CHAPTER - 3 2 2 8 0

(c) If 2 A 3 X 5 B , where A 4 2 'B 4 2 , find X .

MATRICES 5 1 3 6

(i 2 j ) 2
1. Construct a 2 3 matrix A , 3 2 matrix B , whose elements are given by aij . 4 4 7 3 2 1
2 (d) Find X and Y , if 2 X Y and X 2Y .
7 3 4 1 1 2
2 3 5 1 3 5
2. If A 1 4 5 and B 1 3 5 , show that AB BA O3 3 .
7. From the following equation, find the values of x and y :
1 3 4 1 3 5

2 3 1 0 x 5 3 4 7 14 x 10 y 2 2 y 3x 4 3
3. If A and I , then (i) find , so that A2 A I (a) 2 (b)
1 2 0 1 7 y 3 1 2 15 14 0 4 0 y2 5 y
(ii) prove A3 4 A2 A O.
1 2 2 1 3 1
cos sin cos 2 sin 2 8. If A ,B and C , verify that :
4. (a) If A , then show that A2 . 2 3 2 3 2 0
sin cos sin 2 cos 2
(i ) ( A B ) ' A' B ' (ii ) ( AB )' B ' A ' (iii ) ( AB )C A ( BC ) (iv ) A( B C ) AB AC
cos i sin n cos n i sin n
(b) If A , then prove by mathematical induction that A ,n N
i sin cos i sin n cos n 4 1
9. (a) If A ,find f ( A) if f ( x) x 2 2 x 3 .
3 2
n(n 1)
1 n
1 1 1 2
(c) If A 0 1 1 , prove by mathematical induction that An 0 1 n ,n N 3 4
0 0 1 0 0 1 (b) A ,find f ( A) if f ( x) x 2 5x 7
4 3

5. Express the following matrices as the sum of symmetric and a skew-symmetric matrix:
3 4
(c) If A , find a matrix B such that AB I .
1 2
3 1 0 1 3 5
3 4
(a) (b) 2 0 3 (c) 6 8 3
1 1 2 3
1 1 2 4 6 5 (d) If A , prove that A3 4 A2 A 0.
1 2

6 1 5 2 2 4 2 3 1
1 0
(d) 2 5 4 (e) A 1 3 4 (f) A 1 1 2 (e) If A ,find k such that A2 8 A kI 0.
1 7
3 3 1 1 2 3 4 1 2

3 5
2 0 1 2 1 1 (f) If A , prove that A2 5 A 14I 0. Hence obtain A 1 and A3 .
6. (a) Find the matrix C , such that A B C is a zero matrix, where A ,B . 4 2
3 1 0 0 2 1

2 3
1 2 3 2 10. (a) If A , find the matrix B such that A2 BA 3I
(b) Find a matrix X such that 2 A B X 0 , where A ,B . 1 2
3 4 1 5

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 3 1 0 1 0 1
(b) If A , find x and y such that A2 xI yA . Hence find A 1 . Q5. If A and B , prove that A B A B A2 B 2
7 5 1 0 1 0

3 4
1 1 2 1 2 2
2 1 3 Q6. If A 1 1 and B , then verify BA B 2 A2 .
11. (a) If A and B 0 2 , verify that ( AB)' B ' A '. 1 2 4
4 1 0 2 0
5 0

2 4 5 4 2 1 1
(b) If A and B , verify that ( AB)' B ' A '. t
3 5 3 2 Q7. Find the integral values of x , x 4 1 1 0 0 x 4 1 0.
2 2 4

2 0 1
1 2 x
12. If A 5 1 0 , prove that A 1 A2 6A 11 I Q8. If 2 x 3 0 , find the value of x .
3 0 8
0 1 3
Q9. If A2 A I 0 , then what is the inverse of A ?
13. Using elementary transformations, find the inverse of the following matrices:
1 2 3 2 1 4 Q10. If A is a square matrix such that A2 I , then what is A 1 ?
2 1 2 3
(a) A (b) A (c) A 2 5 7 (d) A 4 0 2
4 7 3 4 2 3
2 4 5 3 2 7 Q11. If A be such that A 1
kA , then what is the value of k ?
5 2

