Egypt

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the modern country. For the ancient realm, see Ancient Egypt.
For other uses, see Egypt (disambiguation).

Coordinates: 26N 30E

Arab Republic of Egypt

[ show]

Flag Coat of arms

Anthem: Bilady, Bilady, Bilady

My country, my country, my country

Capital Cairo
and largest city 302N 3113E

Official langua Arabic[a]

ges
 National Egyptian Arabic
language

Religion
90% Muslim

9% Orthodox Christian

1% Other Christian[1]

Demonym Egyptian

Government Unitary semi-presidential

republic
President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi
Prime Minister Sherif Ismail

Legislature House of Representatives

Establishment
Unification c. 3150 BC
of Upper
and Lower
Egypt[2][3][b]
Muhammad Ali 9 July 1805[4]
dynasty inaugur
ated
Independence fro 28 February 1922
m
United Kingdom
Revolution Day 23 July 1952
Republic 18 June 1953
declared
Current 18 January 2014
constitution

Area
Total 1,010,407.87[5] km2(390,120.66 sq
mi) (29th)
Water (%) 0.632

Population
2017 estimate 93,136,000[6] (14th)
 2006 census 72,798,000[7]
Density 90/km2 (233.1/sq mi) (118th)

GDP (PPP) 2017 estimate

Total $1.173 trillion[8] (21st)
Per capita $12,560[8] (100th)

GDP (nominal) 2015 estimate

Total $330.765 billion[9] (34th)
Per capita $3,740[9] (115th)

Gini (2008) 30.8[10]

medium

HDI (2014) 0.690[11]

medium 108th

Currency Egyptian pound (EGP)

Time zone EET (UTC+2[c])

Drives on the right

Calling code +20

ISO 3166 code EG

Internet TLD
.eg

a ^ Literary Arabic is the sole official language.[12]Egyptian

Arabic is the national spoken language. Other dialects and
minority languages are spoken regionally.

a "Among the peoples of the ancient Near East, only the

Egyptians have stayed where they were and remained what
they were, although they have changed their language once
and their religion twice. In a sense, they constitute the
world's oldest nation".[13][14] Arthur Goldschmidt Jr.

a ^ See Daylight saving time in Egypt.

Egypt ( i/idpt/ EE-jipt; Arabic: Mis r, Egyptian Arabic: Mas r,[15]Coptic: Kimi),
officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast
corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.
Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast,
the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south,
and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai
Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with
Egypt.
Egypt has among the longest histories of any modern country, emerging as one of the world's
first nation states in the tenth millennium BC.[16]Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient
Egypt experienced some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, urbanisation,
organised religion and central government. Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and
its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings,
reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of archaeological study and popular interest
worldwide. Egypt's rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity, w