Questions 1 to 4 are based on the following : Read the text and the numbered statements

carefully and answer the questions given at the end.

Four people of different countries live on the same side of a street in four houses each of a different
colour. Each person has a different favourite drink. The following additional information is also known.
1. The Englishman lives in the red house.
2. The Italian drinks tea.
3. The Norwegian lives in the first house on the left.
4. In the second house from the right they drink milk.
5. The Norwegian lives adjacent to the blue house.
6. The Spaniard drinks fruit juice.
7. Tea is drunk in the blue house.
8. The white house is at the right of the red house.
1. Milk is drunk by
a) Norwegian b) Englishman c) Italian d) None on the left
2. The Norwegian drinks
a) Milk b) Cocoa c) Tea d) Fruit Juice
3. The colour of the Norwegian’s house is
a) Yellow b) White c) Blue d) Red
4. Which of the following statements is not true?
a) Milk is drunk in the red house b) Italian lives in the blue house
c) The Spaniard lives in the corner house d) The Italian lives next to the Spaniard

Directions for questions 5 to 9 : A number of sentences are given below which, when properly
sequenced form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is preceded with a letter. Choose the most
logical order from the choices to construct the paragraph.
5. A) Realists believe that there is an objective reality “out there” independent of ourselves.
B) This reality exists solely by virtue of how the world is, and it is in principle
discoverable by application of the methods of science.
C) They believe in the possibility of determining whether or not a theory is indeed
really true or false.
D) I think it is fair to say that this is the position to which most working scientists
subscribe.
a) DBCA b) CADB c) BADC d) ADCB
6. A) The individual companies vary in size, from the corner grocery to the industrial giant.
B) Policies and management methods within firms range from formal, well planned
organization and controls to slipshod day to day operations.
C) Various industries offer a wide array of products or services through millions of
firms which are largely independent of each other.
D) Variation in the form of ownership contributes to diversity in capital investment,
volume of business, and financial structure.
a) DBCA b) CADB c) BADC d) ADCB
7. A) At the most basic level, the digital computer is simply logging or recording continuously
by the condition of a piece of plant or machinery.
B) The machine operator may then decide whether or not to act upon the information
presented to him.
C) Digital computers are being used increasingly for data acquisition and control
application.
 D) This information is then processed in some way and the results either recorded on
suitable storage media, or displayed in some form to the machine operator.
a) ACDB b) CADB c) ADBC d) CABD
8. A) Robust, galloping horses in white and brown shades are painted on a mixed abstract
background.
B) The works displayed are a series of horses painted in different stances and
postures.
C) The painting exhibition is intended to raise funds to serve a cause.
D) Along with the paintings of single wild horses, there are pleasant paintings of horse
pair, galloping, grazing and playing around.
a) CBAD b) ABCD c) BCAD d) DCBA

9. A) It is said that the lateral displacement at the terrace level of a 100 metre tall building
can be even one metre during storms.
B) Tall buildings and bridges have been reported to oscillate due to the effect of heavy
wind and earthquake.
C) Engineers have been using various types of dampers to minimize such oscillations.
D) In the case of tall buildings whose height is more pronounced than few hundred
metres, the oscillation due to wind is more pronounced.
a) BCDA b) BADC c) BCAD d) BDAC

Direction for questions 10 to 15 : Each question has a paragraph given with one sentence
missing in between. From among the answer choices given, select the sentence that can fill the
blank to form a coherent paragraph.

10. The recent revival of user industries of aluminium has raised hopes of a good demand in the
near future. ( ______ ) The user industries would like aluminium producers to keep a tab on
the cost so as to make the end products reasonable in terms of prices to the customers.
They also feel this will help the process of revival to gather momentum as well as expand
the areas of application of aluminium product..

a) The user industries for any item determines the demand for the item.
b) The hopes mainly hinge on growth in the construction, packaging
and consumer durable industries.
c) In general, user industries do not affect the over all demand of a
product.
d) This is despite the fact that all the user industries were hit by
recession for the last three years.

11. People arguing for a position have been known to cast the opposite position in an
unnecessarily feeble light( ______ ) People who indulge in this fallacy may be fearful or
ignorant of a strong counter argument. Detecting this fallacy often depends on having
already heard a better refutation, or having information with which to construct one.

a) Casting the opposite as weaker than it really is, is a very effective

strategy.
b) This portrayal of refutation as weaker than it really is, is a sure way
of proving your point.

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 c) Casting the opposite as weaker than it really is, is not a very effective
strategy.
d) This portrayal of refutation as weaker than it really is, may or may not
be a good strategy.