SOME MORE PROBLEMS

x 0 1 0
Q12. If A and B , find the value(s) of x for which A2 B .
1 1 5 1
cos 2 cos sin cos2 cos sin
Q1. Prove that the product of the matrices and
cos sin sin 2 cos sin sin 2 2 0 7 x 14 x 7x
Q13. Find the value of x : 0 1 0 0 1 0 is equal to an identity matrix.
is a null matrix, when and differ by an odd multiple of . 1 2 1 x 4x 2x
2

2 1 1 8 10
1 i j ,i j
Q2. Find the matrix A such that 1 0 A 1 2 5 . Q14. Construct a 3x3 matrix A aij whose elements are given by aij i 2j
3 4 9 22 15 ,i j
2

1 2 x 1 2 y 1 2 2
Q3. If A 0 1 0 and B 0 1 0 and AB I3 , what is the value of x y ? Q15. If A 2 1 2 is a matrix satisfying AAT 9 I 3 , Find a and b .
0 0 1 0 0 1 a 2 b

1 1 a 1 2 0 2y z
Q4. If A ,B and A B A2 B 2 , what is the value of a and b ?
2 1 b 1 Q16. Find x , y , z if A x y z satisfies AT A 1.
x y z

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Q17. In a departmental store, a customer X purchase 2 packets of tea, 4 kg of rice and 5 dozen oranges. while School C sold 26 paper-bags, 18 scrap-books and 36 pastel sheets. Using matrices, find the total

Customer Y purchases 1 packet of tea, 5 kg of of rice and 24 oranges. Price of one pack of tea is Rs. 54, amount raised by each school.

1 kg of rice is Rs. 22 and that of 1 dozen oranges is Rs. 24. Use matrix multiplication method and By such exhibitions, which values are inculcated in the students?

calculate each individual bill. Q25. Three schools A, B and C want to award their selected students for the values of Honesty,

1 Regularity and Hard work. Each school decided to award a sum of Rs. 2500, Rs. 3100 and Rs. 5100 per
Q18. If A , 0, then prove by principle of mathematical induction that
0
student for the respective values. The number of students to be awarded by the three schools is given
n n 1
n below in the table.
An n
n N.
0
Values/School A B C
1 1 1
1
Honesty 3 4 6
Q19. If A 2 1 0 , show that A A2 .
1 0 0 Regularity 4 5 2

2 3 Hard Work 6 2 4
Q20. Show that A satisfy equation x 2 6 x 17 0 . Hence find A 1 .
3 4 Find the total money given in awards by the three schools respectively, using matrices.

Q26. Three schools A, B and C organized a mela for collecting funds for helping the rehabilitation of
1 0 0 1 2 2
Q21. If A and B , show that aA bB aA bB a b A.
0 1 1 0 flood victims. They sold handmade fans, mats and plates from recycled materials at a cost of Rs. 25, Rs.

100 and Rs. 50 each. The numbers of articles sold are given below.
0 x 0 1 2
Q22. If A ,B and x 2 1 , then show that A B A2 B2 . School/Article A B C
x 0 1 0
Handmade fans 40 25 35
1 1 x x y
Q23. If f x , prove that f x f y f , where x 1 . Hence deduce that Mats 50 40 50
1 x2 x 1 1 xy
Plates 20 30 40
1
f x f x .
Find the fund collected by each school separately by selling the above articles. Also find the total fund
Q24. To raise money for an orphanage, students of three schools A, B and C organized an exhibition in
collected for the purpose. Write one value generated by the above situation.
their locality, where they sold paper-bags, scrap-books and pastel-sheets made by them using recycled
Q27. To promote the making of toilets for women, an organization tried to generate awareness through
paper, at the rate of Rs. 20, Rs. 15 and Rs. 5 per unit respectively. School A sold 25 paper-bags, 12
(i) house calls (ii) letters and (iii) announcements. The cost for each mode per attempt is given below:
scrap-books and 34 pastel sheets. School B sold 22 paper-bags, 25 scrap-books and 28 pastel sheets
(i) Rs. 50 (ii) Rs. 20 (iii) Rs. 40

The number of attempts made in three villages X, Y and Z are given below:

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 Village (i) (ii) (iii) MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

