Curved Modelling PDF

Hull Detailed Design
Curved Modelling
User Guide
AVEVA Solutions Limited
Disclaimer
1.1 AVEVA does not warrant that the use of the AVEVA software will be uninterrupted, error-free or free from
viruses.
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anticipated savings; loss of goods; loss of contract; loss of use; loss or corruption of data or information; any
special, indirect, consequential or pure economic loss, costs, damages, charges or expenses which may be
suffered by the user, including any loss suffered by the user resulting from the inaccuracy or invalidity of any data
created by the AVEVA software, irrespective of whether such losses are suffered directly or indirectly, or arise in
contract, tort (including negligence) or otherwise.
1.3 AVEVA's total liability in contract, tort (including negligence), or otherwise, arising in connection with the
performance of the AVEVA software shall be limited to 100% of the licence fees paid in the year in which the user's
claim is brought.
1.4 Clauses 1.1 to 1.3 shall apply to the fullest extent permissible at law.
1.5 In the event of any conflict between the above clauses and the analogous clauses in the software licence under
which the AVEVA software was purchased, the clauses in the software licence shall take precedence.
Copyright
Copyright and all other intellectual property rights in this manual and the associated software, and every part of it
(including source code, object code, any data contained in it, the manual and any other documentation supplied
with it) belongs to, or is validly licensed by, AVEVA Solutions Limited or its subsidiaries.
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made.
The manual and associated documentation may not be adapted, reproduced, or copied, in any material or
electronic form, without the prior written permission of AVEVA Solutions Limited. The user may not reverse
engineer, decompile, copy, or adapt the software. Neither the whole, nor part of the software described in this
publication may be incorporated into any third-party software, product, machine, or system without the prior written
permission of AVEVA Solutions Limited, save as permitted by law. Any such unauthorised action is strictly
prohibited, and may give rise to civil liabilities and criminal prosecution.
The AVEVA software described in this guide is to be installed and operated strictly in accordance with the terms
and conditions of the respective software licences, and in accordance with the relevant User Documentation.
Unauthorised or unlicensed use of the software is strictly prohibited.
Copyright 1974 to current year. AVEVA Solutions Limited and its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. AVEVA shall not
be liable for any breach or infringement of a third party's intellectual property rights where such breach results from
a user's modification of the AVEVA software or associated documentation.
AVEVA Solutions Limited, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HB, United Kingdom.
Trademark
AVEVA and Tribon are registered trademarks of AVEVA Solutions Limited or its subsidiaries. Unauthorised use of
the AVEVA or Tribon trademarks is strictly forbidden.
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subsidiaries, registered in the UK, Europe and other countries (worldwide).
The copyright, trademark rights, or other intellectual property rights in any other product or software, its name or
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Hull Detail Design Curved Modelling User Guide
Revision Sheet
Date Version Comments / Remarks

September 2011 12.1 Issued
September 2011 12.1 Updated Chapter Operators Instructions Curved Model: View -
Shell Expansion
September 2011 12.1 Updated Chapter Default Parameters of Curved Hull: 4.2.2
Shell Expansion
September 2011 12.1 Updated Chapter Interactive Functions, Curved Hull Menu:
2.5.1 Shell Expansion View
January 2012 Copyright added to all pages.
January 2012 12.1.SP2Hot Fix Updated images in chapter interactive Functions, Curved Hull
Menu
February 2012 12.1.SP3 Removed Tribon
February 2013 12.1.SP4 Removed deprecated Curved Hull functions; Convert Seamgen,
Convert Profgen, Convert Cpangen and chapter Compatibility
Considerations of Curved Hull.
Hull Detail Design Curved Modelling User Guide
Hull Detailed Design Curved Modelling User Guide
Contents
Contents Page
Curved Modelling
Operators Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operators Instructions Curved Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Create Seam/Butt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Create Shell Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Create Shell Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
Split Symmetric Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:4
Shell Stiffener - Split. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:4
Shell Stiffener - Combine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Shell Stiffener - Modify Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Shell Stiffener - To Manufacturing DB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
Create Feature - Hole. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
Create Feature - Notch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:7
Create Feature - Cutout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:8
Create Feature - Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:8
Create Curved Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:9
Combine Curved Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:10
Create Hull Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:10
Create Storable Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:11
Create Storable Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:11
Create Curved Surface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:12
Delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:12
Recreate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:13
Modify . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:13
Copyright 1974 to current year. i 12 Series

AVEVA Solutions Limited and its subsidiaries.
All rights reserved.
Contents
Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:14
Geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:14
Point - 3 Coords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:14
Point - On Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:15
Point - Curve + Plane/Plane Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:16
Point - Moved Along Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:16
Point - At Intersecting Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:17
Point - Reflected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:17
Plane - Principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:18
Plane - 3 Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:18
Plane - 2 Points + Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:19
Plane - 2 Points + Angle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:19
Plane - Rotated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:20
Plane - Reflected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:21
General Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:21
Shell Curve - By Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:22
Shell Curve - By General Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:22
Shell Curve - Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:23
Shell Curve - Combined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:23
Shell Curve - From External Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:24
Shell Curve - Reflected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:24
Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:25
Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:25
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:25
View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:26
Shell Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:26
Bodyplan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:27
Developed Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:28
Shell Stiffener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:29
Curved Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:29
Recreate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:30
Select ............................................................. 1:30
Modify ............................................................. 1:30
Select . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:31
In Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:31
Advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:31
Apply ............................................................. 1:32
Apply and Deactivate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:32
Deactivate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:33
Copyright 1974 to current year. ii 12 Series

Contents
Deactivate All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:33

List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:33
Show Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:34
Users Guide Interactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interactive Curved Hull Modelling, Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Purpose of the Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Restriction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Relation Between Curved Hull and other Hull Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Programs Producing Basic Information for Curved Hull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
Support Modules for Curved Hull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
Programs Using Information Produced in Curved Hull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
Interactive Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
The Idea of a Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
User Interaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:4
Model Objects of Curved Hull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:4
Generation of Model Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
The Naming of Seams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
The Naming of Longitudinals, Transversals, Shell Stiffeners and Shell Profile Trace Curves . .
1:6
The Naming of Shell Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
The Naming of Curved Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
The Naming of Hull Curves, Storable Points and StorablePlanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:7
The Default Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:7
The Default Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:7
Interactive Functions, Curved Hull Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
The Model Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Create Seam/Butt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
There are some curves in the select list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
There are no curves in the select list. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:3
Create Shell Plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:6
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:7
Limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:9
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:11
Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:12
Copyright 1974 to current year. iii 12 Series

Contents
Shell Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:13

Create Shell Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:13
Split Symmetric Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:17
Shell Stiffener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:18
Split ........................................................................... 2:18
Combine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:19
Modify Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:19
To Manufacturing DB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:19
Create Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:19
Hole ........................................................................... 2:20
Notch ........................................................................... 2:21
Cutout ........................................................................... 2:22
Marking ........................................................................... 2:23
Curved Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:24
Create Curved Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:24
Combine Curved Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:29
Create Hull Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:29
Create Storable Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:31
Create Storable Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:31
Delete ............................................................. 2:32
Recreate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:32
Modify ............................................................. 2:32
Modifying Shell Stiffeners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:33
Topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:36
The Geometry Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:37
The Point Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:37
Three Co-ordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:37
Point on Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:38
Intersection of a Curve and a Plane/Plane Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:39
Point Moved along Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:40
Intersection of Two Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:41
Reflected Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:42
The Plane Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:42
Principal Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:42
Plane Defined by Three Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:43
Plane Defined by Two Points and a Principal Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:43
Plane Defined by Two Points and an Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:45
Rotated Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:47
Reflected Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:48
The General Cylinder Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:48
The Directrix Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:49
The General Cylinder Data Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:50
The Modify General Cylinder Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:51
The Shell Curve Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:51
Curve By Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:51
Curve By General Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:52
Parallel Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:53
Combined Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:54
Copyright 1974 to current year. iv 12 Series

Contents
Curve from Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:55

Reflected Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:55
The Default Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:56

Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:56
Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:56
The View Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:57
Shell Expansion View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:57
Bodyplan View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:59
Developed Plate View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:61
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:62
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:63
Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:64
Shell Stiffener View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:66
Curved Panel View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:66
Recreate View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:69
Select View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:69
Modify View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:69
The Select Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:70
In Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:70
Advanced Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:70
Apply ............................................................. 2:72
Apply and Deactivate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:72
Deactivate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:72
Deactivate All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:73
List ............................................................. 2:73
Show Object Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:73
The Batch Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:73
Generate In Batch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:73
Output XML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:74
Interactive Functions, Hull Tools Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
The Curve Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
Create Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
Input ............................................................................ 3:1
The Common Part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
Defining the Plane at a Principal Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:2
Defining the Plane by Three Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:4
Defining the Plane by a Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:5
Store Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:5
Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6
Copyright 1974 to current year. v 12 Series

Contents
Default Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6

Production Program Interface Hull. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6
Dimensioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6
Coordinates and Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:7
Recreate Limit Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:8
Default Parameters of Curved Hull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1
Organisation of the Default File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1
Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1
General Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1
Shell Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2
Plate Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:3
Symbolic Picture Derivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:3
Drawing Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:3
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:3
Modelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:6
Users Guide Batch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

XML Based Input Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Plate Development Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Shell Plate Development, Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Workshop Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Definitions, Restrictions and Development Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Edges/Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Baseline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Strips .............................................................. 1:3
Plate Contours . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Gaps/Overlaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Roll Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
Special Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
Plate Sketch for Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:7
Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mould Data on Shell Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Copyright 1974 to current year. vi 12 Series

Contents
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1

Set-up of Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Output Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Interpreted Input File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Items in Resulting List File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Hull Geometry Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Set-up of Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Record Type 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:2
Record Type 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:2
Record Type 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:3
Record Type 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:3
Record Type 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:4
Record Type 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:4
Record Type 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:5
Record Type 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:5
Record Type 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:6
Record Type 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:8
Input Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:9
Example of Record Type 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:9
Example of Record Type 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:10
Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:10
Record Type 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:11
Record Type 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:11
Record Type 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:11
Record Type 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:12
Record Type 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:12
Record Type 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:12
Record Type 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:13
Record Type 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:14
Record Type 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:14
Record Type 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:14
Compatibility with Older Versions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:14
Verify Curved Hull References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
Copyright 1974 to current year. vii 12 Series

Contents
Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:2
Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:3
Copyright 1974 to current year. viii 12 Series

Operators Instructions


Operators Instructions Curved Modelling
Model
Create Seam/Butt
Purpose: To create or modify a seam or butt in a hull surface.
Prerequisites: None.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a curve

definition, a seam name and symmetry information.
If a curve is already selected, it will be used as the
curve definition. If several curves are selected, the
seams may be automatically named. In this case,
the user must enter the first seam name.
The seam may also be marked as a block limit
seam, which will be drawn differently than other
seams in some views. The seam may be symmetric
(if the curve is defined on portside), port side specific
(again, curve defined on portside), starboard specific
(if the curve is defined on starboard) or over the
centreline (if the curve extends over the centreline).
In modify mode, the user may change any part of the

seam, including its name and box. The Modify
Curve button lets the user change the curve
definition. Since the seam is trimmed with the box,
the extension of the seam can be changed by
modifying the box co-ordinates.
Options: Not available.
Result: In create mode, a new seam will be created and

selected. The Apply function must be used to store
the seam on the hull form data bank.
In modify mode, the selected seam will be updated
with the new definition data. To make the changes
permanent, Apply must be used. Using the
Deactivate function before the seam has been
stored will undo the changes.
Copyright 1974 to current year. 1:1 12 Series

Create Shell Plate
Purpose: To create or modify a shell plate.
Prerequisites: The seams and butts forming the shell plate or shell
plates must exist.
Instructions: In create mode, this function can be used either to

create a single shell plate, or several plates
generated by a grid of intersecting seams and butts.
If a temporary plate has been created via the
Developed Plate function in the View menu and is
still selected, this one will be used as input to this
function, and the user will not be prompted to pick
any seams and butts.
In the single plate case the user is prompted to
indicate which seams and butts to use if no plate is
selected. These must be indicated in a clock-wise
direction when seen from the inside of the ship. The
plate may have three to twelve edges. The user must
end the picking of seams and butts with Operation
Complete.
In case the user wants to create several plates by a

seam/butt grid, he will first be prompted to indicate
butts from the aft end and forward. When the picking
of butts has been finished with Operation
Complete, the user will be asked to indicate seams
from the top or side of the ship and towards the
centre line.
When all seams and butts have been picked, the

plate data form will appear. This form is used to enter
all main plate data such as symmetry information,
position number, thickness, material quality,
bevelling and excess. If several plates should be
created at once, Auto Numbering may be checked
to automatically set the position number of all plates.
Only the position number of the first plate is then
entered, and this number will be increased by one for
each new plate. If All is checked, the entered plate
data will be valid for all plates created. Otherwise,
the user will be prompted to fill in the form for every
plate.
Finally, the plate name form must be filled in to give

the plate names. If Add Posno is checked, the
position number of a plate will be added at the end of
the name given in the Plate Name field. The Auto
Name check box is used to automatically form plate
names. If Add Posno is also checked, this is done
by adding a dash followed by the position number at
the end. Otherwise, this is done the same way as for
hull curves and storable planes.

In modify mode, the user can change the definition

data of the shell plate. The same form is used as in
create mode.
Options: None.
Result: In create mode, one or more shell plates will be

created and selected. The Apply function must be
used to commit the creation of the plates.
In modify mode, the shell plate will be updated with
the new definition data and re-developed. To make
changes permanent, Apply must be used. Using the
Deactivate function before the changes have been
applied will undo them.
Create Shell Profile
Purpose: To create a longitudinal or transversal.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a curve definition

and shell profile data, which includes symmetry
information, profile type and dimensions, material
side, etc. If a curve is already selected, it will be used
as the curve definition. If several curves are selected,
the shell profiles may be automatically named. In this
case, the user must enter the first profile number,
which will then be increased by 10 for longitudinals
and 1 for transversals.
The profile may be symmetric (if the curve is defined
on portside), port side specific (again, curve defined
on portside), starboard specific (if the curve is defined
on starboard) or over the centreline (if the curve
extends over the centreline).
Profile type and dimensions can be entered in the
form or selected from lists. The profile data can also
be copied from another shell profile (Same As).

shell profile, including its name and box. The Modify
Curve button lets the user change the curve
definition, and the Modify Box button is used for
changing the shell profile box. Since the shell profile is
trimmed with the box, the extension of the profile can
be changed by modifying the box co-ordinates. If
several shell profiles are selected, All may be
checked to make the same changes to all of them.
The Same Box For All check box may be used to set
the same box for all selected shell profiles.

Result: In create mode, a new shell profile will be created and

selected. A single shell stiffener will also be created.
The Apply function must be used to commit the
creation of the profile and stiffener.
In modify mode, the shell profile will be updated with
the new definition data. To make changes permanent,
Apply must be used. Using the Deactivate function
before the changes have been applied will undo them.
Split Symmetric Profile
Purpose: Split a symmetric shell profile or stiffener into portside and

starboard ones.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: Primarily, symmetric shell profiles or stiffeners already

selected are used as input to this function. If none are
selected, you will be asked to indicate one or more
symmetric objects to split. Commit the splitting operation
with the Apply function, or undo with Deactivate. After
splitting, no connection remains between the two
resulting profiles.
Options: Use Options to switch between picking profiles and

stiffeners.
Result: The selected objects will be split with respect to

symmetry. The resulting shell profiles will be selected.
Shell Stiffener - Split
Purpose: To split an existing shell stiffener into two or more smaller

pieces.
Instructions: A pop-up menu will let the user select what kinds of
objects to split the stiffeners with. If any shell stiffeners are
already selected, these will be split, and if any shell
profiles are selected, the shell stiffeners belonging to
these will be selected. As the final step, the user has to
indicate what objects to use for the splitting. Several shell
stiffeners may be selected at a time, as well as several
splitting objects.

Result: The selected shell stiffeners will be split in the

intersections with the selected splitting objects. The Apply
function must be used to commit the changes for later
storing in the database.
Shell Stiffener - Combine
Purpose: To combine previously split shell stiffeners.
Prerequisites: Two or more shell stiffeners, which can be combined,

must exist. Two shell stiffeners may be combined only if
they are adjacent to each other and belong to the same
curve branch of a shell profile.
Instructions: If no shell stiffeners are selected, the user will be

prompted to indicate which stiffeners to combine. After this
is finished with Operation Complete, or if some stiffeners
were already selected, the stiffeners will be combined.
Result: The selected shell stiffeners will be combined into the

smallest possible number of stiffeners. The Apply function
must be used to commit the changes for later storing of
the shell stiffeners and their shell profiles in the database.
Shell Stiffener - Modify Curve
Purpose: Change the trace curve definition for some, but not all,
stiffeners within a curve branch.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: Any selected shell stiffeners will be used as primary input

to this function. If no stiffeners are selected, you will be
asked to pick one ore more and finish selection with
Operation Complete. After that, update the curve
definition.
Options: None
Result: One or more new curve branches will be created in the

profile (one only if adjoining stiffeners have been selected),
and the trace curve of the selected stiffeners will be
updated. Use Apply to commit the changes for later storing
in the database. To undo, use the Deactivate function
instead.

Shell Stiffener - To Manufacturing DB
Purpose: Generate production parts from shell stiffeners ready for

production, and add a signal to the MIS signal file.
Prerequisites: The shell stiffener or shell stiffeners must exist.
Instructions: Any selected shell stiffeners or shell stiffeners belonging to

any selected shell profiles will be used as primary input to
this function. In case nothing is selected, you will be
prompted to pick shell stiffeners, and end the input with
Operation Complete. When stiffeners have been selected,
parts will be generated in the manufacturing database. Also,
a signal for each stiffener will be output to the MIS signal
file.
Result: Production parts will be generated in the manufacturing

database.
Create Feature - Hole
Purpose: To create one or more holes in a number of shell profiles.
Prerequisites: A shell profile (and thus at least one shell stiffener) must
exist. The environment variable SBH_HOLE_CTRL must be
set.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must indicate one or more

shell profiles in which to create the holes, and then give
a hole definition. If any shell profiles are already
selected, they will be used as input to this function.
The user must enter the position of the hole or holes in

the Positions field. The hole type may be entered in
the form, selected from a list or copied from another
hole (Same As). Alternatively, the hole may be
generated from an arbitrary two-dimensional curve
object (Arbitrary). A distance from the shell profile
trace to the centre of the hole may be set, as well as
the inclination angle of the hole.
In modify mode, the user may change the hole

definition. The modification will only affect the holes in
the selected shell profile. If holes have been created in
several profiles at once, the hole definitions in the
different profiles must be changed one at a time.

Result: In create mode, holes will be created in the selected

shell profiles. The Apply function must be used to
commit the addition of holes to the shell profile.
the new hole definition. To make changes permanent,
Create Feature - Notch
Purpose: To create one or more notches in a number of shell profiles.
exist. The environment variable SBH_NOTCH_CTRL must
be set.

shell profiles in which to create the notches, and then
give a notch definition. If any shell profiles are already
The user may enter notch positions or names of the

seams at which to set notches in the Positions field.
Multiple seam names are separated with a comma.
Reference is used to tell whether co-ordinates or seam
references have been entered. If Indicate Seam Refs
is checked, the user will instead be prompted to pick
seams after the form has been closed with the Ok
button. The notch type may be entered in the form,
selected from a list or copied from another notch (Same
As). Alternatively, the notch may be generated from an
arbitrary two-dimensional curve object (Arbitrary).
In modify mode, the user may change the notch

definition. The modification will only affect the notches
in the selected shell profile. If notches have been
created in several profiles at once, the notch definitions
in the different profiles must be changed one at a time.
Result: In create mode, notches will be created in the selected

commit the addition of notches to the shell profile.
the new notch definition. To make changes permanent,

Create Feature - Cutout
Purpose: To create one or more cutouts in a number of shell profiles.
exist.

shell profiles in which to create the cutouts, and then
give a cutout definition. If any shell profiles are already
The user may enter names of the shell profiles at which
to set cutouts in the Positions field. Multiple profile
names are separated with a comma. If Indicate Shell
Profiles is checked, the user will instead be prompted
to pick shell profiles after the form has been closed with
the Ok button. The cutout type must also be entered in
the Cutout Type field.
In modify mode (Modify was selected in the Model

menu), the user may change the cutout definition. The
modification will only affect the cutouts in the selected
shell profile. If cutouts have been created in several
profiles at once, the cutout definitions in the different
profiles must be changed one at a time.
Result: In create mode, cutouts will be created in the selected

commit the addition of cutouts to the shell profile.
In modify mode, the shell profile will be updated with the
new cutout definition. To make changes permanent,
Create Feature - Marking
Purpose: To create one or more markings in a number of shell profiles.
exist.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must indicate one or more shell
profiles in which to create the markings, and then give a
marking definition. If any shell profiles are already

The user must enter the position of the marking or

markings in the Positions field. The Profile Height and
Symmetric check boxes together with Direction and
Inclination Angle may be used to set the appearance
of the markings. A text may also be entered in the
Marking Text field.
In modify mode, the user may change the marking

definition. The modification will only affect the markings
in the selected shell profile. If markings have been
created in several profiles at once, the marking
definitions in the different profiles must be changed one
at a time.
Result: In create mode, markings will be created in the selected

commit the addition of markings to the shell profile.
In modify mode, the shell profile will be updated with the
new marking definition. To make changes permanent,
Create Curved Panel
Purpose: To create or modify a curved panel.
Prerequisites: Shell plates and shell stiffeners to be included in the panel

must exist.
Instructions: In create mode, you must first enter panel name and
select block and symmetry information. Note that the
panel symmetry must correspond to the symmetry of
plates to be included in the panel. This means that a
symmetric panel may only contain symmetric plates and
a portside or starboard specific panel may contain (the
corresponding instance of) symmetric plates or portside
or starboard specific plates. A CL panel may contain
plates of any symmetry, and all panels may contain
stiffeners of any symmetry.
The next step is to select what parts to be included in
the panel. You are first prompted to indicate (in any
order) all shell plates to include, and then (after
Operation Complete) all shell stiffeners. After that, the
panel will be created.
In modify mode, you may change symmetry

information, block name and panel name. You can also
add or remove shell plates or shell stiffeners by using
one of the Plates or Stiffeners buttons. Click Handle
Holes to add, change or remove holes in the curved
panel.

Result: In create mode, a new curved panel will be created and

selected. The Apply function must be used to commit
the creation of the panel.
In modify mode, the curved panel will be updated with
the new definition data. To make changes permanent,
Combine Curved Panels
Purpose: To combine two or more curved panels
Prerequisites: Two or more adjoining curved panels must exist.
Instructions: If no panels are selected, you will be asked to indicate which

panels to combine. After this is finished with Operation
Complete, or if some panels were already selected, the
panels will be combined.
Options: None
Result: The selected curved panels will be combined. The Apply

function must be used to commit the resulting panel for later
storing in the database. Use the Deactivate function instead
to undo the operation.
Create Hull Curve
Purpose: To create or modify a hull curve in a hull surface.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a curve definition and
a hull curve name. If a curve is already selected, it will be
used as the curve definition. If several curves are
selected, the hull curves may be automatically named. In
this case, the user may enter the name of the first hull
curve, with the numerical part to increase for every
following curve surrounded by "<" and ">" symbols. If "<"
and ">" are not a part of the name, a running number
starting at one will be added at the end of the entered
name. Alternatively, the name may include a repetition
term within "<" and ">", where the repetition term will
generate the names of the curves. Examples of valid
entries in the name field are "HCURVE",
"HCURVE<5>C" and "HCURVE<5(10)25>C" (with the
last example valid only with three selected curves).


hull curve, including its name and box. The Modify
Curve button lets the user change the curve definition.
Since the hull curve is trimmed with the box, the
extension of the hull curve can be changed by modifying
the box co-ordinates.
Options: None.
Result: In create mode, a new hull curve will be created and

selected. The Apply function must be used to commit the
creation of the curve.
In modify mode, the hull curve will be updated with the

new definition data. To make the changes permanent,
Create Storable Plane
Purpose: To create or modify a storable plane.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a plane definition and
a plane name. If a temporary plane (created with one of
the Plane functions in the Geometry menu) is already
selected, it will be used as the plane definition. If several
planes are selected, the storable planes may be
automatically named. The rules for auto-naming of
storable planes are the same as for hull curves.
plane, including its name. The Modify Plane button lets
the user change the plane definition.
Result: In create mode, a new storable plane will be created and

selected. The Store function may be used to store the
plane on the hull form data bank.
In modify mode, the plane will be updated with the new
definition data. To make the changes permanent, Store
must be used. Using the Skip function before the plane
has been stored will undo the changes.
Create Storable Point
Purpose: Create or modify a storable point.
Prerequisites: None

Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a point definition and a
point name. If a temporary point (created with one of the
Point functions in the Geometry menu) is already selected,
it will be used as the point definition. If several points are
selected, the storable points may be automatically named.
The rules for auto-naming of storable points are the same
as for hull curves.
In modify mode, the user may change any part of the point,
including its name. The Modify Point button lets the user
change the point definition.
Result: In create mode, a new storable point will be created and

selected. The Apply function must be used to commit the
creation of the point.
In modify mode, the point will be updated with the new
definition data. To make the changes permanent, Apply
must be used. Using the Deactivate function before the
changes have been applied will undo them.
Create Curved Surface
Purpose: To create or modify a parametric curved surface
Prerequisites:. The TID Surface system must be in use.
Instructions: A dialogue for creation or modification of three types of

parametric surfaces is presented. The three types, Cylinder,
Cone and Fillet , are presented on different flaps within the
dialogue.
The dialogue expects definition data to be keyed in or picked
from existing information on the drawing canvas.
Options: None available.
Result: The created surface is presented on the canvas, registered in

the system and is ready to be used for any curved hull
operation. Boundary curves are created and can be used
directly for seam generation.
Delete
Purpose: To delete model objects (seams, hull curves, storable planes,

shell plates, curved panels and shell profiles) from their
respective data banks or delete features from shell profiles.

