitation of the site, or other backfill area
following excavation of trenches, removal of soil, etc
The Contractor shall also ensure the careful adjustment of the metal structures
and the equipment supports in the foundations prior to embedding.
7.2. Description
The Civil Engineering works included in the Project shall include at least all the
studies, supplies and work related to the substation implementation, in particular
(non exhaustive list):
the site survey and the soil tests;
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the levelling of the site;
earthworks;
the substation buildings that contains, the control cubicles, the protection
cubicles, the telecommunication equipment, the a.c. and d.c. distribution
panels, rectifiers, batteries, ;
the construction of the foundations for the line gantries, the steel structures,
the equipment support frames, including those at the transformer zones;
the digging of trenches and excavations for the laying of the 400 kV cables
between the 220 kV substation and the transformers zones;
the digging of trenches and excavations for the laying of the optical fiber
cables between the 400 kV substation and the incoming lines entrance zone;
the fences for segregating HV switchyard (about 15ha) area and relevant
gate for access;
the Civil engineering layout drawings for the whole substation including: the
layout and the access and circulation roads, the control building , and the
main levels (platform, etc.);
the civil engineering studies and drawing for the foundations and gutters;
etc.
The Btiments de commande will have at least the following rooms (non-
exhaustive list):
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telecommunication room.
battery room.
meeting/office room.
storage room.
sanitary room.
etc.
The Contractor shall supply a false floor (or equivalent solution approved by the
Owner or his representative).
7.4. Miscellaneous
The following additional systems shall be provided and integrated in the Civil
Works:
Lift (if required) or equivalent system for moving panels and materials at
second floor.
HVAC system for the building, all manned rooms will be air conditioned, other
rooms will be ventilated.
The list here above is not intended to be limitative, and shall be integrated by
Supplier with all the required systems and material (even if not clearly listed in
this document.
8.1. General
The Contractor shall bear the costs of the organisation of the factory tests on the
equipment mentioned previously.
This includes all of the costs (accommodation, meals and per diem) during the
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tests and transport from Cte D'Ivoire to the location where the tests will be
carried out for three representatives of the Owner.
In particular, inspection and testing shall include all tests and inspections as
called for in the applicable codes and standards as well as those specifically
requested in the specifications.
etc.
The program shall indicate precisely the number and schedule of tests the
Contractor intends to carry out.
For each test, the program shall be completed by test procedures detailing:
testing method;
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For erection and site tests activities, the test procedures for all the Plant shall be
submitted to the Client's comments two (2) months before commencement of
the first site erection activities and/or test.
In particular, it shall:
inspect for possible transport damages and if any, prepare and submit repair
procedures to the Client for comment;
organize and witness all inspection and testing on site and issue test certifi-
cates.
These tests shall be carried out in accordance with the protocols described in
the corresponding IEC standards.
Test at manufacture's work shall comprise type tests and routine tests.
These tests are in general those detailed in the IEC, which pertain to the
equipment being tested. Type tests are to prove the general design of the
equipment and the manufacturer may submit test certificates of tests, which
have been carried out on identical equipment. Notwithstanding any provision
in an IEC the inspector shall have the right to accept such certificate in lieu of
the specified type test or to reject them.
The type test prescribed shall be carried out in all cases where such
certificates are not available or are rejected.
Unless otherwise stated, type tests when called for shall be made on
equipment which has previously passed its routine tests.
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(b) Routine Tests
Routine tests should be carried out on the following specific equipment and in
accordance to the latest issue of IEC specifications.
All materials used shall be subjected to and shall withstand satisfactorily such
routine tests.
The Owner or his representative reserves the right to schedule a visit during
this phase to ensure that the equipment shall meet its expectations at the
time of the tests.
Comprehensive functional tests shall be carried out and the behaviour of the
HV equipment shall be simulated in the main operating configurations.
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measurements;
- etc.
A testing injection set shall be used to simulate the functioning of the
protections and verify the functionalities of the drawings and of the
parameterisation, as well as the actions of this equipment.