12. Many of us lived one eyed lives. We rely largely on the eye of the mind to form our images of
reality. It is a mechanical world based on fact and reason. ( ______ ) So today more and
more of us are opening the other eye, the eye of the heart, looking for realities to which the
mind’s eye is blind. This is a world warmed and transformed by the power of love, a vision
of community beyond the mind’s capacity to see. Either eye alone is not enough. We need
“wholesight”, a vision of the world in which mind and heart unite.

a) It has lead to unprecedented scientific growth and material well

being.
b) In the nuclear age, our mind made world has been found flawed and
dangerous, even lethal.
c) The question is irrelevant, whether or not there is more to the world
beyond what can be seen and reasoned.
d) We have built our lives based on it because it seemed predictable
and safe.

13. Critics remain flummoxed by why this should have become one of the biggest box office
grossers in Indian Cinema. Its story is not new, no new star is presented and its songs are
nothing new. ( _____ ) But, some have been quick to understand the film as a product of
Hindutva and liberalization.

a) Explaining the film’s immense popularity is not easy.

b) People have forwarded various theories to explain the success of the
film.
c) There have been films even in the past whose success baffled
critics.
d) There has been widespread appreciation of the theme presented by
the film.

14. Many big companies are vying with each other to sponsor the World Cup. ( _____ ) Who can
blame them for wanting to cash in on the publicity and make the most of it? And what better
occasion than an extravaganza like the World Cup?

a) This is a new trend in the Indian corporate and sports fields.

b) The coming forward of corporate giants ready to cough up
considerable prize money is understandable.
c) Why they would want to waste enormous amounts of money is
something quite baffling.
d) This will give a major boost to the financial position of the World Cup
co-ordinating body.

15. It is brand warfare in the Indian Marketing scenario. T.V.s, refrigerators, music system – the
buying list of a typical middle class consumer is endless. ( _____ ) The companies are
willing to do anything to ensure that their brands remain strongly entrenched in the minds of
the consumers.
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 a) It is a small wonder that the companies selling consumer durable
goods are targeting the Indian middle class.
b) These companies know that this is where their profits lie.
c) The consumer durable companies have quickly expanded their
dealer network.
d) The boom is similar to that experienced by transistor radios in the
mid 70’s.

Directions for question 16 to 20 : Each question has a pair of CAPITALIZED words followed by
four pairs of words. Choose the pair of words, which best expresses, the relationship similar to that
expressed in the capitalized pair.

16. DIVIDE : UNITE

a) Split : Apart b) Marriage : Divorce
c) Fission : Fusion d) Chasm : Gap
17. TROPHY : VICTORY
a) Gift : Friend b) Compensation : Success
c) Reward : Winner d) Remuneration : Work
18. TACTILE : TOUCH
a) Aural : Taste b) Guttural : Digestion
c) Otiose : Hearing d) Vision : Sight
19. EARTH : MOON
a) Orbit : Planet b) Satellite : Communication
c) Planet : Satellite d) Mars : Sun
20. VICTOR : VANQUISHED
a) Loser : Lost b) Winner : Loser c) Win : Defeat d) War : Battle

Directions for questions 21 to 25 : Each question has a main statement followed by four
statements labeled A, B, C and D. Choose the ordered pair of statements where the first
statement implies the second, and the two statements are logically consistent with the main
statement.

21. Either the employees have no confidence in the management, or they are hostile by nature.
A. The employees are hostile by nature.
B. The employees have confidence in the management.
C. The employees are not hostile by nature.
D. The employees have no confidence in the management.
a) CD b) DA c) AD d) BC
22. All irresponsible parents cause their children to become drugs addicts.
A. John is a drug addict. B. John is not a drug addict.
C. John’s parent are responsible parents. D. John’s parent are irresponsible.
a) BD b) AD c) CB d) DA
23. Whenever Ram reads late into the night, his father beats him up.
A. Ram did not read late into the night. B. His father did not beat him up.
C. His father beat him up. D. Ram read late into the night.

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 a) AB b) CD c) BA d) None of these
24. Either Sita is sick, or she is careless.
A. Sita is careless. B. Sita is not careless.
C. Sita is sick. D. Sita is not sick.
a) DB b) BC c) AC d) CA
25. Ram gets a swollen nose whenever he eats hamburgers.
A. Ram ate hamburgers. B. Ram did not eat hamburgers.
C. Ram did not get a swollen nose. D. Ram got a swollen nose.
a) DA b) BC c) CB d) CA
26. Laxman has a certain number of eclairs between 80 and 100 with him. If he distributes them
equally among all his 4 children, there will be 3 left. If he distributes them equally amongst
his wife and children, he is left with four eclairs. If he decides to distribute the eclairs
amongst himself, his wife and children how many will he be left over with?
a) 5 b) 2 c) 3 4) 1

27. The ratio of boys and girls in each of the two sections in a class is 5 : 4 and 4 : 7 respectively.
If both sections are combined, then girls form what percentage of the boys?
a) 55% b) 122% c) 45.5% d) Insufficient Data