X 400 300 100 CHAPTER 3 MATRICES

Y 300 250 75
Q1. If aij i j , then A aij is:
3 4
Z 500 400 150
1 2 3 4 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5
(a) 4 5 6 7 (b) 3 4 5 6 (c) 4 5 6 7 (d) none of these
8 9 10 11 4 5 6 7 6 7 8 9
Find the total cost incurred by the organization for the three villages separately.
a b 2 6 2
Q2. If , then a , b is:
Q28. Ishan wants to donate a rectangular plot of land for a school in his village. When he was asked to 5 ab 5 8
(a) 2,4 , 4, 2 (b) 3,3 , 3, 4 (c) 2, 2 , 1,1 (d) none of these
give dimensions of the plot, he told that if its length is decreased by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50

m, then its area will remain same, but if length is decreased by 10 m and breadth is decreased by 20 m, 2 3 4 5 1 2
Q3. If A 1 0 6 ,B 6 1 4 then 2 A 3B is:
then its area will decrease by 5300 m 2 . Using matrices, find the dimensions of the plot. Also give 2 1 5 5 3 4
7 4 3 19 6 8 11 3 14
reason why he wants to donate the plot for a school.
(a) 7 1 10 (b) 12 6 2 (c) 16 3 0 (d) none of these
Q29. The monthly incomes of Aryan and Babban are in the ratio 3 : 4 and their monthly expenditures 3 4 1 10 4 1 19 7 22

are in the ratio 5 : 7. If each saves Rs. 15,000 per month, find their monthly incomes using matrix
Q4. If A aij and B bij and AB BA , then
m n p q

method. This problem reflects which value?

(a) n p (b) n p , m q (c) m n p q (d) m q
1 0 2
Q5. If A is of order 2 3 and B is of order 3 2 , then the order of AB is:
Q30. If A 0 2 1 and A3 6 A2 7 A kI3 O , find k .
2 0 3 (a) 3 3 (b) 2 2 (c) 3 2 (d) 2 3

2 0 2
Q6. If A 0 2 0 , then value of A5 is:
0 0 2

(a) 5 A (b) 10A (c) 16A (d) 32 A

ab b2
Q7. If A , then value of A2 is:
a2 ab

(a) 0 (b) I 2 (c) I 2 (d) none of these

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 2 1 0 4 3 4
Q8. If A and B , then value of 3 A2 2 B I is: Q17. If A and B is a square matrix of order 2 such that AB I , then B ?
3 2 1 7 1 2
1
4 20 4 20 1 1 2
(a) (b) 0 (c) (d) none of these 1 2 2
38 10 18 15 (a) (b) (c) 1 3 (d) none of these
2 3 3
2 2 2
2
4 3
Q9. If A and A2 xA yI 0 , then x , y is:
2 5 3 1
1
(a) 3,7 (b) 9 ,14 (c) 5 ,14 (d) 3,14 Q18. If A 3 and A 5 2 , then adj A ?
3 3
2 3 9 3 9 3 9 3 9 3
Q10. If A , then 6 A 6 A2 is equal to: (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 4 5 2 5 2 5 2 5 2
(a) I (b) 2I (c) 3I (d) 4A
1 3 4
Q11. If A is a square matrix, then AAT AT A is: Q19. If A is an invertible matrix and A , then A ?
5 6
(a) Unit matrix (b) null matrix (c) symmetric matrix (d) skew-symmetric matrix
1 1
3 2
6 4 3 4
0 x 2 (a) (b) (c) 5 3 (d) none of these
Q12. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix, then x is equal to: 5 3 1 1
2x 3 0 2 2
5 6
(a) 1 / 3 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 1
1 1 a 1 2
4 3 2 1 Q20. If A and B and A B A2 B 2 , then:
Q13. If A and B are 2 2 square matrices and A B and A B , then AB ? 2 1 b 1
1 6 5 2
(a) a 2 , b 3 (b) a 2,b 3 (c) a 1, b 4 (d) none of these
7 5 7 5 7 1 7 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1 5 1 5 5 5 5 5

2x 0 1 0 ONE MARKER QUESTIONS MATRICES

Q14. If A and A 1 , then x ?
x x 1 2
Q1. If A is a matrix of order 3 4 and B is a matrix of order 4 3 , write the order of the matrix AB .
1
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) (d) 2
2
1 2 3 4
3 2 4 1 Q2. If A 5 6 7 8 and B is a matrix of order 4 3 , write order of matrix ( AB )T .
Q15. If A , then A ? 9 10 11 12
1 1 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) none of these 3 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 3
Q3. If A and B 2 3 , Write the order of AB and BA .
4 1 7
2 3 1
5 4
Q16. If A , then A ?
1 1
1 1 Q4. Construct a 3 2 matrix whose elements are given by aij 2i j.
(a) 5 (b) (c) (d) 25
5 25