The duration of the tests in the presence of the Owner or his representative
shall be ten days, at least.
The Contractor shall submit the following for approval at least three months
prior to the date of the official tests:
- the list of the parametrisation of the relays, the control command and the
standard settings of the protection relays.
The Contractor shall ensure the presence of qualified staff for the duration of
the tests, in order to be able to rectify any system malfunctions without delay.
The procedures for the tests shall be finalised during the study phase.
The tests shall be carried out on the following equipment, extended to the HV
substation (non-exhaustive list):
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the 400 kV equipment of the substation;
optical fibre links between the substation and the Power Plant: attenuation
measurements and removal of observed anomalies;
etc.
Optical fibre links between the 400 kV substation and the Grid Operator's
telecommunication network: the Contractor shall assist the Grid Operator
during the attenuation measurements that will be performed by the Grid
Operator; the Contractor will be responsible for removal of observed
anomalies in the substation's field.
Required tests on the interfaces with the Grid Operator will also be made for
the teleprotection of the lines as well as for the telephony, the remote control,
the remote signalling and telemetry to the Dispatching Control Centre: the
Contractor shall assist the Grid Operator during the tests on the interfaces
performed by the Grid Operator.
Notices of release or rejection (if any) will be issued to the vendor. Notices of
rejection will clearly state the reason for rejection. The Contractor shall inform
the Client at any time of a rejection.
Items which may have been rejected by inspection can only be shipped with the
prior written approval of the Client.
The Contractor will take corrective action, subject to agreement of the Client,
with his vendor on rejected items. Rejected items will remain rejected and not
released for shipment until the defects have been corrected to the satisfaction of
the Client or the Client's agreement to a suitable basis for release.
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8.10. Inspection reports, test certificates and record of
inspection and tests within the QCO
After each inspection visit, the Contractor shall send to the Client an inspection
certificate with the relevant test records and certificates within one week.
These files shall contain, equipment by equipment, all records of inspection and
testing such as:
material certificates;
Two different files shall be set up; one for inspection and testing during
manufacturing, the other for inspection and testing on site.
The records of inspection and testing shall be issued in 2 copies. They will be
issued prior to Reception. No Reception" shall take place if the Client has not
received the corresponding record of site inspection and testing.
9. DOCUMENTATION
The Contractor shall produce all the necessary documentation required by
applicable law(s) and local administrations. Except otherwise agreed with the
Owner, all documents shall be written in French.
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9.1. Documents to be submitted with the Proposal
The Bidders shall submit in their tender at least the following documents:
Time schedule.
Organisation chart.
Reference list with similar project (within the last 15 years) including Client
feedback.
List of Strategic Spare Parts and of Spare Parts for two years operation.
A. General
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- Operational philosophy document (running, start-up, shutdown under
normal and emergency transient condition).
- Civil works and buildings guide line and sections drawings (basis of
design).
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list, Interconnections between cells drawing, key interlocking, Equipment
Nomenclature list, (O&M documentation )).
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
- Spare parts list.
- Hardware Loop drawings (IEC 61082/IEC 60617).
- Certificates of control and tests.
E. Health and safety
Plan with the access road for the fire brigade and the outside hydrants.
- Machinery.
Machinery risk analysis.
- ATEX.
ATEX analysis according directive 94/9/CE.
- PED.
List of equipment that has to comply with the PED, including equipment
falling under "sound engineering practice".
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sheets.
The Contractor shall submit a time schedule for the delivery of these
documents at Contract signature.
B. During the time for completion the project, the Contractor shall provide the
following information to the Client every Month or at his request, in four
copies.
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- Progress reports.
- Monthly and weekly time schedule.
- Details of the Program, showing the status of erection, commissioning,
testing and acceptance of the Plant.
- Commissioning book (including but not limited to: inspection and tests
results, calibration of analyzers, loop tests, welding tests; piping leak tests,
verification and checks of correct erection, etc.).