Instructions: Any objects or features already selected will be used as input

to this function. If no objects or features are selected, the user
will be prompted to indicate one or more objects to delete. If
any features have been deleted, their respective shell profiles
will automatically be selected afterwards. These profiles must
be stored for the removal of the features to take effect.
Options: Using Options will bring up the Advanced selection dialog

box.
Result: The selected objects or features will be deleted.
Recreate
Purpose: To regenerate model objects from their definition data.
Instructions: Any model objects already selected will be used as input to

this function. If no model objects are selected, you will be
prompted to indicate one or more objects to recreate. The
changes must be committed for later storing in the database
with the Apply function. Use the Deactivate function instead
to undo the recreation.

box.
Result: The selected model objects will be recreated from their

definition data.
Modify
Purpose: To modify the definitions of model objects, geometry objects

and features.
Instructions: Any objects or features already selected will be used as

input to this function. If no objects or features are selected,
the user will be prompted to indicate an object or feature to
modify.
When objects have been selected the modification

procedure is similar to the creation of the respective object.
See also Create Seam/Butt, Create Shell Plate, Create
Shell Profile, Create Feature - Hole, Create Feature - Notch,
Create Feature - Cutout, Create Feature - Marking, Create
Curved Panel, Create Hull Curve, Create Storable Plane
and the functions in the Geometry menu.


box.
Result: The selected objects or features will be updated according

to the input.
Topology
Purpose: Investigate topological dependencies between objects.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: Select the starting object.

In the multiple choice dialog appearing, select Depending
primary or Depending all to select the objects
topologically depending on the starting object (in one step
or any number of steps, respectively).
Select Defining to select the objects topologically defining
the starting object.
These three buttons may be used iteratively to find e.g. all
objects depending in two steps on the starting object.
Click List names to see the names of all currently found
objects (depending or defining).
Use Select to put the currently found objects in the select
list of Curved Hull, e.g. for a following recreate operation.
Undo will back the dependency tracking (finding depending
or defining objects) one step at a time.
Cleanup lets you pick a new starting object.
See also Topology in Chapter Interactive Functions,
Curved Hull Menu.
Options: None
Result: Not applicable.
Geometry
Point - 3 Coords
Purpose: To create or modify a point defined by three co-ordinates.

Instructions: In create mode, the x, y and z co-ordinates of the

point must be entered. After the user has pressed the
Ok button, the point will be created. Apply has the
same function as the Ok button, but keeps the form
open for input of another point.
In modify mode, the point definition may be changed.
Select Type will let the user change the point into
another type (point on the surface or point in the
intersection between a curve and a plane).
Options: Options may be used for further possibilities to define the

point.
Result: In create mode, a new point at the given location will

be created and selected.
In modify mode, the selected point will be updated
with the new definition data.
Point - On Surface
Purpose: To create or modify a point on the default surface.
Instructions: In create mode, two of the point co-ordinates must be

entered. Optionally, the third one may be entered as
an "approximate" co-ordinate. In case of ambiguities,
the system will use this co-ordinate to determine the
location in the surface. The exact value of the third
co-ordinate will be automatically calculated when the
user presses the Ok button. Apply has the same
function as the Ok button, but keeps the form open for
input of another point.
Select Type lets the user change the point into
another type (three co-ordinates or point in the
intersection between a curve and a plane). Select
Surface lets the user select another surface to use in
the point definition.
Result: In create mode, a new point at the given location will


Point - Curve + Plane/Plane Panel
Purpose: Create or modify a point in the intersection between a

curve (shell curve, seam or hull curve) and a plane or
plane panel.
Instructions: In create mode, any curves, planes and plane panels

already selected will be used as input to this function.
If none are selected, you will be asked to define a
curve and a plane or plane panel.
Select Type lets you change the point into another
type.
Result: In create mode, a new point will be created and

selected. If several curves or planes/panels were
initially selected, points will be created in all
intersections.
Point - Moved Along Curve
Purpose: Create or modify a point moved along a curve.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: In create mode, any points or curves already selected

will be used as input to this function. If none are
selected, you will be asked to define either a point
(defined directly or indirectly by a curve, e.g. at the
intersection between a plane and a curve) or a curve
defining the path along which to move. Set the
moving distance in the Distance field, and the
direction for movement in the Direction or From end
field.
type.
Options: Not available

selected. If several points or curves were initially
selected, points will be created from all of those
objects.

Point - At Intersecting Curves
Purpose: Create or modify a point in the intersection between two

or more curves (shell curve, seam, hull curve or profile
trace curve).
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: In create mode, any curves already selected will be

used as input to this function. If none are selected,
you will be asked to define the curves to intersect.
type.

selected. If several curve intersections exist, points
will be created in all intersections.
Point - Reflected
Purpose: Create or modify a point as the reflection of another point

in the centreline.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: In create mode, any points already selected will be

you will be asked to define a point to be reflected.
type.

selected. If several points were initially selected,
reflected points will be created for all of them.

Plane - Principal
Purpose: To create or modify a plane perpendicular to one of the

principal axes.
Instructions: In create mode, the location of the principal plane

must be entered. When Ok is pressed, the plane will
be created. Apply has the same function as the Ok
button, but keeps the form open for input of another
plane.
In modify mode, the plane definition may be changed.
Select Type lets the user change the plane into
another type (three points, 2 points and axis or 2
points and angle).
Result: In create mode, a new plane at the given location will

In modify mode, the selected plane will be updated
Plane - 3 Points
Purpose: To create or modify a plane defined by three points.
Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to define

three points. Any points already selected will be used
as input to this function. When three points have been
given, a plane running through these points will be
created.
another type (principal plane, 2 points and axis or 2
points and angle).


Plane - 2 Points + Axis
Purpose: To create or modify a plane defined by two points and a

principal axis.
Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to define two

points. Any points already selected will be used as
input to this function. The user must also select the
principal axis to use in the definition of the plane.
However, if both points are of type On surface or in
the intersection between a curve and a plane, belong
to the same surface, and share a common
approximate surface normal, the axis closest to this
normal is selected automatically.
The plane created will be defined by the line between
the two points and the line made up by the principal
axis selected.

another type (principal plane, 3 points or 2 points and
angle).

Plane - 2 Points + Angle
Purpose: To create or modify a plane defined by two points and an

angle against one of the principal axes.

Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to define

two points. Any points already selected will be used as
input to this function. The user must also enter an
angle against one of the principal axes. This angle will
also be used in the definition of the plane. An angle of
0 always means the positive direction of the specified
axis. A positive angle means rotation towards the
positive direction of the next higher ordered axis (a
rotation from the z axis is always made towards the x
axis). E.g. if the axis is x and the angle 45 degrees,
this will result in a line in the middle of the x and y
axes. The plane created will be defined by the line
between the two points and the line made up from
rotating the selected axis the desired angle.
Optionally, a second axis and angle may be entered.
These are not used in the plane definition, but if a shell
profile is created by intersecting the plane with a
surface, the inclination angles will automatically be
copied from the plane definition.

another type (principal plane, 3 points or 2 points and
axis).

Plane - Rotated
Purpose: Create or modify a plane by rotation of another plane

around a principal axis at a specified location.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: In create mode, any planes already selected will be

you will be asked to define the planes to use for
rotation.
Select Type lets you change the plane into another
type.
Result: In create mode, a new plane will be created and

selected. If several planes were initially selected,
rotated planes will be created from all of those.

Plane - Reflected
Purpose: Create or modify a plane as the reflection of another plane

in the centreline.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: In create mode, any planes already selected will be

you will be asked to define a plane to be reflected.
In modify mode, the plane definition may be
changed. Select Type lets you change the plane into
another type.
Result: In create mode, a new plane will be created and

selected. If several planes were initially selected,
reflected planes will be created for all of them.
General Cylinder
Purpose: To create or modify a general cylinder.
Prerequisites: If points in the cylinder directrix are to be indicated in a

view, a plane view perpendicular to the generator axis of
the general cylinder must exist.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must first select the

generator axis of the general cylinder. When this has
been done, any number of points forming the cylinder
may be entered. The points may either be given as
co-ordinates in a form or (using the Indicate button)
indicated in the drawing. The Apply button should be
used to enter all points but the last one, in which case
the Ok button is used. This will close the form, and a
second form, letting the user set the limits and end
point angles of the cylinder, will appear.
In modify mode, the cylinder definition may be
changed.
Options: In create mode, the user may use Options when

indicating points in the drawing to get back to the form for
entering points.
Result: In create mode, a new general cylinder will be created

and selected.
In modify mode, the selected general cylinder will be
updated with the new definition data.

Shell Curve - By Plane
Purpose: To create or modify a shell curve in the intersection

between a plane and the default surface.
Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to define a

plane. Any plane already selected will be used as input
to this function. This plane will then be cut with the
default surface, and the resulting curve will be added
to the selection.
In modify mode, the curve definition may be changed.
Select Type lets the user change the curve into
another type (intersection between surface and
general cylinder, parallel curve or combined curve). By
use of the button Modify Box the extension of the
curve can be changed.
Result: In create mode, a new shell curve at the given location

will be created and selected.
In modify mode, the selected shell curve will be
Shell Curve - By General Cylinder
Purpose: To create or modify a shell curve in the intersection

between a general cylinder and the default surface.
Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to define a

general cylinder. Any cylinder already selected will be
used as input to this function. This cylinder will then be
cut with the default surface, and the resulting curve will
be added to the selection.
Select Type lets the user change the curve into
another type (intersection between surface and plane,
parallel curve or combined curve. By use of the button
Modify Box the extension of the curve can be
changed.


Shell Curve - Parallel
Purpose: To create or modify a shell curve moved in the default

surface from another curve or shell profile trace, with a
constant distance along the entire curve.
Instructions: In create mode, the user must indicate an existing

curve. Any curve already selected will be used as input
to this function. The distance (in the surface) from this
curve to the parallel one is entered in the Distance
field. If the curve is to be moved different distances at
the different ends, the second distance is entered in
the Distance 2 field. In this case, Direction has to be
set to tell which of the ends the different distances are
valid for. For example, with a curve with longitudinal
direction, setting the direction to FOR means that the
curve is seen as running from the aft end towards the
forward end, and Distance refers to the first (aft) end
and Distance 2 refers to the last (forward) end of the
curve. Method defines what method to use when
measuring the distance between the curves. Perp
means that the distance is measured along plane
curves perpendicular to the original curve, while X, Y
and Z implies that the distance is measured in principal
plane curves. The excess fields may be set to extend
the parallel curve at either end. In special cases where
the curve cannot be moved properly, increasing the
values of the Tolerance and Iterations fields may help
in creating the curve.
In modify mode, the curve may be changed. Select

Type lets the user change the curve into another type
(intersection between surface and plane, intersection
between surface and general cylinder or combined
curve. By use of the button Modify Box the extension
of the curve can be changed.

Shell Curve - Combined
Purpose: To create or modify a curve as a combination of two

intersecting curves.
Prerequisites: A current drawing must exist.

Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted to indicate

two curves. Any curves already selected will be used as
input to this function. When two curves have been
selected, the user must indicate which part of each
curve to use for the combined curve. After this, the
curve will be created by the selected parts of the two
curves. Note that the curves must intersect.
In modify mode, the curve may be changed. Select
Type lets the user change the curve into another type
(intersection between surface and plane, intersection
between surface and general cylinder or parallel curve.
By use of the button Modify Box the extension of the
curve can be changed.
Result: In create mode, a new shell curve will be created and

selected.
In modify mode, the selected shell curve will be updated
Shell Curve - From External Surface
Purpose: To create or modify a shell curve defined by a curve stored in

an external surface.
Prerequisites: One or more curves must be stored in the surface definition.
Instructions: In create mode, the user will be prompted for the curve
name as stored in the surface.
Select Curve lets the user change which curve to use
in the surface definition. By use of the button Modify
Box the extension of the curve can be changed.
Options: None.
Result: In create mode, a new shell curve will be created from

the named curve and added to the selection. The
resulting curve will be trimmed with the current default
box.
Shell Curve - Reflected
Purpose: Create or modify a curve as the reflection of another curve in

the centreline.
Prerequisites: None

Instructions: In create mode, any curves already selected will be used

as input to this function. If none are selected, you will be
asked to define a curve to be reflected.
Select Type lets you change the curve into another type.
Use Modify Box to change the extension of the
reflected curve.
Result: In create mode, a new curve will be created and

selected. If several curves were initially selected,
reflected curves will be created for all of them.
In modify mode, the selected curve will be updated with
the new definition data.
Default
Surface
Purpose: To specify which surface to work with.
Instructions: Choose the surface to work with from the presented list.
Options: None.
Result: The current surface is set.
Box
Purpose: To define the limiting box, used to trim curves resulting from
cutting the surface.
Instructions: Edit the values of the box or use one of the buttons described
under Options to get the box of an object or a view.
Any field left blank (or containing the string No_limit) means
that the box will be unlimited in the corresponding direction.
Options: Using the Show Box function will display the box in all
relevant views. The button From Object can be used to get
the box of an object. If a drawing is open, the button From
View can be used to get the box of an existing view.
Result: The default box is changed.

View
Shell Expansion
Purpose: To create traditional shell expansion drawings or an additional

view for modelling work.
Prerequisites: There must exist a current drawing.
Instructions: The view is created with plate thickness, quality and position
number annotated on each plate. Furthermore, each plate is
drawn with a hatch pattern chosen to display the plate
thickness that is used.
The user can control the visibility of this information in two
ways:
By using the function Symbolic View>Curved Hull
View>Properties and picking a shell expansion view. The
user will get the possibility to display or hide the plate
information. Furthermore, if plate hatching is chosen to be
shown, an accompanying legend can also be created that
shows each used hatch pattern and the thickness it
represents.
The shell expansion view is initially presented with shown
information controlled by default parameters as below.

Options: Default parameters used:

NOLONGNO when given, no longitudinal names are
drawn,
SHX_LNO_DIST specifies the minimum distance
between longitudinal names,
SHX_PARTITION the distance between development
curves,
SHX_ENDCUT_SYMB when given, end cut symbols will
be drawn at the ends of shell profiles,
SHX_BUTTS_OVER_CL when given, the SB/PS part of
butts over CL with the longest extension will be drawn.
SHX_DRAW_PLATES, default setting for display of plate
thickness, when set to TEXT plate thickness will be
annotated, when set to DRAW thicknesses will be
illustrated by hatch patterns, when NOT SET the
information will be hidden
SHX_SHOW_POSNO, default setting for display of
position number, when given, plates are shown with
position number annotated, when NOT SET the
SHX_SHOW_MATQ, default setting for display of
material quality, when given, plates are shown with
material quality annotated, when NOT SET the
Result: A shell expansion drawing is produced and placed

interactively. Modelling work can be performed in the shell
expansion view. When an object is created/modified the shell
expansion view will be updated in the same way as any other
type of view. To get the best result in the fore and aft of the
ship, the shell expansion might have to be partitioned into
smaller parts in these regions.
Bodyplan
Purpose: To create a traditional bodyplan drawing or an additional view

for modelling work.
Prerequisites: There must exist a current drawing.
Instructions: First specify a name (make sure that the name is not
occupied by another object) and the limits of the view.
Specify if the view should be created looking in either
forward or aft direction.

Then specify which objects and type of information to be

included in the view:
Cross-sections and/or trace curves of longitudinal
members,
Seams and butts,
Frames (cross-sections are drawn at a specific frame or
all frames),
Arbitrary hull curves,
Traces of plane panels welded against the hull,
A grid with arbitrary spacing.
Cross-sections can be of three types:
Full profile cross-section,
The mould-line side of the profile,
A tick
Options: If the default parameter NOLONGNO is not set, then

longitudinal names will be drawn.
Result: A bodyplan view is created and placed interactively.

Modelling work can be performed in the bodyplan view. When
an object is created/modified the bodyplan view will be
updated in the same way as any other type of view.
Developed Plate
Purpose: To create views of one or more developed shell plates, and

see if it is possible to manufacture the plates.
Instructions: If a shell plate is already selected, a developed plate view will

be made of it. If no shell plate is selected, the user is
prompted to indicate seams (3 - 12 seams must be indicated).
The seams should form the boundary of a possible plate.
When Operation Complete is given the system will make a
temporary shell plate from the indicated seams. Before
development there is a possibility to give additional data to
refine the plate definition (see Create Shell Plate). If Cancel is
given on the Indicate Seam prompt the user is instead
prompted to indicate an existing shell plate, to present in a
view.
It is possible to store a temporary plate using Apply. If applied
the plate will have to be given a name.

Options: If Options is given on the indicate prompt, a form will appear

containing plate development default values.
Result: The developed plate is presented in a view of its own

containing also the smallest possible raw plate contour with
dimensions, the gap/overlap measures, the baseline and
optionally the roll axes.
Shell Stiffener
Purpose: Create a view of one or more "developed" shell stiffeners.
Prerequisites: Production parts for the selected stiffeners must have been
generated (by PPI or Shell Stiffener/To Manufacturing DB,
see Shell Stiffener - To Manufacturing DB). A drawing must
be current.
Instruction: Primarily, shell stiffeners already selected are used as input

to this function. If none are selected, you will be asked to
indicate one or more shell stiffeners.
Options: None
Result: A developed view of each selected stiffener is presented.

The view contains the profile itself, its length, cross-section
dimensions and inverse bending curves.
Curved Panel
Purpose: To create symbolic views of one or more curved panels.
Instruction: If no panel is selected then the user is prompted to indicate

panels. A form appears making it possible to decide which
information is shown in the view. To be able to show jigs,
stage two of the jig system must have been performed on
the panel. Only jig pillars will be shown.
Options: None.
Result: A symbolic view of the curved panel is presented with the

specified information.

Recreate
Purpose: To update a view to reflect changes in the model.
Prerequisites: A view must exist.
Instruction: Indicate the desired view/views and Operation Complete to

update selected views or choose All to update all views in
the current drawing.
Options: None.
Result: The selected views are updated to reflect any changes

made in the model.
Select
Purpose: To select which views will be active, i.e. which will be

updated during the modelling process.
Instruction: The function can be switched between include mode and

exclude mode with Options or Cancel, to make views
active or inactive, respectively. Pick the desired views, or
use All to select all views in the drawing. The function is
terminated with Operation Complete or Quit. By default, all
views are active.
Options: None.
Result: The set of active views will be updated.
Modify
Purpose: Modify the contents of an existing view.
Prerequisites: A modifiable view must exist. Currently only curved panel

views can be modified.
Instruction: Pick the view to be modified. In the dialog, make the desired
settings and finish by clicking Ok. When no more views are
to be modified, finish with Operation Complete.
Options: None
Result: The contents of the selected view will be modified according

to the updated view definition settings.

Select
In Drawing
Purpose: Lets the user indicate objects in the drawing.
Prerequisites: A drawing containing relevant objects must be open.
Instructions: Indicate the object by clicking. If the wrong object was

indicated then choose Cancel to deselect the last indicated
object.
Options: If selected a change to advanced mode will occur. This

allows further refinement of the selection, or the possibility
to select a filter to distinguish between different objects in
the drawing.
Result: The objects will be highlighted and added to the other

selected objects.
Advanced
Purpose: Lets the user select objects by name, type and box. The
objects do not have to be present in the current drawing.
Instructions: Select type, specify a box if any and give a name. Wildcards
can be used (*, %) when specifying the name. Choose which
action to perform add, remove or restrict to:
add objects to this selection.
remove objects from this selection.
refine this selection with the current information.
The toggle button Select All Objects selects all objects
in the data banks of the following types:
Shell Profile
Curved Panel
Shell Plate
Seam/Butt
Hull Curve
Plane

Ok will perform the action and add the objects to the

other selected objects.
Apply will perform the current action and allows for
further operations on the selection, before choosing OK
to make the objects selected.
Pick lets the user indicate objects in the current
drawing. The indicated objects will be added/removed
to/from the selection depending on the specified action.
Cancel aborts the function and no further objects are
selected.
Undo will take back the last change of the selection.
List displays a list of all matching objects.
Options: None.
Result: The objects will be selected and if part of the current

drawing, they are also highlighted.
Apply
Purpose: Commit changes to the selected objects to be stored in the

database.
Instructions: Not applicable.
Options: None.
Result: The selected objects are committed for later storing in the
database.
Apply and Deactivate
Purpose: Commit changes to the selected objects to be stored in the

database and then deactivate the objects.
Options: None.
Result: The selected objects are committed for later storing in the
database, and after that all objects (including temporary
ones) will be deactivated.

Deactivate
Purpose: Deactivate objects.
Prerequisites: None
Instructions: Indicate one of the highlighted objects in the drawing.
Options: You can use Options to go to advanced selection mode.
Result: The object is deactivated. If changes have been made but

not applied to a non-temporary object, you will be asked to
confirm the deactivation. If the object is deactivated then:
a temporary object will be deleted.
a non-temporary object will loose all its changes not yet
applied
Deactivate All
Purpose: Deactivate all selected objects.
Instructions: Use "All" to deactivate all modified objects without being

prompted for each one.
Options: None.
Result: The objects are deactivated. If changes have been made

but not applied to a non-temporary object, you will be asked
to confirm the deactivation. If the object is deactivated then:
a temporary object will be deleted.
a non-temporary object will loose all its changes not yet
applied.
List
Purpose: To list all selected objects.
Options: None.
Result: The selected objects are listed.

Show Definition
Purpose: To show the geometry definition of one or more objects.
Instructions: If any objects are already selected, their definition will be

shown, one object at a time. Otherwise, the user is
prompted to select objects until the function is terminated,
which is done with Operation Complete, Cancel or Quit.
Options: None.
Result: The geometry definitions of the selected objects will be

shown.

Users Guide Interactive


Interactive Curved Hull Modelling, Introduction
1 Interactive Curved Hull Modelling, Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the Module
1.1.1 Background
The design and production of a ship can be divided into a number of phases. This division
into phases can be made in many ways. One possible way, consciously made on a rough
level, is shown in the figure:
Figure 1:1. The phases in ship design and production
When applied on the hull information flow, the different phases may include activities as
outlined below.
Project calculations
Project calculations is the early phase when the overall characteristics of the ship are
defined. The dimensions of the ship are set, hydrostatic and stability calculations are
performed etc. Among important results from this activity is a preliminary form.
Design
In the design phase, the predesign (classification) drawings are developed. Strength
analysis may be performed to select plate thicknesses, etc. Traditionally, the result of the
design phase is documented in the design (classification) drawings.
Detailed design
In the detailed design (engineering) process, the preliminary design is penetrated in detail
and adapted to production needs. Production information (drawings, burning tapes,
sketches etc.) is developed.
Production
The production phase includes the manufacturing of parts and the assembly of the ship.
Curved Hull Modelling (Curved Hull) is intended to be used from the early design phase
when the ship may be outlined in manually made, rough sketches. Based on such sketches,

on preliminary form information, the results of strength calculations etc., Curved Hull
establishes a design model containing the curved hull objects.
In one system Curved Hull covers all the activities from the early design to the production
preparation.
1.1.2 Purpose
The purpose of Curved Hull in the design phase may be described as follows:
To establish an early numerical model of the members of the curved hull.
To develop the design (classification) drawings, based on views, derived from the
model.
To use the model information as the basis for different early activities, e.g. preliminary
weight calculations, preliminary material ordering, etc.
The purpose of Curved Hull in the detailed design phase is summed up in the following way:
To further refine the model, breaking down the early model into production units and
adding detailed information.
To develop working drawings from the detailed model.
To use the model as a basis for different units of production information.
Apart from establishing the early design model, Curved Hull also allows the continuous
refinement and detailing of this information, which is performed in the detailed design
process.
There are no modules for strength calculations included in Curved Hull. Classification rules
are built into the system only to a restricted extent and are concentrated to micro standards.
1.1.3 Restriction
Currently Curved Hull covers the generation of seams and butts as well as general-purpose
hull curves and shell profiles. Shell plates can be defined and developed, and curved panels
can be assembled from existing plates and shell stiffeners.
1.2 Relation Between Curved Hull and other Hull

Modules
Interactive Curved Hull Modelling is another member of the Hull family of modules and is
based on common principles and conventions.
The information produced in Curved Hull is stored and handled according to identical or only
slightly modified conventions as compared to the other modules. This eases the information
interchange between Curved Hull and these other modules and it also means that it is
possible to make a smooth transition between the use of Curved Hull and certain other sub
modules of Hull.
The programs that are related to Curved Hull can be divided into three different categories:
Modules that produce basic information that cannot be produced in Curved Hull itself
and without which it does not make much sense to use Curved Hull.
Modules that can be considered as utility programs to Curved Hull itself, e.g. by giving
a possibility to derive view information in the batch run mode.
Modules that use the information produced in Curved Hull.

