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2015 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATION OF POWER,ENERGY,INFORMATION AND COMMUNlCATlON

A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control


System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI myRIOand
Zigbee Network
Nguyen Tang Kha Duyl, Tran Trong Hieu2,Luong Hong Duy Khanh2
IDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Can Tho University, Vietnam
2,3Department of Automation Technology, Can Tho University, Vietnam
E-mails: {ntkduyl; tronghieu2}@ctu,edu,vn,khanhll1095@student.ctu,edu,vn3

Abstract-A versatile, low power solution in monitoring and is being applied in the industry. However, these models require
control system based on ZigBee network and National a huge initial investment cost(minimum of three hundred
Instrument (NI) myRIO is presented in this study. A ZigBee thousand USD to one hectare) and are only suitable for large
based wireless sensor network (WSN) combined with a series of scale farming businesses. Soonhee Han et al. has designed and
low power embedded MSP430 was used as a node in the system built an environmental monitoring system for aquaculture
to monitor, control the critical environmental conditions like
farms [3, 4, 5, 6]. However, this system is based on a wired
temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen. Besides that, NI myRIO was
network, so the transmission is not only problematic, but it is
used as a server to control all the sensor nodes in this system. NI
also difficult to expand.
myRIO is an embedded controller based on core Xylinx Zynq
with real-time performance. Moreover, a friendly Graphical User On the other hand, in recent years, there are many
Interface (GUI), programmed with LabVIEW, is designed to published works focused on wireless networks. Among these
collect, analyze and present data on the monitor for the end works, the so-called ZigBee network [7, 8, 9] draws much
users, makes it easy to use. The system also allows the end users attention due to the merit of reliable, low power network. It
to get updated data online from sensors based on Google adopts IEEE802.15.4 standards, and free global public
Spreadsheets application, to send alert message through SMS
frequency 2.4 GHz. It is currently regarded as one of the most
service to prompt user when needed or to monitor the system on
promising technologies to replace wired network because of
Android smartphone. Thus, a minimization of environmental
reliance, simple, small size and less expensive. In this work, a
fluctuations caused by sudden changes as well as manpower are
wireless sensor network is developed, applied to the
reduced. The proposed system has been successfully designed
measurement of temperature, humidity, and oxygen in the
with a reliable, fast response and easy to use with friendly GUI. It
environment shrimp ponds.The control platform consists of NI
is suitable for small to medium sized farming operations as it
does not require any refitting or reconstruction of the pond.
myRIO to control all the system[10]. One of the benefit of
myRIO is real-time performance and customization I/O. Then
Keywords-Aquaculture;CC2530; Lab VIEW; the friendly GUI is developed to achieve data from sensor
NImyRlO;Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN); ZigBee. network anywhere via web application as well as Android
application. The system is monitored real-time and can be
I. INTRODUCTION controlled manual or automatically.
In recent years, the development of technology has been The remainder of thiswork presents as follows. Section
rapidly improving and applying in aquaculture, also known as IIdescribes the system design. The hardware and routing
aqua-farming, in Mekong Delta in the south-east Vietnam. protocol development are proposed in Section III.The
However, shrimp farms were currently fed manually in almost experimental results are presented in Section IV. Then
household. A successfully shrimp farming depends on conclusion and suggestionare discussedin Section V.
management of the environmental factors such asstratified
water temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) levels in II. OVERALL SYSTEM
the water as well as good fundamentals such as good seeds and
An effective management of shrimp ponds is needed to
quality food [1,2]. Most of ponds currently were monitored
detect disease problems and to respond immediately before any
manually and irregularly, mostly according to the farmers'
uncontrollable issue [1]. Any changes of the environmental
experience. Besides of that, all procedures are done manually
factors such as weather, growing conditions, etc. will
when phenomenon occurs. Commonly, shrimp farmers use
contribute significantly to the health of the shrimp in the pond.
mechanical paddle-wheels that have to be turned on and off
Hence, monitoring these conditions takes an important role in
manually to slap, beat and churn oxygen into the surface of the
supervision the health of the shrimps. A WSN is an advanced
water. The system is operated manually based on experience
solution compared to traditional monitoring method. The entire
and not based on any actual measurement mechanism. Thus, it
systemof the proposed design is shown in Fig. 1. To support
costs a lot of time, manpower and money to run such
the scalability of the system, three models of sensor nodes are
mechanism. A number of shrimp farms closed and automation

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Nguyen Tang Kha Duy et al: A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI
myRIOand Zigbee Network

Figure 2. A full Mesh topology.



