Automatic Voltage Regulator

The automatic voltage regulator is used to regulate the voltage. It takes the fluctuate voltage and
changes them into a constant voltage. The fluctuation in the voltage mainly occurs due to the
variation in load on the supply system. The variation in voltage damages the equipment of the
power system. The variation in the voltage can be controlled by installing the voltage control
equipment at several places likes near the transformers, generator, feeders, etc., The voltage
regulator is provided in more than one point in the power system for controlling the voltage
variations.

In DC supply system the voltage can be controlled by using over compound generators in case of
feeders of equal length, but in the case of feeders of different lengths the voltage at the end of
each feeder is kept constant using feeder booster. In AC system the voltage can be controlled by
using the various methods likes booster transformers, induction regulators, shunt condensers,
etc.,

Working Principle of Voltage Regulator

It works on the principle of detection of errors. The output voltage of an AC generator obtained
through a potential transformer and then it is rectified, filtered and compared with a reference.
The difference between the actual voltage and the reference voltage is known as the error
voltage. This error voltage is amplified by an amplifier and then supplied to the main exciter or
pilot exciter.

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