1.2.1 Programs Producing Basic Information for Curved Hull

Examples of initialising modules are:
Utility programs for the creation and initialization of data banks.
Modules for generation of the hull form. This can be the Initial Design module, which
creates a hull form meeting production requirements on accuracy.
There is also a possibility to import surfaces from 3rd party AVEVA Surface Manager.
Interactive Curved Hull Modelling - like all other Hull modules that work directly on the
surface - can use either a final or a preliminary form without any difference to the user.
1.2.2 Support Modules for Curved Hull

Certain functions of Curved Hull can optionally be performed in batch processes as an
alternative to doing them interactively. A typical example is the derivation of view information
from the model. There are two separate programs, one for views from plane cuts with the
model, another one for shell expansions.
The resulting views must be brought into the actual Curved Hull module to be developed to
drawings.
1.2.3 Programs Using Information Produced in Curved Hull

Characteristic of the AVEVA Marine philosophy is that a model of the product (the ship) is
gradually built up in the data banks. Many late activities are then based on the established
model, e.g. the derivation of different kinds of production information.
The seams and curves in the shell and shell profiles (longitudinal and transversal frames)
generated in Curved Hull are used in the Hull Planar Modelling module when the inner
structure production model is built up. Likewise, the thickness and material orientation of the
shell plates will affect the geometry of the inner structure attached against them.
1.3 Interactive Modelling
1.3.1 The Idea of a Workspace

In Interactive Curved Hull Modelling the user interaction takes place in a graphical
workspace. This workspace consists of the different views the user has created in a
drawing. The views can be of different types like 3D views, symbolic hull views, body-plan
views, shell expansion views and other special Curved Hull "single-object" views such as
developed plate views, profile views or curved panels views.
The picking of objects during the interaction can be made in any of these views, regardless
of the type of the view. For example, a shell plate can be picked from a 3D view, a
developed plate view or a shell expansion view. The selected objects will also be highlighted
in all views.
In functions where objects are created, these objects will be presented in all relevant views.
The single-object views are normally excluded, but e.g. a created seam will be presented in
the 3D view, in the shell expansion view and in the symbolic view (if it intersects the view
plane).
Although the workspace is a drawing it need not contain any drawing form, but for
convenience it is handled as a drawing regarding creation, deletion, storing and so on.

1.3.2 User Interaction

The modelling is divided into a number of smaller functions, each creating one type of
object. This means that the Create Seam/Butt and Create Shell Profile functions both
share the same set of basic geometry functions. Similarly the functions to create geometry
that is more complex use other geometry functions for the simple types. E.g. the function to
create a curve by a general plane uses the Create Plane function, which in turn might use
the Create Point function.
The modelling functions are based on the object-action principle. This means that the
objects that are input to a function should be selected before invoking the function. Objects
created in one function can then be part of the input to another function and so on. This
principle makes it possible to build up the interaction by a number of smaller reusable
functions as described above. It can be called the bottom-up method of working.
The disadvantage of this bottom-up approach is that the user must know which basic
objects to start with to reach the final target object like a seam or a profile trace. To eliminate
this, the top-down method is also implemented. Using this method, the user can start with
the function to create the target object, but as no objects have been selected so far, the
system must prompt for these objects. This is done by letting the user select one of all the
possible functions creating the necessary objects. This selection is done in a pop-up menu
with the same contents as the corresponding pull-down menu in the upper right part of the
graphical window.
Working the top-down way, the user is prompted for all objects needed, and is thus guided
through the interaction in a more firm way than when using the more flexible bottom-up
approach. A mixture of these two methods can also be used.
All currently selected objects are kept in a select list. Most functions use the select list in one
way or the other. When entering the function, it searches the select list for objects on which
it will operate. If found, the function continues (bottom-up), if not, the user is prompted (top-
down).
For example, the function Recreate will check the select list for objects to be recreated. If no
objects are found the user is prompted to pick some.
In general, a function removes the objects it "uses" from the select list and adds all the
objects it creates to the select list.
For example, the function Curve by Plane creates a curve by intersecting a surface with
planes. This function first checks if the select list contains any planes. If so, the surface is
intersected with each of these planes, which results in a number of curves. The planes are
then removed from the select list and the curves are added to the list.
When an object is created or modified and placed in the select list, the change can be either
applied or undone. If applied, the changes to the model object are committed and will
eventually be stored in the database. If undone, the changes are rejected and the object is
removed from the work area, making the previously applied version the valid one.
1.3.3 Model Objects of Curved Hull

As the generation of the model objects is done interactively, no input data files are used.
The definition data given by the user is stored within the model object.
When e.g. a seam is created, it is always based on a curve geometry object, that in turn is
based on other geometry objects each carrying their own definitions. The geometry objects
are temporary objects with a system generated name consisting of a prefix starting with an
underscore character ("_") followed by a number.

In the work area these objects are connected, but when the seam is stored, the definitions of
all the underlying temporary geometry objects are collected within the seam object. This is
done to reduce the inter-object connections in the database.
When the seam is read from the database to be e.g. recreated due to changes in the
surface, the temporary geometry objects are created and the inter-object connections are
established between the objects in the work area.
1.4 Generation of Model Objects

Generating model objects is done in one of three ways, depending on the type of object to
create:
Create a curve in an existing surface, defining the geometry of the object. Seams,
butts, hull curves and shell profiles are modelled this way.
Collect a number of existing model objects. This is true for developed plates and
curved panels. However, curved panel with their shell plates may also be generated by
selection of a matrix of seams and butts.
Replace an existing model object with a number of new ones, by splitting it into several
smaller pieces. This is the case for shell stiffeners.
A curve can be modelled in several different ways:
Intersecting a surface with a plane.
Intersecting a surface with a cylinder.
Setting a curve parallel to another one (including the trace of a shell profile).
Combining two other curves.
Creating a curve from an existing curve, hull curve or lines fairing curve. Curves
defined in an external surface system may also be used.
1.4.1 Terminology
The following terminology is used for shell member. Shell profile is a common name for
longitudinals and transversals modelled in the hull. In reality, the shell profile does not exist
as a physical object. Instead, the shell profile is split up into smaller production pieces,
called shell stiffeners. Thus, a shell stiffener can be part of either a longitudinal or a
transversal. The location in space of the shell profile is determined by its trace curve. A shell
profile may have more than one trace curve, each one defining a different part of the shell
profile. However, a single shell stiffener always belongs to a single trace curve. Shell plates
are the plates modelled in the hull. These are automatically developed as they are created.
1.4.2 The Naming of Seams

Traditionally, the name of a seam has been on the form
<seam_group_name><seam_number>. The <seam_group_name> is registered in
the Hull Reference Object, which is initialised by the program Initiate Hull Standards. The
<seam_number> can be in the range 1 to 9999.
If the logical SBH_FREE_SEAMPROF_NAMES is set to YES, a seam may be given an
arbitrary name. All seams are then identified with their full names, that is never by only a
seam number.
It is not recommended to change the setting of SBH_FREE_SEAMPROF_NAMES once
seams have been created in a project!

1.4.3 The Naming of Longitudinals, Transversals, Shell Stiffeners and Shell

Profile Trace Curves
Traditionally, shell profiles names have
been on the form
<group_name><surface_suffix><profile_number>. The <group_name> is
the group name for longitudinals or transversals, and <surface_suffix> is a letter or
combination of letters which must be unique for each surface. Group names and surface
suffixes are setup in the program Initiate Hull Standards. The <profile_number> may
be in the range 1 to 9999 (note, however, that some programs might add further restrictions
on the numbering of shell profiles). The use of a surface suffix makes it possible to have
several profiles with the same number, as long as they belong to different surfaces.
If the logical SBH_FREE_SEAMPROF_NAMES is set to YES, a shell profile may be given
an arbitrary name. All shell profiles are then identified with their full names, that is never by
only a profile number.
It is not recommended to change the setting of SBH_FREE_SEAMPROF_NAMES once
profiles have been created in a project!
A new shell stiffener is created together with a new shell profile or by splitting an existing
shell stiffener. By default, the name of the shell stiffener will be on the form
<profile_name>-
S<running_number><symmetry_code>,<profile_name> being the name of
the shell profile and <running_number> being an ordinal number unique within the
profile. The value of <symmetry_code> may be either P (portside specific stiffeners or
stiffeners across the centreline) or S (starboard specific stiffeners). For symmetrical
stiffeners, <symmetry_code> is omitted.
As an example, the first stiffener in the longitudinal ESL120 will be ESL120-S1 (or ESL120-
S1P if portside specific). If this stiffener is split, a new stiffener, ESL120-S2, will be created.
The trace of a shell profile is stored as a number of separate curve objects in the database.
If the trace is defined from an existing curve, i.e. a hull curve, the curve name will remain
unchanged. On the other hand, if the trace is modelled from a (temporary) shell curve, the
trace curve will be given a name on the form
<shell_profile_name>_CV<running_number>. Here,
<shell_profile_name> is the name of the shell profile and <running_number> is
an ordinal number unique for the curve in that profile.
For example, if the transversal EST104 is created by cutting the surface with a plane, the
trace curve object will be named EST104_CV1. Additional curve branches will be named
EST104_CV2, EST104_CV3 and so on (if not created from existing curves).
1.4.4 The Naming of Shell Plates

A developed plate may have an arbitrary name.
1.4.5 The Naming of Curved Panels

The total name of a curved panel will be <block_name>-
<panel_name><symmetry_code>, where <panel_name> can be chosen
arbitrarily. <symmetry_code> equals P for a portside panel, S for a starboard panel and
SP for a panel extending across the centreline. For a symmetrical panel
<symmetry_code> is omitted. A starboard specific panel in the block ES123 could for
instance be named ES123-45S.

1.4.6 The Naming of Hull Curves, Storable Points and StorablePlanes

There are no limitations for names of hull curves, storable points or storable planes.
1.4.7 The Default Surface

When creating seams, shell profiles and other objects you must select in which surface
these should be located. Instead of selecting a surface for every object to create, you only
have to do it once. This surface, the default surface, is then used in all operations until
changed to another one. At the beginning of a session, the main surface of the ship is
selected by default.
1.4.8 The Default Box

The program uses a limiting box in some operations, e.g. when intersecting a surface with a
plane. The resulting curve will be trimmed with the box.
In a similar way to the default surface a box can defined as the default box. This is the
limiting box used until you select a new default box.
At the beginning of each session, the box is set to cover the entire ship on the portside. In
other words, the box is unlimited in all directions except for the minimum value along the y-
axis, which is set to 0. If, however, the default parameter DEF_YMIN_NO_LIMIT is set, the
box will be unlimited in all directions.


Interactive Functions, Curved Hull Menu
2 Interactive Functions, Curved Hull Menu
2.1 General
This chapter describes the application specific interactive functions of Curved Hull. They are
located in the Curved menu of the graphical window. The general functions in the other
menus are described in the Drafting Users Guide.
See also the general interaction principles described in the previous chapter of this section.
2.2 The Model Submenu

The Model menu contains functions that handle model objects, i.e. objects that can be
stored in the database.
2.2.1 Create Seam/Butt

This function creates seams or butts. Depending on the status of the select list when you
enter the function, two situations may arise:
There are some curves in the select list

The system makes seams out of these curves. In case the selected curve is a lines fairing
curve or a hull curve it is copied to the new seam object. Please note that a seam
"remembers" that it was created from an existing curve, as there is a reference to the
definition curve in the seam object.
The following form is displayed:

Figure 2:1. Seam / butt dialog.
The Name field

The name of the seam.
Initially it contains the name of the last seam created or the seam name prefix.
The Type field
A seam can be of two type, Ordinary Seam or Block Limit Seam. Block limit seams
are drawn with a bold line.
The Symmetry field
Here you can select if the seam is valid for both portside and starboard, for one of the
sides only, or if it is a seam across the centerline. (A butt extending into the opposite
side only to enable the definition of a plate over the centreline should not be registered
as a butt over CL.)
The Bevel field
Here you can define the default bevel for the seam. This bevel will be used as the
default bevel of a plate edge when the seam is used as a plate edge. The bevel may be
overwritten by the shell plate.
The Surface field
The surface in which the seam is defined. This field is for information only and cannot
be changed.
The fields Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, Ymax, Zmin and Zmax
The box defining the seam limits. Initially set to the corresponding values of the default
box.
When you press OK, a seam with the given name and properties is created. The
program also checks that the name is a valid seam name.
If a seam with the given name should already exist, you will have a question whether it
is OK to override the existing seam. You have the following options:

Press the Yes button to create the seam with the name as given. The old seam will
be lost.
Press the No or Cancel button to give the seam another name.
The Cancel button
the system exits the Seam/Butt function.
There are no curves in the select list

The user is asked to create curves.
The following tabbed dialog is displayed:
Figure 2:2. Form for creation and modification of seams and butts.
Curve Name
The name of the seam/butt, if prefix is left out it will be added. Repetition data is
handled.
Symmetry
The symmetry of the seam/butt.
Block Limit
Set the seam/butt to be a block limit by checking the box.

Figure 2:3. Limit tab of seam/butt dialog.
Give values for limiting box of seam/butt, frame positions are allowed.
The buttons will give a quick setting of the box values:
Portside
A portside box will be defined, Ymin = 0.
Starboard
A starboard box will be defined, Ymax = 0.
Any
A box over CL will be defined.
Default
The default box for current session of interactive curved hull will be fetched.

Figure 2:4. Data for principal plane, parallel, and parallel between objects tab.
Type
Combo box for defining type of curve to define seam.
Below values only valid for definition curve by principal plane.
Axis
Principal axis for definition plane of seam.
Coordinate
Coordinate for definition of plane.
Below values only valid for definition curve parallel to another curve or a sequence of shell
curves.
Curve name pll
The name of the curve to use as base for parallel curve or starting curve for making
sequence.
End name pll
Ending curve for creating a sequence of curves.
Distance
Offset distance for making parallel curve, or when in sequence mode, label is number
of, which will take the number of curves to create between limiting objects.
Distance end 2

If given, or given differently from Distance, then the offset distance will be variable
along curve.
Direction
If Distance End 2 is used, this field defines the direction used to define end 1 and end
2 of the original curve. This field tells how to interpret "end 1" and "end 2". For example,
FOR means that the curve should be thought of as running towards the foremost end of
the ship, meaning "end 1" is the aftmost end of the curve and "end 2" is the foremost
end.
Method
X, Y or Z means that the displacement is made along curves created by intersecting
the surface with principal planes perpendicular to the given coordinate axis. Perp
means that the curves are created by the intersection of the surface and planes that
perpendicular to the original curve in a certain point. Using Perp will produce a
developed plate that has a constant distance between the two edges made from the
two parallel seams. Used in two directions, this can create a rectangular (or close to
rectangular) developed plate.
Side
In which direction to move the curve. Only an approximate direction is needed as the
displacement is done in the surface. Irrelevant alternatives are automatically excluded
from the field list.
Tolerance
The tolerance used in measuring the accuracy of the displaced curve created as a
spline. This value has to correspond to the accuracy of the surface. The default
tolerance is 3 mm.
Iterations
Maximum number of iterations used to reach a displaced curve with the accuracy given
by Tolerance above. By default the number of iterations are set to 20.
Excess End 1 & 2
These fields may be used to temporarily extend the curve at both ends before the
parallel move is done. For example, consider a curve in the planar side of the ship,
generated in such a way that the curve is sloping so that the aftmost end is lower than
the for end. If this curve were to be moved upwards with the Method field set to Perp,
the parallel curve would not only move upwards, but also towards the aft end of the
ship. The addition of excesses means that it will be possible to create the parallel curve
in its full length despite of this fact. Please note that the original curve will not be
affected by the use of excess.
Approximate plane
When set, an approximately parallel displacement is done, with the restriction that the
resulting curve is planar. In this case only three points are displaced, and then a plane
is created using these points. The points are the end points and the midpoint of the
original curve intersected with the limiting box.
Advanced button
This button will switch user into creating definition curves for the definition data, by
general cylinder, by planes other than principal planes and for combination of curves.
By using this option the old fashioned style with multiple select for defining the curves
will appear and in the end the dialog described in scenario 1 will be shown.
2.2.2 Create Shell Plate

This function creates shell plate objects. You can select to create a single plate, or to create
multiple plates by indicating a grid of intersecting seams. In the single plate option, at least
three and at most twelve seams should be picked in clockwise order (looking outwards from
the inside of the surface), always starting with one of the shorter edges of the plate

independently of if it is the aftmost edge or not. When creating multiple plates, first indicate
all the butts (starting with the aftmost one), then press Operation Complete. Next, pick all
the seams (starting with the one with the longest girth distance from CL) and finish with
Operation Complete. Plate data is entered in the dialog described in the following section.
General
Name
Plate Name: Name of the shell plate.
Add Position No.: Whether a position number should be added to the plate name.
Add Symmetry Suffix: Whether a symmetry suffix should be added to the plate
name.
Auto Name: Check box will only be active if multiple plates have been defined. If
this box is checked the system will allocate the number in the position number field
(SB field if symmetry is SB, else PS field) to the first plate and then sequentially
apply a new number to the other plates.
Posno
PS: Position number for port side
SB: Position number for starboard side
Material

Mat./Pos. Side: Side to be considered the positive one when given values for
thickness and laminate. If left blank, the positive side will be the one from which the
seams are given in a clock-wise order.
Create closed plate: If this box is checked, the plate is allowed to have two
boundaries defined by the same seam interval. This is useful for creating a plate all
the way around e.g. a cylindrical surface.
Symmetry: Plate Symmetry
Thickness Pos.: Plate thickness on positive side of the moulded line of the surface.
Thickness Neg.: Plate thickness on negative side of the moulded line of the
surface.
Quality: Material Quality
Laminate Pos.: Laminate code for positive side.
Laminate Neg.: Laminate code for negative side.
General
Parts List: Identification string defined by the user. Optional.
Surface Treatment: Identification string defined by the user. Optional.
Destination: Identification string defined by the user. Optional.
Raw Plate: Raw Plate Name. Optional.
GPS 1-4: General Purpose Strings. Optional.

Limit
Seam
Name: Name of active seam
<List Box>: List of seams; click a seam name to activate it
Add: Add a seam by indicating graphically
Replace...: Replace the active seam by another one indicated graphically
Remove: Remove active seam from list
Clear: Remove all seams from list
Move Up: Move active seam up in the list
Move Down: Move active seam down in the list
Developed plate limit: Limit number of the active seam in the idealised four-sided
plate used in the development process.
Excess
Type: Type of excess
<The fields to the right>: Excess values
For combination of excess and bevelgap, see below.
Compensation and Grinding
Compensation: Compensation for the active seam.

Compensation will extend the plate by a linearly increasing or decreasing value

depending on the sign of the value. A positive value causes the extension to
increase from zero at the start of the edge, to the given value at the end of the edge
in the circulation direction of the plate. A negative value causes the extension to
decrease from the given value at the start of the edge to zero at the end of the
edge. An example is given below.
Grinding: Grinding for the active seam
Examples of compensation
The figures below show the effect on a top edge with the start point to the right.
Figure 2:5. Plate with positive compensation
Figure 2:6. Plate with negative compensation
Bevel
Code: Bevel code. Click the button () to select from a list of available codes.
Variant: Bevel variant
E-Measure: Bevel e-measure

Use bevel defined in seam: Check this to use the bevel code defined in the active
seam.
Custom: Specify a custom bevel with code, variant and e-measure.
Angle to Plate: Adjust bevelling by the given angle between this plate and a
neighbouring one, sharing the active seam.
Plate Name: Name of a neighbouring plate used for adjustment of the bevelling.
Click the button (...) to indicate the plate graphically. When the plate is created, the
angle to the second plate will be calculated.
Bevel Code: Resulting bevel
If both bevel and excess has been defined along a certain edge of the plate then normally
the bevel and bevel gap will be disregarded.
By setting the environment variable SBH_BEVELGAP_AT_EXC = <r> both bevel gap and
excess will be accepted, provided the excess <=<r>.
Note: The Drafting default value HATCH_SCL_MODE should be set to 0 (zero) to make a
sensible hatching.
Development
General
Workshop Method: Workshop Method.

Strip Control: Strip Control.

Strip Direction: Strip Direction.
No of Strips: Number of Strips
Spline Tolerance: Spline Tolerance
Neutral Plane Loc. Factor: Location of neutral plane; fraction of plate thickness
Raw Plate Margin: Raw Plate Margin
Roll Axes: Whether roll axes should be calculated
Shrinkage
Longitudinal: Longitudinal Shrinkage
Partition (next to Longitudinal): Longitudinal Partition
Transversal: Transversal Shrinkage
Partition (next to Transversal): Transversal Partition
Production
Bending Template Info

Information within this frame is used to specify input for bending templates for the shell
plate. The given information will be stored in the plate object and override default settings of
the default (ip) file of the function for bending templates.

Bending Template Info

Template Side: Template Side
Along Seam: The seam along which templates should be located
<List Box>: Distance values; click a value to activate it
Distance: New distance value
Add: Add the new distance value
Delete: Delete active distance value
Clear: Delete all distance values
Note: Bending template information given for the plate will override settings of the default
(ip) file of the function for bending templates.
Marking Information
Information within this frame is used to specify marking information for the cpanparts
function (for release of shell plates for production). This information stored in the shell plate
may override the values of default (ip) file. The list boxes at the bottom of the frame have
one option IP which indicates that the settings of default (ip) file will be used. Other options
are to actively include or exclude objects specified in the table above.
Marking Info:
<List Box>: Marking objects; click an object to activate it
Type of Marking: Type of object for which marking should be added
Add...: Indicate marking object graphically
Delete: Delete active marking object from list
Clear: Delete all marking objects from list
Abutting Panels ... Buttock Curves: Handling of marking for object type in
general; IP means that the setting of the default (ip) file for cpanparts should be
used.
Note: Marking information given for the plate will override settings of the default (ip) file of
the cpanparts function.
2.2.3 Shell Profile
Create Shell Profile

This function creates a shell profile (longitudinal or transversal) from a curve defining the
trace. The contents of the select list will affect the behaviour of this function in a way similar
to the functions for creating seams or hull curves. More about the distinction between shell
profiles and shell stiffeners can be read in Interactive Curved Hull Modelling, Introduction.
The form used for input has the following contents:

Figure 2:7. Form for creation and modification of shell profiles
The Long/Trans field: Whether the defined shell profile is a longitudinal or transversal. The
best selection is automatically done, but you may alter the selection in this form. What is
considered the best selection depends on the direction of the normal of the shell profile
plane (or approximate plane in case of a double-curved trace).
The Profile Number Field: The number of the shell profile to create.
The Auto Profile Number check box: This button is visible only when more than one curve
is selected. It works similarly to the Create Hull Curve function, with the difference that the
profile number is increased in steps by 10 for longitudinals.
The Symmetry field: Here you can select if the shell profile is valid for both portside and
starboard, on one of the sides only, or if it is a shell profile across the centreline. This field
will only contain the alternatives relevant for the shell profile trace being modelled.
The Profile Side field: This field defines whether the profile should be located on the inside
or the outside of the hull. Normally this field would be set to indicate the inside. It is only
valid when the shell profile angle is set by default or when it is set perpendicular to the
surface. If the inclination angle of a shell stiffener is given as XT, YT or ZT, the Profile Side
field will be irrelevant for that stiffener. See also Modifying Shell Stiffeners.
The Material Side field: Side of the flange for an asymmetrical profile. Only relevant
alternatives can be selected FOR and AFT, CL and Side or TOP and BOT, depending on
the direction of the profile trace.
The Override Shell Stiffener Data check box: This box is only displayed when modifying
an existing shell profile. Check it to override values for the profile type, dimensions, material
side and quality of the individual shell stiffeners belonging to the shell profile. If the box is

not checked, any shell stiffeners whose type, dimensions, material side or quality have been
modified since the creation of the shell profile will keep these modified settings.
The Profile Data field: This field lets you select how to give profile type, dimensions and
quality:
Choose Form to key in the values directly in the form.
Choose Menu... to pick the profile type and dimensions from a graphical menu
displayed after the form has been closed with the OK button, or to let the profile have
the same type, dimensions and quality as another one.
Note 1
The quality code is still retrieved from the shell profile form unless the same as item
is selected in the menu.
Note 2
To make use of graphical menus for selection of type and dimensions, a special
drawing named _SBH-PROF_TYPES_ must have been prepared in the
SB_SETTINGS_DB databank, as described in Hull / Setup, Customisation and
Standards / Customising Dialog in Hull.
The Type field: Profile type. This field is only valid if Profile Data is set to Form.
Note: Only profile types 10 and 99 are valid when running in FRP mode (optional laminate
modelling feature).
The Dim field: Profile dimensions with each number separated by a comma. This field is
only valid if Profile Data is set to Form.
The Qual field: Profile quality, either as a number (e.g. 1007) or as an alphanumeric code
(e.g. A36), as described in the quality control file. This field is only valid if Profile Data is set
to Form or Menu.
The check box Perpendicular Whole by Default: Checking this box, only visible when
creating a new shell profile, will initially set the profile perpendicular to the surface along its
entire trace. See also Modifying Shell Stiffeners.
The Incl. Points button lets you define inclination points in the profile, i.e. define inclination
angles at any point in any stiffener of the profile.
The Add Branch button lets you add another curve branch to the trace of this shell profile.
You will be asked to select a curve to use. The ordinal numbers of new curve branches will
be set automatically (naming of the different objects connected to the shell profile is
explained in Section 1.4.3). This button is only displayed when modifying a shell profile.
Remove Branch lets you select a curve branch to remove. This button is only displayed
when a profile is being modified, and only as long as the profile consists of more than one
curve branch.
Modify Curve lets you change the definition of any of the curve branches of the shell profile.
If the profile has more than one curve branch, you will be prompted to select a shell stiffener
at the curve to change. The modification of the curve branch works in the same manner as
when modifying a temporary curve. This button is only displayed when modifying a shell
profile.
The Modify Box button: Modify the limiting box of the profile. This will affect the length of
the first or last shell stiffener, which will be shortened or lengthened depending on whether
the box has been made narrower or wider. If the box is narrowed, any shell stiffener located
entirely outside the box will be deleted.