J.


..
."

Figure 1. Overview system architecture.

used in this system. A complete ZigBee network is established


by the ZigBee network coordinator. Each node is consisted of
sensor, MSP430 and CC2530 [11, 12].Firstly, a wireless
sensornetworkisbuilt to collect data information such
astemperature, Zig Bee Coordinator (FFD)

pH and oxygen from each pond.Following, the wireless


Zig Bee Router (FFD)

controlnetwork is used to control the oxygen pumping system Zig Bee End Device (RFD or FFD)
at each pond. Then, the sensor nodes as well as control nodes --Mesh Link
in each pond wirelessly communicate with the master station Figure 3. Mesh topology for the proposed monitoring and control system.
through a node called the cluster header. Finally, a
management station which is the heart of the system is built (b)
with high reliable device,NI myRIO. The wireless protocol
used to communicate between nodes in this system isbased on
the IEEE 802.11.4 standard with high security. The server with
database system to store data is the window system to interact
with the user through a friendly GUI programmed by
LabVIEW. When the system work, MSP430 acquires data
from sensors and displays on Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). At
the same time, the collected datawill be transmitted to the
server through CC2530 and displayed on the GUI built-in
LabVIEW. The data is sent to the base station in a time frame
consistent with each selected measurement parameter based on -':::::::."_1
material. This time frame can be appropriately changed Figure 4. (a) Block diagram of proposed sensor end node. (b) Proposed
according to the analysis on gathered environmental factors. sensor end node circuit deplovment.

through the alternative path. In this topology, the in-network


III. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTS
nodes are automatically routed to find the most efficient path
This work employs an existedcommunication protocol, and for transmission data in order to avoid packet drops. Thus,
proposed a hardware architecture and software development Meshtopology is usually referred to as "self-healing" and this is
for a smart shrimp monitoring. The detail in each topic is also the reason why Mesh topology is chosen for data
described as follows. transmission in thiswork.The Mesh topology with node types is
defmed as follows: (1) end devices (for sensor nodes and
A. Routing Protocol Design
control nodes); (2) routers (assigned for the cluster head at each
In thenetwork, the relationship between the nodes known as pond); and (3)coordinator (for base station node). Figure 3
the network topology is important. It determines functions, shows the structure of the Mesh network deployed in this
quality of communication between the nodes. Thus, choosing proposed design.
what kind of routing protocol is significantly affected to fmal
purposes. There are a lot of common topologies such as star B. Hardware Design
topology, tree topology, ring topology, mesh topology, etc. In Each end-node in the proposed system is consisted of two
this work, a full Mesh topology is efficiently implemented to common parts, a microcontroller and a radio chip. The
control all the nodes in the network topology as shown in Fig. variation hard ware implemented between each node is in
2.Compared to other topologies, Mesh topology has more accordance with the responsibility of the node and that such
advantages in increasing redundancy, reliable, as well as ease variation can be classified into four groups named (1) sensor
of troubleshooting. One of the primary benefits of the Mesh platform; (2) control platform; (3) cluster head platform; and
architecture is that if an intermediate device fails, or goes (4) management platform.
offline, or is busy, the data can still be transmitted or received

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0283
Nguyen Tang Kha Duy et al: A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI
myRIOand Zigbee Network ,
(a) (b)