- Safety report.
- Insurance requirements report.
- Workshop Test Reports.
- Test protocol, test reports (7 days after test completion).
It shall include:
The file shall be submitted by the Contractor to the Client prior to issue of the
"Reception Certificate" including the master copies available on site for safe
operation and maintenance of the Plant in two (2) copies and two (2) computer
format copies.
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The definitive as built documents will be submitted in two (2) copies and two (2)
computer format copies. This computer copy will also include a clear table of
content with reference to the drawing reference numbers and the drawings titles
in order to allow easy access for users.
Documents will be supplied both in their source format (e.g. dwg, xls) and in pdf.
10. TRAINING
A training programme intended in particular the operating and maintenance
staff, must be agreed between the different parties, namely the Contractor and
the Owner and/or his representative to cover at least:
The operating principle of the 400 kV substation and its connection with the
Power Plant.
Design basis
Description of the control screens (in the Central Control Room and in the
local control room).
Troubleshooting
Documentation
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Main control logics
Description of the new DCS screens, of their use and functionalities, etc.
Manufacturer training
For the following equipment (non exhaustive list), a dedicated training shall
be given by the manufacturer himself. This training shall explain as a
minimum the design calculation, the operation and the maintenance topics.
- DCS.
- The protection system.
- The monitoring Decentralized Control System (DCS).
11. MISCELLANEOUS
The Supplier shall issue and send a specification regarding packing and
forwarding methodologies, standards, precautionary measures and another
specification regarding storage and preservation, at the Site or at the Supplier's
warehouse for long and short periods.
The storage of the equipment and waste management shall be carried out by
the Contractor in accordance with the requirements of the General Technical
Specifications.
All parts shall be carefully packed to ensure their protection against shocks and
weather conditions during their transport and outdoor storage if necessary
before being put into place.
All metal parts subject to corrosion shall be protected by an anti-rust paint layer
or by air tight plastic sheets. Bags of SILICAGEL shall be placed, in sufficient
number, in cases containing equipment sensitive to moisture.
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11.2. Spare parts
A detailed list shall be prepared by the Tenderer which includes the spare parts
and tools that it recommends.
A list of this equipment with the unit prices shall be provided on a separate
sheet.
The Contractor shall provide the spare parts before the provisional acceptance
of the new facilities.
The spare parts necessary for the commissioning are included in the basic
scope of supply as well as their replacement if needed up to Reception
Certificate signed by the Owner.
The Spare Parts for Two Years Operation shall be part of the Proposal of the
EPC Bidder (with their unit price).
Such spare parts shall be provided by the Contractor on Site before the
Reception Date. The Contractor shall be entitled to use any of the Spare Parts
for Two Years Operation provided that it replaces immediately any so used part
with a new one.
A list of Strategic Spare Parts shall be prepared by the EPC Bidder (including
supplier name/contact, unit price and delivery time).
11.3. Schedule
The Contractor may not start any operation on-site without having submitted and
received an acceptance of its detailed and coordinated schedule of the various
successive operations that it is planning.
The Contractor shall provide sufficient staff and execution resources to complete
the works within the specified timeframes.
No provision is made for extension of the timeframes owing to bad weather,
annual leave, etc.; the Contractor must, as needed, reinforce its execution
resources to make up for any delays owing to miscellaneous causes.
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Contractor scope includes the warranty period (duration is provided in
contractual document).
site offices fully equipped for the Owner and its Owner Engineer as follows
Dormitories on site for its personal. Dormitories are available from first
mobilization to taking over of the complete combined cycle. Dormitory are
installed far from the site activities without direct access to the site activities
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CIPREL5/4FG/509779/000/02
14/12/2016
Single Line Diagram
INTERNAL
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Customer
F
Partners
Keyplan
G
Rev. Y M D Modifications Status Drawn Checked Approved Validated
01 170224 PRL
Project
Subject
CIPREL V
SUBSTATION 400KV BAKRE
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
H
Replaces DWG Nr Scale Nb Sheet Size
P.009981
Avenue Ariane, 7
B1200 Brussels - BELGIUM Project Code Type Running Number Sheet Rev.
