1.

Automatic Rain Sensing Wiper System using

555 Timer

Abstract

Have you seen Audi, Lexus or Ford rain sensing wipers and wondered
how they work in these vehicles? They are handled by sensors at the center
of the windscreen which detects rain water and turns on the wiper motor.
Here is the working of rain sensitive wipers with circuit schematic. The
main component of this circuit is a 555 timer IC that works in monostable
mode. Two metal sheets fixed at a small distance apart are used as rain
detector sensors. From the working of a monostable 555 timer, a negative
voltage on the trigger pin will cause a high output. So when it rains, trigger
pin gets a negative voltage. Output of one shot 555 (monostable) is
connected to a relay through a transistor. The transistor acts as a switch for
the relay to turn ON the wiper motor during rain.

Circuit Diagram

How rain sensing wipers work?

Working of this circuit is same as the working principle of monostable
multivibrator. Here the trigger to the second pin is given by rain sensors.
A small water drop on the rain sensor will connect the negative voltage to the
trigger pin of 555 IC which in turn will turn the output pin of 555 high. 5

55 Output is connected to the base of transistor through a 1K resistor which

forward biases the transistor. Thus relay gets negative and it switches ON the
wiper motor. You can refer our previous post on how relay works for better
understanding of relay

2.Electronic mosquito insect repellent circuit using

555 IC

Abstract

Mosquitoes are one of the most irritating bugs and they spread many
diseases. Wide varieties of mosquito repellents are available. Here we are
talking about a method which would most likely drive away the
mosquitoes with the help of certain frequency generators. Researchers have
found that insects are typically allergenic to a specific spectrum of
frequency range called the ultrasound frequency.This is a simple circuit of
ultrasonic mosquito (insect) repeller for insect control based on the theory
that insects like mosquito can be repelled by using sound frequencies in the
ultrasonic (above 20 KHz) range. This insect repellent frequency is farther
than the hearing range of humans, but can cause a lot of nervousness to the
insects and also to animals like dogs and cats. Bug control is easy with this
best insect repellent.

Working of bug repellent circuit

Here the 555 timer is configured in astable multivibrator mode,
specifically devised for generating sound at the ultra frequency levels.
The frequency of this circuit is set to 25 kHz, this frequency falls in the
ultrasound region and it is not audible to human beings.
The 1N4007 diode is used to get 50% duty cycle for the frequency
generator.
The piezo buzzer converts the output of 555 astable to ultrasonic
sound that can be heard by the insects.
This ultrasound frequency cause some irritations and uneasiness to the
insects such as mosquitoes. However it will not disturb you if you have
installed this circuit of insect repellent for your home.

3.Remote Control Light Circuit Diagram Using 555

Timer

Abstract

You may wonder if its possible to control a light using a remote

controller. In this article CircuitsGallery presents an interesting DIY circuit
that helps you to turn ON and OFF a lamp with a remote control.
Here we have made use of TSOP, an IR receiver which detects the IR rays
from the remote. NE555 is the next important part which produces a clock
pulse for toggling the D flip flop.The relay helps to connect any electrical
devices to the circuit and you can control any electrical equipment, not only
a light.

You must need regulated power supply of 5 volt to do this circuit because
TSOP requires 5v. Its voltage should not exceed 5V.

You can use normal remote control of home appliances for this and of course
I meant the one with Infra Red transmitter. Or else if youre interested to
make one of your own then its simple, just have a look at our simple IR
transmitter and receiver circuit.

Similar Circuit: Clap switch Circuit

Circuit Diagram of Remote Control Light

Working of Remote Control Light Switch

Power supply circuit is not shown here. 1st you build a Rectifier
circuit for 6v DC and proceed.
Maximum voltage of TSOP and 7474 is 5V hence we are using 7805
voltage regulator IC to get constant 5V DC.
The output of TSOP is always 5V, and the output will be zero when IR
rays strikes on it.
 555 IC biased as a Monostable Multivibrator. Normally its output is 0V
(ground potential), provided that voltage at the 2nd pin must be
greater than 1/3Vcc.
When the voltage at the 2nd pin goes below 1/3Vcc output switches to
high (5V) for the time T=1.1RC after the time interval output returns to
0V again.
The D-flip flop7474 is wired as Toggle mode, i.e. Q to D input. 555 used
as clock generator to the flip flop.
When it get a clock pulse Output goes to High and remain in that state
until it get next pulse.
On receiving next pulse output goes to low and remain in that state till
the next pulse.
This process will continue.
Output of 7474 is fed to base terminal of BC 187 which is driver
transistor, when it base voltage is high current will flow through the
load
Here relay is the load and it will energize only when the base voltage of
BC 187 is high and connects the 230v AC supply to the Bulb or light.