28. In a race, the man who came two places ahead of the last man, finished one place ahead of
the man who came three places behind the man just ahead of the one who stood second.
How many men finished the race?
a) 4 b) 5 c) 8 d) 7

29. A book having 700 pages has its pages numbered from 1 to 700. If we count all the 3’s in the
page numbers, how many 3’s will be there?
a) 240 b) 239 c) 234 d) None of the left

30. Shourav travels from H to Y and back to H in his Zen covering a total distance of 2000 Km. If,
in the process, he changes wheels such that all the five wheels including the stepney wheel
are used equally, what is the distance in Km. covered by each wheel?
a) 1500 b) 500 c) 1600 d) 400

31. One apple and one banana will together cost Rs. 55. One banana and two oranges together
cost Rs. 40. Karthik buys an apple on Monday, one banana and one orange on Tuesday,
one banana each on Thursday and Friday, one orange each on Wednesday and Saturday.
On Sunday, he buys all three items one apple, one banana and one orange. What does
Karthik pay for his entire week’s purchase?
a) Rs. 190 b) Rs. 285 c) Rs. 380 d) Insufficient Data

32. Rakesh has the habit of pouring his tea from the cup into the saucer and then drinking it. He
likes both the cup, the saucer to be filled only to 90% capacity. He also does not drink tea
below 15% mark in the saucer. If he has to pour the tea from the cup into the saucer 3
times before emptying the cup (each time drinking from the saucer till it reaches the
minimum level), what is the ratio of the volumes of the cup and the saucer?
a) 4 : 1 b) 9 : 4 c) 27 : 10 d) 8 : 3

33. The area of a rectangle is thrice that of a square. If the length of the rectangle is 40 cm and
its breadth is 3/2 times that of the side of the square, then the side of the square is :
a) 15 cm b) 20 cm c) 30 cm d) 60 cm
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 34. Ashish borrowed Rs. 10,000 at 20% p.a. of compound interest. At the end of the first year, he
repaid a certain amount. If he has to pay Rs. 6,000 at the end of second year to completely
repay his loan including interest, the amount that he repaid at the end of the first year was
a) 8,400 b) 7,000 c) 7,600 d) 6,600

35. Which of the following is the smallest positive integer which when divided by 17 gives a
remainder of 7 and when divided by 13 gives a remainder of 9?
a) 160 b) 327 d) 178 d) None of these
Directions for questions 36 to 42 : Each item has a question followed by two statements.
• Mark A if the question can be answered with the help of statement A alone.
• Mark B if the question can be answered with the help of statement B alone.
• Mark C if the question can be answered with the help of both the statements together, but
not with the help of either statement alone.
• Mark D if the question cannot be answered even with the help of both the statements.

36. At what speed (in number of revolutions per minute) is fan A rotating?
I. The radius of fan A is half of that of fan B.
II. Fan B is rotating at 300 revolutions per minute.

37. What is the average mark of the class?

I. The boys are more than twice in number than the girls and their average mark is 78%.
II. The average mark of the girls, who are 20 less in number than the boys, is 84%.

38. How many students from the top 20 rankers in the institute are commerce graduates if it is
known that none of the top five rankers are commerce graduates?
I. None of the last four out of top 20 rankers are commerce graduates.
II. At least 8 of the top 15 rankers and not more than 8 of the last fifteen out of 20 top
rankers are Commerce graduates.

39. What is the seating capacity of the coach X?

I. Not more than 45 passengers have ever traveled at one time in coach X.
II. There were 80 passengers travelling by another coach, which has twice the seating
capacity of coach X.

40. How many chairs are there in the classroom?

I. There are 6 chairs for each four tables in the classroom.
II. There are 60 chairs in the classroom.

41. What are the ages of the three brothers?

I. The product of their ages is 21.
II. The sum of the ages is not divisible by 3.

42. What is the price of mangoes per Kg.?

I. The price of 10 Kg. of mangoes and 2 dozens of oranges is Rs. 252.
II. 2 Kg of mangoes cost as much as one dozen oranges.

Questions 43 and 44 are based on the following :

A, B and C are three numbers, Let

@ (A, B) = Average of A and B
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 * (A, B) = Product of A and B
/ (A, B) = A divided by B.

