During the excavation, the tunnel construction process is,
‘adapted to the actual conditions encountered, The selected tunnel
construction method (excavation technology, support pattern) and
‘the corresponding speed and costs of construction depend primar
lly on the following factors:
= Geological conkitions (eg. mechanical properties, frequency
and orientation of discontinuities).
= Hydrological conditions.
= Frequency of changes of the geological and hydrological condi
tions -(in)homogeneity of the environment.
= Cross-section area of the tunnel
~ Inclination of the tunnel
= Depth of the tunnel/neight of overburden.
= Affected structures and systems (requirements oa maximal
deformations, protection of water systems and environment,
‘operational constraints).
‘The real construction performance Isfurthermore highly depen-
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