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering, any duplication or transmition to third parties is forbidden without its prior approval.
ANNEX 2
CIPREL5/4FG/509779/000/02
14/12/2016
Price Schedule Bill of Quantities
INTERNAL
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Coordinates of the Bidder
3. Coupling Bay 1
400kV equipment
Steel structures
Connections, conductors, connectors
Control command and protection
LV cables for power and control
The earthing network
Protection against lightning
Auxiliary services AC / DC
Civil engineering
Various
P 1/2
Coordinates of the Bidder
16. Studies
17. Training
18. Documentation
TOTAL
P 2/2
ANNEX 3
CIPREL5/4FG/509779/000/02
14/12/2016
(No complete set available at 1/3/2017)
Specifications and Technical Schedules of CI-Energies 5
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This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
STRUCTURATION DU PLAN DE
PROTECTION
1. STRUCTURATION DU PLAN DE PROTECTION
Ce chapitre indique les principes gnraux retenus et dcrit le systme de protection des lignes,
transformateurs et ractance de transport d'nergie.
Les quipements utiliss dans le plan de protection du rseau lectrique ivoirien sont composs de
:
Contrle de synchronisme.
Les ouvrages peuvent tre atteints par des dfauts la terre imperceptibles par les protections de
distance. Par consquent, la protection est complte par des protections sensibles la puissance
homopolaire. En outre, compte tenu des conditions de fonctionnement (source faible, humidit,
monte en potentiel des masses, ), les protections de distance peuvent tre inadaptes. De ce
fait, il leur est adjoint la fonction protection dantenne passive.
En rsum, pour assurer la slectivit entre le fonctionnement de l'quipement de la protection
principale et le fonctionnement des quipements complmentaires et de secours associs une
mme extrmit d'un ouvrage, l'action de la protection complmentaire et de secours est
temporise par rapport celle de la protection principale.
Il s'agit des quipements de protection capables de donner un ordre de dclenchement rapide pour
tout dfaut sur la ligne protge quelle que soit sa forme monophase ou polyphase condition
que la rsistance du dfaut ne dpasse pas une certaine valeur. Les protections considres sont
les suivantes :
a. Protection de distance
Les protections de distance doivent avoir quatre zones dont trois avales (zone 1, zone 2 et zone 3)
et une amont (zone 4). Elles doivent aussi admettre les tlactions (Acclration de stade pour les
lignes longues, verrouillage pour les lignes courtes).
La figure 1 illustre le diagramme dimpdance R, X, dune protection de distance associe une
ligne
A P1 P2 P2 P1 B
IA IB
Declt Declt
I DA IDB
IA IB
t t
A P1 P2 P2 P1 B
IA IB
Declt Declt
I DA IDB
I = 0 CNA CNA I = 0
transmission
IA IB
t t
i A (t) +i B(t) = 0
Figure 2: Fonctionnement de la protection diffrentielle de liaison
1.2.2 Protection complmentaire
La protection complmentaire est destine l'limination des dfauts rsistants. Son principe est
bas sur la mesure de la puissance homopolaire. Pour assurer la slectivit entre protections
complmentaires, le dclenchement est temps dpendant. Le dclenchement est triphas
dfinitif. Cette protection est verrouille par lautomate de reprise de service pendant son cycle
monophas
Td =1,5 s Td =1 s Td =0,5 s
1.2.4 Perturbographie
Le cycle monophas est utilis en cas de dclenchement monophas par la protection diffrentielle
ou la protection de distance en zone 1 et 2.
Le cycle triphas avec contrle de synchronisme est utilis en cas de dclenchement triphas par
la protection diffrentielle ou la protection de distance en zone 1 et 2.
Les dclenchements en zone 3 et 4 sont triphass et verrouillent le renclencheur.
