Anda di halaman 1dari 164

This edition is supplemented with information on the

Singapore patent and invention landscape by the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore
CONTENTS
PREFACE

INVENTIONS
What are inventions?
How do we know when inventions were first invented?
Game Inventions of Ancient Civilizations
How are inventions invented?
Inventions improve our lives
Game Inventor Match-maker

PATENTS
What are patents?
Why are patents important?
When were patents invented?
Modern patent laws
How do inventors obtain patents?
When should an invention be patented?
What happens if an invention is not patented?
Are patented inventions protected worldwide?
Can there be different inventors for the same invention?
Patents are a wonderful source of information
The PCT Gazette
Game PCT Detective
BECOME AN INVENTOR
Identify a need or a problem
Research
Experiment and keep an open mind
Apply for a patent
Enter a competition
Commercialize your invention
Game Patent Journey

FINAL THOUGHTS

INVENTION JOURNAL

ANSWERS TO GAMES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

ONLINE SOURCES

NOTE TO TEACHERS
PREFACE
! "

! "

# $ $

% "
! "

# !
$ % $ & # " #
&
' ' $ "
INVENTIONS
What are inventions?

' # "
! "
$

( $
! " )*+, " - .
#
$
" "
/' ' 0" #
#
' 1
"

2
3 $ 4 & 3 #

)567 !

3 "
"
""
" " "
#

! # "
" ! # " " ! " !
%
(
* $ +

-" 8

" " # " 8

# "
)
How do we know when inventions were first invented?

9 "
# " $ :

" " -" "


"
"
"

% $ 3
" ; <
/ 0"
# = +++ 4( )=*+ "
)+ +++ 4( " - 2
! "
" "

: "
!
$ $
# " " "
"

! :
/ 0 ( $ #
"

$
"
: : : ,
: ( -
: !
7>++ ( # )+++
/ % 0 )? ( %.

# $

$
" " " " "
"

! "" # " $ ' 1<


- % $ "
%. % # " # /
0 - "

: @
3 $
@ %
/ 0
! # 9 "
@ "
- < 9 (
B 3 ' A
: ( -

:
! " "
" " !
#"
-
Game* Inventions of Ancient Civilizations

: . # " 8
3$
/ *

! 5
A%

( 0 1 4
D%
2 &
9

/$
B (

C: 66 " 4 : "' :#
.
How are inventions invented?

;
1

!
# " " # #

- " $

67 # * +

+ / 0

4 " " 1# " 3


" - " $
" " $
)*>7 )=
"
$ E #
"
6
7 & +

+ ! &8 9 1 :

),6+ )7 9 B "
$ ( " #
1 E # " $
" " - " "
" # ! " 9 : "

76
1

7 5 ' & $ & $ ' & $ +

* $ +

-" " "8

9 ( 4 #

( # ( :

4 ! A
66
7 /&& $ $ +

=
; <2:53

)=>) :" ' 9 #


" # :" 9 4
" " # ( "
# ' $
- # #

' #
" @
% $ " / "
" #0" # "
G
! F< (A "
)=6) "
& #

( @
& F< (A G
H. 4
. $ I
6
(7 5 * ' ' & +

; 8 8 5 !

; ; 1 "
9 " " #

"
! " " <

9 4 % "
% # 9 #
" "
" )==6 # " "
1 1

9
" " " "
! # "
"
"
" 1 1
3 $
75

9
" " 7+++ "
A $ %" <

6
( ! A $ %" <
)7 & & +

; " :

"
" $ : # "
(
$ $ 8
7+)+ ; $

7+++ :
(
9 #
)==+
(.1A J.F.

)=,+
3 #
6
Inventions improve our lives

" ! # #
# " "

* $ +

9# #

4 " " $

# D
(

# " " D
9

D
!

D
3 $
6(
> ? ; 0 8 *

" " "


" ! E "

"

( "" 8

' 3 1 #

% F "

' < "

"
:

< : " &

9 4 @

C: 6* "
6)
* $ +

( "
8

- $ D

. K ),=7 ' A .

@ K 3 ),6*

"
# "
$ " " "
6,
PATENTS
What are patents?

%&
!
"

$ & " "

$ & 5 &

$ &
$ & + 5 & +
L L " #
L$
L *
Why are patents important?

$ ' *" #
# #
$ " #

' $ &
& " ! # "
" " "
"

& ' & $


"
!
" # "
6-
"
"# " ! "# "
#

; : 9 <

. F "
- $ " " #
-

4 $ #
" :
. F " $ #" / " 0
#

#
. F # A #
. F " #
6++ 3 $ 7+++ B # :"
. F " )>,6
: " . F - < # % ;
#
? +++ : % . F
" #

! 1. F "
)5=5 % M2 E '
?++ . F #
# B " " " "
. F
" "
6.
* $ +

! # -" "

" " 8

When were patents invented?