(Read More: How to Connect relay in circuit)

Diode Df is freewheeling diode used to dissipate the stored energy in

the inductor load. It is essential for the smooth working of this circuit

4.555 Touch Sensor

Abstract

How to make a touch sensor? Here is a simple DIY touch sensor circuit
diagram using 555 timer monostable mode. Touch switch is only a
conducting metal sheet that acts as touch sensor. The 555 touch switch is not
a touch capacitive sensor; it is only a metal touch sensor button. Using this
you can turn on and off devices by single touch. Here we are using a JK flip
flop IC 7476 that is connected as T-flip flop. The output of T-flip flop is
connected to the base of transistor to turn ON the relay so as to control high
current electrical devices such as fan, motor, lamps etc.
Circuit diagram of 555 touch switch

Working
The 555 timer IC is connected in monostable mode, i.e. 6th and 7th
pins are shorted, a capacitor is connected to ground and a resister is
connected to Vcc.
Working of this circuit is same as that of a monostable multivibrator.
When we touch on the touch pad, a negative voltage is produced on
the trigger pin (2nd pin) of 555 IC. Then monostable output goes high.
Touch pad is only a conducting metal sheet.
If your circuit is not working then you have to connect a 1M resistor
from the 2nd pin of 555 to Vcc (+5V).
Output of 555 is connected to the clock of JK flip flop IC 7476.
Here JK flip flop is connected as a T flip flop (toggling mode) depending
on the clock.
Its state will change by applying clock signal, i.e. if the output of JK flip
flop is high, it changes to low else it will change to high.
Output of T flip flop is connected to the base of transistor BC 548
through a 1K resistor.
A positive voltage on the base of transistor will forward bias the
transistor, then relay gets negative and it switches the device.

5.PWM LED Dimmer/ Brightness Control by 555 Timer

Abstract

How to change the brightness of a LED? Whether led lights are dimmable?
Is it possible to adjust the brightness of LEDs? LED is basically a diode, when
the forward voltage exceeds 0.7 volt, it starts to glow, and if the forward
voltage is less than 0.7 volt, it will be in the OFF state. What happens if we
are providing a high voltage to the LED so as to increase the brightness?
Will it be a practical solution? No, it will lead to the burning of LED. So what
we can do to adjust the brightness of LEDs? Here Circuits Gallery comes with
a simple LED brightness control circuit using (Pulse Width Modulation)
PWM method. It is also called PWM LED dimmer circuit diagram. By
changing the pulse width of square wave, it is possible to control the
brightness of LED. We have already discussed about the PWM signal
generation before. Here NE555 timer IC is used to produce PWM signals.

Circuit diagram

Working of PWM LED Light Dimmer Circuit

We have already discussed about Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). Op-
Amps and 555 ICs are widely used for generating PWM signals.
Our new circuit is based on 555 timer IC. You can use this circuit as a
dimmer switch for LED lights. This PWM concept is also applicable for
lamp dimmer switches too. But here we are explaining about 555 led
dimmer.
At the instant of powering ON the circuit, output will be 5V, because
the voltage at the 2nd pin (trigger pin) is less than 1/3 Vcc.
[Read Astale Multivibrator for getting familiarized with 555 timer].
 At the very next moment, the output voltage will reach the capacitor
via the 10k potentiometer and diode D2 so that the capacitor starts
charging with a time constant RdR1C (where Rd is the forward resistance
of Diode D2).
When the capacitor voltage exceeds 2/3 Vcc, the 555 timer gets reset.
Then the output will be 0V.
At this moment the capacitor discharges via the diode D1 and
potentiometer R1 to the output pin since it is in ground potential.
When the capacitor voltage goes below 1/3 Vcc, the output of 555 IC
again rises to 5V. This process continues.
Here the charging and discharging path is entirely different since it is
isolated by diodes D1 and D2 (refer above images). If the
potentiometer midpoint is at 50% (middle), we will able to get 50%
duty cycle (square waves of equal pulse width).
Pulse with can be varied by changing the charging and discharging
time, this is possible by adjusting the potentiometer. Thus we get PWM
signal!

6.Plant watering watcher circuit

Abstract

This circuit i.e. water watching in flower-pot or plant watering project is intended
to some signal when plant needs water. Water watching circuit will glow a LED
when the ground of any plant (or flower-pot) becomes too dry and when there is
some conductivity between probes which are inserted in that ground the LED will
automatically turned off. Adjusting R2 will allow the user to adapt the sensitivity
of the circuit for different grounds, pots and probe types.

circuit diagram:

WORKING
The circuit operation of water watching indicator can be explained as follows:
IC1A and related components R1 and C1 form a 2 KHz square wave oscillator
feeding one gate input of IC1B through the voltage divider R2/R3 made variable
by adjusting the Trimmer R2. If the resistance across the probes is low (as when
there is a sufficient amount of water into the pot) C2 diverts the square wave to
ground, IC1B is blocked and its output will go steady height. IC1C inverts the
high status to low, thus keeping IC1D blocked: the LED is off. When the ground in
the flower-pot is becoming too dry the resistance across the probes will increase
(and their will be no conductivity between two ends of probes) and C2 will be no
longer able to divert the square wave to ground. Therefore, IC1B output begins
to transfer the 2 kHz signal to IC1C which, in turn, passes it to the oscillator built
around IC1D. No longer disabled by a low level on its input, the IC1D oscillator
slowly pulses Q1 base low causing the LED to flash, signaling the necessity to
water the plant. The short low pulse driving the base of Q1 is actually a burst of
2kHz pulses and therefore the LED flickers about 2,000 times per second
appearing to the human eye as if the LED was steadily on for the entire duration
of the pulse.