Les choix du cycle (monophas ou triphas) et du mode de renclenchement (renvoi, renvoi
invers, rebouclage, automatique ou tout mode) sont grs par le gestionnaire du systme
lectrique. D'autres automates existent et pourraient tre utiliss en cas de ncessit.
En cas de fonctionnement dune protection, lordre de dclenchement est aussi mis vers
lautomate dfaillance disjoncteur (50 BF) qui peut tre interne ou externe aux protections pour son
initialisation.
A lchance dune temporisation requise avec non ouverture du disjoncteur de louvrage en
dfaut, dtecte par la prsence dun courant I> 10% In, le dclenchement est ralis par le 50 BF
au travers du :
Le ReBouclage (RB)
Prsence tension ligne et barre
PP1 :
Longueur infrieure 130 kilomtres : Protection
1re Protection principale de liaison diffrentielle de ligne totale (phase par phase) (87L)
Longueur suprieure 130 kilomtres : Protection de
distance avec acclration de stade (21,21N)
PP2 : Protection de distance avec acclration de stade
2me Protection principale de liaison
(21,21N) de constructeur diffrent.
Protection puissance homopolaire temps inverse
Protection complmentaire
(67W). Cette fonction est implmente dans la PP2.
Protection contre la dfaillance Cette fonction est implmente dans la PP1 et la PP2.
disjoncteur
Tableau 1 : Plan de protection ligne HTB longue proche
NB : Lorsque la ligne nest pas quipe dune liaison optique, la PP1 sera une protection de
distance.
La mise en uvre de 2 protections de distance acclration ncessite 2 liaisons de
tlactions (TAC) fonctionnant en parallle :
l'mission, les ordres d'acclration mis par chacune des 2 protections de distance sont
dupliqus sur les 2 TAC ,
la rception, chacune des 2 protections de distance reoit les 2 ordres transmis par
chacune des 2 TAC.
Cette disposition doit tre mise en uvre en vitant tout mode commun, notamment par les
polarits d'alimentation.
1.3.2 Ligne arienne HTB longue en rseaux loigns
Buchholz
C'est un dispositif destin protger les transformateurs de puissance huile contre les dfauts
internes. Son principe n'est pas bas sur une mesure lectrique, mais sur un critre mcanique.
Lors d'un amorage interne ou d'un chauffement anormal, il se produit un dgagement de gaz. Si
ce dgagement est faible, un flotteur s'abaisse progressivement et fait fonctionner un relais
d'alarme. Si le dgagement est plus violent, il provoque un mouvement d'huile qui fait basculer une
palette et provoque le dclenchement du disjoncteur.
Dfaut Ventilateur
Ce dfaut survient lors de larrt dun ou plusieurs groupes de ventilateur. Larrt du ventilateur
entraine un mauvais refroidissement du transformateur qui pourrait dclencher par une surchauffe.
Ce dfaut gnre seulement une alarme.
Arrt Pompe
La pompe permet de faire la circulation dhuile entre la cuve et les arorfrigrants. Larrt de la
circulation de lhuile survient lors dun dfaut de la motopompe ou dune dfaillance des indicateurs
de circulation dhuile (ICH). Ce dfaut entraine le dclenchement du transformateur aprs 20
minutes.
Temprature huile
La monte en temprature de lhuile dun transformateur est dtecte par un thermostat seuils :
Soupape de surpression
Un amorage, un court-circuit ou une vanne ferme entraine une surpression interne la cuve.
La soupape de surpression vacue lhuile en surpression afin dviter une dformation de la cuve.
Cette protection fait la sommation phase par phase des courants primaires et secondaires. Un cart
suprieur un certain seuil, entraine le dclenchement du transformateur.
Cette protection fait la sommation des courants homopolaires du neutre primaires et secondaires du
transformateur.
Un cart suprieur un certain seuil, entraine le dclenchement du transformateur.
