I. READING COMPREHENSION
Task 1 - Read the text below. Then, read the statements that follow it and mark them as true or
false (T/F). 40 points
The Lady with the Lamp
Less than 200 years ago, most hospitals were dirty and unhealthy places. Then, one person
changed everything. Florence Nightingale was the first great nurse of the world. She changed nursing
into a respected profession, and she set standards for clean, safe hospitals all over the world. Her picture
hangs on the walls of many hospitals.
When Florence was twelve years old, she decided she wanted to do something useful with
her life. She enjoyed visiting sick people in the neighbourhood.
Florence was very special because most Victorian middle-class women didn't have careers,
but Florence wanted to become a nurse. Her parents wanted her to get married, but their disapproval
didn't stop her from doing what she wanted.
Florence went to Germany to learn about nursing. At that time, nurses learned through
experience, not through training. Florence looked after sick people, gave them medicine and helped
during operations.
In 1854, Britain entered the Crimean War. Florence and a team of 38 nurses went to the
Crimea to help the wounded soldiers. The military hospitals were dirty and badly organized. Florence
made the hospitals clean and safe. The number of deaths in hospitals went down from 40% to 2%.
Florence was kind and gentle with the soldiers. She talked to them and gave them hope.
When she walked around the hospital at night, she carried a lamp and that's how she got the title 'The
Lady with the Lamp'.
After the war, Florence wrote a book explaining how to make hospitals better. People from
all over the world asked for her advice on designing hospitals. Florence thought that nurses should learn
through both experience and training. In 1860, she opened her training school for nurses. Today, the
Nightingale Nurses still care for the sick and the poor.
Florence died on 13th August 1910 in London. She was 90 years old. On her gravestone, it
says "F. N. Born 1820. Died 1910." She didn't want any other memorial.
1. In the future the public will have a wider __________________ of television programs. (CHOOSE)