43. Sum of A and B is given by

a) * [ @ (A, B), 2 ] b) / [ @ (A, B), 2 c) @ [ (A, B), 2 ] d) [ / (A, B), 2 ]

44. If A = 2 and B = 4, then @ (/ * (A, B), B), A) would be

a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 16
45. The smallest number which when divided by 3, 6 or 7 leaves a reminder of 2, is
a) 44 b) 62 c) 80 d) 86

46. If 137 persons signed to participate in an elimination tournament, the total number of matches
played in the tournament is
a) 136 b) 137 c) 138 d) 139

47. A report has 20 sheets, each of 55 lines and each such line consists of 65 characters. If the
report has to be retyped, with each sheet having 65 lines and each line having 75
characters, the percentage reduction in the number of sheets is closest to
a) 15 b) 20 c) 25 d) 30

48. Out of 100 families in a neighborhood, 55 own radio, 75 own TV and 25 own VCR. Only 10
families have all three of radio, TV and VCR and each VCR owner also has a TV. If 25
families have only radio, the number of families having only TV is
a) 30 b) 35 c) 40 d) 45

49. John bought five mangoes and ten oranges together for sixty rupees. Later he returned one
mango and got two oranges in exchange. The price of an orange would be
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

50. A ship leaves on a long voyage. When it is 180 miles from the shore, a seaplane whose
speed is ten times that of the ship, is sent to deliver mail. How far from the shore does the
seaplane catch up with the ship?
a) 200 b) 220 c) 20 d) 22

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Directions for Questions 51 to 55 :

Comparison of EPS and CEPS of five companies in the Oil Industry for the year 1997-98

70
65
60
56.8
55
50
45 43.8
40
35
30 43.3
25
20 19.1
15
10
5
3.75
0
-5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

The number inside/besides the circle shows the value of the Cash Earning Per Share (CEPS)
while the Y axis shows the value of the Earning Per Share (EPS) in Rs.

51. Which Company has the highest ratio of EPS to CEPS?

a) Company 1 b) Company 2 c) Company 3 d) Company 5

52. The ratio of the EPS of Company 1 to Company 5 is :

a) 1.50 b) 2.27 c) 1.56 d) 1.25

53. Which Company has the highest ratio of CEPS to EPS?

a) Company 1 b) Company 3 c) Company 4 d) Company 5

54. What is the sum of the EPS of all the 5 Companies?

a) 156 b) 165 c) 130 d) 85

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55. If the EPS of Company 4 grows by 43% next year its EPS in 1998-99 will be:
a) 48 b) 41 c) 32 d) 63

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following data :

Prof. Dinkar rated the performance of all the male and female students of his class as Average,
Good or Excellent and stored the data on a floppy. However, the floppy got corrupted and part of
the data has been lost. The data that could be retrieved have been given below :
PERFORMANCE
Average Good Excellent Total
Male 10
Female 32
Total 30
The professor also managed to gather the following information
a) Half the students were either excellent or good.
b) 40% of the students were female.
c) A third of the male students were Average.

56. How many of the female students are excellent?

a) 0 b) 8 c) 16 d) 32

57. What proportion of the good students are male?

a) 0 b) 0.73 c) 0.4 d) 1.0

58. What proportion of female students are good?

a) 0 b) 0.25 c) 0.5 d) 1.0

59. How many students are male and good?

a) 10 b) 16 c) 22 d) 48

60. Among the average students, what is the ratio of male to female students?
a) 1 : 2 b) 2 : 1 c) 3 : 2 d) 2 : 3

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Directions for Questions 61 to 65 :

Production and Consumption of Trinkets in India

260 240
250
125

220 240 260

200

1994 1995 1996 1997

Production Consumption

61. Assuming there was no stock of trinkets in India at the beginning of 1994, which of the
following statements is true for 1997?
a) India would have exported trinkets
b) India would have imported trinkets
c) India would have neither exported nor imported trinkets
d) Insufficient Data

62. In which year was the consumption of trinkets as a percentage of domestic production the highest?
a) 1994 b) 1995 c) 1996 d) 1997

63. If the production is expected to go up in 1998 by 10% over the previous year and the
consumption is expected to go down by 20%, what is the excess of domestic production
over consumption of trinkets in 1998?
a) 33% b) 23% c) 30% d) 49%

64. Excess production is exported in the same year and shortfall in production is met by imports.
Imports as a percentage consumption in 1996 is
a) 7.7% b) 8.3% c) 7.8% d) 8.4%

65. The average consumption per year from 1994 to 1997 was double the consumption in 1993.
The domestic production in 1993 was 15% more than the average production from 1994 to
1997. The percentage domestic production over consumption in 1993 was closest to

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 a) 183% b) 138% c) 242% d) 287%

Directions for Qns 66 to 70 : The table below gives the accidents and mortality figures in the
Coal Industry.

