GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT - 09/05/17, 9)22 AM

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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

1. Bone grows by
a) Apposition
b) Interstitial growth
c) Osteociastic activity
d) All of the above
Ans: A

2. Earlier closure of a suture is called

a) Synchondrosis
b) Ankylosis
c) Synostosis
d) Epiphysis
Ans: C

3. Which of the following statements is correct

a) Drift of bone may occur in the direction of displacement of bone
b) Drift of bone may occur in opposite direction of displacement of bone
c) Both of the above are correct
d) None of the above
Ans: C

4. Identify the incorrectly matched item

a) Ethmoid-purely endochondrial bone
b) Parietal-purely membranous bone
c) Maxillary-both endochondrial and intramembranous
d) Nasal-purely membranous bone
Ans: C

5. Basal bone diers from alveolar bone in

a) Function

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b) Staining properties
c) Osteocyte metabolism
d) All of the above
Ans: A

6. Which of of the following shows 200% of its aduit growth by age 9-10 years
a) Lymphoid
b) General
c) Genital
d) Neural
Ans: A

7. At birth, the following structure is nearest the size it will attain in adulthood
a) Mandible
b) Cranial vault
c) Cranial base
d) Middle face
Ans: B

8. Postnatally cephaiocaudal gradient growth pattern is seen as_______

a) maxilla growing rapidly than mandible
b) rapid growth of mid third of face
c) mandible grows rapidly than maxilla
d) both maxilla and mandible growing equally
Ans: C

9. Most cranial sutures close by

a) 2 years
b) 3 years
c) 5 years
d) 8 years
Ans: C

10. Growth of anterior cranial base is completed by

a) 5-6 years
b) 7-9 years
c) 8-10 years
d) 10-12 years
Ans: C

11. The body tissue that grows rapidly but shows minimal growth after the age of 6-7 years is
a) Neural tissue
b) Lymphoid tissue
c) Skeletal tissue
d) Genital tissue

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Ans: A

12. Negative grovftFEh is a characteristic of

a) Testis
b) Brain
c) Mandible
d) Thymus
Ans: D

13. Mandible closely follows the growth curve of

a) Lymphoid tissue
b) Neural tissue
c) General tissues
d) All of the above
Ans: C

14. Growth of mandible in boys as compared to girls

a) More sustained in boys, occurs up to 25 years of age
b) Less sustained in boys, completes by 15 years
c) Occurs at same ages in both sexes
d) Occurs earlier in boys as compared to girls
Ans: A

15. Considering the growth of the face in all three planes, growth ceases last in which direction?
a) Anteroposterior
b) Sagittal
c) Transverse
d) Vertical
Ans: D

16. In the three planes of space, in both maxiiia and mandible, growth is rst completed in
a) Width
b) Length
c) Height
d) All at the same time
Ans: A

17. Which of the following is least eective in determining site of bone deposition in experimental methods
growth study
a) Implants
b) Alizarin stains
c) Tetracycline stains
d) Radiographs
Ans: D

18. Bjork used the implants for predicting facial growth changes. This approach is called as

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a) Longitudinal approach
b) Metric approach
c) Structural approach
d) Computerized predication
Ans: A

19. factors interfere with statural growtt

a) cleft palate
b) poor nutrition
c) chronic diseases
d) cardiac diseases
Ans: A

20. Who proposed the Nasal Septum theory of craniofacial growth?

a) Moss
b) Sicher
c) Vander Linden
d) Latham
Ans: D

21. Eniows V principle of growth is found in

a) Cranial base
b) Maxilla only
c) Maxilla and mandible
d) None of the above
Ans: C

22. Accourding to counterpart principle which of the following is a counterpart of anterior cranial base
a) Breadth of ramus
b) Naso maxillary complex
c) Maxillary arch length
d) Mandibular arch length
Ans: B

23. Funtional matrix theory suggests that the determinant growth of skeletal tissues resides in________
a) Skeletal
b) Sutures
c) Cartilages
d) Non-skeletal tissues
Ans :

24. Oral and nasal capsule of functional growth related to

a) Periosteal matrix
b) Sutural matrix
c) Capsular matrix

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d) None of the above

Ans: C

25. The functional matrix concept as revisited by Moss does not include
a) connected cellular network
b) mechano transduction
c) epigenetic epithesis
d) septal cartilage
Ans:

26. Growth of oral structures is mainly inuenced by factors

a) hereditary
b) environment
c) hereditary inuenced by environmental
d) none of the above
Ans: C

27. The condylar cartilage in the mandible is held to be a

a) primary cartilage
b) secondary cartilage
c) tresheory cartilage
d) non-growing cartilage
Ans: B

28. The rst evidence of cartilage getting converted to bone in craniofacial skeleton occurs during________
a) Fourth postnatal week
b) Eighth prenatal week
c) Fourth prenatal week
d) Eighth postnatal week
Ans: B