J) The sensor end node platform


Figure 4a shows the entire block diagram of an employed
sensor end node in the proposed system and Fig. 4b shows the
development circuit of sensor node. The sensor module is used
for data acquisition offering three basic environmental sensing
parameters including temperature, pH level, and level of
dissolved oxygen. It is, however, noticed that types and data
transfer protocol of sensors can connect to the system is not
limited. Without limitation, the proposed system is promising
atremendous benefit in terms of flexibility and scalability. In
addition, the proposed system makes full use of low-power
chip MSP430 microcontroller which is a 16-bit ultra-low
Figure 5. (a) Block diagram of proposed control end node. (b) Proposed
power, 16KB of internal flash, 512B RAM, 1O-bit ADC, and 1
control end node circuit deployment.
USART. A MSP430G2553 microcontroller was used to collect
sensing information from sensor module. The collected data
was then sent to the cluster head by employing a CC2530 (b)
second generation ZigBee solution. The CC2540 radio chip is
also a low-cost, low-power solution provided by Texas
Instruments. In this platform, the communication between the
MSP430 and the CC2530 is relatively easy to integrate via a
serial interface. The MSP430G2553 and CC2530 combination
provides a low-power and low-cost solution for this work. For
temperature measurement, a temperature sensor DS18B20
made by Dallas [13]was used to acquire data from the ponds.
Based on datasheet of DS18B20 reports degrees C with 9 to
12-bit precision, ranging from -55 to +125C and the accuracy L'::.-::::-'
is 0.5C. It requires only one port pin (GPIO port) for
Figure 6. Block diagram of managment node platform.
communication. The acidity, or pH level, of the pond was
measured by an "Analog pH Meter Kit" [14]. The pH sensor
includes a 2 meters fixed cable with BNC connector and 3) The cluster head platform
provides a full range of pH measurement from 0 to 14pH. It The sensor end nodes and control end nodes at each pond
works well under a temperature range from 0 to 60C with a are grouped into a cluster in order to better support the
high accuracy of 0.1pH. The pH sensor was calibrated by scalability of the system. Each cluster is represented by a
using solutions with reference pH values of 4.7 and 10. One of cluster head and is simply built by combining a MSP430
the most important thing to affect health of shrimps is oxygen controller with a CC2530 radio chip. The cluster head is
level. Solution for measurement of DO is based on a dissolved responsible for transferring data between end nodes and
oxygen sensor from Atlas Scientific [15]. This sensor device management node, and vice versa.
consist of the Atlas Scientific EZO class embedded D.O.
4) The management node platform
circuit and a D.O. probe electrode. This sensorhas a high
The block diagram of management node as shown in Fig. 6
stability and accuracy. It provides a full range D.O. readings
is used to control the flow of data distribution, as well as data
from 0.01 to +35.99 mg/L and the accuracy is up to 0.2. It is
analysis and data processing within the ZigBee network. The
also supported two data protocols, UART and I2C; therefore, it
node is based on the National Instruments myRIO board as the
is compatible with any microcontroller that supports one of
main controller, a CC2530 radio chip to send requests and to
these two protocols. It also supports low-power applications
receive feedback from end nodes, a SIM900A module to
thereby reducing the power consumption on this device to only
communicate with the user. The collected sensing data can be
0.995 rnA at 3.3V.
displayed on the GUI built in LabVIEW by data transferring
2) The control end node platform via Wi-Fi. In particular, if the node detects any harmful change
In order to control the oxygen pump system more that can take effects on the habitat of the ponds, a warning
intelligent, the control end node platform was designed with signal would be generated through the alarm system and a
three parts: a MSP430 controller, a CC2530 radio chip, and a warning message is also sent to the responsible people. System
driver module. Fig. 5a shows the entire block diagram of can wait a short period of time (this time can be defmed by the
control module and Fig.5b show the proposed circuit control user) before sending commands to perform the method of
end node. This node is aimed not only to receive the control execution that corresponds to the problem was discovered.
commands from the management board but also to send the Specifically, in the present system, the system can perform
status of the pump system back to the management node. The tasks automatically turn on the pump to ensure the
key advance of the system is that the oxygen pump can be concentration of oxygen dissolved oxygen in the pond.
activatedor deactivated not only by timing or by user but also B. Software Development
by the analysis of the system on the levels of dissolved oxygen.

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Nguyen Tang Kha Duy et al: A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI
myOandLlgo ......z===..

