Public and Intercultural Communication and Social Security

of the room, suppression of the evening meal it's painful and unpleasant. And here is the
chaining of the events: first, the conditional stimulus the sound of the bell in the Pavlovian
experiment, in our case the child's intent to commit an antisocial act and the actual
commission of that antisocial act; then, the occurrence of the unconditional stimulus
corresponding to feeding in Pavlov's experiment, here, the punishment administered by
parents, teachers or other persons; finally, the unconditional reaction corresponding to the
dogs' saliva, in the child of our example are the pain, anxiety, and fear of the punishment.
According to the principles of Pavlov, the conditional stimulus, after a number of repetitions
of the similar situation, is associated with an unconditional reaction, so that in a short time the
intent to commit or the commission of an antisocial act will be related to the anxiety
characteristic to administering a punishment. This anxiety coupled with the intent to commit
an antisocial act is what usually called "consciousness", and its censorship is indeed effective,
as it stops most people from indulging in antisocial activities even if they could prove very
beneficial and the risk of being caught would be small.
The risk factors in committing crimes may be due to biological causes, such as a
disorder of the limbic system, believed to be the source of sensations of pleasure and pain and
controlling part of the vital functions as heart rate, breathing and sleeping, and it is possible to
moderate the expression of violence and emotions such as anger and fear (Bohm, Voegel,
2010). Other possible biological explanations of this factor could come from the linkage made
in the research of abnormal levels of certain neurotransmitters and antisocial behavior: low
serotonin level has been linked to impulsive antisocial behavior, substance abuse, impulses
and acts of suicide (Goldman, Fishbein, 2000); the high level of dopamine was associated
with violence, bullying and substance abuse; and high levels of norepinephrine have also been
linked to aggressive behavior. We believe however that this factor may also be influenced by
family dysfunctions such as problem solving, communication, roles, emotional involvement,
emotional responsiveness and self-adjustment, dysfunctions causing more than three times the
physical aggressiveness in boys, but also the stress levels to which the child is subjected as a
result of negative life events related to family, school and peers, a level increased especially in
those who do not receive parental support. S.G. Tibbetts in The Development of Persistent
Criminality reports identifying the following significant interactions in the etiology of early
onset crime:
a) Low birth weight and socially disadvantaged backgrounds;
b) Adversity in the family environment and a low level of verbal intelligence;
c) The sex of the individual and low birth weight;
d) Socioeconomic status and low birth weight;
e) Unstable family environment and minor physical anomalies;
f) Obstetric complications and adversity in the family;
g) Hyperactivity and deviant fellows.
The study of indirect effects could help detect those "supreme" factors leading to the
occurrence of certain risk factors (psychopathy, impulsiveness, empathy deficits, etc.), strong
predictors of crime persistence. J. Savage in The Development of Persistent Criminality states
that the following factors could have a significant importance in determining the persistent
criminal behavior:
a) The issues of attachment may have powerful, indirect effects on antisocial behavior;
b) The childhood abuse effects on delinquency are partly direct, by violent
socialization, but it is very likely to have certain indirect effects such as delays in the
development processes associated with the regulation of emotions, cognitive abilities, social
information processing, etc.

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