IAFMI 2015

Energy efficient LNG Production

Abang Daya Wiguna
Energy efficient LNG production

Introduction to Tangguh

Energy efficient liquefaction the benefits

Energy efficient liquefaction the challenges

Conclusions

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IAFMI 2015

Introduction to Tangguh
 Introduction to Tangguh

Location

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 Introduction to Tangguh

Responsible development, e.g.

sensitivity to unique local culture & environment
innovative energy efficient design
process safety

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Introduction to Tangguh

Offshore
Vorwata field: 14 wells
2 identical platforms (NUIs)
2 sub-sea, 24 pipelines

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 Introduction to Tangguh

Onshore facilities

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 Introduction to Tangguh

Onshore process

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 Introduction to Tangguh
Heat integration

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 Introduction to Tangguh

Other features include:

Flexibility to accommodate load variation e.g. due to ship loading, molecular
sieve regeneration & ambient cycles provided by package boilers
Minimum rotating equipment count, e.g.:
No end flash compressors; flash in LNG tanks handled by boil off gas
(BOG) compressors
No molecular sieve regeneration gas compressor; BOG used to
regenerate dehydration beds prior to use as fuel

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IAFMI 2015

Efficient liquefaction the benefits

 Efficient liquefaction the benefits

Benefits include:
Lower fuel consumption (hence more gas available for liquefaction & export)
Fewer, larger GTs, all running at base load & optimum efficiency, compared to
conventional gas turbine power station which has part-loaded turbines
Reduced air emissions (combustion CO2, NOx, particulates)
Lower site footprint, reduced power balance & less electrical infrastructure, all
contribute to reduced capital cost
Lower maintenance burden (due to fewer maintenance-intensive gas turbines)
as well as lower fuel use, contribute to reduced operating cost

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 Efficient liquefaction the benefits

Measured operating performance:

4.38 MMBtu per tonne LNG exported achieved during 24hr performance test
(equivalent to 0.23 tonne CO2 from combustion gas per tonne LNG)
Similar average performance, in normal operation over longer period

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IAFMI 2015

Efficient liquefaction the challenges

 Efficient liquefaction the challenges

Project development:
Traditional concept can largely be engineered sequentially:

Process Utilities Offsites Detailed

design design design engineering

Integrated concept has greater degree of recycle and redesign, for example:
electrical load list impacts steam balance
steam balance impacts train power available and operability
steam system dynamics can cause process transients
process controls need to manage process and utility integration
These design iterations impact project schedule

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 Efficient liquefaction the challenges

Commissioning and start-up:

Critical path through this phase is different to conventional plants, e.g.
Dual fired boiler used diesel for early commissioning activities
Early fuel gas requirement to provide higher steam rates required for
steam header cleaning by line blowing and refrigeration compression
string commissioning
Earlier transition from area-based construction management to systems-
based process commissioning, due to these early process system
requirements
Transient steam balance during start-up leads to wet steam venting until
sufficient gas turbine load to achieve high pressure steam superheat
required
Steam system operational experience not widely available

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 Efficient liquefaction the challenges

Operation:
High integration gives the potential for increased common-mode failures
However, our experience is that plant stability & trip response are similar to open-
cycle LNG design, thanks to control system design and features such as electrical
load shedding to mitigate trip escalation
Load management of the refrigeration compression strings is complex, and
control systems are designed to manage the transient impacts of integrated
design
e.g. compressor trip to recycle demands rapid HP steam increase to maintain
speed, simultaneous with decreased LP steam demand from the AGRU
Greater coordination between LNG process & utility operations team required

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IAFMI 2015

Conclusions
 Conclusions

Tangguh is a combined cycle liquefaction plant with over 3 years remote

location operating experience
Clear benefits of energy efficient liquefaction have been realised, including
lower fuel consumption, lower emissions & reduced machinery maintenance
Energy monitoring of actual operating performance has confirmed energy
intensity consistently at lower end of expectations
High degree of integration does result in challenges, through project execution,
commissioning, start-up and operation
We are gathering lessons to drive continuous improvement, with the belief that
high energy efficiency should become the standard for future developments

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 IAFMI 2015

Terima kasih / Thank you

Energy efficient LNG Production

Abang Daya Wiguna