Connect au rgleur en charge du transformateur, cet automate est charg dmettre des ordres
augmenter ou diminuer la tension en vue de maintenir la tension de consigne dans une plage
prdfinie. Le fonctionnement est verrouill lorsque le disjoncteur du primaire est ouvert.
Le contrle de synchronisme concerne les TFO HTB/HTB. Il est sollicit pour la fermeture manuelle
du disjoncteur au secondaire du transformateur en vue de garantir un couplage scuris.
Zone liminer
Disjoncteur dfaillant
Figure 6 : Elimination dun faux dfaut ligne avec dfaillance du disjoncteur dune des
extrmits de louvrage
La figure
7 met en vidence la perte de slectivit en cas de dfaillance dun disjoncteur ou du systme de
protection du dpart dun ouvrage raccord au jeu de barres contribuant llimination du dfaut.
Ncessit dun systme de protection spcifique aux jeux de barres : Labsence de protection de
barres rapide et slective impose une limination des dfauts barres par le dclenchement en 2me
stade des protections de distance des postes encadrants et le dclenchement en secours des
protections de transformateurs. La squence dlimination est la suivante :
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Zone 2
Dans ces conditions, llimination dfinitive du dfaut peut tre longue (>1,5 s) et tout ou partie des
ouvrages adjacents, notamment des groupes de production, sont mis hors service.
Llimination tardive et non slective des dfauts barre, selon la localisation et limportance du jeu de
barres concern, peut alors avoir pour consquence une forte dgradation de la stabilit du rseau
(perte de groupe et risque dincident gnralis) et une reprise de service longue.
Il est donc ncessaire de protger les jeux de barres avec un systme de protection spcifique
permettant de respecter les exigences de rapidit et de slectivit lies aux rseaux.
Lefficacit du systme de protection de barres en terme de slectivit est conditionne par la
structuration du jeu de barres.
Slectivit et topologie du jeu de barres :
On appellera sommet toute partie des jeux barres pouvant tre spare par des disjoncteurs de
couplage, de trononnement ou de liaison barres.
TC TC TC TC TC
TC
Poste 1 sommet : sur dfaut barres le poste est mis hors service
Poste 2 sommets : sur dfaut barres la moiti du poste est mise hors service
TC TC TC TC TC
1A TC 1B
TC
TC
2 2
TC TC TC TC TC
Poste 3 sommets : sur dfaut sur les sommets 1A ou 1B 70% du poste est
sauvegard ; sur la barre 2 50% uniquement
TC TC TC TC TC TC
1A TC 1B
TC
TC
2A TC 2B
TC TC TC TC TC TC
Poste 4 sommets : sur dfaut sur un des quatre sommets 75% du poste est
sauvegard.
3.2 Orientations gnrales pour les systmes de protection des jeux de barres
Un systme de protection de barres est structur partir des exigences de :
Temps dlimination de dfauts barres : les contraintes principales sont lies au maintien de la
stabilit des rseaux pour les jeux de barres classs en rseau proche et la tenue des
ouvrages aux courants de court-circuit des jeux de barres (Icc max pendant 1s) ;
Slectivit : il y a lieu de rduire le plus possible le nombre de dclenchements des ouvrages
adjacents au sommet du jeu de barres, sige du dfaut ;
Reprise rapide de fonctionnement : elle est ncessaire pour les ouvrages en rseaux proche.
En cas de non-respect de la slectivit, tel que dcrit prcdemment (voir figures 7a, 7b et 7c),
la reprise de service implique une reconstitution de rseau organise et par consquent plus longue.
Pour rpondre ces exigences de rapidit et de slectivit, il est ncessaire dutiliser des
protections de barres spcifiques permettant :
Un dbouclage rapide des barres par louverture du (des) disjoncteurs de couplage(s) ;
Un trononnement rapide dune (des) barre(s) en deux tronons (poste 3 ou 4 sommets),
voire trois (poste 6 sommets) par dclenchement du (des) disjoncteur(s) de trononnement ;
Une ouverture rapide des dparts des ouvrages alimentant le dfaut du tronon de barre
concern.