When you press Ok, a shell profile with its name derived from the given profile number is
created. If a shell profile with the given name should already exist, you will have a question
whether it is OK to override the existing plate. You have the following options:
Press the Yes button to create the shell profile with the name as given. The old shell
profile will be lost.
Press the No or Cancel button to give the shell profile another name.
When you press the Cancel button, the system exits the function.
- Inclination Points
To define the exact inclination angle at specific points, up to 100 inclination points may be
added to the shell profile. The location of each point is defined by the intersection between
the profile trace and an object (seam, hull curve, plane, planar panel or another shell profile)
or a principal plane. The angle is input in a similar manner as the angles at stiffener ends,
i.e. measured in a principal plane and given relative to the positive direction of one of the
principal axis in that plane, as follows:
Plane Select in form 0 degree angle 90 degree angle

along the positive along the positive
direction of direction of
X-Y XT X-axis Y-axis
Y-Z YT Y-axis Z-axis
X-Z ZT Z-axis X-axis
The fields in the form for inclination point are described below.
Figure 2:8. Form for handling of inclination points.
The Axis/Type field

The principal axis or object type to define the location of the current inclination point. If
an object is selected interactively, the setting in this field is irrelevant.
The Position/Name field
The position (if principal plane) or object name defining the location of the current
inclination point.

The Incl. Type field

Axis towards which the angle is measured. XT means that the angle is given in the X-
Y plane, with an angle of 0 meaning in the positive direction of the X-axis and an angle
of 90 degrees in the positive direction of the Y-axis. Similarly, YT means the Y-Z plane,
0 and 90 degrees being along the positive direction of the Y-axis and Z-axis,
respectively, and ZT means the X-Z plane, 0 and 90 degrees being along the positive
direction of the Z-axis and X-axis, respectively.
The Angle field
Angle against the principal axis set in the Incl. Type field.
The Add button
Add a new inclination point. The Position/Name and Angle fields will be blanked.
The Copy button
Copy the values of the current inclination point to a new one.
The Remove button
Remove the current inclination point.
The Remove All button
Remove all inclination points in the shell profile. This must be confirmed once more
when the button has been pressed before the points are removed.
The Select button
Pick an object to define the location of the current inclination point.
The First button
Go to the first inclination point in the shell profile.
The Prev button
Go to the previous point in the shell profile.
The Next button
Go to the next point in the shell profile.
The Last button
Go to the last point in the shell profile.
The Ok button
Finish definition of inclination points and return the main shell profile form.
The Cancel button
Cancel the changes of inclination points since this form was shown and return to the
main shell profile form.
Split Symmetric Profile

This function lets you split a symmetric shell profile into one portside and one starboard
specific profile. All stiffeners and trace curves connected to the profile will be split as well.
Objects topologically connected to the profile will also be updated. For example, a
symmetric or CL transversal containing a cutout for an originally symmetric longitudinal will
be updated to contain one cutout for each of the resulting portside and starboard
longitudinals.
Any symmetric profiles or stiffeners already selected will be used as input to the function. If
no such objects are selected, you will be asked to select one or more. Options may be used

to switch between selecting profiles and stiffeners. When the selection is finished, the
selected objects will be split into portside and starboard specific ones.
In case free naming of shell profiles (see The Naming of Longitudinals, Transversals, Shell
Stiffeners and Shell Profile Trace Curves in Chapter Interactive Curved Hull Modelling,
Introduction) is activated, the name of the resulting starboard profile will automatically be set
to the original profile name with an S suffix.
If free naming of shell profiles is not activated, the name of the resulting starboard profile will
follow traditional conventions, given a profile number of 2000 (5000 for transversals) greater
than the original profile number.
If the automatically generated name of the starboard profile is occupied, the system will ask
you for a name or number.
The name of the resulting portside profile will always be identical to the one of the original
profile.
When the operation is finished, the side specific profiles will be selected. Commit the
change with the Apply function. To undo the symmetry split, use the Deactivate function
instead. Deactivating any of the two side specific profiles will automatically deactivate the
other one as well.
2.2.4 Shell Stiffener

This function is divided into three subfunctions, Split, Combine and To Profile DB. They
operate on shell stiffeners, which must either be in the select list or be picked by the user at
the time the function is selected.
Split
The Split function divides one or more shell stiffeners into a larger number of shell stiffeners
by intersecting them with some other objects. These splitting objects can be seams,
temporary curves, planes, shell profiles or plane panels.
When the Split function is first selected, you are asked to select what kind of object you
want to use for the splitting. After that shell stiffeners will either be picked from the select list
or, if none are present, you will be asked to indicate the shell stiffeners on the screen,
finishing your selection with Operation Complete. Next, the splitting objects are fetched,
either from the select list (if present) or by you picking them in a view. When these steps are
finished, the splitting is done and the new shell stiffeners are put on the select list.
When a shell stiffener is split against a splitting object, the result will be two new shell
stiffeners replacing the old one. When you split a shell stiffener by intersecting it with a panel
or a shell profile, the two shell stiffener ends adjacent to the panel or shell profile will be
slightly offset, compensating for the material thickness of the splitting object.
It is possible to split one or more shell stiffeners at a time, as well as intersecting it (them)
with one or more splitting objects at the same time. However, it is not possible to split with
different kinds of splitting objects in one operation.
The end definitions (end cut, connection code etc.) of the two new shell stiffeners resulting
from a split operation will be the same as for the corresponding end of the original stiffener.
The stiffener ends at the intersection point will get default end definitions (perpendicular end
cuts and connection codes as when a profile is first created).

Combine
The Combine could be said to be the reverse function of Split. After having selected a
number of shell stiffeners, you can combine them to reduce the number of stiffeners. The
criteria for which stiffeners may be combined are described below.
The combination of shell stiffeners is done by selecting the Combine function. If the select
list contains any shell stiffeners, they will be used. Otherwise, you are asked to indicate a
number of shell stiffeners. After this, the selected stiffeners are combined and put in the
select list.
Not every pair of shell stiffeners can be combined to one. The following conditions must be
met if two stiffeners should be combined:
They must belong to the same curve branch of a single shell profile.
They must be adjacent to each other in the shell profile trace.
If possible, the data for the two shell stiffeners will remain unchanged. If, however, they are
not the same for both shell stiffeners, the data for the first shell stiffener in the select list will
be used. End data for the combined shell stiffener will be taken from the corresponding end
of one of the two original shell stiffeners as far as possible. However, if for example the
profile types of the shell stiffeners differ, the end cut of one end has to be changed. There
are also other cases when such things could happen, especially with some combinations of
different kinds of inclination angles at the two ends.
Modify Curve
Use this function to modify the trace curve for a single stiffener within a shell profile.
Any selected shell stiffeners will be used as primary input to this function. If no stiffeners are
selected, you will be asked to pick one or more shell stiffeners. Finish the selection of
stiffeners with Operation Complete.
After stiffeners have been selected, you will be asked for the new definition of the trace
curve for these stiffeners.
One or more new curve branches will be created for the selected stiffeners (one branch only
if all selected stiffeners are adjoining). The updated stiffeners will be selected, and you must
use the Apply function to commit the changes. To undo the changes, use Deactivate
instead.
To Manufacturing DB
This function generates stiffener parts for production purposes in the manufacturing
database.
If the select list contains any shell stiffeners when the function is invoked, production parts
will be generated for them. Otherwise, you will be prompted to select shell stiffeners. Finish
the selection by Operation Complete, after which the production parts will be generated.
2.2.5 Create Feature

Holes, notches, cutouts and marking lines in shell profiles are called features with a
common name. Such features are always defined on the shell profile level, and a single
feature definition can result in a large number of features, distributed over several shell
profiles. This way, a large number of features can be created in a single operation. All the
features resulting from the same definition and belonging to the same profile are treated
together as a feature group. Therefore, it is not possible, for example, to delete some of the

holes in a group but not others. Instead, the solution is to change the definition for the group
of holes.
Hole
When the Create Feature/Hole function is first invoked, you will be prompted to pick one or
more shell profiles to contain the holes. End the indication of profiles with Operation
Complete. However, if one or more shell profiles are already selected, these are used.
Next, the following form is displayed:
Figure 2:9. Form for creation and modification of holes in shell profiles
The Positions field: Where to place the holes. Repetition terms may be used in accordance
with what is set in the Axis field.
The Axis field: Along which of the principal axes the positions of the holes in the group are
placed.
The Type field: Standard means that the type of the hole is given in the field to the right in
the form. Arbitrary lets you type in the name of an object from which the geometry of the
hole is taken. Menu will bring up a menu after the form has been closed (using the Ok
button). From this menu, you can select the type of hole, and the dimensions of the hole.
Same As will give this hole definition the same hole type and dimensions as another group
of holes, which you will be asked to indicate after the form has been closed.
The Mirrored toggle: Indicates whether the holes should have their normal appearance or
be mirrored around the v axis. This field is irrelevant for all standard holes.
The Inclination Angle field: The angle of the hole geometry, given in degrees. If this field is
left empty, the angle will be set to 0 degrees.
The Dist. From Trace field: Distance from the trace to the centre of the holes.
The Ok button: Close the form and create or modify the group of holes.
The Cancel button: Exit the operation without creating or modifying any holes.
As mentioned above, holes can be selected from a menu dialog. The selectable holes can
be customized. Further information about this can be found in Customizing dialogs in Hull.

Notch
When the Create Feature/Notch function is first invoked, you will be prompted to pick one
or more shell profiles to contain the notches. End the indication of profiles by Operation
Figure 2:10. Form for creation and modification of notches in shell profiles.
The Reference field: Coordinates will result in notches at the positions given in the
Positions field. Normal Seams and Refl. Seams places the notches at the intersections
with the seams (in normal or reflected positions, respectively) named in the Positions field.
The Indicate Seam Refs toggle: Activating this button means that the intersecting seams
should be picked interactively. After closing the form with the Ok button, you will be
prompted to pick the seams.
The Positions field: Where to place the notches. If Reference is set to Coordinates, the
positions are to be given as a co-ordinate or repetition term in accordance with the setting of
the Axis field. Otherwise, this field should contain names of seams intersecting the shell
profile trace. Repetition terms are allowed also in this case. Notches will be placed at the
intersections between the named seams and the profile trace. Regardless of whether this
field contains co-ordinates or seam names, multiple repetition terms separated by comma
signs are allowed. This field is irrelevant in case of interactive picking of intersecting seams.
Examples of valid input in this field are the following:
"ESS1010,ESS1050" which will make use of the two named seams (the Reference
field must be set to Normal Seams or Refl. Seams)
"ESS1010(10)1050,ESS1070" which will make use of the seams with numbers 1010,
1020, 1030, 1040, 1050 and 1070 (the Reference field must be set to Normal Seams
or Refl. Seams)
"FR10(5)25" which will set notches at every fifth frame from frame 10 to frame 25 (the
Reference field must be set to Coordinates).
The Axis field: The principal axis along which the positions of the notches in the group are
placed. The setting of this field is only relevant when the Reference field is set to
Coordinates.
The Type field: Standard means that the notch type is given in the field to the right in the
form. Arbitrary lets you type in the name of an object from which the notch geometry is
taken. Menu will bring up a menu after the form has been closed (using the Ok button).
From this menu, you can select the type and the dimensions of the notch. Same As will give

this notch definition the same notch type and dimensions as another group of notches,
which you will be asked to indicate after the form has been closed.
The Mirrored toggle: Indicates whether the notches should have their normal appearance
or be mirrored around the v-axis. This field is irrelevant for standard notches.
The Ok button: Close the form and create or modify the group of notches.
The Cancel button: Exit the operation without creating or modifying any notches.
As mentioned above, notches can be selected from a menu dialog. The selectable notches
can be customized. Further information can be found in Customizing dialogs in Hull.
Cutout
When the Create Feature/Cutout function is first invoked, you will be prompted to pick one
or more shell profiles to contain the cutouts. End the indication of profiles with Operation
Figure 2:11. Form for creation and modification of cutouts in shell profiles.
The Reference field: Normal Profiles and Refl. Profiles places the cutouts at the
intersections with the shell profiles named in the Positions field, in normal or reflected
positions, respectively.
The Indicate Shell Profiles check box: Activating this button means that the intersecting
shell profiles should be picked interactively. After closing the form with the Ok button, you
will be prompted to pick the profiles.
The Positions field: Where to place the cutouts. This field should contain names of shell
profiles intersecting the shell profile trace, with repetition terms allowed. Cutouts will be
placed at the intersections between the named profiles and the profile trace. Multiple
repetition terms separated by comma signs are allowed. This field is irrelevant in case of
interactive picking of intersecting profiles. Examples of valid input in this field are the
following:
"ESL110,ESL150" which will make use of the two named longitudinals

"ESL110(10)150,ESL170" which will make use of the longitudinals with numbers 110,
120, 130, 140, 150 and 170.
The Cutout Type field: The type of cutout.
The Ok button: Close the form and create or modify the group of cutouts.
The Cancel button: Exit the operation without creating or modifying any cutouts.
Marking
When the Create Feature/Marking function is first invoked, you will be prompted to pick
one or more shell profiles to contain the marking lines. End the indication of profiles with
Operation Complete. However, if one or more shell profiles are already selected, these are
used. Next, the following form is displayed:
Figure 2:12. Form for creation and modification of markings in shell profiles.
The Positions field: Where to place the marking lines. The position is to be given as a co-
ordinate or repetition term in accordance with the setting of the Axis field.
The Axis field: Along which principal axis the positions of the marking lines in the group are
placed.
The Length field: Length of the marking lines.
The Profile Height toggle: Whether the lengths of the marking lines should match the
profile height.
The Symmetric check box: Whether the marking lines should be on both sides of the shell
profile.
The Direction field: Plane means that the lines will lie in the plane given in the Axis field.
Perp will result in marking lines perpendicular to the trace. Angle creates marking lines with
an angle relative to the positive direction of the trace. The angle is given in the Inclination
Angle field.
The Inclination Angle field: The angle between the trace and the marking line. This field is
only relevant if the Direction field is set to Angle.
The Marking Text field: Marking text. The same text will be set to all the marking lines of the
group.
The Ok button: Close the form and create or modify the group of marking lines.

The Cancel button: Exit the operation without creating or modifying any marking lines.
2.2.6 Curved Panel
Create Curved Panel

Creating a curved panel in Interactive Curved Hull Modelling is merely a task of collecting
existing plates and stiffeners. All the parts that form the panel will be automatically renamed
in accordance with the existing naming conventions. When this function is invoked the
following form is displayed:
Figure 2:13. Form for creation and modification of curved panels.
The Panel Name field: Name of the curved panel.

The Sym field: Symmetry information. This can be set to PS and SB for a symmetric panel,
PS for a portside specific panel, SB for a starboard specific panel or Over CL for a panel
extending over the centre line of the ship. A CL panel may contain all kinds of plates and
stiffeners, while plates in symmetric panels also must be symmetric. PS and SB specific
panels may either contain parts defined in the same position as the panel or symmetric
parts.
The Block Name field: Name of the block containing the panel.
The Shrinkage and Partition fields: Default plate shrinkage in longitudinal and transversal
direction within the panel. Any plates not given explicit shrinkage values will inherit these
default values. For further information on shrinkage, see Developed Plate View.
The Add Plates button: Add new plates to the panel. This button is only available when
modifying an existing curved panel.
The Add Stiffeners button: Add new stiffeners to the panel. This button is only available
when modifying an existing curved panel.
The Remove Plates button: Remove plates from the panel. This button is only available
when modifying an existing curved panel.
The Remove Stiffeners button: Remove stiffeners from the panel. This button is only
available when modifying an existing curved panel.

The Ok button: In create mode, close the form and continue indicating plates and stiffeners.
In modify mode, update the panel with the new settings.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating a panel.
The Handle Holes button: Enables the user to create, delete and modify holes in curved
panels. This button is only available when modifying an existing curved panel.
- Holes in Curved Panels

Holes in curved panels is a somewhat generalised concept. It includes closed contours
corresponding to the normal understanding of an opening in the shell. However, a
generalized hole may be an arbitrary open contour added as marking contour to a shell or
intended to become part of the outer contour of shell plates.
In this way, shell plates with complex outer contours can be generated.
Thus, holes may be of the following types:
1. Ordinary standard holes
2. Arbitrary closed contours, treated as standard holes.
3. Holes, described as closed or open contours and located in space by a transformation
matrix.
Holes of categories 1 and 2 must be located when set (by a line through the reference point
along which the hole will be projected into the shell. The reference point is the origin in the
local coordinate system in which the hole is described).
Holes of category 2 can be created in Drafting mode (around a local origin) and stored in the
Hull Form databank (CGDB).
Holes of category 3 must be stored in the Form Data bank as a planar curve object with a
transformation matrix. It can be arbitrarily located in space and will be projected along the
normal (w-axis) of its local coordinate system. It can be created in Drafting mode in either a
planar symbolic view or in a general 3D view perpendicular to a principal axis.
Holes will normally be truly developed, both when presented in views of the curved panel
and when inserted in the developed shell plate.
However, for holes of categories 1 and 2 there is an option to insert the holes into the shell
plate without development, e.g. a round hole will still inserted in the plate in its original
shape irrespective of the orientation of the line along which it is located in the shell.
The position of a hole of category 1 or 2 is calculated as the intersection between a line
through the reference point of the hole and the surface. This line may be:
A line parallel to a selected main axis of the ship coordinate system (through the
reference point of the hole)
A line through two point in space.
If the hole is not a round one an additional point may be given to orientate the u-axis of the
hole. If the length of this point is <=1 it is interpreted as vector along the u-axis.
A hole of category 3 is positioned by its transformation matrix. If the hole when projected
has several intersections with the curved panel, an approximate coordinate along an axis
must be given to select the proper position.
A hole may be marked or burnt.
Hole crossmark (available in curved panel view) is created/updated/deleted along with the
hole in Handle Holes dialog.

Crossmark lines are positioned along u-axis and v-avis of the hole.
Lines cross in mid points between u/v min and max coordinates.
Lines extent to a physical part such as nearest seam, long/trans or planar panel.
Some other characteristics of this implementation:
AVEVA Marine automatically identifies to which plates within the panel the hole
belongs.
Holes may cross plate boundaries.
The hole contour is automatically added to the developed plate when transferred to the
plate databank.
The holes are visualized as part of a curved panel in any view, e.g. 3D-views and shellx
views.
The weight and centre of gravity calculation for a curved panel takes only burnt holes
into account.
The Handle Holes button will bring up a form for setting the data required to create new
holes, also to modify and delete existing holes.

Figure 2:14. Form for handling of holes in curved panels.
The New button: To create a new hole in the panel from an empty form.
The Copy button: Creates a new hole in the panel identical to the present one. Useful if only
a few parameters should be changed (only when holes exist).
The Delete button: Deletes the current hole from the panel. (Ditto)
The Hole Number field: The number of the current hole in the panel.
The Select Hole button: Enables the user to select any of the existing holes in the panel
from a list (only in case when holes already exist).
The Next button: Moves to the next hole in the panel (only when holes exist).

The Previous button: Moves to the hole before the current hole. (Ditto)
The Designation field: The type of standard hole or name of a closed contour stored on
SB_CGDB.
The Select Designation button: If a hole control file exists then the user can choose a hole
from the hole menu.
Hole to be: The check box Developed should be checked if a true intersection curve should
be evaluated between the hole as a cylinder and the surface. If not checked the original
shape of the hole will be retained.
The next field defines if the hole should be burnt or marked. The options for marking define
the different combinations of marking of the hole centre and marking of the outer contour of
the hole. The outer contour can be either marked or not, and the centre of the hole can be
marked by a small cross-mark, a large cross-mark, a marking shaped like the digit 4
(special), or not at all.
The Hole Along field offers three options for definition of the position of the hole (cf. above).
Axis means that the axis is along a selected main axis of the ship coordinate system.
Selection is made via the Approximate Coordinate field.
In this case the two relevant coordinates of Point 1 should be given relevant values. In case
of multiple intersections between the line and the surface an approximate coordinate should
be given to select the proper intersection point.
In case of Hole Along Line two points in space should be given, defining the reference axis
of the hole cylinder. Coordinates should be given in the fields Point 1 and Point 2
respectively.
(For holes of category 3 the alternative As stored should be used. It may be combined with
an approximate position along a given axis. Otherwise, no location should be specified in
this case.)
For Asymmetrical Holes the values of the Direction Point are used to specify a point on
the u-axis of the hole co-ordinate system. Should be given only if the hole contour itself is
asymmetric. Irrelevant for holes of category 3.
PS/SB specifies the symmetry of the hole. There are three options: As panel, PS, SB. E.g.
a hole for an otherwise symmetrical may be specified to be valid for PS only. Is "As panel"
selected the hole will be valid in both the PS and SB version of the panel.
The Excess and Excess type are used to specify the excess along a hole. This excess
affects the geometry only when accessed for nesting. - Excess is relevant only for holes that
will become part of the outer contour, i.e. not for closed holes in the interior of the plate and
not for holes to be marked.
The Compensation field is used to define compensation (i.e. "triangular" excess along a
hole). It may be defined >0 or <0. The sign has the same meaning as when compensation is
defined along the edges of the plate, i.e. increasing "excess" as you go along the hole
contour. The direction is the direction of the curve after insertion into the outer contour (i.e.
the original direction of the hole curve is irrelevant). - The compensation is not valid for
closed holes in the interior of the plate.
Bevel may be defined for a hole. Two alternatives exist:
Either an explicit bevel code may be defined in the field Bevel. The direction from
which it is regarded may be defined via the field Bevel side. Any bevel gap will affect
the geometry of the hole.

As an alternative dotori bevel may be requested, i.e. a bevel with continuously varying
bevel angle. This is selected via the check box Dotori. In this case the Bevel set may
be used to specify the set to be used for selection of the bevel type. If the set is
undefined the default set for "bevel in holes" will be used.
The dotori angle will be calculated relative to the cylinder along which the hole has
been projected into the surface.
The field Grinding may be used to specify that the hole should be ground (mainly for future
use).
Pressing Ok will bring the panel form back.
Note: The accuracy of the developed hole (both in views and in the developed plate) is
currently affected by a temporary environment variable SBH_HOLEMARK_PART
that may be used to control the distance between points on the curve to be
developed. By default this distance is 500 mm.
This parameter is relevant only for non-straight parts of the curve and "fillets" (arcs
with a centre angle>30 degrees) will always be represented by at least three points
independent of the partition.
Reducing the distance may increase accuracy at the cost of performance.
Combine Curved Panels

This function combines two or more curved panels. Only panels with adjacent plates will be
combined; you cannot combine panels into a panel containing holes in the plating or plate
islands.
Any selected panels will be used as primary input to this function. If less that two panels are
selected, you will be asked to pick panels to combine.
When the operation is finished, the resulting panel will be selected. Commit the change with
the Apply function. To undo the combine operation, use the Deactivate function instead.
2.2.7 Create Hull Curve

This function creates hull curves from temporary geometry curves. The resulting hull curve
is simply a temporary curve with a user-defined name. The contents of the select list will
affect the behaviour of the function in the same way as for the Seam/ Butt creation function,
with the only difference that hull curves cannot be used.
If applicable, this function also updates the frame, buttock and waterline tables according to
the input. The conditions for this updating to take place are:
The curve name must begin with the prefix for frame, buttock or waterline curves,
respectively, as setup in the project.
The rest of the curve name must consist of an integer not greater than 32767.
The curve must be defined in the principal plane corresponding to the prefix given in
the curve name.
Thus, for example, if a curve is defined in the plane X = FR40 and given the name ESX40,
the frame table will be updated with this curve (given that the frame curve prefix is ESX).
The form used for input has the following contents:

Figure 2:15. Form for creation and modification of hull curves.
The Name field: The name of the hull curve to create.