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 1 3 y 0 5 6 ANSWERS
Q5. Find the value of x and y if 2 .
0 x 1 2 1 8
(MATRICES)

1 3 2 1 1 9
Q6. If A and B , find a matrix C such that A B C is a zero matrix.
2 0 1 0 1 9 25 2 2
1. 2 2 2 , 0 2 3. 4, 1
3 0 0 2 8 1 1
Q7. If B , write the value of B4 . 2 2
0 3
1 1 3 1
3 5 3 0
3 0 2 2 2 2
cos sin 2 2
Q8. If A , write the value of A' A . 5. (a) (b) 1 3
sin cos 3 5 0 1 0 2
1 0 2 2
2 2 1 1
1 2 2 0
cos sin 2 2
Q9. If A and AT A I , write the value of .
sin cos
3 1 9 9 1 3
1 0 6 4 0 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
Q10. If A a b c d , write the value of AAT .
3 9 9 3 1 7 3 1
(c) 8 0 (d) 5 0
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
cos x sin x
Q11. If A , find x satisfying 0 x when A AT I. 1 9 9 3 7 1
sin x cos x 2 5 0 4 1 1 0
2 2 2 2 2 2

0 a 3 3 3 1 5 5 3
2 0 2 2 0 1
Q12. If the matrix A 2 b 1 is skew-symmetric, write the value of a b c. 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 1 3 1
c 1 0 (e) 3 1 0 3 (f) 2 1 1 0
2 2 2 2
3 5 5 3 3 1
Q13.If X, Y and Z are matrices of order 2 1,1 3 and 3 2 respectively, find the order of matrix W so 1 3 3 0 2 0
2 2 2 2 2 2
that 3W + YZX is defined.
12 43
Q14. Use elementary column operation C2 C2 2C1 in the following matrix equation: 4 1 0 1 2 1 2 3 2 0 1
6.(a) (b) X (c) 4 14 3 (d ) X ,Y
3 1 1 7 13 3 1 2 1 1 0
2 1 3 1 1 0 2 5 3 1 1 2 25 3 28 3
. Ans:
2 0 2 0 1 1 2 4 2 0 1 1
7. (a) x 2, y 9 (b) x 3, y 1
Q15. Write the number of all possible matrices of order 2 2 with each entry 1, 2 or 3. Ans: 81
1 2
Q16. If A is a square matrix such that A2 I , then find the simplified value of A I
3 3
30 4 15 20
A I 7A 9. (a) f ( A) (b) f ( A) (c) B 1 3 (e) k 7
12 6 20 15
Q17. If A is a square matrix such that A 5 , write the value of AAT . Ans: 25 2 2

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 7 1
8 6 1 1 5 1 10 10 1 1 4 3
10. (a) B (b) A 13.(a) A 1 (b) A
2 8 8 7 3 2 1 17 3 2
5 5

1
3 2 1 2 1
1 2
(c) A 4 1 1 (d) A 1
11 1 6
2 0 1 1
4 2
2

Some More Problems

1 2 5 23
2. 3. 0 4. a 1, b 4 7. x 4 8. x 0 , 9. I A
3 4 0 2

3 32 52
1 1
10. A 11. 12. no value 13. x 14. 4 5 2
19 5
5 6 7

1 1 1
15. a 2, b 1 16. x ,y ,z 17. X = Rs. 316 , Y = Rs. 212
2 6 3

1 1 4 3
20. A 24. Rs. 850, Rs. 805 and Rs. 970 25. Rs. 50500, Rs. 40800 , Rs. 41600
17 3 2

26. Rs.7000, Rs.6125, Rs.7875 ; Total Rs.21,000 27. X: Rs. 30,000, Y: Rs. 23,000, Z: Rs. 39,000

28. 200 m , 150 m 30. k 2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. b 2. a 3. c 4. c 5. b 6. c 7. a 8. a 9. b 10. b 11. c 12. a 13. b 14. c

15. c 16. b 17. c 18. b 19. c 20. c

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