FATALITY RATES SERIOUS INJURY RATES

YEAR
(per m.t. of production) (per m.t. of production)
1973 2.05 17.3
1978 1.73 13.78
1983 1.36 8.7
1984 1.05 4.73
1985 1.15 3.84
1986 1.07 3.62
1987 0.90 3.66
1988 0.90 3.40
1989 0.85 3.15

66. If in 1986, there were 140 fatalities which of the following best represents the coal production
that year (in million tonnes)?
a) 120 b) 125 c) 130 d) 135

67. The figures given above were released in Dec. 1, 1989. After the figures were released, 5% of the
seriously injured workers died. What is the percentage increase that the fatalities figure for that
year should undergo as a result assuming there were no fresh accidents in December 1989?
a) 20% b) 18.5% c) 19.5% d) Insufficient Data

68. If the number of serious injuries in 1983 is 435, what is the approximate number of fatalities that year?
a) 68 b) 9 c) 36 d) Insufficient Data

69. What is the average annual fatality rate for the period 1983 to 1987 (per mt. of production)?
a) 1.63 b) 1.13 c) 1.31 d) Insufficient Data

70. The total production of coal in 1989 was 225 million tonnes. What was the total number of
seriously injured people and fatalities in 1989?
a) 709 b) 990 c) 900 d) None of these

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Directions for questions 71 to 80 :

A public warehouse offers warehousing services to the general public; a private, or captive,
warehouse is maintained by a manufacturer for his exclusive use.
Operationally, a public warehouse functions much like its public counterpart. Goods are
received in volume, placed in storage and dispensed as orders are received at the warehouse. But
because the public warehouse usually serves a number of stores that sell to the same customers, it
can achieve important economies both in assembling orders and in consolidating deliveries or
shipments. Each of four manufacturers selling to a given retail outlet might, for example, have an
order amounting to a quarter truckload, in which case the goods are stored in a public warehouse.
The public warehouseman can consolidate all four orders into a single shipment at a lower rate.
Such economies become even more significant in the case of so called fungible goods;
i.e. products like grain and certain chemicals that have identical specifications and quality
standards and are stored together without differentiation as to ownership. Thus a liquid chemical
produced by manufacturer A may be stored in a tank along with chemicals of the same standard
produced by manufacturers B and C. The customer of A receives a product that is a mixture of the
products of manufacturers A, B and C but since the quality is identical, this is of no concern, and
joint storage and economy of scale allow a lower price to be set than would otherwise be possible.
Although branded goods stored in a public warehouse are not fungible in the sense of
standard commodities, a public warehouse may undertake to maintain in joint storage all products
of a manufacturer placed in storage and subsequently sold but not removed from the premises.
The public warehouse does not physically segregate the merchandise sold to retailer A from that
sold to retailer B but merely insures that an adequate inventory is on hand to serve both as store
orders comes in. By eliminating the intermediate order picking and shipping directly to the stores
of a chain rather to its distribution center for re-handling, the public warehouse can offer important
advantages to both the stores and his customers.
From the user’s point of view, another major advantage of public warehousing is its
flexibility and availability for use on an as-needed basis. This is particularly attractive to the firm
with seasonal items or fluctuating storage requirements, where facilities of sufficient capacity to
accommodate the storage peaks would be seriously underutilized during storage valleys. The
somewhat higher storage and handling costs involved in using a public warehouse are usually
more than offset by the savings realized by not investing in an efficient facility.
Public warehousing is also advantageous in test marketing in a single country or region.
The availability of public warehousing makes it possible for a manufacturer to maintain an
adequate supply of his product to meet the demand generated by advertising and promotion in
the test market without a permanent commitment to large fixed facilities.
Many public warehouses perform a number of so called accessorial services in addition
to those directly associated worth handling, storing and documenting the goods of their
customers. Among these are bottling, bagging and drumming from products shipped in volume,
repair and reclamation of damaged products, recall storage and disposition of defective or
contaminated products; equipment servicing; provision of office and display space; and
performance of export – import services. Since these services, too, are available on an as
needed basis, the storer who has only occasional need for them often finds it more practical to
use the services of a public warehouse than to maintain his own staff and facilities.
A number of useful financial services are often available from public warehousing firms.
Important among these are loans on goods held in storage and field warehousing in which a
public warehouse firm takes custody of goods at the manufacturer’s location so that they may be
used as collateral for a loan without having to be physically removed. A number of public
warehousing firms have entered the business of financing and constructing warehouses to be
operated by manufacturing firms as captive facilities, in some instances even assuming
responsibility for their operation.
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 Though many firms find public warehousing advantageous, either as an alternative to
operating their own facilities or as a supplement to existing captive warehouse, it must also be
recognized that there are some disadvantages. One of these is curtailed control over the physical
handling of their products and over the customer service function. While the public
warehouseman may in actual fact perform both of these activities as well as the firm itself, the
storer must compete for both service and attention with other customers of the public warehouse.
He must recognize that if he is a small or intermittent customer his products and his customers
may not get the same care and attention they would if he operated his own warehouse.
An advantage of the private, or captive, warehouse is the degree of control the
manufacturer can exercise over its operations. This is particularly important when the warehouse
operation must be coordinated with both plant operations and customer requirements. If the
product requires special handling or storage equipment, protection or climate control, the firm
may have to operate its own facilities simply because there are no adequate public facilities
available. For the retail firm, private warehousing is usually both desirable and necessary; by
controlling both the warehousing and the actual distribution of its products and their movement to
sales areas in the stores. The firm can exercise controls and achieve economies that would not
normally be possible in a segments operation using public warehousing.
A disadvantage of private, or captive, warehousing is that costs are frequently high
because of periodic under utilization of personal and facilities and fluctuating volumes. Too much
emphasis on customer service may burden the warehouse with an excessive number of emergency
orders resulting in high levels of overtime during some periods and equally high levels of idle time at
other times. Some management problems are inevitable; the firm that operates its own warehouses
is in effect in the warehousing business on a relatively small scale, but with management problems
comparable to those it would have if it were in the warehousing business on a large scale.