The Auto Name check box: This button is visible only when the select list contains more
than one curve. If the button is "on" then all the hull curves after the first one are
automatically numbered (in steps of 1). The Name field contains the name of the first curve.
This name must have a numerical part surrounded by the characters "<" and ">" to define
what to increment. If this is not the case, an ordinal number will be added at the end of the
name as given in the Name field, starting with 1 for the first hull curve.
Example:
If ABC is entered in the Name field and three curves are currently selected, the resulting hull
curves will be named ABC1, ABC2 and ABC3. If instead AB<10>C is entered in the Name
field, the resulting hull curves will be named AB10C, AB11C and AB12C.
As an alternative a numerical repetition term can also be given in the Name field. The
repetition must be surrounded by the characters "<" and ">" and contain a start value, a step
value within parenthesis, and an end value.
Example:
AB<10(5)20>C will generate three curves named AB10C, AB15C and AB20C. Note that in
case a repetition term is used, the number of curve names generated must match the
number of curves in the select list.
The Surface field: The surface in which the hull curve is defined. This field is for information
only and cannot be changed.
The fields Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, Ymax, Zmin and Zmax: The box defining the hull curve
limits. Initially set to the corresponding values of the default box.
When you press Ok, a hull curve with the given name is created. If a hull curve with the
given name should already exist, you will have a question whether it is OK to override the
existing hull curve. You have the following options:
Press the Yes button to create the hull curve with the name as given. The old hull curve
will be lost.

Press the No or Cancel button to give the hull curve another name.
The Cancel button in the form makes the system exit the Hull Curve function.
The button Modify Curve: This button lets you change the definition that the hull curve is
based upon. This in turn is done the same way as when you modify a temporary curve
which is described in a later section. This button is only displayed when modifying an
existing hull curve.
2.2.8 Create Storable Plane

This function lets you name and store a plane for later use. The storable plane object is
simply a temporary plane (see below) with a user-defined name. If any planes are selected
when the function is invoked, these are used. Otherwise, you will be prompted for a plane
definition. Next, the following form will be displayed:
Figure 2:16. Form for creation and modification of storable planes
The Name field: The name of the plane. Storable planes may be given an arbitrary name.
than one plane. If the box is checked then all the planes after the first one are automatically
numbered (in steps of 1). The Name field then contains the name of the first plane. This
name must have a numerical part surrounded by the characters "<" and ">" to define what to
increment. If this is not the case, an ordinal number will be added at the end of the name as
given in the Name field, starting with 1 for the first plane. For examples, please refer to the
description of the Create Hull Curve function.
The Modify Plane button: Lets you change the definition of the plane.
The Ok button: When you press this button, a plane with the given name is created. If a
plane with the given name should already exist, you will have a question whether it is OK to
override the existing plane. You have the following options:
Press the Yes button to create the plane with the name as given. The old plane will be
lost.
Press the No or Cancel button to give the plane another name.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating a plane.
2.2.9 Create Storable Point

This function lets you name and store a point for later use. The storable point object is
simply a temporary point (see below) with a user-defined name. If any points are selected
when the function is invoked, these are used. Otherwise, you will be prompted for a point
definition. Next, the following form will be displayed:

Figure 2:17. Form for creation and modification of storable points
The Name field: The name of the point. Storable points may be given an arbitrary name.
than one point. If the box is checked then all the points after the first one are automatically
numbered (in steps of 1). The Name field then contains the name of the first point. This
name must have a numerical part surrounded by the characters "<" and ">" to define what to
increment. If this is not the case, an ordinal number will be added at the end of the name as
given in the Name field, starting with 1 for the first point. For examples, please refer to the
description of the Create Hull Curve function.
The Modify Point button: Lets you change the definition of the point.
The Ok button: When you press this button, a point with the given name is created. If a point
with the given name should already exist, you will have a question whether it is OK to
override the existing point. You have the following options:
Press Yes to create the point with the name as given. The old point will be lost.
Press No or Cancel to give the point another name.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating a point.
2.2.10 Delete
This function deletes selected model objects from the database as well as features in shell
profiles. For shell profiles, all its shell stiffeners and trace curves will also be deleted.
2.2.11 Recreate
The Recreate function triggers a regeneration of a model object. For example, assume that
a seam, ESS100, is defined to be parallel to another seam, ESS101. Assume that ESS101
is moved. If you select ESS100 and then invoke the Recreate function, ESS100 is
recalculated to be parallel to ESS101 in its new position.
2.2.12 Modify
This function is used to modify existing geometry or model objects of all kinds supported in
the Model and Geometry menus. Modifying objects is much the same as creating them, with
the only difference that you first have to pick an existing object to modify. As usual, this is
done by already having it in the select list (all the objects in the list will be modified, one at a
time) or by you picking it in a view. When an object is identified the same form is brought up
on the screen as when you created the object, with all the previous definition data for that
object filled in the fields of the form. For objects not using any form at the creation, a pop-up
menu with the different parameters is displayed instead. The fields of all the forms and pop-
up menus are described in this section as well as in The Geometry Submenu.

For details about setting of holes in a curved panel see Create Curved Panel / Holes in
Curved Panels above.
Modifying Shell Stiffeners

For shell stiffeners there is no corresponding create function since new shell stiffeners are
created with the Split function. Therefore, the Modify function for shell stiffeners will be
described here.
A large number of attributes can be modified for a shell stiffener. The modify dialog is
therefore divided into four pages described below.
Figure 2:18. Form for modification of General Shell Stiffener Data
Name Prefix: E.g. panel or profile name used as part of the stiffener name.
Running Number: Running number of the stiffener used as part of the stiffener name.
Posno: Position number of the shell stiffener.
When modifying several shell stiffeners, it is possible to use incremental repetition term in
the format of e.g. 1()10, 1(2)9,1-9, 12-18, 100(-2)92
GPS (or Posno Prefix and Posno Suffix if SBH_AN_POSNO is set): General purpose
strings 1 to 4. If the logical SBH_AN_POSNO is set, strings 1 and 2 are interpreted as parts
(prefix and suffix, respectively) of an alphanumeric position number for the shell stiffener.

For example, if the prefix is set to ABC, the suffix is set to DEF and the position number is
set to 10, the alphanumerical position number will equal ABC10DEF.
Shrinkage: Shrinkage of the shell stiffener, measured in mm/m.
Weld Depth: Depth of the fillet weld when the stiffener is mounted on a curved panel.
Location Code, Parts List Name, Destination and Surface Treatment: These are all
identification strings with a user-defined purpose.
Figure 2:19. For for modification of Shell Stiffener Profile Data
Symmetry: Side for which the selected stiffener is valid. Set to Dummy to make the
stiffener a dummy stiffener, i.e. without any material.
Bevel Trace: Bevel along the trace.
Automatic Bevel: Whether Dotori should be applied along the trace.
Material from: Use this field to choose the way profile data is given. The field can be set to
Form (use the form input), Menu (select type and dimensions from a menu) or Default (use
default settings for the corresponding shell profile).
Type: Profile type valid for the shell stiffener.
Parameters: Profile dimensions valid for the shell stiffener.
Quality: Material code.

Material Side: Material side of the shell stiffener.

Laminate side: Laminate at the side of the stiffener, either as numeric code or text.
Laminate top: Laminate at the top of the stiffener, either as numeric code or text.
Bead width: Width of bead at the stiffener.
Bead posno: Position number of the bead.
Bead quality: Material code of the bead.
Figure 2:20. For for modification of Shell Stiffener End Data
Incl. Type: Default means the angle at the stiffener end is in the plane of the stiffener trace
curve. If the stiffener trace is not planar, then an "approximate plane" is calculated and used
to set the default angle. Perp will make the stiffener perpendicular to the surface at the end,
while Perp Whole will make the stiffener perpendicular to the surface in every point of the
stiffener trace. XT, YT and ZT may be used in combination with the Angle field to set an
explicit angle, which is measured according to the following rules:
If XT is set, the angle will be measured in the X-Y plane. An angle of 0 is along the
positive direction of the x axis. An increase of the angle will mean a counter-clockwise
rotation, seen along the negative direction of the z axis.
If YT is set, the angle will be measured in the Y-Z plane. An angle of 0 is along the
positive direction of the y axis. An increase of the angle will mean a counter-clockwise
rotation, seen along the negative direction of the x axis.

If ZT is set, the angle will be measured in the Z-X plane. An angle of 0 is along the
positive direction of the z axis. An increase of the angle will mean a counter-clockwise
rotation, seen along the negative direction of the y axis.
Conn. from: Use this field to choose the way the connection code is given. The field can be
set to Form (use the input in the Conn. Code field) or Menu (select connection code from a
menu).
Conn. Code:
Connection code. Not valid if connection data are to be input via menus.
Clearance:
Clearance in millimetres between the splitting point and the stiffener end. This setting
overrides clearance defined by the connection code.
Clearance towards:
Select whether given clearance is measured perpendicularly to the cutting plane or a
principal plane.
Endcut from:
Select whether to input the end cut from the form or from menus. If the latter
alternative is chosen, the menus will appear after the OK button is pressed.
Endcut Type:
End cut type. Not valid if end cut data are to be input via menus.
Parameters:
End cut parameters, separated by commas.
Conn. Angle:
Select whether the connection angle should be calculated from the cutting plane or a
principal plane, or given explicitly in the Parameters field.
Bevel Web:
Bevel on the profile web at the stiffener end.
Bevel Flange:
Bevel on the profile flange at the stiffener end.
Excess:
Excess at the stiffener end.
2.2.13 Topology
Use this function to find topological references between objects, or to select for example all
objects topologically depending on another object.
First select the starting object ("root object"). After that, a multiple choice dialog will appear.
You can use the different buttons to move in the dependency tree. At all times, there will be
one or more current objects, starting with the root object you selected. The buttons are
described below:
Dependent primary
Find the objects directly depending on the current object (or objects) and make them
current instead. For example, if the current object is a seam, clicking this button will
find all the shell plates bounded by this seam (among other things). Now, the current
objects will be the plates and not the seam.

Dependent all
Similar to Dependent primary, but all objects depending in any number of steps will
be found.
Defining
Find the objects directly defining the current object (or objects) and make them current
instead. For example, if a seam parallel to another seam is current, then the original
seam will be found and made current instead.
List names
List the names of all current objects.
Select
Put all current objects in the normal select list. When you exit the topology function,
the objects will still be selected and you can for example choose to recreate them.
Undo
Back one step at a time in the searching of the dependency tree. Note that the Undo
function is connected only to Dependent primary, Dependent all and Defining.
Cleanup
Select a new root object. Any objects put in the select list will remain there.
Cancel
Exit the function.
2.3 The Geometry Submenu

These functions model general geometric objects such as points, planes and curves. These
objects are temporary in the sense that they exist only in the work area; they are never
stored in the database. Temporary objects automatically get system defined names.
2.3.1 The Point Function

There are four ways to define a point. They are described below:
Three Co-ordinates
The point is defined by 3 explicitly given co-ordinates. The following form is used for input:

Figure 2:21. Form for creation and modification of point defined by three co-ordinates.
Point 1: The co-ordinates of the point, separated by spaces.

The Indicate button: Press this button to access all the possibilities of Drafting to define a
3D point.
The Type button: Change the type of the point to any of the point types described in this
section. This button is only displayed when modifying an existing point.
The Apply button: Create a point with the given input, but keep the form open. This is
practical if several points are to be created at the same time. This button is only displayed
when creating a new point.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create a new point or modify an existing one according
to the input.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating or modifying any point.
Point on Surface
This function defines a point in a surface by giving two co-ordinates (two of x, y and z).
Together they define a line that is parallel to one of the co-ordinate axes. The system gets a
point by intersection of the line and the surface. In case of multiple intersections an
"approximate co-ordinate" can be used to make the system select the intersection point that
is closest to that co-ordinate.
The following form is used in this function:

Figure 2:22. Form for creation and modification of point on surface
The Surface field: The surface to use in calculating the position of the point. The contents of
this field cannot be changed; it is always set to the name of the default surface.
The Coordinate System field: Set this to one of XY, XZ or YZ, depending on which two co-
ordinates of the point are known. The co-ordinates should be given in the order indicated by
this selection, for example the Coord1 field should contain the y co-ordinate and the
Coord2 field should contain the z co-ordinate if this field is set to YZ.
The Coord1 field: The first co-ordinate of the point.
The Coord2 field: The second co-ordinate of the point.
The Approximate Coord field: The third, approximate co-ordinate of the point as described
above.
With the Select Surface button you can change the surface to intersect. This button is only
displayed when modifying an existing point.
The Select Type button lets you change the type of the point to any of the point types
described in this section. This button is only displayed when modifying an existing point.
The Apply button: Create a point with the given input, but keep the form open. This is
practical if several points are to be created at the same time. This button is only displayed
when creating a new point.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create a new point or modify an existing one according
to the input.
Intersection of a Curve and a Plane/Plane Panel

This function creates a point in the intersection between a curve and a plane or plane panel.
In case of multiple intersections, several points will be created. Any curves, planes and
plane panels already selected will be used as primary input to this function. If no objects are
selected, you will be asked to select curves and planes or panels.
No form is used when creating a point of this type. However, when an existing point is to be
modified the following form is displayed:

Figure 2:23. Pop-up menu for modification of point in intersection between curve and plane.
When modifying an existing point of this type, by selecting Modify Curve you can modify
the curve the point is based upon. The button Modify Plane equivalently lets you modify the
plane used to create the point. The Select Type button lets you change the type of the point
to any of the point types described in this section. Finally Ok quits the Modify function and
recreates the point.
Point Moved along Curve

This function creates a point by movement of another point along a curve. The base object,
i.e. the object defining the starting point, may be either a point itself or a curve. In the latter
case, the starting point is defined by either of the end points of the curve. If the base object
is a point, the point must rely on a curve in its definition. This means that only points of the
following types are allowed:
Point at the intersection between a curve and a plane
Point at the intersection between two curves
Another point moved along a curve
Any point or curve already selected will be used as a base object, which means that points
can be moved along several curves in a single operation. If there are no valid base objects
selected (curves or points of any of the abovementioned types), you will be asked to define
or select one or more.
When the base objects have been defined, the following form is shown:
Figure 2:24. Form for creation and modification of a moved point.

Depending on whether the base object is a curve or a point, the form will look slightly
different. If the base object is a curve, the form will look exactly as above. If the base object
is a point, "From end" will be replaced by "Direction".
The Distance field: Distance to move from the starting point. This distance is measured
along the curve. If a point has been selected as base object, the new point will be moved
along the curve used in the definition of the base point. If the starting point is defined by the
intersection between two curves, the new point will be moved along the first of the two
curves, i.e. the one that was picked first when the starting point once was created. Several
distances may be specified at once with a repetition term on the form <first
distance>(<spacing>)<last distance>. For example, entering "1000(2000)5000" (without
quotes) in the Distance field will create new points at the distances 1000, 3000 and 5000
millimetres from the base point.
The From end/Direction field: If the base object is a curve, this field specifies which of the
end points to start moving from. Otherwise, the field specifies in which direction the base
point will be moved.
The Apply button: Create one or more points with the given input, but keep the form open.
This is practical if several points are to be created at irregular distances. This button is
displayed only when creating new points.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create new points or modify an existing one according
to the input.
Intersection of Two Curves

This function creates a point by intersecting two or more curves. In case of multiple
intersections, a new point will be created for each intersection. Any curves already selected
will be used as input to this function. If there are less than two curves selected, you will be
asked to define or select more curves.
No form is used when creating a point of this type. However, when modifying an existing
point, the following menu is displayed:
Figure 2:25. Pop-up menu for modification of a point at the intersection between two curves.
When modifying an existing point of this type, by selecting Modify Curve 1 or Modify
Curve 2, you can modify each of the curves (numbered in the order they were selected at
the time the point was created). The Select Type button lets you change the type of the
point to any of the point types described in this section. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function
and recreates the point, while Cancel aborts the function without any action.

Reflected Point
This function creates a point by reflecting another one in the centre line of the ship. Any
points already selected will be used as input to this function. If there are no points selected,
you will be asked to define or select one or more.
No form is used when creating a point of this type. However, when modifying an existing
point, the following menu is displayed:
Figure 2:26. Pop-up menu for modification of a reflected point.
When modifying an existing point of this type, by selecting Modify Base Point, you can
modify the base point. The Select Type button lets you change the type of the point to any
of the point types described in this section. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and
recreates the point, while Cancel aborts the function without any action.
2.3.2 The Plane Function

Even though a plane will be displayed as if it were limited by the default box, it is
unrestricted in all directions in the calculations using it.
There are five possibilities to define a plane. They are described below:
Principal Plane
This type of plane is perpendicular to one of the co-ordinate axes.
Figure 2:27. Form for creation and modification of principal plane.
The Axis field: If you select X for instance, then the plane will be perpendicular to the x-axis.

The Coord field: Here you give one or several co-ordinate values, e.g. "FR40(10)80",
"FR40,FR50,FR60". (If Axis is set to X then the Coord field contains co-ordinate values
along the x axis and ditto for the y and z axes).
The Select Type button: Lets you change the type of the plane to any of the plane types
described in this section. This button is only displayed when modifying an existing plane.
The Apply button: Create a plane with the given input, but keep the form open. This is
practical if several planes are to be created at the same time. This button is only displayed
when creating a new plane.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create a new plane or modify an existing one according
to the input.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating or modifying any plane.
Plane Defined by Three Points

If there are any points in the select list when you enter this function, these points will define
the plane. If no points (or less than three) are in the select list, the program will ask you to
define the missing points. Each point can be of any of the four types described in The Point
Function.
When modifying an existing plane of this type, the following form is used:
Figure 2:28. Pop-up menu for modification of plane defined by three points.
By selecting Modify Point 1, Modify Point 2 or Modify Point 3 you can modify the
corresponding definition point. The Select Type button lets you change the type of the plane
to any of the plane types described in this section. Ok quits the Modify function and
recreates the plane.
Plane Defined by Two Points and a Principal Axis

This type of plane is defined by two points and the condition that the plane is parallel to one
of the principal axes. The figures below show the different resulting planes for all three axes
using the same two points.
As for the plane by three points, this function checks for points in the select list.
In certain cases, the function automatically determines which axis to use in the plane
definition. This is true if the surface normals at both points have approximately the same
direction, i.e. the principal axis closest to one of the surface normals is also the one closest
to the other normal. Then this principal axis is automatically used in the plane definition. In

other cases, the user is prompted for an axis. The automatic axis selection feature may be
disabled by setting the default parameter NO_AUTO_PLANE_AXIS.
Figure 2:29. Plane Parallel to the X Axis.
Figure 2:30. Plane Parallel to the Y Axis.

Figure 2:31. Plane Parallel to the Z axis.
Figure 2:32. Pop-up menu for modification of plane defined by two points and principal axis.
By selecting Modify Point 1 or Modify Point 2 you can modify the corresponding definition
point. The button Select Axis lets you select another axis. The Select Type button lets you
change the type of the plane to any of the plane types described in this section. Finally, Ok
quits the Modify function and recreates the plane.
The calculation of the plane will fail if the line between the two points is parallel to the
chosen axis.
Plane Defined by Two Points and an Angle

Another option is to define a plane by two points and an angle in the plane defined by two of
the co-ordinate axes. The following form is used for input:

Figure 2:33. Form for creation of plane defined by two points and angle.
1st Axis, 2nd Axis and Angle fields: Definition of the angles of the plane. The angles and
the planes in which the angles are measured are defined as follows:
If the Axis field is set to X, the angle is in the XY-plane. Looking in negative direction
along the z-axis, an angle > 0 means turning counter clockwise and < 0 means
clockwise. An angle of 0 means in the positive direction of the x-axis.
If the Axis field is set to Y, the angle is in the YZ-plane. Looking in negative direction
along the x-axis, an angle > 0 means turning counter clockwise and < 0 means
clockwise. An angle of 0 means in the positive direction of the y-axis.
If the Axis field is set to Z, the angle is in the XZ-plane. Looking in negative direction
along the y-axis, an angle > 0 means turning counter clockwise and < 0 means
clockwise. An angle of 0 means in the positive direction of the z-axis.
Note: that the second angle will not have any effect on the plane or a curve created by
intersecting the plane with a surface. When modelling a shell profile by such a curve,
however, the inclination angles in the endpoints will automatically be set to the
angles given in the plane definition.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create the plane.

The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating a plane.
Figure 2:34. Pop-up menu for modification of plane defined by two points and angle.
By selecting Modify Point 1 or Modify Point 2 you can modify the corresponding definition
point. The push-button Modify Angle lets you change the angle in the plane definition. The

Select Type button lets you change the type of the plane to any of the plane types
described in this section. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and recreates the plane.
Rotated Plane
This function creates a plane by rotating a principal plane around one of the principal axis.
Any principal plane already selected will be used as a base object, which means that rotated
planes can be created from several base planes in a single operation. If there are no
principal planes selected, you will be asked to define or select one or more.
When the base planes have been defined, the following form is shown:
Figure 2:35. For for creation and modification of a rotated plane.
The field Rotational Axis/Angle Axis: This field is used to define the line (parallel to the
chosen principal axis) around which the base plane will be rotated, and thus also which
principal axis to use for measuring the angle.
The Coord field: Coordinate along the chosen rotational axis, used for defining the line
around which the plane will be rotated. Several coordinates may be specified at once with a
repetition term on the form <first coordinate>(<spacing>)<last coordinate>[+/-offset]. For
example, entering "LP3(2)7+500" (without quotes) in the Coord field will result in three new
planes. The rotational lines of these planes will be defined by the base plane and
Y=LP3+500, Y=LP5+500 and Y=LP7+500, respectively.
The Angle field: This field is used to define the angle between the angle axis and the
resulting plane. Several angles may be specified at once with a repetition term on the form
<first angle><spacing><last angle>. For example, entering "30(15)60" in the Angle field will
result in three new planes, with an angle of 30, 45 and 60 degrees to the selected angle
axis.
The rotational axis, the content of the Coord field, and the location of the base plane
together define the line around which the new plane will be rotated. For example, assume
that the base plane is located at X=FR50, the rotational axis is set to Y, and the coordinate
value is set to 5000. Then the base plane will be rotated around the line (X,Y) =
(FR50,5000). The angle will be measured against the X-axis in the X-Y plane ("XT"), where
an angle of 0 indicates a direction along the positive direction of the X-axis. An angle greater
than 0 will mean a rotation from the positive X-axis towards (or past) the positive direction of
the Y-axis.
Note: The angle is always measured relative to the chosen angle axis, not to the base
plane. This means that an angle of 0 degrees will result in a plane parallel to the
chosen angle axis, and not that the base plane and the rotated plane will coincide.

The Apply button: Create one or more planes with the given input, but keep the form open.
This is practical if several planes are to be created at irregular positions or angles. This
button is displayed only when creating new planes.
The Ok button: Accept the input and create new planes or modify an existing one according
to the input.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without creating or modifying any plane.
Reflected Plane
This function creates a plane by reflecting another one in the centre line of the ship. Any
planes already selected will be used as input to this function. If there are no planes selected,
No form is used when creating a plane of this type. However, when modifying an existing
plane, the following menu is displayed:
Figure 2:36. Pop-up menu for modification of a reflected plane.
When modifying an existing plane of this type, by selecting Modify Base Plane, you can
modify the base plane. The Select Type button lets you change the type of the plane to any
of the plane types described in this section. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and
recreates the plane, while Cancel aborts the function without any action.
2.3.3 The General Cylinder Function

A general cylinder is a special type of surface defined in the following way. Let C be a curve
in one of the co-ordinate planes XY, XZ or YZ. Furthermore, let L be a straight line
perpendicular to this coordinate plane. The surface generated when the line L is moving
along the curve C is called a general cylinder. The figure below shows a general cylinder
where the plane is XZ.

Figure 2:37. A general cylinder where the plane is XZ.
The curve C is said to be the directrix of the general cylinder and the line L is said to be the
generator. The generator L can be restricted to its length by specifying two co-ordinates on
the axis parallel to L defining the lower and upper boundaries of the generator. The directrix
curve C is a spline curve defined by a number of points. The spline curve can be controlled
by tangent angles in each end point.
The necessary parameters for defining a general cylinder are given in a form, except for the
directrix points which can be picked directly on the screen as well. Defining a general
cylinder is done in three steps:
1. Selecting the generator direction along the x, y or z axis
2. Defining the directrix, either by keying in the exact co-ordinates of the points, or by
pointing in an appropriate view
3. Setting general cylinder data.
The Directrix Form

This form is used for defining the directrix of the general cylinder. It looks as follows:

Figure 2:38. Form for creation of general cylinder directrix.
The Coord 1 field: The U co-ordinate of the next point defining the directrix.
The Coord 2 field: The V co-ordinate of the next point defining the directrix.
Depending on whether the generator axis has been set to x, y or z, the co-ordinates to give
for each point is y (Coord 1) and z (Coord 2), x (Coord 1) and z (Coord 2) or x (Coord 1)
and y (Coord 2), respectively.
The Indicate button: Define the points by picking directly in a view instead of keying in the
co-ordinates. This is only possible in views perpendicular to the defined generator, e.g. in a
view showing the plane YZ if the generator is parallel to the x-axis. By choosing Options
while in this mode, the user will get the Directrix Form back for defining further points by
keying in co-ordinates.
The Ok button: Confirm input and continue to the next form. This button can only be used
after the last point.
The Apply button: Confirm the given coordinates and go on with the next point.
The Cancel button: Exit the function.
The Remove Point button: This button lets you remove previously defined points making up
the directrix. Press this button to remove the cylinder point indicated directly after the
Modify function was invoked and Directrix was chosen in the pop-up menu for cylinder
modification. This button is only displayed when modifying an existing general cylinder.
The General Cylinder Data Form

The last form is used for defining various data for the general cylinder. The form has the
following contents:
Figure 2:39. Form for general cylinder data.