LabVIEW and C language were used to develop the system


in this study. LabVIEW, one of powerful programming
language without complexity compared to traditional
development environment was used to monitor the system. A
GUI based on LabVIEW was built for the end users easy to
monitor and control. All sensor data can be displayed in table
form and waveform chart. These data can store on the system
up to 7 prior days.It is helpful for the users when some data is
needed to examine again. This parameters can be changed by
the users. On the other hand, the data received can be Figure 7. The user interface of monitor and control system.
compared to the predetermined threshold value to determine
that these received values are within or out of safe range. Then
the system is able to give the appropriate warnings for the users B. System PerformanceResult
when phenomenon occurs.The information is not only
The sensor data (temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen
displayed on the GUI but also sent to the user's personal
level) were often acquired every 2 hours in normal condition at
mobile phone with predefmed number. All sensor data are
each sensor end node. All predefined thresholds were set in the
display on the GUI as shown in Fig. 7. Those data can be
GUI system easily. If any of these observed conditions drops
controlled manually. For sending information to the users
below the threshold, the sensor sampling frequency will be
successfully when phenomenon happens, a VISA block was
changed to every 10 minutes. The system has been fully
used to program SMS block in LabVIEW. This VISA is an
operational for 4 months (from July to October, 2014), all
advantage, supported by LabVIEWin which the MSP430 and
environmental factors are acquired, stored, or prompt message
Module SIM 900A can communicate with each other via serial
when phenomenon occurs. The results are collected within one
port.For transfer sensor data between nodes, there are a lot of
day and are shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 9, and Fig. lO. As seen from
programming language to use for Internet of Thing (loT), a
power of Temboo [16] was used in this study. Compared to
Fig. 8, the temperature varied from 29C - 32 C of s m:imp
ponds. It is satisfied with the necessary for ShrlillP survival.
other languages were used for Internet of Thing (loT), this App
Temperature variation is about 0.50C. This value is suited
is easier, more efficient, and more creative.Sensor data are able
since the temperature sensor's accuracy is 0.5C with I-wire
to gather then uploaded to a Google Spreadsheet. Thus, the
digital 8 bits. Another important parameter is pH level fr
usersare able to read the data from anywhere in the world
optimal shrimp growth. Fig. 9 shows the range of pH level IS
through a web-based interfaces that are supported by Temboo to
7.2-7.3pH, variation 0.1 pH. Dissolved oxygen is necessary for
provide the ubiquitous interfaces to the shrimp farm data.
shrimp survival. The range of DO is 5.8 mg/L- 8.2 mg/L, it
varied 2.5 mg/L as shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 11 shows
IV. EXPERIMENT AL RESULTS
performance of system of monitoring where the system
A. Implementation System successfully trigger an automated notification message through
The proposed system has been successfully developed by SMS gateway as shown in Fig. 12 when any of these
using hardware, software and routing protocol. The data were conditions is out of safety range. In addition, the oxygen pump
carried out at an industrial shrimp farm in Bac Lieu province, system is also effectively activated or deactivated in
which is the second largest area, about 124.471 hectare, of accordance with the message from the authorized mobile phone
shrimp ponds in the Mekong Delta region until 12/2014. In this number.
work, two typical ponds were chosen to do experimental
data.A total of 23 nodes were wirelessly networked for
monitoring and control on two shrimp farms, 4800 square
meters each.

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Nguyen Tang Kha Duy et al: A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI
_. Zigbee Network
i!Il

thank toNguyen Dinh Tu and Tra Hoang Son who have


designed GUI on Android system.

REFERENCES
[I] Chris Robertson, "Australian prawn farming manual: health
management for profit," department of primary industries and fisheries,
[online document], 2006. Available: Australian Centre for International
Agricultural Research,http://aciar.gov.au/publication/copOOI [Accessed:
Aug 1,2014].
Figure II. Process of monitoring environment factors using android system. [2] My Duyen, "Bac Lieu: Shrimp farming in greenhouses," Youtube, Jul.
24, 2014 [Video file]. Available:

Temperature chart

34
G
32
e
30

28
'"

e
<l) 26
Q.
E 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
<l)
f-
Time (hour)

Figure 8.An example of temperature variation in the ponds in a hot day.