De ce qui prcde, en vue de garantir la stabilit du rseau, les barres sont protges par une
protection diffrentielle de barres
Le systme de protection de jeux de barres est de type dcentralis. Cependant pour les
postes dont le nombre douvrage nexcde pas six (06), on pourra utiliser la protection de barres
centralise.
Dans le cas de dfaillance du systme de protection (alimentation auxiliaire, rducteurs de
mesure, protections), il est possible dutiliser la tranche de couplage en tant que tranche de secours
ligne . Dans ce cas particulier, les protections de distance utilises pour la fonction dbouclage de
barres , similaires celles quipant les dparts ligne seront utilises pour protger la ligne. La
tranche de protection de la cellule couplage comportera galement une protection complmentaire et
un automate renclencheur permettant deffectuer des cycles de renclenchement monophas et
triphas.
3.3 Protection diffrentielle de barres
Principes de fonctionnement
Logique
daiguillage
des courants
L41 TP2 L33 L14 L25 T16
B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2
S1
P1
S1
P1
P1
S1
L1 L2 T1
Barre 1
Couplage
P1
S1
Barre 2
Dclenchement Dclenchement
L3 TP L4 Sommet B1 Sommet B2
S1
P1
S1
P1
S1
P1
B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2
Logique
daiguillage des
dclenchements
Figure 9 : Structure et principe de fonctionnement dune protection diffrentielle de barres pour un poste 2 sommets
La protection diffrentielle fait la somme des courants sur chaque sommet lectrique ; ce faisant, la
somme des courants entrant est toujours gale la somme des courants sortant sur rseau sain. En
cas de dfaut barre, cette diffrence est non nulle et la protection diffrentielle de barre met un ordre
de dclenchement partir de son schma fantme.
On distingue des protections diffrentielles de barres :
Totalement slectives : elles comprennent une chaine de mesure par phase du tronon de
barres surveill,
A combinaison linaire : la chaine de mesure du relais diffrentiel de la protection opre sur
une somme dissymtrique des courants des trois phases (ou de leurs composants
symtriques).
La protection diffrentielle de barres comprend une logique d'aiguillage qui reoit les informations de
position des diffrents sectionneurs d'aiguillage et de trononnement.
Cette logique d'aiguillage a deux fonctions principales :
Aiguiller les images des courants des dparts sur le relais diffrentiel associs au sommet sur
lequel ils sont effectivement aiguills,
Aiguiller les ordres de dclenchement sur les seuls disjoncteurs encadrant le sommet en
dfaut.
La figure 9 illustre la structure et le principe de fonctionnement dune protection diffrentielle de barres.
Dans la mesure o la protection est quipe de cette logique daiguillage, elle est galement capable de
traiter rapidement et slectivement les faux dfauts barres en aiguillant les ordres de
dclenchement provenant des protections contre les dfaillances de disjoncteurs sur les disjoncteurs
raccords sur le mme tronon de barres que le disjoncteur dfaillant.
Lorsqu'un poste est quip d'une protection diffrentielle de barres, les disjoncteurs de couplage et de
trononnement doivent tre quips d'une protection contre les dfaillances de disjoncteurs.
CIPREL5/4FG/509779/000/02
14/12/2016
Substation terrain version DECEMBRE2016
INTERNAL
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
ANNEX 5
CIPREL5/4FG/509779/000/02
14/12/2016
Substation 400kV Bakr general layout
INTERNAL
This document is the property of Tractebel Engineering S.A. Any duplication or transmission to third parties is forbidden without prior written approval
1263443_000.dgn 02/03/2017 13:50:59
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throughout the life cycle of its clients projects, including design and project management. As one of the worlds
largest engineering consultancy companies and with more than 150 years of experience, it's our mission to actively
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Franois NELIS
tel. +32 2 773 85 52
fax 32-2-773 74 34
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