The Min Coord field: Lower coordinate along the generator limiting the general cylinder.
The initial value is derived from the default box limits.
The Max Coord field: Upper coordinate along the generator limiting the general cylinder.
The initial value is derived from the default box limits.
The 1st Angle field: Angle (in degrees) of the directrix at the first end point. The angle must
be in the interval [-360, 360] and must not have the values -270, -90, 90 or 270. This field is
optional; if no value is given the angle is calculated automatically.
The 2nd Angle field: Angle (in degrees) of the directrix at the last end point. The angle must
be in the interval [-360, 360] and must not have the values -270, -90, 90 or 270. This field is
optional; if no value is given the angle is calculated automatically.
The Ok button: Confirm the input and create a general cylinder.
The Cancel button: Exit the function.
The Modify General Cylinder Form

When selecting the Modify function to modify an existing general cylinder, a form is called
to let you choose what to modify. The pushbuttons of this form are described here.
The Select Generator Axis button: This button lets you modify the generator axis of the
general cylinder.
The Modify Directrix button: This button lets you modify the directrix of the general
cylinder. This includes removing points from the directrix.
The Modify Definition Data button: Here you can change the end point angles and the
limits along the generator axis.
The OK button: Upon pressing this button, the changes will take effect and the Modify
function quits.
2.3.4 The Shell Curve Function

There are five ways to define a curve. They are described below:
Curve By Plane
This type of curve is the result of an intersection between a surface and a plane. The plane
can be any of the four plane types described in The Plane Function.
When modifying an existing curve of this type, the following form is used

Figure 2:40. Pop-up menu for modification of plane curve.
By Select Surface you can change the surface the curve is based upon. The button Modify
Plane equivalently lets you modify the plane used to create the curve. The Select Type
button is used to change the type of the curve to any of the curve types described in this
section. By use of the button Modify Box, the extension of the curve may be changed.
Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and recreates the curve.
Curve By General Cylinder

This type of curve is the result of an intersection between a surface and a general cylinder.
The cylinder is defined by the function described in The General Cylinder Function above.
When modifying an existing curve of this type, the following form is used:
Figure 2:41. Pop-up menu for modification of general cylinder curve.
By Select Surface you can change the surface the curve is based upon. The button Modify
Cylinder equivalently lets you modify the general cylinder used to create the curve. The
button Select Type may be used to change the type of the curve to any of the curve types
described in this section. By use of the button Modify Box, the extension of the curve may
be changed. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and recreates the curve.

Parallel Curve
This function creates a curve that is parallel to another curve in the surface, including shell
profile trace curves. The necessary parameters are defined in a form. The method is
iterative and uses a spline function to create the directrix of a cylinder by which the surface
is intersected.
The form has the following contents:
Figure 2:42. Form for creation and modification of parallel curve.
The Distance field: The distance between the existing curve and the new curve measured
in the surface along the curves defined by the field Method below.
The Distance End 2 field: A second distance making unequal displacement possible. The
two distances are measured at the two points where the original curve intersects the limiting
box, or at the end point if it is inside the box. If not given, the displacement is equal along the
curve and given by Distance above.
The Direction field: If Distance End 2 is used, this field defines the direction used to define
end 1 and end 2 of the original curve. This field tells how to interpret "end 1" and "end 2".
For example, FOR means that the curve should be thought of as running towards the
foremost end of the ship, meaning "end 1" is the aftmost end of the curve and "end 2" is the
foremost end.
Note: that the setting of the Direction field does not have to coincide with the direction of
the curve geometry as stored in the object. The alternatives irrelevant for a specific
curve are automatically excluded from this field.
The Method field: X, Y or Z means that the displacement is made along curves created by
intersecting the surface with principal planes perpendicular to the given coordinate axis.
Perp means that the curves are created by the intersection of the surface and planes that
perpendicular to the original curve in a certain point. Using Perp will produce a developed
plate that has a constant distance between the two edges made from the two parallel
seams. Used in two directions, this can create a rectangular (or close to rectangular)
developed plate.
The Side field: In which direction to move the curve. Only an approximate direction is
needed as the displacement is done in the surface. Irrelevant alternatives are automatically
excluded from the field list.

The Excess End 1 and Excess End 2 fields: These fields may be used to temporarily
extend the curve at both ends before the parallel move is done. For example, consider a
curve in the planar side of the ship, generated in such a way that the curve is sloping so that
the aftmost end is lower than the for end. If this curve were to be moved upwards with the
Method field set to Perp, the parallel curve would not only move upwards, but also towards
the aft end of the ship. The addition of excesses means that it will be possible to create the
parallel curve in its full length despite of this fact. Please note that the original curve will not
be affected by the use of excess.
The Approximate Plane toggle: When set, an approximately parallel displacement is done,
with the restriction that the resulting curve is planar. In this case only three points are
displaced, and then a plane is created using these points. The points are the end points and
the midpoint of the original curve intersected with the limiting box.
The Tolerance field: The tolerance used in measuring the accuracy of the displaced curve
created as a spline. This value has to correspond to the accuracy of the surface. The default
tolerance is 3 mm.
The Iterations field: Maximum number of iterations used to reach a displaced curve with the
accuracy given by Tolerance above. By default the number of iterations are set to 20.
The Ok button confirms the input and creates the curve while the Cancel button exits the
function.
The button Modify Curve: This button lets you change the definition of the curve that this
curve is based upon. This button is only displayed when modifying an existing curve.
The button Modify Box: This button lets you change the extension of the curve. This button
is only displayed when modifying an existing curve.
The button Select Type: Change the type of the curve to any of the curve types described in
this section.
Combined Curve
Combines two curves selected by the user. Once the curves are selected you will be asked
to pick the start and end points. Point and click at the curve ends that will make up the start
and end of the combined curve.
When you choose to modify a combined curve, the following form will be displayed:
Figure 2:43. Pop-up menu for modification of combined curve.

Select Curves: Modify the definition of one of the curves the combined curve was made up
of. You are asked to indicate which one of the curves to modify.
Modify Box: Change the box of the curve.
Select Start and End Points: Change which parts of the curves should be used.
Select Type: Change the type of the curve to any of the curve types described in this
section.
Ok: Click this button when you are finished modifying the curve. The curve will be re-
calculated.
Figure 2:44. Two seams combined to one.
Curve from Surface

This function may be used to create a shell curve from a curve stored in a surface. The latter
curve might for example have been created at an earlier design stage in AVEVA Marine
Lines. Once the curve name has been entered as defined in the surface, the shell curve will
be created. For AVEVA Initial Design surfaces, the program will list all curves available in
the surface file, making it easy to pick the right one.
Reflected Curve
This function creates a curve by reflecting another one in the centre line of the ship. Any
curves already selected will be used as input to this function. If there are no curves selected,
No form is used when creating a curve of this type. However, when modifying an existing
curve, the following menu is displayed:

Figure 2:45. Pop-up menu for modification of a reflected curve.
When modifying an existing curve of this type, by selecting Modify Base Curve, you can
modify the base curve. The Select Type button lets you change the type of the curve to any
of the curve types described in this section. Finally, Ok quits the Modify function and
recreates the curve, while Cancel aborts the function without any action.
2.4 The Default Submenu

This menu contains functions setting values valid during the entire Curved Hull session, or
until changed by the user.
2.4.1 Surface
This function lets the user select a new default surface. This surface is used in e.g. the
model functions where a curve is created by intersecting the surface by a plane.
2.4.2 Box
This function defines a default box. This box is used when the surface is intersected to avoid
cutting in the parts of the surface that are outside the box. Also the resulting curves are
trimmed by the box.
The following form is used for input:
Figure 2:46. Form for default box definition.

The Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, Ymax, Zmin and Zmax fields: The co-ordinates of the default box
are entered in these fields. If a field is left blank the box will be unlimited in the
corresponding direction.
The From View button: Press this button to fetch box extensions from an existing view.
Note that only 2-dimensional views, such as shell expansion or other symbolic views can be
picked. After a view has been selected, the form will reappear for confirmation of the box
settings.
The From Object button: This button works in a similar manner as the previous one, but is
used to fetch a box from an object created in Curved Hull. Valid object types are seams,
other curves, shell profiles, shell stiffeners and stored planes.
The Show button: This button is used to graphically display the box as entered in the form.
The Ok button: Accept the input and change the extension of the default box.
The Cancel button: Exit the function without changing the default box.
2.5 The View Submenu

A number of views can be created in Interactive Curved Hull Modelling besides the ones
created by the general Insert/Model function.
Body plan views
Shell expansion views
Developed plate views
Profile views
Curved panel views
All these views are full model views meaning that they are connected to the model like the
general views.
The menu also contains functions for recreating and selecting active views.
2.5.1 Shell Expansion View

The view is created with plate thickness, quality and position number annotated on each
plate. Furthermore, each plate is drawn with a hatch pattern chosen to display the plate
thickness that is used.
The user can control the visibility of this information in two ways:
By using the function Symbolic View>Curved Hull View>Properties and picking a shell
expansion view. The user will get the possibility to display or hide the plate information.
Furthermore, if plate hatching is chosen to be shown, an accompanying legend can also be
created that shows each used hatch pattern and the thickness it represents.
The shell expansion view is initially presented with shown information controlled by default
parameters.

View Name: The name of the view to be created.

Side: The side of the ship to be displayed in the view
PS: Portside of the ship only.
SB: Starboard side of the ship only.
Over CL: Both the portside and the starboard side of the ship.
Surface: The name of the surface of the ship.
Developed from: Defines the position from where to start the development. Can
be defined by a Y or Z coordinate. Default means the ship CL.
Limits:

Stern: Defines the aft limit of the view. Can be defined as

an existing seam, or an X coordinate. Default
means the extreme aft end of the ship.
Stem: Defines the aft limit of the view. Can be defined as
an existing seam, or an X coordinate. Default
means the extreme aft end of the ship.
Upper: Defines the upper limit of the view. Can be defined
as an existing seam, or a Y coordinate or a Z
coordinate. Default means the uppermost part of
the ship.
Lower: Defines the aft limit of the view. Can be defined as
an existing seam, or a Y or Z coordinate. Default
means the ship CL.
Panels: Enter the names of specific objects to be included (Auto
Blocks: Selection-OFF)/excluded (Auto Selection-ON) in the view.
Seams/Butts:
Longitudinals:
Transversals:
Curves: Enter the names of specific curves to be included in the view.
The box opposite the curve name defines the line type used to
display the curve.
After completing the form use the OK button. The system will then prompt for indication in
the drawing to position the Shell Expansion View.
2.5.2 Bodyplan View

A body plan view is best described as a number of frame sections put on top of each other.
The view can be limited in its extension in all directions, and the objects to be included in the
view can be controlled by form input.

View Name: The name of the view to be created.

Surface: Surfaces to include in view creation.
Looking From what direction the view is seen. Default means that the
viewing direction is retrieved from the VIEWX keyword in the
default file. Other alternatives are FOR and AFT.

Limits: Defines the limiting box for the view.

X-AFT: Defines the aft and fwd limit of the view.
X-FWD:
Ymin: Defines the limit of the view in y-axis direction,
Ymax: transverse direction of the ship.
Zmin: Defines the limits of the view in z-axis direction,
Zmax: vertical direction.
Long section image: Select here how cross-sections of profiles should be drawn. Full
means that full cross-sections are drawn, Mould that only the
mould side and the top edge of the flange will be drawn, while
Tick will only display small marks where the profile trace
intersects the frames.
Long section frame: This field can be used to display the cross-section of the profiles
at a single frame only. The frame number is given in this field. If a
frame number is entered here, only the trace of the profile will be
drawn at the other frames.
Draw every_frame: Interval (number of frames) between sections to be drawn in the
body plan view, for example draw profile sections on every fifth
frame.
Seam/Butt colour: Colours of the different object types in the view.
Longitudinal colour:
Frame colour:
Grid spacing: If a grid should be drawn in the view, this field is used to control
the grid spacing. It may be given in millimeters or imperial units.
Panels: Enter the names of specific objects to be included (Auto
Seams/Butts: Selection-OFF)/excluded (Auto Selection-ON) in the view.
Long trace:
Long section:
Curves: Enter the names of specific curves to be included in the view.
The box opposite the curve name defines the line type used to
display the curve.
After completing the form use the OK button. The system will then prompt for indication in
the drawing to position the Bodyplan View.
2.5.3 Developed Plate View

This function is used to create a view of one or several developed shell plates (that may be
planar). If the select list contains any plates, these will be displayed. Otherwise, the user is
prompted to indicate seams in a view, forming the outer contour of the plate. Cancel (the
global one, not the one in the form below) may be used to toggle between defining a new
plate by seams or picking an already existing plate. When Operation Complete is given the
system will develop with options the indicated plate or a general one from the indicated
seams. Before the development is done, a form is displayed to give additional data to refine
the plate definition. This form need not be filled in, if the purpose is to make a preliminary
check of the plate size, but for a plate to be stored for production purposes it is essential. If
an existing plate has been selected for the development, the form will not be displayed at all.

The form has the following contents:
General
Name
Plate Name: Name of the shell plate.
Add Position No: Whether a position no should be added to the plate name.
Add Symmetry Suffix: Whether a symmetry suffix should be added to the plate
name.
Auto Name: Check box will only be active if multiple plates have been defined. If
this box is checked the system will allocate the number in the position number field
(SB field if symmetry is SB, else PS field) to the first plate and then sequentially
apply a new number to the other plates.
Posno
PS: Position no for port side
SB: Position no for starboard side
Material
Symmetry: Plate Symmetry
Thickness Pos.: Plate thickness on positive side of the moulded line of the surface
(= the side of the plate where the seams are defined in a clockwise direction).
Thickness Neg.: Plate thickness on negative side of the moulded line of the surface

Quality: Material Quality

Laminate Inside: Laminate Code for inside (= positive side)
Laminate Outside: Laminate Code for outside (= negative side)
General
Parts List: Identification string defined by the user, optional
Surface Treatment: Identification string defined by the user, optional
Destination: Identification string defined by the user, optional
Raw Plate: Raw Plate Name, optional
GPS 1-4: General Purpose Strings, optional
Development
General
Workshop Method: Workshop Method.
Strip Control: Strip Control.
Strip Direction: Strip Direction.
No of Strips: No of Strips
Spline Tolerance: Spline Tolerance
Neutral Plane Loc. Factor: Location of neutral plane; fraction of plate thickness

Raw Plate Margin: Raw Plate Margin

Roll Axes: Whether roll axes should be calculated
Shrinkage
Longitudinal: Longitudinal Shrinkage
Partition (next to "Longitudinal"): Longitudinal Partition
Transversal: Transversal Shrinkage
Partition (next to "Transversal"): Transversal Partition
Limits
Seam
Name: Name of active seam
<List Box>: List of seams; click a seam name to activate it
Add: Add a seam by indicating graphically
Remove: Remove active seam from list
Clear: Remove all seams from list
Move Up: Move active seam up in the list
Move Down: Move active seam down in the list
Group with next at development: Whether the active seam and the next one in the
list belongs to the same group (to handle plates with more than four sides as four-
sided)

Excess
Type: Type of excess
<The fields to the right>: Excess values
Compensation
Compensation value
The Compensation fields: Compensation for each of the plate edges.
Compensation will extend the plate by a linearly increasing or decreasing value
depending on the sign of the value. A positive value causes the extension to increase
from zero at the start of the edge, to the given value at the end of the edge in the
circulation direction of the plate. A negative value causes the extension to decrease
from the given value at the start of the edge to zero at the end of the edge.
Examples
The figures below show the effect on a top edge with the start point to the right.
Figure 2:47. Plate with positive compensation.
Figure 2:48. Plate with negative compensation.
Bevel
Code: "Code" Part of bevel code

Variant: Variant part of bevel code

E-Measure: E-Measure part of bevel code
Use bevel defined in seam: Whether the bevel code for the active seam should be
used.
Custom: A custom bevel code can be specified
Angle to Plate: Angle between this plate and a neighbouring plate that share the
active seam. The angle is used to adjust the bevelling if needed.
Plate Name: Type the name of the neighbouring plate, or click "" to indicate it
graphically; "Angle to Plate" will be calculated when the plate is created.
Bevel Code: Resulting bevel code
Note: that the Drafting default value HATCH_SCL_MODE should be set to 0 (zero) to make
a sensible hatching.
2.5.4 Shell Stiffener View

By this function a view of a "developed" shell stiffener is created as a straight bar before
bending. Besides the side view of the stiffener itself, the length and the cross-section
dimensions are displayed. Also the inverse bending curves are presented.
The function requires that the production part exists in the manufacturing database. For
more information, see To Manufacturing DB.
2.5.5 Curved Panel View

The curved panel view is created by projecting a curved panel on to a suitable plane. If jigs
have been calculated for the panel then the workshop floor is used, otherwise a suitable
plane will be created automatically. Besides displaying the model objects, this view can also
display jig rows and columns as well as heights of jig pillars. For this information to be
available stage two of the jig pillar system must have been completed for the panel.
If a curved panel is active it will be used; otherwise the user is asked to indicate a curved
panel. This will bring up a dialog enabling the user to specify the type of information wanted
in the view.

Figure 2:49. Dialog for creation of curved panel view
The check boxes of the form has the following use:
Show Internal Seams

The internal seams of the panel will be drawn (the boundaries of the panel are always
drawn).
Show Seam Names
The names or numbers of the seams will be displayed along the seams.
Show Plates
The position number of each plate will be displayed inside a rectangle.
Show Material
The plate box will contain also the plate thickness and the material quality.
Show Stiffeners
The trace of each shell stiffener belonging to the panel will be displayed.
Show Profile Names
The name or number of each longitudinal or transversal number will be displayed. If
free naming of shell profiles (see The Naming of Longitudinals, Transversals, Shell
Stiffeners and Shell Profile Trace Curves in Chapter Interactive Curved Hull
Modelling, Introduction) is activated, the full profile name will be displayed. Otherwise,
an L or T followed by the surface prefix and profile number will be displayed.

Show Shell Stiffener Names

The shell stiffener names will be displayed.
Show Part Names
The customer-controlled stiffener part names will be displayed.
Show End cuts
The stiffener endcuts will be marked in the view.
Show Plane Panels
The planar panel limits connecting to the curved panel surface will be displayed.
Show Panel Names
The plane panel names will be displayed.
Show Curves
Intersecting frame curves, clipped at the outer boundary of the panel, will be
displayed.
Show Curve Names
The frame curve names will be displayed.
Show Jig Rows/Columns
The jig rows and columns will be drawn as straight lines in the view.
Show Jig Heights
The height of jig pillars will be displayed in the view at the respective pillar position.
Show Direction Marks
Two guiding texts (e.g. "FOR" and "SIDE") indicating panel orientation in the global
coordinate system will be displayed.
Show Hole Cross-Marks
A hole crossmark will be displayed at each hole in the panel.
Click the Clear button to reset all check boxes to their default states.
Click OK to create the view or Cancel to exit the function.

Figure 2:50. Example of a curved panel view.
2.5.6 Recreate View

This function will update the view from the model to reflect changes in the model. In case
the view is based on temporary model objects also these objects are remade before
remaking the view.
This function works for all the views described in this chapter as well as the symbolic view
created via the Insert/Model Drafting function.
2.5.7 Select View

This function is used to select which views will be "active", i.e. updated during modelling. A
single view or multiple views can be selected. The selection is done by picking the views in
the picture or using the All button. The function can be toggled between include and
exclude mode with either of the Cancel and Options buttons. In include mode, the picked
views will be active, while views picked in exclude mode will be inactive. Active views are
marked with a rectangle while inactive views are marked with an X. The function is exited
with OC, after which the selection is valid until changed or until the drawing is scratched.
When a new drawing containing model views is opened, all views are active by default.
2.5.8 Modify View

Use this function to change the definition of a model view. Currently, only curved panel
views may be modified.

2.6 The Select Submenu

This menu contains functions that will update the select list.
2.6.1 In Drawing
This function adds objects to the select list. When the function is invoked, you are asked to
pick the objects to work with. You may select as many objects as you like, and may then
finish the selection process by Operation Complete. While picking objects, invoking
Options will bring you to "the advanced selection mode". This lets you limit the selection to
certain kinds of objects, as indicated in the form. You must use the advanced selection
mode to select shell stiffeners; by default, shell profiles will be selected instead. The
program "remembers" the advanced settings, so they are still valid the next time you use the
Select/In Drawing function.
2.6.2 Advanced Selection

As opposed to the selection of objects by picking in the current drawing, this mode of
selecting objects is suitable for making selections that are more complex. Objects can be
selected by name (or any part of it) or type, and the selection can be limited to a specified
part of the ship. All these selection criteria may be combined, picking only objects matching
all the criteria. With a number of matching objects, the selection may be narrowed, either by
specifying further criteria or by excluding objects matching some other criteria.
As an example, the selection may be done in the following steps:
1. Select all objects between frames 40 and 60, with no limits in other directions.
2. Narrow the selection by specifying that the selected objects must be shell profiles.
3. Exclude all selected objects with a name starting with "EST23".
The sequence above may end up with the transversals EST10, EST20 and EST30. If the
transversals EST23 and EST231 exist in the specified area, they are still selected after the
first two steps, but the last step will remove them from the selection.
Please note that in principle, the advanced selection mode only handles object types
supported by Interactive Curved Hull Modelling and the curved parts of Structural Design,
with the exception of plane panels which also can be selected. Shell profile features,
although not being actual objects, can also be selected. Geometry objects, such as points
and general cylinders, cease to exist when they are not selected, so there is no need for
support of selecting such objects.
The form used for advanced selections is described below.

Figure 2:51. Form for advanced object selections.
The Name field: Name of objects to select. The name may include wild cards, i.e. "*" for any
number of characters and "?" or "%" for exactly one character. If this field is empty, no
restrictions will be placed on the object name.
The Type field: Type of objects to select. Setting this field to All will match any type of
objects.
The Surface field: This field may be used to limit the selection to objects located in a
particular surface. Default will limit the selection to the current default surface. Setting this
field to All will find objects in any surface.
Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, Ymax, Zmin and Zmax: These fields are used to limit the selection
with a box. Any objects at least partially inside the box will be considered as matching. If any
of the box fields are left empty, the box will be considered as unlimited in the corresponding
directions.
The selection mode can be controlled by the Action list field. When no objects are selected,
this will be set to Add, which will make matching objects being added to the selection. With
more objects selected, the field value may in addition be set to Remove or Restrict, to
exclude objects or narrow the selection with further criteria, respectively.
If Select All Objects is checked, all shell profiles, curved panels, shell plates, seams, hull
curves and storable planes are selected. This function is most useful if the surface shape
has changed since the objects were created, and the objects in the shell must be recreated
by use of the Recreate function. Since shell stiffeners are automatically recreated before
the corresponding shell profiles, there is no need to include stiffeners in the selection in
such a situation. The same is true for shell profile features.
The difference compared to a selection via Type/All is that the box is disregarded and that
only certain object types are selected.
The number to the right of the text Selected Objects will show the number of matching
objects. This number includes any objects already selected before the advanced selection
function was started.

The Ok button: Pushing this button will close the form and actually update the current
selection according to the given selection criteria.
The Apply button: This button updates the object count in the form without closing the form,
letting the user further refine the selection.
The Pick button: Toggle to picking objects in the drawing. The objects picked will be filtered
with the contents of the Type and box fields described above. This means that objects
picked will only be added to the selection if they match the criteria in these fields.
Note: that any string typed in the Name field will be ignored in this case. Use Options to
return to the advanced selection mode.
The List button displays a list of all objects matching the selection criteria. Objects that were
already selected when the Select function was invoked are not listed.
The Cancel button will quit the selection without actually selecting any new objects.
The Undo button will take back the last change of the selection criteria, i.e. return to the
state before the Apply button was last pressed.
2.6.3 Apply
This function finally commits changes to the selected model objects for later storing in the
database.
For selected shell profiles, any changes to their respective shell stiffeners and trace curves
are also applied.
Important: Changes to individual shell stiffeners or trace curves cannot be applied

separately; it is only possible to update the shell profile in its entirety. Trying to
apply changes to a single shell stiffener will result in applying all changes in the
profile.
2.6.4 Apply and Deactivate

As a shortcut, this function can be used to apply all changes to the selected model objects,
and then immediately deactivate them.
Note: The temporary objects currently selected will be deactivated as well.
2.6.5 Deactivate
The function Deactivate removes one or several objects from the select list. If any model
objects to be deactivated have been changed compared to the latest applied version, you
will have a question for each object whether it is all right to deactivate it. Three situations
may arise:
You press the Yes button. The object will be removed from the work area. The picture
will be restored to show the previously applied version of the object. If the object has
never been applied, it will be removed from the picture.
You press the All button (in the lower part of the application window). In this case, the
remaining objects will be removed without any further questions for the ones not
applied.