Figure 12. Alarms interface.


pH chart

7.35
V. CONCLUSION

This study has been successfully proposed a versatile, low


7.3 Al...................
power consumption solution to monitor and manage industrial 7.25
:r:
shrimp farm. The development system in which hardware Q. 7.2
include NI devices, Texas Instruments are high reliable, low
7.15
power consumption for the system. As can be seen that in
experimental result, the variation of temperature is 3C, it is 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

suitable for shrimp survival. In addition, variation of pH level Time (hour)


is 0.1 pH. With low level variation of pH level, it makes
shrimp's growth more easily. Finally, DO level is necessary for
Figure 9. An example of pH level variation in the ponds.
shrimp survival with variation 2.5 mg/L. Dissolved oxygen is
the most important environmental factor necessary for shrimp
survival. It is noted that this factor varies considerably between Oxygen chart
day and night time, while another factors such as temperature
and pH change marginally, so it need to be controlled
effectively for a successful shrimp farm. In this proposed work,
the system is a high reliable, ease-to-use and flexible to
implement system as it can be integrated into small and
medium sized shrimp farms with minimal modifications. In
addition, a friendly GUI is built to help the users manage all the 5

necessary farming factors resulting in increased production. 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23


The system also has high scalability for households or farming Time (hour)
businesses on a larger scale.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT Figure 10. An example of oxygen level variation in the ponds.

The authors also would like to thank to Mr. Huynh Huu


Hanh, the owner of theshrimp farm in Bac Lieu province who
allowed us to implement our proposed system in his ponds. We
also would like to give a big thank to Mr. Nghe Quoc Khai http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onZt9myfftA. [Accessed: Jul. 28,
who has funded partially this research work. The author also 2014].

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Nguyen Tang Kha Duy et al: A Versatile, Low Poweron Monitoring and Control System for Shrimp Farms Based on NI
myRIOand Zigbee Network

[3] S. Han, Y. Kang, K. Park and M. Jang. Design of Environment http://dfrobot.com/wikilindex.php/PH_meter(SKU:_SEN0161).


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11-13 Oct. 2007. Jeju City. Korea.
[16] Temboo. 'Texas Instruments +
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Technologies (FBIT 2007),pp. 889-893. degree in electronics and
[6] W. Cheng, 1. C. Chen, Effects of pH, temperature and salinity on telecommunications engineering from the Can Tho University
immune (CTU), Vietnam, in 2009, and the M.S. degree in electrical
parameters of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Fish engineering and computer science (EECS) from the National
and Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, in 2013. In late 2009, he
Shellfish Immunology,IO (4) pp. 387-391,2000. joined the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
[7] A. Mainwaring, J. Polastre, R. Szewczyk, and D. Culler, "Wireless (DET), CTU, where he is currently a Lecturer. His current
Sensor Networks for Habitat Monitoring ", Copyright 2002, Intel research interests include high-efficiency video coding
Corporation,June 2002.
(HEVC), scalable video coding (SVC, SHVC), VLSI design
[8] G H. Wang, D. Estrin, and L. Girod, "Preprocessing in a Tiered Sensor
for video coding.
Network for Habitat Monitoring," In EURASIP JASP Special Issue on
Sensor Networks,2003. Trong-Hieu Tran received the B.S degree in automation
[9] H. Soyoung and Y. Donghui, "Remote monitoring and controlling engineering from the Can Tho University (CTU),
system based on ZigBee networks," International journals of software Vietnam, in 2006. In late 2006, he joined the Department
engineering and its application,Vol. 6,No. 3,Jul. 2012. of Automation engineering, CTU, where he is a Lecturer.
[10] National Instruments, "NI myRIO," http://www.ni.com/myrio/ [Online]. Currently, he is a Ph. D student in the National Chiao
Available: http://www.ni.com/myrio/ [Accessed: Oct. 05,2014]. Tung University (NCTU), Taiwan. His research interests
include force/torque control, biomedical sensor, front-end
[II] Texas Instruments,"A True System-on-Chip Solution for 2.4-GHz IEEE analog IC design.
802.IS.4 and ZigBee Applications," CC2S30 datasheet, Apr. 2009
[Revised Feb. 20II]. Hong Duy Khanh Luong is pursuing his B.S. degree in
[12] Texas Instruments, "Mixed Signal Microcontroller," MSP430G2xS3 Mechatronics student at Department of Automation
datasheet,Apr. 2011 [Revised May. 2013]. engineering - Can Tho University (CTU). His research interests
[13] Maxim Integrated, "DS18B20 Programmable Resolution I-Wire Digital include force/motion,automatic control, and embedded system
Thermometer ",DSI8B20 datasheet,REV: 042208. applications.
[14] DFRobot, "PH meter (SKU: SENOI6I)," Aug. II, 2014. [Online].
Available:

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