29. Age of closure of spheno-occipital synchondrosis

a) 6 years
b) 12 years
c) 18 years
d) 25 years
Ans: C

30. Premaxilla is derived from

a) Maxillary protuberance
b) Palatine bones
c) Frontonasal process
d) Medial process
Ans: C

31. Length of the maxilla increases by

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a) surface apposition at tuberosity region

b) growth at mid palatine suture
c) alveolar growth downwards and forwards
d) all of the above
Ans: A

32. At birth, the palate is relatively at; in adults; it is vault-shaped. By which of the following does this chan
occur
a) Resorption in the vault
b) Growth of alveolar bone
c) Apposition at tuberosity region
d) Growth of maxillary sinus
Ans: B

33. Cleft lip occurs due to non-union of

a) Maxillary process and frontonasal process
b) Maxillary process and mandibular process
c) Maxillary process and palatine process
d) Frontonasal and palatine process
Ans: A

34. Ossication centre of mandible

a) Two in number and in mental foramen area lateral to Meckels cartilage
b) One in number and in ramus area lateral to Meckels cartilage
c) Two in number and in mental foramen area mesial to Meckels cartilage
d) One in number and in ramus area mesial to Meckels cartilage
Ans: A

35. Site at which ossication stops in the mandibie

a) Mandibular lingula
b) Coronoid process
c) Symphysis
d) Angle of the mandible
Ans: A

36. As age advances, the human prole generally

a) remains the same
b) increases in convexity
c) decreases in convexity
d) decreases in concavity
Ans: C

37. Head of condyle grows by

a) interstitial bone growth
b) appositional bone growth

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c) intramembranous bone growth

d) proliferation of cartilage
Ans: D

38. The arch space for eruption of permanent second and third molar is occupied by
a) pposition of alveolar process
b) resorption of posterior border of ramus
c) resorption of anterior border of ramus
d) apposition of lower body of mandible
Ans: C

39. In an individual whose mandible is growing less forward than expected, the lower incisors will probably
inclined
a) backward
b) forward
c) vertically over basal bone
d) no relation at all
Ans: B
40. Mid-symphyseal suture fuses at the age of
a) 6 months
b) 18 months
c) 30 months
d) 5 years
Ans: B

41. In suture there is proliferation of connective tissue foilowed by replacement of bone. This is called
a) Endochondral bone growth
b) Intramembranous growth
c) Appositional growth
d) Periosteal growth
Ans: C

42. Combinations of deposition and resorption occurring in the dierent bones of the skull which result in
growth movement towards the depository surface is termed as
a) remodelling
b) displacement
c) physiologic resorption
d) drift
Ans: D

43. Which of the following statement is false regarding the growth enters?
a) All growth centers are not growth sites
b) All growth sites are not growth centers
c) A growth center is controlled by genetics
d) A growth site is a spot were growth occurs

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Ans: A

44. Downward and forward growth of face is the resuit of

a) Upward and backward growth of condyle and maxillary sutures
b) Eruption of teeth and increase in vertical direction
c) Upward and forward growth of cranial base
d) Apposition of bone at anterior borders of mandible and maxilla
Ans: A

45. An early prupubertal growth gpurt indicates

a) Metabolic disturbance
b) Fast maturing child
c) Endocrine dysfunction
d) Slow maturing child
Ans: B

46. Scammons growth curve-False is

a) Neural tissues-Most of the growth is complete by 6 years
b) Lymphoid tissues-growth reaches 200% by age 13 and regresses afterwards
c) Genital tissues-most of the growth is completed by the age of puberty
d) None of the above
Ans: C

47. Growth completion of basal cranium as compared to jaws

a). Always precedes
b) Always follows
c) Sex dependent
d) Always accompanies
Ans: A

48. Greatest amount of cranial growth occurs by

a) Birth to ve years
b) 5-6 years
c) 6-7 years
d) 7-10 years
Ans: A

49. The cranial vault increases rapii r postnatally. By the age of six what % of cranial growth is completed
a) 60%
b) 80%
c) 90%
d) 100%
Ans: C

50. Direction of grouth of basal cranium

a) Upwards and backwards

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b) Upwards and forwards

c) Downwards and forwards
d) Downwards and backwards
Ans: B

51. Enlarged tonsils in a 6-year-old child by age 12, most likely to be

a) Larger
b) Smaller
c) Same size
d) Hyperaemic
Ans: A

52. Crania! vault follows the growth curve of

a) Neural tissue
b) Dental tissue
c) Somatic or general tissue
d) Genital
Ans: A

53. There is more adolescent growth spurt in mandible than maxilla. Mandible follows growth curve of som
tissues closely than maxilla
a) Both statements are wrong
b) Both statements are correct
c) Only rst statement is correct
d) Only second statement is correct
Ans: B