71. A unit of fungible goods is

a) A specific product delivered to a customer.
b) A mixture of products that have identical specifications and quality
standards, hence stored together without differentiation as to ownership.
c) A mixture of products that may be attacked by fungus, hence proper
care is to be taken.
d) A product that has been fumigated against attack of fungus.

72. Public and private warehouses differ regarding

a) volume of the operation b) method of delivery of goods
c) method of storage d) ownership of the warehouse

73. The passage is most probably taken from :

a) An economic journal b) A book on
marketing managerial system
c) A business journal d) None of these

74. The disadvantage of public warehousing is

a) It flexibility and availability for use on as-needed basis.
b) Its use during test marketing in a single country.
c) Curtailed control over the physical handling of their products.
d) Ability to perform accessorial services.

75. The attractive feature(s) of a public warehouse to a firm with highly seasonal items is (are) :
I. facility of sufficient capacity though at a higher cost
II. bottling, bagging and drumming of products

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III. the savings realized by not investing in an inefficient facility.
a) Only I b) I and II c) I and III d) All the these.
76. A retail firm mainly gains advantage by using the services of :
a) Both private and public warehouses b) either private or public warehouse
c) Public warehouse d) private warehouse

77. Field warehousing facilitates :

a) in securing a loan by acting as a collateral, at the warehouse
b) removal of the produce to the warehouse directly from the field
thereby avoiding contamination
c) in securing a loan with no physical disturbances from the actual site
of storage
d) a manufacturing firm to secure a loan and thereby build warehouses.

78. According to the author, there may be prejudice against a small time storer when he uses a
public warehouse because
I. he may shift loyalties to other warehouses managed by other agencies
II. he may have to compete with other major customers for both service and attention
III. he underutilized the so called accesorial services provided by them.
a) Only I b) Only II c) Only III d) All of these

79. The advantages of captive warehousing are the following except :

a) high emphasis on customer services
b) controlled climatic conditions
c) coordination of warehouse operation with the requirements of plant
and customers
d) special handling or storage equipment can be readily provided.

80. The author through this passage

a) Supports private warehousing system
b) Discredits private warehousing system
c) Maintains an ambiguous tone
d) Says that the warehousing systems are used according to one’s
needs.