You press the No or Cancel button. The object will remain unchanged in both the work
area and the picture.
Geometry objects (points, general cylinders etc.) cannot be applied for storing, and you will
never be asked whether to remove these.
Options may be used as with the Select/In drawing (see In Drawing in The Select
Submenu) function to select only some preferred types of objects.
2.6.6 Deactivate All

The Deactivate All function works similarly to the Deactivate function, but will automatically
remove all the selected objects from the select list. Object changes not yet applied are
treated the same way as in the Deactivate function.
2.6.7 List
The List function shows a list of all currently selected objects. Use the Alphabetical Sort
check box to toggle between selection order and alphabetical order.
2.6.8 Show Object Definition

This function provides an easy way to examine the current definition of any object created in
Curved Hull. If there are any already selected objects, the definition of these will be shown,
one at a time. If no objects are selected when the function is invoked, the user will be
prompted to pick an object from the drawing, and the definition of that object will be
displayed. The user is then prompted for a new object until the function is quit by any of
Operation Complete, Cancel or Quit. The Options button may be pressed instead of
picking an object. This action will bring up the dialog box for advanced selections, which is
described elsewhere in this document.
2.7 The Batch Submenu
2.7.1 Generate In Batch

Curved hull objects can be generated in batch from XML files. This function will start the
batch job. When you select this function the system will show you a file selection dialog.
where you may select the XML files you want to run:

When you have selected your files and pressed Open a new batch job will be started
which you can see in the Log Viewer.
2.7.2 Output XML

This function will generate an XML description file for a number of selected curved hull
model objects. The XML file will contains description of the objects in the curved hull XML-
based input language. (For details about this input language, please see XML Based Input
Language.)
When you activate this function, it will first check for selected objects on the select stack. If
there are no selected objects, you will be asked to select some in the drawing. After this, a
file selection dialog will appear, where you may choose the name and location of the output
file.
The function supports most curved hull objects: points, planes, hull curves, seams, shell
profiles, shell stiffeners, shell plates and curved panels. Temporary objects will be ignored.

Interactive Functions, Hull Tools Menu
3 Interactive Functions, Hull Tools Menu
3.1 General
Functions that are common to Curved Hull Modelling, Planar Hull Modelling and Structural
Design are located in the Hull Tools menu. The functions in this menu are described in the
following pages.
3.2 The Curve Submenu

This group contains two functions that are used to update the data banks with curves.
3.2.1 Create Curve

This function is used to cut the hull surface with one or several planes to obtain one or
several curves. The curves are then stored under the given name on the hull form data bank
associated with the logical name SB_CGDB. Multiple planes can be defined only in principle
planes.
Optionally, the frame, waterline or buttock tables are updated.
Input
The input is given via the Form System. The form is divided into a common upper part and a
lower part where the contents is depending on how the plane is defined.
The Common Part

The common part of the form has the following appearance:

Description of the Fields:
Surface name: The name of the hull surface object to derive the curves from
Curve name: The name of the curve(s) to be created. If only one curve is
defined an arbitrary name can be given. If, however, multiple
curves are to be created the name has to be on the form:
<prefix><start>([<step>])<end>
where <prefix> is a string starting with a letter while <start>,

<step> and <end> are numerical values. Decimal numbers
can be used. If <step> is left out, step one is assumed.
Example of valid values are:
SBX34()46
CUR10(0.2)10.8
Limits: Curve limitations. Default is Ymin = 0 and no limits on the

other values.
Plane: Alternatives for the plane definition.
Exit PF4 Exit function.
Reject PF2 Reject.
Continue PR3 Continue to the plane definition part.
Defining the Plane at a Principal Axis

If X, Y or Z are chosen to define the plane, the following lower part will appear:


Description of the Fields:
Coordinate value: A value to define the plane. The value have to be on the form:
[<prefix>]<start>[([<step>])<end>] [+-<offset>]
where <prefix> is valid if frame or longitudinal terms are used.

<start>, <step>, <end> and <offset> are numerical values.
Decimal numbers are allowed. Note that the number of values
derived from an expression like this has to equal the number
of names derived from the curve name field.
Example of valid values are:
2700
360(720)3960
FR25()28
LP1.5(0.5)3.0
FR52(2)60+375
Update table: Optionally, the frame, waterline and buttock tables can be
updated. However, this requires that the curve name(s)
consists of the frame, waterline or buttock group name,
depending on the axis chosen, and an integer number.
Furthermore, the default limits have to be used.
Create PF3 Activating the curve creation.
Defining the Plane by Three Points

Description of the fields:
X1 - Z1: First point
X2 - Z2: Second point
X3 - Z3: Third point
Defining the Plane by a Panel
Description of the fields:
Panel name: The name of the plane panel to define the curve plane.
Reflected: If the panel is symmetrical, the reflected image can be used to

define the plane.
3.2.2 Store Curve

This function stores curve in the current drawing as a CAT object in a selected data bank.
The curve will be stored in the coordinate system of the current view in case this is a
symbolic view.
The name of the curve must be specified by the user and the view will be updated with the
given name as well.
This function is intended to be used in situations as described below.
1. To create non-stand notches and holes e.g. around the origin of the drawing.
2. To store long and complicated curves created in drawing mode that are used e.g. as
boundaries in many panels.

3. To store intersection curves with the hull in views (e.g. from create Detail View) that one
wants to use as boundaries of panels.
3.3 Functional Description

The concept of Functional Description is described in the on-line documentation Hull / Setup
and Customisation / General / Functional Description.
This function supports the interactive assignment of functional descriptions to curved Hull o
bjects. A functional description assigned on panel level will be valid for all its parts. However,
it may be supplemented with assignments on part level as well.
After display of the selected object this function will present a list of available functional
descriptions for interactive picking.
3.4 Default Parameters

This function can list, change, store and reset the default parameters valid for Curved Hull
Modelling. The parameters are all described in a separate chapter within this section.
When listing the default parameters, all available parameters will be listed together with their
current value(s). Some of the default parameters are of "true/false" type; they have no
assigned value in the default file. If they are not given, the dummy value "<NOT SET>" will
appear in the listing, and if they are given, the value is blank.
When storing the default parameters, only those parameters that differ from the standard
default values will be written to the default file.
Resetting the default file will first set all parameters to standard values, and then read the
default file.
3.5 Production Program Interface Hull

This function is used for production and reporting within Hull. It is described in detail in Hull,
Manufacturing, Hull Production Program Interface.
3.6 Dimensioning
This function calculates distances along curves between other curves and add
measurements to the current view. The object types that are accepted by this function are:
Hull curves
Seams and butts
Shell stiffeners
Curves along Jig rows and columns
Frame curves
Planar panel limits
Hole crossmarks
The user is asked to indicate the objects to measure from, to and along, then in which view
the dimensions should be added and if the trace curve should be drawn or not. If not then
only the start and end points are indicated, otherwise the part of the curve to measure along

is also drawn. The starting point is indicated by a small circle and the end by an arrow. The
symbol used for the arrow as well as text height and text placing is controlled by the defaults
set for dimensions.
The picture below shows dimensions added to a curved panel view. Distances have been
calculated from a boundary seam to two stiffeners, along an inner seam. Note that the text
size has been automatically scaled down to fit the available space of the first curve interval
dimension in the view. This type of behaviour can be specified in the dimension defaults.
All measurements must be measured from the same curve but they may be calculated
along several different curves to several intersecting curves. If an intersection between two
curves is missing then the corresponding calculation is skipped without notice.
3.7 Coordinates and Angles

You may use this function to examine the surface shape at any location. The function may
operate in one of two modes:
Search Angle
Function input is two principal planes. The first is cut with the selected surface to get a
curve, and the curve is then cut with the second plane. The tangent angle of the curve
(as measured towards one of the principal axes) at the intersection point is reported.
Search Coord
Function input is a principal plane and an angle towards a principal axis. The plane is
cut with the selected surface to get a curve, and all points on the curve where the
tangent angle equals the input are reported.

3.8 Recreate Limit Tables

This function recreates limit tables for seams, longitudinals and transversals by scanning
the database for stored objects.
Object Type: The object type for which the table should be updated (seams, longitudinals
or transversals).
Surface: The surface for which the table should be updated, or All for all surfaces.
Note: If the selected application is Structural Design, this function is located in the Project
menu.

Default Parameters of Curved Hull
4 Default Parameters of Curved Hull
4.1 General
The activities of the program of Curved Hull are controlled in a number of respects by the
contents of a default file. This appendix describes in detail what this default file may contain.
The name of the file should be sh700.sbd and it should be placed in the directory
associated with the environment variable SB_SHIP.
The Curved Hull default parameters can be interactively updated via an application specific
function described in Default Parameters in Chapter Interactive Functions, Hull Tools Menu.
Note: For the general functions common to all interactive applications a general default file
exists, with the global name SBD_DEF1, described in the Drafting Guide.
4.1.1 Organisation of the Default File

The default file is an ordinary text file and can be created and maintained with a standard
editor.
The file may contain a number of different parameters, in some cases with assigned values.
If a parameter is given in the file, this means that the system default action controlled by the
parameter or the system default value associated with the parameter is superseded by the
given user default. Inversely, if the parameter is not given in the default file, the system
default action or system default value is valid.
The following rules must be followed when parameters are specified in the file:
Values, assigned to parameters must be preceded by an equal sign ("=") or a colon.
Multiple values are separated by commas.
Parameters and their assigned values are separated from other parameters by
carriage return.
The order between parameters is irrelevant.
The parameters can not be abbreviated.
4.2 Parameters
Since the number of parameters is very large, the different parameters have been arranged
into groups.
4.2.1 General Purpose

LP_TERM_OUT = <value>
If longitudinal positions are defined, Y- and Z-coordinates can be described as LP-
terms in system generated output.

The keyword can be assigned the following values:

-1 No LP-terms are used.
0 LP-terms with a possible offset are used.
1 LP-terms are used only if the offset is zero.
2 As for 1 but also "half" LP-terms are used.
Default is 1
TRACEON
If given, test prints will be produced on the log created by the program. This parameter is
only intended to be used for system maintenance.
SHPROF_MARK_ABUTTING_PP
This parameter controls the behaviour of the marking on a profile part (i.e. the part in
the profile or plate databank) of an abutting profile. When
SHPROF_MARK_ABUTTING_PP is given, a penetrating profile is marked with the
true geometry of the part of the cutout that abuts to the profile.
4.2.2 Shell Expansion

SHX_PARTITION = <partition>
A shell expansion view is created by developing along frame curves. The pitch
between of the development curves can be controlled. It is controlled via the default
value (the exact positions of the development curves are selected from certain criteria
within the program). If not given, 5000 is used.
SHX_ENDCUT_SYMB
When given, end cut symbols will be drawn at the ends of longitudinals and
transversals.
SHX_BUTTS_OVER_CL
When given, the SB or PS part of butts over CL with the longest extension will be
drawn on an SB drawing. E.g. if a butt barely extends into SB the PS part will be used
when a view is produced for SB.
SHX_HOLE_SIZE = <maxsize>
When symbols for penetrations should be added to the view, only holes whose area is
smaller than <maxsize> are considered. Default is 50 000 mm.
SHX_HOLE_DIST = <maxdist>
Ditto, only holes whose distance from the shell is less than <maxdist> are
considered. Default is 200 mm.
SHX_LNO_DIST = <dist>
When given, the longitudinal number is output along repeated occurrences of the
name. longitudinal parts with a minimum distance of <dist> between the names.
SHX_DRAW_PLATES
Default setting for display of plate thickness,
= TEXT Plates are shown with plate thickness annotated,
= DRAW Plates are shown with hatch patterns representing the plate thickness,
= NOT SET Plates are shown with plate thickness information hidden (default).
SHX_SHOW_POSNO
Default setting for display of position number,
when given, plates are shown with position number annotated,

= NOT SET Plates are shown with position number hidden (default).
SHX_SHOW_MATQ
Setting for display of material quality,
when given, plates are shown with material quality annotated,
= NOT SET Plates are shown with material quality hidden (default).
4.2.3 Plate Development

PDV_NO_ROLLAXIS
When given, the calculation of the roll axes will be suppressed.
PDV_STRIP = <direction>
This parameter may be used for plates, where the normal development fails. Direction
x means for instance that x sections will be used for the strips. (Strips are sections
used in the development process.)
The possible directions are x, y or z.
If not set the system will choose the strip direction (auto).
PDV_METHOD=<value>
The method to use when forming the plate. Possible values are Expansion,
Contraction or No Deformation.
PDV_RAW_PLATE_MARGIN=<dist>
The least rectangle circumscribing the developed plate will be enlarged with this
margin
along edges
PDV_NUM_STRIPS= <count>
Number of strips used in the development process. In case the default parameter is
missing, the system will select the number of strips depending on the curvature of the
plate.
PDV_SPLINE_TOL= <dist>
Used by the spline function when creating the plate edges.
4.2.4 Symbolic Picture Derivation

Curved Hull Modelling may create symbolic planar views using the same procedure as in
Planar Hull Modelling. The contents of these views are created by a large number of default
parameters. For details about these, see the documentation of the Default File of Planar
Hull Modelling.
4.2.5 Drawing Development
Notes
BEV_REF_SYMB
Defining the symbol to be set the start of the reference line of a bevel note.
The values accepted by this keyword are:
ARROW a narrow arrow
NONE no reference symbol
(Default is ARROW)

BEV_SYMB_FONT
Defining the number of the symbol font containing symbols used in the bevel note.
(Default is 90)
BEV_SYMB_HEIGHT
Defining the height of the symbol space controlling the height of all symbols used in
the bevel note.
(Default is 10 mm)
NO_BEV_TEXT
All texts will be suppressed for the bevel note.
The keywords to define the reference symbol for the posno notes are:
POS_LIN_SYMB = <value>
Defining the symbol to be set at the start of the reference line, when the identified part
is represented in the view by a line, for example a stiffener or a bracket drawn as a
symbolic line.
POS_SUR_SYMB = <value>
Ditto when a surface is identified, for example a plate or a bracket drawn in a planar
view.
The values accepted by these two keywords are:
ARROW: A narrow arrow
BAR: A small line perpendicular to the reference line
DOT: A small circle
NONE: No reference symbol
The keywords to define the symbol surrounding the position number are:
POS_PRO_SYMB = <value>
This parameter defines the symbol for profiles.
POS_PLA_SYMB = <value>
Ditto for plates.
POS_BRA_SYMB = <value>
Ditto for brackets.
POS_CLI_SYMB = <value>
Ditto for clips.
The values accepted by these four keywords are:
CIRCLE
SQUARE
TRIANGLE
NONE
The keywords to define the additional information to be added after the position number are:
POS_PRO_TEXT = <value>
This parameter defines the information for profiles.
POS_PLA_TEXT = <value>
Ditto for plates.

POS_BRA_TEXT = <value>
Ditto for brackets.
POS_CLI_TEXT = <value>
Ditto for clips.
DIMENSION: Part dimensions
SYMBOL: Material symbol (effective only for profiles)
SYMB_O_DIM:Material symbol and dimensions (effective only for profiles)
NONE: No additional information.
The keywords to define the quality code to be added at the end of the posno note are:
POS_PRO_QUAL = <value>
Add quality code for profiles.
POS_PLA_QUAL = <value>
Ditto for plates.
POS_BRA_QUAL = <value>
Ditto for brackets.
POS_CLI_QUAL = <value>
Ditto for clips.
YES
The quality code will be added at the end of the note, preceded by a space, if
the dimension string is presented, without the space otherwise.
NONE
Quality code will not be presented.
The system default setting for position number notes corresponds to the following set of
keywords and values in a default file:
POS_LIN_SYMB = ARROW
POS_SUR_SYMB = DOT
POS_PRO_SYMB = TRIANGLE
POS_PLA_SYMB = CIRCLE
POS_BRA_SYMB = CIRCLE
POS_CLI_SYMB = CIRCLE
POS_PRO_TEXT = SYMB_O_DIM
POS_PLA_TEXT = DIMENSION
POS_BRA_TEXT = DIMENSION
POS_CLI_TEXT = DIMENSION
POS_PRO_QUAL = NONE
POS_PLA_QUAL = NONE
POS_BRA_QUAL = NONE

POS_CLI_QUAL = NONE
4.2.6 Modelling
DEF_YMIN_NO_LIMIT
If given, the minimum value of the default box along the y-axis will be unlimited. Otherwise,
the box will stop at the centreline.
NO_AUTO_PLANE_AXIS
If given, the automatic axis selection will be suppressed when creating a plane by 2 points
and an axis.

Users Guide Batch
Users Guide Batch

Users Guide Batch

XML Based Input Language
1 XML Based Input Language
Hull Curved Modelling is normally operated via interactive functions where the model is
created in direct interaction between the designer and views of the model on the screen.
However, this module has also an option to generate objects in batch and maybe more
important, it is possible to have a textual description of the curved model objects via an input
language.
When the new input language was designed, the most important objectives were:
to have one input language that supports all curved model objects
to be compatible with the interactive curved hull modelling
to have a modern and open format - XML
The input language in XML format is further described in Hull Model Concept. This
documentation also includes an explanation of the basic concepts of XML.

XML Based Input Language

Plate Development Method


Shell Plate Development, Method
1 Shell Plate Development, Method
Plate parts are manufactured by cutting from planar raw plates. This is also true for plates
that are non-planar when finally assembled, e.g. many of the plates in the shell of a ship.
This causes a problem and calls for a tool that can transform the non-planar three-
dimensional plate into a planar geometry with such characteristics that it fits into the limiting
curves in space after forming.
AVEVA Marine has a powerful function, called Shell Plate Development, that meets this
requirement. The principles and concepts of this function are described in the current
document.
1.1 Workshop Methods

There are different methods to give shell plates their final shape. The most commonly used
method in traditional shipbuilding is to form the plate by contraction, i.e. to force the plate to
shrink by heating and cooling at suitable locations on the plate.
Alternative methods instead suppose that the plate should be formed by expansion,
normally by applying global or local pressure in suitable locations on the plate.
There may be several steps in the forming process depending on the method used, e.g.
initial rolling
heating/cooling
applying local rolling or pressure
checking the form with the aid of template and final adjustment
The AVEVA Marine Plate Development can be adapted to the different methods. As a
result it supplies information, not only the geometry, but also other types of information
needed by the workshop, e.g. size of required raw plate, required contraction/expansion and
its distribution over the plate, main directions of curvature etc.
1.2 Definitions, Restrictions and Development Method
1.2.1 Edges/Limits
The shell plate must meet certain restrictions and conditions in order for the plate to be
possible to develop. Examples are:
The number of seams/limits must be in the range 3 to12
In the internal development process the plate is always treated as if it has four edges
(with an exceptional case when one of the shorter edges has collapsed, e.g. for a
triangular plate)

If there are more than four edges some consecutive edges must be linked together to
form one of the edges of the internal process.
Suppose that the plate is surrounded by its least circumscribed rectangle as shown in the
figure below.
Then the limit parallel to the shorter side to the left is called edge 1, the one to the right 3,
the lower longer edge 4 and the upper longer edge 2. Any of edge 1 and edge 3 (but not
both!) may collapse to a point (for a triangular plate).
Remarks:
Normally, but not necessarily, edges 1 and 3 are the shorter ones. A more general definition
is that edges 1 and 3 are edges between which the baseline is generated (cf. below).
The edge numbers of the internal four-edged plate need not be the same as the order
numbers of the seams pick to define the plate.
Any required linking of given limits to the internal ones is performed automatically by the
development function. The figure below shows how two given seams will be combined to
form an internal edge. Even if this is done automatically the user may take over control of
this linking in special cases via the input form.
1.2.2 Baseline
Between edges 1 and 3 the development process generates a planar space curve. This is
called the baseline. Normally it is drawn between the midpoints of the shorter edges but in
certain cases that may change in order for it to be located entirely between the longer edges
(i.e. the end point of the baseline is moved to a more suitable position on the edge). The
plane of the baseline curve is as perpendicular as possible to the plate and the baseline
should ideally be in the middle of the plate. The user cannot affect the position of the
baseline once the limits and the strip direction have been defined.

There is a mutual dependency between the baseline and the strip curves and their
orientation (cf. below). Both are normally decided upon automatically but the strip direction
can be controlled by the user via the input form.
In the automatic case the baseline is the result of the evaluation of what is to become
internal edges 1 and 3. The orientation of the strip planes will then be defined in an optimal
way with respect to the baseline curve. This is the normal case.
When the user controls the strip direction (or actually the principal plane in or close to which
the curve should be located) then the baseline direction (and hence what will become
internal edges 1 and 3) must be selected so that the baseline curve may be intersected by
the strip planes, i.e. it need be oriented at a relatively large angle relative to the strip plane.
This is done automatically once the strip direction has been defined.
In the sketch of the developed plate the baseline is indicated by a (violet) dashed-dotted line
in the middle of the plate.
1.2.3 Strips
For the development the plate is divided into a number of strips by partitioning the plate
along the baseline into intervals of equal length. Each strip is restricted by two planar strip
curves (the end strips by edges 1 and 3, respectively). There are three options to control the
plane of the strip curves:
To be located in a principal plane (normally the principal plane that is most
perpendicular to the baseline curve).
To be perpendicular to the baseline in the point of intersection with it (i.e. the strip plane
is defined by a point on the baseline and the normal of the baseline in this point).
To be distributed along edge 2 and edge 4 with the same relative distance as between
the points along the baseline. In this case the plane is defined by three points on edges
2 and 4 and the baseline (provided they are not collinear).
The figures below illustrate what the strips will look like when developed for one and the
same plate with use of these three options.

For most plates the end result will be practically the same independent of the option
selected but in certain cases selecting the right option may give a better result (or even be
the only option that gives a result at all).
Conditions for any strip curve are:
It must intersect the baseline and the edges 2 and 4 in exactly one point.
It must not intersect any other strip curve (or the edges 1 and 3).
The program will automatically adjust the plane of the strip curves to fulfill these conditions
to the extent possible.
Thus a fundamental restriction is that both of edges 2 and 4 must have a single and well
defined intersection with each strip curve. E.g. suppose that for the plate below the strip
planes have been selected to be principal planes. (The program will always make certain
that extra strip curves are added through the knuckle points along edges 2 and 4, if
required).
At the knuckle point (KN) the edge 4 is not unique with respect to the strip curve at this
position (there are two knuckle points in the same position along the baseline!) and there is
a risk that the plate will be improperly developed. In this case there is a simple way to

overcome the problem by selecting the strip option Perpendicular Baseline with a result as
shown in the figure below.
If the edges have very special characteristics or violate the rules above it may be better to
develop the plate with a simpler geometry from an envelope and then subtract some
information by aid of a generalised hole. The plate below is not possible to treat as
suggested in the figure above since inevitably some strip planes will have more than one
intersection point with edge 4.
1.2.4 Plate Contours

Each strip is developed independently of the others by splitting into connected triangles
through points in space located on the strip curves. The connected triangles are then rolled
out on both sides of the baseline to form the planar strip. The contours of the developed
plate are formed as spline curves through points derived from the developed strips after
they have been adjusted and transformed to a proper position relative to each other via
connection along the baseline.
Since the number of strips (and thus points) is restricted, fine details of the original edge
curves in space may get lost. E.g. it may not be possible to retain the exact radius of fillet
arcs.
1.2.5 Gaps/Overlaps
When the individually developed strips are combined to form the complete developed plate
the limits of adjacent strips normally do not fit perfectly (except when the plate is planar).
Thus when they are combined the result may either be gaps or overlaps along the longer
edges and/or the baseline. If the development method is contraction, the strips are
combined in such a way that there may appear gaps between them. These gaps should
then be eliminated by shrinkage in the forming process. Similarly, the differences are
registered as overlaps when the workshop method is expansion. The gaps/overlaps can be
used as guidance in the forming process, e.g. by telling how much pressure needs to be
applied at a special location for the plate to expand and get its shape properly.