54. One of the basix sex dierences in facial grouwth during puberty
a) Greater vertical development in male
b) Greater vertical development in females
c) Greater increase of anterior-posterior dimensions in males
d) Greater increase of horizontal growth in males
Ans: A

55. Growth of face is completed in following sequence

a) Depth, width, height
b) Width, depth, height
c) Depth, height, width
d) Width, height, depth
Ans: B

56. The following dimension of face at birth is close to adult size

a) Width
b) Depth
c) Height

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d) Same all of the above

Ans: A

57. Alizar n red complexes with the following

a) Calcium
b) Magnesium
c) Fluoride
d) Sodium
Ans: A

58. Clock wise rataion refers to mandibular rotation?

a) Downward and posteriorly
b) Downward and anteriorly
c) Upward and anteriorly
d) Upward and posteriorly
Ans: A

59. In Sichers theory, suture acts as

a) Has independent growth potential
b) Dependent on cranial base
c) Used for growth adjustment
d) None of above
Ans: A

60. Servo system theory of growth was given by

a) Scott
b) Petrovic
c) Limborgh
d) Van der Klaus
Ans: B

61. V-principle of bone growth is best demonstrated by

a) Ramus of mandible
b) Condyle of mandible
c) Desmocranium
d) Basal cranium
Ans: A

62. Functional cranial component concept was developed by

a) Melvin Moss
b) Scott
c) Van der Klaus
d) Van Limborgh
Ans: C

63. All of the following are considered microskeletal units of the mandible as per the matrix theory EXCEPT_

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a) Chin
b) Glenoid fossa
c) Coronoid process
d) Angle of the mandible
Ans: D

64. Oral and nasal capsule of functional growth related to

a) Periosteal matrix
b) Sutural matrix
c) Capsular matrix
d) None of the above
Ans: C

65. According to Moss, growth of periosteral matrices brings about

a) Translation of microskeleton
b) Transformation of microskeleton
c) Translation of macroskeleton
d) Translation of microskeleton
Ans: B

66. Epigenetic factors controlling the growth of skeletion are

a) Genetic factors present within the skeleton
b) Genetic factors present outside the skeleton
c) Local non-genetic factors
d) General non-genetic factors
Ans: B

67. All of the following are primary cartilages cxcept

a) Coronoid and condyle
b) Nasal septum and spheno-occipital synchondrosis
c) Spheno-ococcipital synchondrosis
d) Ethmoidal and nasal septum
Ans: A

68. Which of the following are sites of cartilaginous growth postnatally?

1. Spheno-occipital synchondrosis
2. Mandibular condyle
3. Frontomaxillary suture
4. Nasal septum
5. Alveolar process
a) 1 &2
b) 1, 2, &4
c) 2, 3 & 5
d) 3 &5
Ans:B

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69. Growth activity at which of these synchondreses completers rst ?

a) Spheno-occipital
b) Intersphenoidal
c) Intra-occipitai
d) Sphenoethmoidal
Ans: B

70. Number of primary ossication centre of maxilla

a) two
b) three
c) four
d) ve
Ans: B
71. Maxilla develops by
a) Endochondral bone formation
b) Intramembranous bone formation
c) Cartilage replacement and intramembranous bone formation
d) Mostly cartilage replacement and a little by intramembranous
Ans: B

72. Growth of the maxilla in the vertical direction is due to

a) Growth of the alveolus
b) Growth at sutures
c) Growth of the cranial base
d) Growth of the synchondrosis
Ans: A

73. The philtrum of the upper lip is formed largely by the

a) Lateral nasal processes
b) Globular process
c) Maxillary processes
d) Mandibular processes
Ans: B

74. Cleft palate occurs due to disturbances in___________weeks of IU life

a) 5-8
b) 8-10
c) 10-12
d) 12-14
Ans: B

75. Meckels cartilage

a) Gives origin to greater part of mandible
b) Contributes to origin of mandibular condyle only
c) Greater part of it disappears without contributing to the formation of mandible

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d) Contributes to the formation of articular disc

Ans: C

76. In a newborn child we generally see

a) Maxillary protrusion
b) Maxillary retrusion
c) Mandibuiar protrusion
d) Mandibular retrusion
Ans: D

77. Main growth site in mandible

a) Gonial angle
b) Body of mandible
c) Condylar cartilage
d) Coronoid process and ramus
Ans: C
78. After age of six, the greatest increase in size of mandible occurs
a) Distal to rst molar
b) Along the lower border of mandible
c) At the symphysis
d) At the canine region
Ans: A

79. A foreign body in the anterior border ot the ramus of mandible at 9 years compared to 6 years will
a) deepen as new bone apposition occurs
b) become free in soft tissue as resorption occurs
c) remain at the same level
d) result in formation of exostosis
Ans: B

80. Which of the following is a chondroid bone

a) Crest of alveolar bone
b) Maxillary basal bone
c) Mandibular basal bone
d) Frontal bone
Ans: A

MDSClasses 2015

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