The shortening of life caused by ionizing radiation has been determined for many species,
including mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, dogs. The occurrence of some diseases, such as
leukemia, may increase disproportionately after irradiation, with the degree of increase influenced
by age and sex.
The permanent nature of radiation damage is shown by the comparison of life spans of
irradiated and control populations. An irradiated population dies out like a chronologically older
un-irradiated population. Members of a population given a single dose of X rays or gamma rays in
early adult life die of the same diseases that afflict the un-irradiated control population, but they
die months or even years earlier.
Continuous irradiation throughout life at low dose rates speeds the mortality process. It is
not yet clear if the molecular damage produced by such irradiation is the same as the molecular
changes that accompany natural aging. Studies of animals and of cells grown in culture suggest
that large doses of radiation kill by producing deleterious rearrangements of chromosomes in the
proliferative cell population. Such aberrations also increase with age, but they seem to be less
important in the natural aging process. At low radiation doses, chromosomes aberrations become
relatively less important than other effects, and the primary radiation damage in these conditions
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may bear a closer relation to the aging lesion. Under conditions of low dose irradiation, however,
the only definite effect is slightly increased cancer incidence; a generalized aging effect has not
yet been observed.
Natural radioactivity in the body, arising mostly from radioactive potassium and radium, and
natural background irradiation, from the Earth and from cosmic rays, are not major contributors to the
aging process, even in the long lived human species. They are responsible, however, for a small
percentage of cancer incidence. Although the dose to the body from medical radiation is a fraction of
the background level and the radiation from nuclear weapon test fallout is less than 1 percent of the
background, both sources contribute to cancer induction in proportion to their amounts.
Flour beetles, fruit flies, fishes, and other poikilothermic organisms live longer at the lower
range of environmental temperature. These observations led to the rate of living hypothesis,
which, simply stated, holds that an organism’s life span is dependent on some critical substance
that is exhausted more rapidly at higher temperature. Careful analysis of the data on temperature
longevity relations shows, however, that the rate of living hypothesis is inadequate in its original
form. The most telling evidence comes from experiments in which fruit flies were kept at one
temperature for part of their lives and at another temperature for the remainder. The results are
not consistent with rate of living hypothesis, but no satisfactory theory has appeared as yet to
take its place. An important factor that has not yet been adequately taken into account is the
relation of metabolic efficiency to temperature. The energy cost of the biosynthetic process
studied has been discovered to be minimal at an intermediate temperature in the range to which
the species is adapted and to increase at higher or lower temperatures. A related phenomenon
holds for longevity; the number of calories expended by fruit flies per lifetime is maximal at an
intermediate temperature, so the rate of aging per calorie is minimal at the at that temperature.
There is a question of the degree to which aging occurs as a result of heat destruction
(thermal denaturation) of proteins. Thermal denaturation is predominately a disruption of the
folding of molecules, which requires the breaking of numbers of low energy bonds. It seems not
to be strong contributing factor to aging. There is still the possibility that rare events, such as
mutations, may arise to a significant degree from thermal denaturation.
One of the most important assets of an animal is its chewing apparatus, including jaws
and teeth. Adaptations include higher tooth crowns, larger grinding area, and longer tooth growth
period. Tooth wear may be limiting for survival in adverse environments, but, on the whole, it is
not an important life limiting characteristic. The same can be said for other external organs
subject to physical wear.
The populations in poor environments, characterized by high rates of infectious disease
and poor nutrition, have higher death rates than population in good environments at all ages, yet
there is no positive evidence that disadvantaged populations experience a higher rate of aging.
Rats kept on diets restricted in calories live longer and have lower cancer incidence than
do that are allowed to eat at will; maximum longevity, however, is achieved at a nutritional level
that keeps the animal sexually immature and below normal weight.
81. Large dose of radiation kill by
a) enhancing the rate of aging
b) producing harmful rearrangements of chromosomes.
c) causing deadly diseases like leukemia
d) obstructing proliferative call population.
82. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
a) Large dose of radiation kill by obstructing proliferative cell population
b) Aging as a result of heat destruction is a disputed fact
c) The death of an irradiated population is similar to that of the death of
a chronologically older un-irradiated population
d) Chromosomal aberrations bear a closer relation to the aging lesion.
83. The term poikilothermic organisms refers to
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 a) Cold blooded animals which do not maintain their own body
temperature.
b) Warm blooded animals which do not maintain variable temperature.
c) The animals living at lower range of environmental temperature
having small crystals of minerals irregularly scattered.
d) The organism like fishes, fruit flies, flour beetles, living under varied
environmental conditions.
84. According to the passage, the ‘rate of living’ hypothesis
a) is supported by longevity of poikilothermic organisms at higher range
of environmental temperature
b) says that the lifespan of an organism depends on the temperature
range in which it lives
c) considers the relation of metabolic efficiency of an organism’s
temperature
d) is disputed by the analysis of the data on temperature longevity
relation.

85. A fallout of thermal denaturation that may contribute significantly to aging is

a) disruption of folding of molecules b) breaking of number of low energy bonds
c) destruction of protein d) mutations

86. The main idea of this passage is to study

a) external causes of aging
b) Effects of radiation and temperature on longevity of rats, fruit flies,
etc.
c) Longevity of various groups of animals.
d) The longevity of various groups of animals and compare the effects
of radiation temperature etc., on longevity of rats, fruit flies and fishes.