The sketch of the developed plate used for checking purposes presents the gaps/overlaps
as numbers on a rough level (see the sketch below). However, more detailed information is
stored along with the plate.
1.2.6 Roll Axes

The plate development has an option to evaluate the main directions of curvature. The
result is called the primary and secondary roll axes, respectively. They are intended for
guidance how to apply the roll in an initial rolling of the forming process. The roll axes are
defined by the two edges of maximum relative curvature. For a purely cylindrical plate the
two roll axes coincide.
The primary roll axis is indicated in the sketch of the developed plate by a solid bold line in
the same colour as the plate itself, the second one as a solid line with normal thickness (see
the sketch below).
1.3 Special Plates

The description above is applicable for normal plates in the shell of a ship. However, the
development function has been adjusted to cope with more complicated plates as well, like
(closed) cylindrical plates (e.g. in the bow thruster funnel) and (closed) generalised cones.
For such and similar plates it obvious that unrestricted strip planes have multiple
intersections with the plate edges. The special circumstances related to these types of
plates are taken care of by the program.
For a closed plate there must always be one seam along which to cut the plate open. This
seam must then be referred to twice in order to create a closed definition of the plate, cf. the
figure below. It is also necessary to tick the box Create Closed Plate in the input form
otherwise the program will not accept that a seam occurs twice in the definition of a plate.
To define this plate the seams (A, B, C) in the figure should e.g. be given in the following
order:
B /A /B/ C
It may be necessary to use certain development options, e.g. regarding strip direction and
development method. E.g. for a cylinder it may be convenient to let the strip planes either be
parallel to its axis or perpendicular to it. In both cases selecting strip control method
Perpendicular or Distributed may be a good choice.

1.4 Plate Sketch for Checking

The figure below shows an example of the sketch for checking purpose. In addition to the
items mentioned above it also contains the least circumscribed rectangle of the plate with a
user defined margin.
In this stage the plate contour is the nominal one, i.e. without any compensation for excess,
shrinkage or bevel gaps. However, in the evaluation of the circumscribed rectangle excess
and bevel gaps have been considered (but not any shrinkage compensation).


Miscellaneous
Miscellaneous

Miscellaneous

Mould Data on Shell Members
1 Mould Data on Shell Members
1.1 General Information

This program is used to produce intersection points and girth lengths between frame curves
and longitudinals, seams or other hull curves. In case of longitudinals, some angle
information is also presented. Details are specified below.
1.2 Set-up of Program

The name of the executable of this program is sf408d. It communicates via an input file and
resulting files. The program is normally activated through the Job Launcher (JL) where the
following set-up is required:
Name recognised by JL: Hull Mould Data on Shell
AVEVA Marine env. JL set-up and explanation

variable
SB_INPUT1 Input file to be set up with extension .dat in JL
SB_OUTPUT1 Output file with run-time information. To be set up in JL as first

output file with extension .log
1.3 Input
The program requires information about where to present the results (name of the output
file) and which frames and longitudinals/seams/curves that shall be calculated. This
information can be given in an input file, with name assigned to SB_INPUT1.
The input file should follow the following syntax:
OUTPUT,<String>;
FRAME/FROM=<Int>/TO=<Int>/Step=<Int> (1-10 statements)
SEAM/FROM=<Int>/TO=<Int>/Step=<Int>; (Max 10 statements)

LONG/FROM=<Int>/TO=<Int>/Step=<Int>; (Max 10 statements)
CURVE,<String>; (Max 100 statements)
To produce a result, an OUTPUT statement must exist together with at least one FRAME
statement and one of the statements SEAM, LONG or CURVE. The SEAM, LONG and
CURVE statements can not be mixed.
The output string should contain the name of the resulting file. The file will be placed on the
directory assigned to SB_SHIPPRINT if nothing else is specified.
Example:
OUTPUT,'SF408D_TEST';
FRAME/FROM=50/TO=115/STEP=5;
LONG/FROM=810/TO=890/STEP=10;
1.4 Output Files
1.4.1 Interpreted Input File

The result of the interpretation of the input file will be presented in a file assigned to the
logical SB_OUTPUT1.
The following information is listed in the user given output file:
1.4.2 Items in Resulting List File

The following information is listed:
The name of longitudinal/seam/curve
The frame number
Y and Z coordinate of intersection
Girth length
And for longitudinals also:
Alfa the angle between the Z-axis and the web of the longitudinal.
G the angle between the Y-axis and the tangent of the intersection
point on the frame curve.
Mont the angle between the web of the profile and the tangent of the
intersection point on the frame curve.

Webangle the angle in the plane of the web between the intersecting plane and
the tangent vector of the profile trace in its positive direction in the
direction of the description.
Dimension /
Comment
Figure 1:1. Figure showing the listed information.
Figure 1:2. Figure showing the listed web angle.


Hull Geometry Utility
2 Hull Geometry Utility
2.1 General
This program is used to make various geometric calculations on AVEVA Marine model data,
e.g. to calculate arbitrary intersections between curves or between curves and planes.
Results are presented in a generic type file with fixed keywords, which makes it suitable for
further processing by customer specific routines.
2.2 Set-up of Program

The name of the executable of this program is sf304d. It communicates via an input file and
result file. The program is normally activated through the Job Launcher (JL) where the
following set-up is required:
Name recognised by JL: Hull Geometry Utility
AVEVA Marine JL set-up and explanation

logical
SB_INPUT1 Input file to be set up with extension .dat in JL
SB_OUTPUT1 Output file with the information requested via input. To be set up in JL
as first output file with extension .lst
The program can also be executed from a DOS-prompt, presenting messages to the user
and asking for input from the keyboard. If using the program in this way, the assignment of
the logical SB_OUTPUT1 must then be made manually to an output file.
2.3 Input
The input to the program is given in a free format using a blank character as delimiter.
Different calculations are given as input "record" with a specific set of parameters. The
record number is given as the first item on each input line. The following input records are
available:
Record Action to be performed

type
1 Set surface name.
2 Coordinate/angle for a group of curves.

Record Action to be performed

type
3 Coordinate/angle for a single curve
5 Angles on both sides of a curve for the intersection with an x/y/z plane.
7 Intersection point between two space curves
14 Transformation xyz->uvw or uvw->xyz for a given transformation vector.
15 Transformation xyz->uvw or uvw->xyz for a given transformation vector in a
given curve.
16 Angle at the inters-point between two space curves
17 Angle at the intersection point space curve/coordinate
18 Convert a SBH3 3D curve into an SSP hull curve.
Furthermore, the record "H" can be given without any parameters. This record will result in
printout in the log file when executing the program, describing the different input
alternatives.
2.3.1 Record Type 1

This record identifies the surface to be used for the calculations to be done. The record is a
prerequisite if record type 5 should be used.
Record Format:
1 Name
NAME The name of the surface. (<=24 characters)
2.3.2 Record Type 2

A coordinate value or an angle is given (via AXIS-IN, COORD) and the result will be the
intersection point, the tangency point or the angle (depending on AXIS-OUT) on a group of
curves at the given coordinate or angle. The resulting coordinates or angles will be
presented as results in the generic file
Record Format:
2 AXIS-IN COORD GROUP FROM STEP TO AXIS-OUT
AXIS-IN Coordinate-axis for the given coordinate: X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/ TZ or 1/2/

3/4/5/6/ 7/ 8/ 9.
T is the angle to the u-axis for curves of geometry type 21/ 22/23/24.
TX is the angle to the u-axis in the yz projection of curves of geometry

type 25.
TY,TZ is the corresponding angles in the xz and xy projections

respectively.

The projections defined by TX/TY/TZ must exist in the curves if used.
COORD Coordinate/angle on AXIS-IN.
GROUP Group name of a group of curves with geometry types 21/22/23/ 24/25.
(<=24 characters)
FROM First number to be combined with the group name. (integer)
STEP Increment (+/-) in numbers.
TO Last curve number.
AXIS-OUT Coordinate-axis for the resulting coordinate. See AXIS-IN.
2.3.3 Record Type 3

A coordinate value or an angle is given (via AXIS-IN, COORD) and the result will be the
intersection point, the tangency point or the angle (depending on AXIS-OUT) on a single
curve at the given coordinate or angle. The resulting coordinates or angles will be presented
as results in the generic file. The record is similar to the type 2 record, but makes
calculations only on one specific curve.
Record Format:
3 AXIS-IN COORD CURVE AXIS-OUT
AXIS-IN Coordinate-axis for the given coordinate: X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/ TZ or 1/2/

3/4/5/6/ 7/ 8/ 9.
T is the angle to the u-axis for curves of geometry type 21/ 22/23/24.
TX is the angle to the u-axis in the yz projection of curves of geometry

type 25.
TY,TZ is the corresponding angles in the xz and xy projections

respectively.
The projections defined by TX/TY/TZ must exist in the curves if used.
COORD Coordinate/angle on AXIS-IN.
CURVE Name of a curve with geometry types 21/22/23/ 24/25. (<=24

characters)
AXIS-OUT Coordinate-axis for the resulting coordinate. See AXIS-IN.
2.3.4 Record Type 5

A curve is cut from the given surface by a plane, defined in this record. The angle on the
resulting curve (which has the geometry type 21, 22 or 23) is calculated at the intersection
point with another given curve. Note that a record of type 1 must be given prior to this record
type.
Example: If the given curve is a frame (e.g. X=50000) and the plane is defined by AXIS-
IN=Z and COORD=4000 then the result will be the angle for waterline Z=4000 at X=50000.

Record Format:
5 AXIS-IN COORD CURVE
AXIS-IN X/Y/Z or (1/2/3).
X= plane perpendicular to the x-axis
Y= plane perpendicular to the y-axis
Z= plane perpendicular to the z-axis
COORD Coordinate along the given axis.
CURVE Name of a hull curve (with geometry type 21/22/23/24/25).
2.3.5 Record Type 7

The record is used to calculate the intersection point between two space curves. Only one
intersection point is permitted.
Record Format:
7 CURVE1 CURVE2
CURVE1 Name of the first curve
CURVE2 Name of the second curve
2.3.6 Record Type 14

The record is used to transforms a point from the uvw-system into the xyz-system or the
reverse. The transformation vector is given by the user.
Record Format:
14 X0 Y0 Z0 FI1 FI2 FI3 TYPE CO1 CO2 CO3
X0
Y0
Z0 Coordinates of the uvw-origin.
FI1
FI2
FI3 The Euler angles.
These numbers form a normal Hull transformation vector.
TYPE 0: transformation from xyz into uvw.
1: transformation from uvw into xyz.

CO1
CO2
CO3 The point to be transformed.

The record is used to transforms a point from the uvw-system into the xyz-system or the
reverse. The transformation vector is fetched from the given curve
Record Format:
15 CURVE TYPE CO1 CO2 CO3
CURVE Name of the curve from which the transformation vector shall be fetched
TYPE 0: transformation from xyz into uvw.
1: transformation from uvw into xyz.
CO1
CO2
CO3 The point to be transformed.

Using this record the inclination of a line between two given curves is calculated. The points
on the curves are calculated by intersecting them with a plane which is displaced a given
distance along a given axis from the intersection point between the curves.
The direction of the line is from CURVE1 to CURVE2.
This record is supposed to be used in the following situation:
Suppose that two curves intersect each other at a narrow angle and the curves are used to
define a surface. To get a "smooth" corner of the surface, the inclination curves along the
bounding curves must be correct. These angles can be calculated here.
The resulting angle will be defined in the following planes depending on AXIS:
AXIS=1: plane y-z
AXIS=2: plane x-z
AXIS=3: plane x-y
The picture below illustrates the usage of the record:

Figure 2:1. The picture above shows the use of record type 16, resulting in an angle in the frame
plane:
Record Format:
16 CURVE1 CURVE2 AXIS DELTA
CURVE1 Names of the curves. (<=24 characters)
CURVE2
AXIS The parameter axis along which DELTA is given.
1 denotes the x-axis
2 denotes the y-axis
3 denotes the z-axis
DELTA Distance with sign along AXIS from the intersection point where the
inclination (angle) shall be calculated. DELTA is normally supposed to be
a small value (typically in the range 0.1-1 mm).
The angle is defined in the direction from CURVE1 to CURVE2.

This record is used in a similar way as record type 16 to ensure a smooth surface when a
surface element ends up in a narrow corner.
Suppose a given curve, and further that the inclination of the surface in a principal plane, i.e.
a frame plane, is known at a given point. This record then calculates the correct inclination,
i.e. in a waterline plane.
The picture below illustrates the usage of the record:

Figure 2:2. The picture above shows the use of record type 17, resulting in an angle in the frame
plane.
Record Format:
17 CURVE COORD-AXIS COORD ANGLE-AXIS ANGLE DELTA
CURVE Name of a curve. (<=24 characters)
COORD-AXIS The axis perpendicular to the plane in which the resulting angle is to
be calculated.

The COORD-AXIS must not be the same as the ANGLE-AXIS.
COORD Coordinate along COORD-AXIS defining the intersection point.
ANGLE-AXIS The parameter axis used in conjunction with ANGLE and DELTA.
The ANGLE-AXIS is perpendicular to the plane in which ANGLE is
given:


If the ANGLE-AXIS is negative then ANGLE is the name of an

inclination curve.
ANGLE The angle in degrees.
If the ANGLE-AXIS is negative then ANGLE is the name of an

inclination curve. Then the ANGLE is not explicitly given, but will be
calculated in the intersection point from the inclination curve, whose
name is given in ANGLE.
This inclination curve must have ANGLE-AXIS as the parameter

axis.
If ANGLE is not an inclination curve, then ANGLE is supposed to be

known in the intersection point calculated from COORD. (Note that
normally the exact position along ANGLE-AXIS is not known.)
ANGLE shall be defined in the following planes:
ANGLE-AXIS=1: plane y-z
ANGLE-AXIS=2: plane x-z
ANGLE-AXIS=3: plane x-y
DELTA Distance along ANGLE-AXIS from the intersection point.
The tangent plane of the surface is defined by
1) The intersection point between CURVE and COORD
2) The given ANGLE
3) A tangent vector of CURVE in the given point.
This tangent vector is replaced by a vector along the chord from the
intersection point to another point on the curve. This second point is
calculated by moving the distance DELTA in the direction of
ANGLE-AXIS along CURVE.

The record is used to converts a 3D curve (lines fairing curve) into a hull curve with
geometry type 21/22/23/25.
Record Format:
18 CURVE-IN CURVE-OUT AXIS
CURVE-IN Name of the 3D curve.
CURVE-OUT Name of the resulting hull curve

AXIS The parameter axis of CURVE-OUT if the resulting curve is a

proper space curve (geometry type 25):

Irrelevant if the resulting curve is in one of the principal planes

(geometry type 21 22 23).
2.3.11 Input Examples

Below are given some examples of the use of some of the input records. All the records are
all based on a surface which is a semi-sphere with radius = 5000 and located in the half
spaced with y>=0. The extensions along the x and z axes are [-5000, 5000].
The x and z sections, referred to below as PRX1, PRX2, to PRX9 and PRZ1, PRZ2, to
PRZ9, are located at x=-4000, -3000, to 4000 and z=-4000, -3000, to 4000, respectively.
Example of Record Type 2
Given: PRX1, PRX2, ... PRX9 (geometry type = 21).
Wanted: Inclination angles at Z=2000.
Record Format:
2 Z 2000 PRX 1 1 9 T
Given: PRX1, PRX2, ... PRX9.
Wanted: Z-values at the frame inclination of 30 degrees.
Record Format:
2 TX 30 PRX 1 1 9 Z
Given: PRX1, PRX2, ... PRX9.
Wanted: Z-values at the frame inclination of 30 degrees.
Record Format:
2 Y 1000 PRX 1 1 9 Z

Given: PRZ1
Wanted: X at Y=1000.
Record Format:
3 Y 1000 PRZ1 X
Given: PRZ1
Wanted: T at Y=1000.
Record Format:
3 Y 1000 PRZ1 TZ
Given: PRZ4
Wanted: The inclination angle of an x-section (yz-plane) at the intersection with

PRZ4. The x-section: x=1000.
Record Format:
5 X 1000 PRZ4
Given: PRX3 and PRZ4
Wanted: The intersection point between PRX3 and PRX4 (X, Y, Z).
Record Format:
7 PRX3 PRZ4
2.4 Output
The results of the geometry calculations are stored in a generic-type format with fixed
keywords. As a principle, both the given input data and the resulting values are stored. Each
input record that is successfully resulting in a calculation will be presented in the file as a

group of keywords, starting with "START_OF_REC<no> and ending with

END_OF_REC<no>.
The following keywords are used for the different input records:
2.4.1 Record Type 1
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC1 None
SURFACE The given surface name
END_OF_REC1 None
2.4.2 Record Type 2
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC2 None
METHOD Corresponds to the input parameter AXIS-IN and can be any of
the values X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/TZ
INPUT_VALUE Coordinate or angle depending on the METHOD
RESULT Could be assigned to any of the values X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/TZ
CURVE Name of a curve
VALUE Resulting coordinate or angle depending on the RESULT
END_OF_REC2 None
The keywords CURVE and VALUE are presented in pairs the number of times as requested
via input parameters.
2.4.3 Record Type 3
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC3 None
METHOD Corresponds to the input parameter AXIS-IN and can be any of
the values X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/TZ
INPUT_VALUE Coordinate or angle depending on the METHOD
RESULT Could be assigned to any of the values X/Y/Z/U/V/T/TX/TY/TZ

Keyword Contents
VALUE Resulting coordinate or angle depending on the RESULT
END_OF_REC3 None
2.4.4 Record Type 5
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC5 None
AXIS Corresponds to the input parameter AXIS-IN and can be any of
the values X/Y/Z
INPUT_VALUE Coordinate depending on the METHOD
RESULT Always equal to T
ANGLE_BEFORE Angle in direction of the intersecting curve before the knuckle
ANGLE_AFTER Angle in direction of the intersecting curve after the knuckle
END_OF_REC5 None
2.4.5 Record Type 7
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC7 None
CURVE1 Name of the first given curve
CURVE2 Name of the second given curve
X X value at intersection
Y Y value at intersection
Z Z value at intersection
END_OF_REC7 None
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC14 None
METHOD Values are either UVW2XYZ or XYZ2UVW

Keyword Contents
TRA1 Transformation vector
TRA2 -"-
TRA3 -"-
TRA4 -"-
TRA5 -"-
TRA6 -"-
X X value (calculated or given)
Y Y value (calculated or given)
Z Z value (calculated or given)
U U value (calculated or given)
V V value (calculated or given)
W W value (calculated or given)
END_OF_REC14 None
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC15 None
METHOD Values are either UVW2XYZ or XYZ2UVW
TRA1 Name of curve from which the transformation vector is fetched
X X value (calculated or given)
Y Y value (calculated or given)
Z Z value (calculated or given)
U U value (calculated or given)
V V value (calculated or given)
W W value (calculated or given)
END_OF_REC15 None

Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC16 None
AXIS The parameter axis along which DELTA is given. Could be any of
the values X/Y/Z
DELTA Given delta value
CURVE1 Name of the first given curve
CURVE2 Name of the second given curve
ANGLE Resulting angle from the calculation
END_OF_REC16 None
Keyword Contents
START_OF_REC17 None
AXIS Given axis. Could be any of the values X/Y/Z
COORD Given coordinate value
CURVE Name of the given curve
ANGLE_AXIS The parameter axis used in conjunction with ANGLE and DELTA.
ANGLE_IN Corresponds to the given ANGLE value
DELTA Given delta value
ANGLE_OUT The calculated angle
END_OF_REC17 None

This record does not result in any generic output.
2.4.11 Compatibility with Older Versions

In Tribon 5, similar calculations were made using the Sfprel routine, but the result was
presented in a quite different way. To support old users over a transition period, this format
can be selected for the record types of this program. Setting the logical SBH_OLD_SF304D
to any value activates the old output format.

Verify Curved Hull References
3 Verify Curved Hull References
MarHullVerify is a batch program that is used to verify the references between Curved Hull
objects. The program tells you which other objects a certain object refers to and which of
those references are erroneous.
The input is an XML file with a simple format. The output can optionally be in XML or in plain
text format.
When the program runs it will read the objects to verify from the input file. On the screen it
will output which object currently is verified and then it will write the result of the verification
to a log file.
3.1 Parameters
There are two different types of parameters that you can pass to the program: settings
parameters and command line parameters.
The settings parameters control the input and output file. These parameters can be set with
the MarEnvUtil program.
The parameter for input is:
SB_INPUT1
That parameter must point to an XML file that describes which objects to verify. See section
Input for more details on the format of the XML file.
The parameter for output is:
SB_OUTPUT1
That parameter must point to a log file where to write the result of the verification.
Note: The log file will get overwritten, in case it already exists.
If the output file is not defined or an empty string and the output type is plain text, then the
output will not be written to a file but directly to the console.
There are three different command line parameters.
-ns : Do not verify XML syntax of input file.
-nx : Use plain text as output format, and not XML.
-v : Show verbose/wordy output (works only together with the -nx switch).
The -ns switch tells the program not to verify the syntax of the XML input file. But it will still
check for parse errors, such as missing end tags and so on. Normally any XML file is
checked against the schema file MarHullVerify.xsd. But you can use this switch if
you want to use an XML file that does not strictly follow the syntax that MarHullVerify

requires. This will enable the use of an XML file generated by Curved Hull as input. For
more information on XML input see section Input.
The -nx switch tells the program not to use XML as output format. Instead the result of the
verification is written in plain text format.
The -v switch tells the program to use verbose output. Normally, in plain text mode, the
program only writes erroneous references to the log file. But with the -v switch it will write
every encountered reference, erroneous or not.
Note: This switch works only in plain text mode. XML output is always verbose.
3.2 Input
The following objects are recognized by the program:
curved panels
shell plates
shell profiles
shell stiffeners
hull curves
seams
planes
points
As already stated the input format is an XML. Below is an example of a file:
<Verify>
<CurvedPanel ObjId="AFT-CPAN1"/>
<CurvedPanel ObjId="*"/>
<ShellPlate ObjId="SIDE*"/>
<ShellProfile ObjId="TTPL01"/>
<ShellProfile ObjId="TTPT02"/>
<ShellStiffener ObjId="TTPT01-S1"/>
<HullCurve ObjId="TTPX115"/>
<Seam ObjId="TTPS14"/>
<Seam ObjId="TTPS*"/>
<Plane ObjId="PLANE1"/>
<Point ObjId="POINT1"/>
</Verify>
There are a few things to take notice of here: As you can see the XML file must start and
end with the root element <Verify>. Within this tag you define the different objects you
want to verify.

For these tags the following, quite self-explanatory, keywords are used:
CurvedPanel for a curved panel
ShellPlate for a shell plate
ShellProfile for a shell profile, both longitudinal or transversal
ShellStiffener for a shell stiffener
HullCurve for a hull curve
Seam for a seam
Plane for a plane
Point for a point.
The name of the object to verify is given as an attribute with the name ObjId. As you can
see in the example above, wild-card characters are accepted. The line
<ShellPlate ObjId="SIDE*"/>
will verify all shell plates that begin with the letters SIDE. And the line
<CurvedPanel ObjId="*"/>
will simply make the program verify all curved panels in the project.
3.3 Output
As already stated the output of the program is written to a log file defined by the
environment variable SB_OUTPUT1. Normally the output is done in XML format. But using
the command line switch -nx you can tell the program to output a plain text file.
If the variable SB_OUTPUT1 is not defined or an empty string and the output type is plain
text, then the output will be redirected to the console.



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Hull Detailed Design

Date Version Comments / Remarks

Hull Detailed Design Curved Modelling User Guide

Copyright 1974 to current year. i 12 Series

Copyright 1974 to current year. ii 12 Series

Deactivate All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:33

Users Guide Interactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interactive Functions, Curved Hull Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1

Copyright 1974 to current year. iii 12 Series

Shell Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:13

Copyright 1974 to current year. iv 12 Series

Curve from Surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:55

The Default Submenu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:56

Interactive Functions, Hull Tools Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1

Copyright 1974 to current year. v 12 Series

Default Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:6

Default Parameters of Curved Hull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1

Users Guide Batch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Plate Development Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Copyright 1974 to current year. vi 12 Series

General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1

Hull Geometry Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1

Verify Curved Hull References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1

Copyright 1974 to current year. vii 12 Series

Copyright 1974 to current year. viii 12 Series

Copyright 1974 to current year. i 12 Series

Copyright 1974 to current year. ii 12 Series

Operators Instructions Curved Modelling

Purpose: To create or modify a seam or butt in a hull surface.

Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a curve

In modify mode, the user may change any part of the

Options: Not available.

Result: In create mode, a new seam will be created and

Copyright 1974 to current year. 1:1 12 Series

Create Shell Plate

Purpose: To create or modify a shell plate.

Instructions: In create mode, this function can be used either to

In case the user wants to create several plates by a

When all seams and butts have been picked, the

Finally, the plate name form must be filled in to give

Copyright 1974 to current year. 1:2 12 Series

In modify mode, the user can change the definition

Result: In create mode, one or more shell plates will be

Create Shell Profile

Purpose: To create a longitudinal or transversal.

Instructions: In create mode, the user must give a curve definition

In modify mode, the user may change any part of the

Copyright 1974 to current year. 1:3 12 Series

Options: Not available.

Result: In create mode, a new shell profile will be created and

Split Symmetric Profile

Purpose: Split a symmetric shell profile or stiffener into portside and

Instructions: Primarily, symmetric shell profiles or stiffeners already

Options: Use Options to switch between picking profiles and

Result: The selected objects will be split with respect to

Shell Stiffener - Split

Purpose: To split an existing shell stiffener into two or more smaller

Copyright 1974 to current year. 1:4 12 Series

Options: Not available.

Result: The selected shell stiffeners will be split in the

Shell Stiffener - Combine

Purpose: To combine previously split shell stiffeners.

Prerequisites: Two or more shell stiffeners, which can be combined,