TOPICS
LDP
CR-LDP
RSVP
RSVP-TE
TOPICS:
- Label spaces, hello adjacencies and sessions
- LDP PDU format
- LDP messages and formats
LDP header
An LDP PDU
consists of an
LDP message 1
LDP header
followed by one
or more LDP
. . .
messages, which
LDP message N
may not be related
to each other.
Version
PDU length
LDP identifier
Value
. . .
U: Unknown TLV bit.
.
It is used when an unknown TLV is received. If U=0, a notification is returned to the
message originator and the entire message is ignored. If U=1, the TLV is silently
ignored and the rest of the message is processed as if the TLV did not exist
Value
. . .
Type: Encodes how the value field is to be interpreted
Length: Specifies the length of the value field in bytes
Value: Contains information which is interpreted as
specified in the type field. It may contain TLV encoding itself!
Message ID
Mandatory parameters
Optional parameters
U: Unknown message bit. Upon receipt of an unknown message, if U=0, a notification is returned to the
message originator. If U=1, the unknown message is silently ignored.
Message type: Identifies the type of message
Message length: Total length in bytes of message ID field and the mandatory and optional parameters fields
Message ID: A 32-bit value used to identify this message. Subsequent messages related to this one have to
carry the same message ID.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
Hello (0x0100)
Message length
Message ID
Optional parameters
Hold time
T
R
Reserved
Hold time:
It specifies the hello hold time in seconds. This is the time that the
the sending LSR will maintain its record of hellos from the
receiving LSR without receipt of another hello.
If hold time=0, then the defaulted value is used, which is 15 sec
for link hellos and 45 sec for targeted hellos. A value of 0xffff
means infinite.
The hold timer is reset each time a hello message is received. If it
expires before a hello message is received, the hello adjacency is
deleted.
Connection-Oriented Networks - Harry Perros
30
Common hello parameters TLV (Continued..)
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
0
Common hello parameters
length
Hold time
T
R
Reserved
T:
It specifies if it is a targeted hello (T=1) or a link hello (T=0).
R:
This field is known as the request send targeted hellos. A value of
1 indicates that the receiver is requested to send periodic targeted
hellos to the source of this hello. A value of 0 makes no such
request.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
Initialization (0x0200)
Message length
Message ID
Optional parameters
Protocol version
KeepAlive time
A
D
Reserved
PVLim
Max PDU length
Message ID
FEC TLV
label TLV
Optional parameters
FEC element 1
...
FEC element n
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
0
Generic label
length
Label
Message id
FEC TLV
Optional parameters
An LSR sends a label request message to an
LDP peer to request a binding (i.e., mapping)
for a FEC.
TOPICS
CR-LSP
CR-LSP setup procedure
The label request message
The label mapping message
The traffic parameters TLV
A
G
E
F
A
B C
D
E
Label request
message
Time
Label mapping
message
0
Label request
Message length
Message id
FEC TLV
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
0
Type (0x0800)
length
ER-hop TLV 1
ER-hop TLV 2
ER-hop TLV n
0
0
Type
length
L
Value //
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
0
Label mapping
Message length
Message id
FEC TLV
Label TLV
0
0
Type (0x0810)
length
Flags
Frequency
Reserved
Weight
PBS
Tp
time
Packet 1
Packet 2
PBS
Tp
time
Packet 1
Packet 2
Packet 3
Packet 1 goes through because of the token count containing enough bytes
Packet 2 is not as lucky! Itll be dropped or marked. Tp is not decreased.
Packet 3 goes through.
The token bucket mechanism permits the peak rate of the source to
exceed temporarily the PDR (like the CDVT in ATM)
PBS
Tp
time
Packet 1
Te
time
CBS
Tc
Packet 1
Packet 2
Packet 3
Packet 3
Packet 4
(marked)
(marked)
(dropped)
Res
F6
F5
F4
F3
F2
F1
Sender
Path
Path
Receiver
Resv
Resv
Path
Path
Resv
Resv
Three different reservation schemes are
possible, based on:
1. When multiple senders are transmitting to the
same receiver, a separate reservation for each
data flow or a single reservation for all the
data flows on a router is possible.
2. Explicit or wildcard: The list of senders is
explicitly stated by the receiver, or it is open
to any sender.
Connection-Oriented Networks - Harry Perros
93
The following reservation schemes have
been defined:
Wildcard-filter (WF) style
Fixed-filter (FF) style
Shared explicit (SE) style
Send_TTL
Reserved
RSVP length
2 bytes
1 byte
1 byte
Length (bytes)
Class-num
C-Type
Object contents
Length: A 16-bit field used to indicate the total length in bytes of the
object. It must be a multiple of 4, and at least equal to 4
Class-num: An 8-bit field used to identify the object class.
C-Type: An 8-bit field used to define the object type.
INTEGRITY (optional),
SESSION
RSVP_HOP
TIME_VALUES
POLICY_DATA objects (optional),
A sender descriptor consisting of the SENDER_
TEMPLATE and the SENDER_TSPEC
ADSPEC (optional).
The SENDER_TSPEC contains the traffic
parameters: token bucket rate, token bucket
size, peak data rate, minimum policed unit
(i.e., size of smallest allowable packet), and
maximum policed unit (i.e., size of
maximum allowable packet).
When requesting the controlled-load
service, the FLOWSPEC consists of the
receiver TSpec which contains values for
the parameters: token bucket rate, token
bucket size, peak data rate, minimum
policed unit, and maximum policed unit.
These parameters are used to calculate the
resource reservation in a router.
Connection-Oriented Networks - Harry Perros
110
FLOWSPEC contents for intserv
TOPICS
Main features of RSVP-TE
Service classes and reservation styles
The RSVP-TE new objects
The RSVP-TE Path and Resv messages
RSVP-TE extensions
Length (bytes)
Class-num
C-Type
Reserved
L3PID
C_Type 1
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
Length (bytes)
Class-num
C-Type
Reserved
L3PID
M
Res
Minimum VPI
Minimum VCI
Res
Maximum VPI
Maximum VCI
C_Type 2
L
Type
Length
IPv4 address
IPv4 address
Prefix length
Reserved