Gymnosperms are among the most valuable timber trees. Major source in the Northern
Hemisphere are pines, douglas firs, cedars and the red wood, and in the Southern Hemisphere
kauris, podocarps, sacrydiums, and araucaria. Important sources of pulp wood for paper
manufacturers are hemlocks, spruces, firs and pines. Gymnosperm wood is softwood, structurally
different from the wood of angiospermous trees; despite that designation, a few Gymnosperms
produce wood that is harder and heavier than that of some angiosperms.
Gymnosperms rank high in value and popularity as ornamental plants. Pines, spruces,
douglas firs, cedars, junipers, larches, arborvitaes, hemlocks, yews, podocarps, Cunninghamia,
Chamaecyparis, araucarias, ginko and cycads, are well represented in cultivation. Some of these,
particularly spruces, junipers and Chamaecyparis are notable for their many horticultural forms.
Of these Gymnosperms which grow in greenhouses, cycads, araucarias, and kauris are perhaps
the most common. Most Gymnopserms grow to be too large for use as house plants, but juvenile
forms of some, such as the aruacarias, are popular. Some Gymnosperms e.g. pines and junipers
are used in bonsai, the Japanese art of tree dwarfing.
Gymnosperms are of limited significance as food plants. Pine nuts, the seeds of the
pinyon, or nut, pines are a minor article of commerce. Seeds of araucarias, ginkogo, gnetums,
and Torreya are eaten locally by humans. Of all the gymnosperms, however, the cycads have
been most used as a food source, especially Cycads, Encepholartos, Macozamia and Zamia.
They yield a starch, either from the seeds or from the stems, important particularly in areas of
periodic famine or where the food supply is naturally limited. In the preparation of cycad starch,
the seed kernels and the stem core are treated in various ways often with water to separate the
starch called Florida arrowroot from Zamia stems, a pioneer industry in Florida, continued until
ERUDITE EDUCATIONAL CENTRE 16 1RPST00
 the mid 1920s. The only gymnosperm of importance as a flavouring is the common juniper,
whose berries contain an essential oil widely used to impart a distinctive flavour to gin and other
alcoholic beverages.
Some gymnosperms are of prime benefit as source of food and cover for wildlife. Pines
for example, furnish nutritious seeds for many birds and edible foliage and twigs for browsing
mammals. Other gymnosperms of similar significance are spruces, hemlocks, firs, junipers and
joint firs. The seeds of some cycads are eaten by animals; Encephalartos seeds have been taken
in such quantity by baboons in southern Africa that the cycad is threatened with extinction.
On the other hand, the leaves of pines, cypresses, junipers, yews and cycads are
dangerous to browsing livestock. Poisoning of stock by ingestion of cycads is especially common
in parts of Australia, where cycad eradication on ranges has been attempted. Cycad seeds are
poisonous to humans. The use of cycad seed and cycad stems starch for food is, therefore
dangerous unless the poisonous substances are removed or made harmless by special
treatment. In area where cycads are used as food plants, they have been implicated in the high
incidence of certain neurological disorders. The attractive seeds of yews, with their scarlet fleshy
covering and hard kernel, have caused death in humans.
Gymnosperms such as spruces, pines, junipers, firs, hemlocks and arborvitaes are the
source of essential oils used widely in industry as scents in soap, air fresheners, disinfectants,
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and perfumes. These oils, obtained by distillation, are used primarily
for their pleasing aromas, but also, in certain cases, for odour fixative or antiseptic properties.
Tannins, basic to the manufacture of leather from animal skins, are derived from many kinds of
plants including, among the gymnosperms, hemlocks and spruces, which have a tannin rich bark.

87. Pick out the odd man out :

a) Pines b) Douglas firs c) Kauris d) Red Wood

88. The most common gymnosperms grown in greenhouses are

a) Cycads, araucarias and kauris b) Cycads, araucarias and ginko
c) Larches, cycads, yews and firs d) spruces, junipers and kauris

89. Florida arrowroot is a type of

a) Arrowroot found in Florida b) an extract of starch from macrozamia
c) Juniper that has its origin in Florida d) starch extracted from Zamia kauris

90. A small version of which of the following is used for domestic decoration?
a) Pines b) Araucarias c) Junipers d) Spruces

91. Which of the following statements are true?

I. Cycads are poisonous for live stock.
II. Cycads seeds are not poisonous for baboons.
III. Cycads seeds are not poisonous for humans.
a) Only I and III b) Only II and III c) Only I and II d) All of these

92. The gymnosperms most used as a food source by humans are

a) Cycads b) Florida Arrowroot c) Pinyon d) Zamia

93. Oils from gymnosperms are used for extracts useful in leather industry?
I. Aroma II. Antiseptic properties III. Odour fixative properties
a) Only I b) Only II and III c) Only I and II d) All three

94. Which part of the gymnosperms is used for extracts useful in leather industry?

ERUDITE EDUCATIONAL CENTRE 17 1RPST00

 a) Roots b) Seeds c) Bark d) Leaves

95. Which of the following statements are not true?

I. Timber trees are a type of gymnosperms.
II. Although angiosperms are basically soft some of them produce wood heavier and
harder than that produced by some gymnosperms.
III. Gymnosperms are good ornamental value.
a) Only I and II b) Only II c) Only II and III d) Only I and III

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: Answers :
1. B 43. A 85. D
2. B 44. A 86. A
3. A 45. A 87. C
4. D 46. A 88. A
5. A 47. C 89. D
6. B 48. A 90. B
7. B 49. C 91. C
8. A 50. A 92. A
9. A 51. D 93. D
10. B 52. C 94. C
11. C 53. B 95. B
12. B 54. A
13. A 55. D
14. B 56. A
15. A 57. B
16. C 58. B
17. D 59. C
18. D 60. D
19. C 61. C
20. B 62. B
21. A 63. A
22. D 64. D
23. D 65. C
24. B 66. D
25. C 67. B
26. C 68. D
27. D 69. A
28. B 70. C
29. A 71. B
30. C 72. D
31. A 73. A
32. D 74. C
33. B 75. B or D
34. B 76. D
35. D 77. C
36. D 78. B
37. D 79. B
38. B 80. D
39. D 81. B
40. B 82. C
41. D 83. A
42. C 84. D