)6 ( F "
9 F
)>5> "

! F " " " #


"
" "
! " 7+ "

% F
" "
"
" "
0 & '

9 "
/ 7+ 0 "
"

" " #

#
" :
" # $

@
/ 0
! "
" @

"
& !
"

$ &$
@ " #
6
How do inventors obtain patents? *

!
" " #

"
"
" 3 #
" D
&+AA'''"' & " A A A$ "B &

&

! D

)0 $ /&& CD 7 K9
# N
&
#

3 $

"

70 # K9 "
# "
"
$ "

* Please refer to page 68 to find out how you can apply for a patent in Singapore
4
#

& #
% " " # %
# $ & &

?0 ! & C# $ 7K9 "

" # "

3 $ "

7++)
1 4
B
O " 1

When should an invention be patented?

"
1

;$ "
" " !
$ #
"
E '
A
$
" -" #

"

#
8
# " E
" E " "

B
"/
0 %
$ "

"
"
"
# "

"
% " #
#
" " "
1
" ; "
P
What happens if an invention is not patented?

! "

" "
: "
# "

"

! " #
#

! #P

"
"
#
"
"

3 " "
"# " "
"
" "
(
+ 3 8 5 E 1

4 # % )=?+
% " "
# $ ! $ "
" " $
" $"
E #

9 : & # "
$" )=>* " "
9 $ " $
$ : " # " 1 $ % $

" "

3 9 # #
$
1 I 9 @
)=*+
1
1 1 9 )>
! 1 $ #

: 9 #
# " "
1 $ "
# # "
"

"
)
Are patented inventions protected worldwide? *

3 $ %
4 4
"
4 "
4

"
" "
4

$ 3
)=5+
" (
! / 5 0 ! # (! &
" )7+
! "

" @
(!
% (! D
&+AA'''"' & " A A A $ A& A& "&

,
* Please refer to page 69 to find out how you can apply for a patent outside Singapore
* $ +

(!8

% (! & "

! "
"
1 E

" 1
!

"

! @ /0 ' :" @
(!

"
-
F +

7* /)=5,17++>0

6
Can there be different inventors for the same invention?

- " "
E

!
" @

F +

% $ ' 4
3 )> ),5* "
< '
" - 4
" <
' "
.
Patents are a wonderful source of information *

% " "

"
( "

! # "
"

# "

" " # "


"

+ : E$

! < % "
) +++ "

!" ( - " 9 "<


2 7> ),5> !
! < " " " #

< $
-
"
@
),5= < "
"
* Please refer to page 70 for sources of patent information developed by the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore
The PCT Gazette

< " # '@


" # Q '@ 1
(!
!
/ " " 0
"
"
6
Game* PCT Detective

3 " # 1 (!
'@ " E "D
&+AA'''"' & " A& A A 8 "B &

G +
4 D
" #
# $

D
"

/)0 3 D
0 . 0 : " 1

' 9
2 :

C: 6= "
0 %" # 0 % " 4 @
! #

0% 1 # 0%
@ : B
;"R

0 %
0 %A @@ '
/70 : " E
! S
:

( " S 8
0 !" 1

:
(
0 3 " " " #
S D
0 A @ 0 - "

0 A @ 0 .
(
BECOME
%" T "
1% $ ' 4

9 # @

Q "
3 &

# ' H '
" " "
> 0 /'
2 & &
$ " ;" # "

I &

3 " D
)
AN INVENTOR
(1) Identify a need or problem

!
"

. " # 8
P

( # " # #
# "8 P

I $ +
! 0 @ 2 $ > J @ / B 0 $

! ( "
"
% $
" " "

7++> & & <U A%1


( ; (Q! ! "
"
! "
(
"
# "

( ( ; (Q! (
,
(2) Research

3
# "

Q $ #
3
. #

; I$ H $

; 1 1 Q R ( "
E 1 - "

R
- "

R 7++> " " @


/I:V6+ +++ 0 : < 3 R &

& R ?1.
@

( (
-
(3) Experiment and keep an open mind

& )+ +++ " " " #

2 "

1! % <

$ &
" # A # "
" $

% .
A
"

A # <$
" $ $ $
# " N
8
.
=
+ 8 #

)=*, . : : ?9 "

$ " # ! " # " "


"
# " :
)=5+ " " "

3 % 3 :
" # $ 3 "
# # #
3 : " # # # #
" " "
# " # P
! "

(
# " # " 1 G
!
" "
$ @
$
$

(4) Apply for a patent

?9
% "
" "
. P! $
" A
"
#
" #
"
Q (! ' @

# # "

I $ ; K : '

2 " #"
" ! "
# 2 #
" # #
2 % " " "
" 1
! "2
# " "
" #
< 2 " ! "
2 "
"

I: !
/ "
# 0 )==7

(
)) 2 " I: W6 +=> 6)6
3
6
(5) Enter a competition

< $ " "


%#

" !
"
"

Q " "

" "

A " " ! $

"
"
# ( E
" Q $
& ! #
" "
( "
" #
!

" ! #
"
" 3
" 9
"
"

+ 3
7++) )5 1 A " I:V6+ +++
: < 3 - 4 '
$
" "

! " " A

(
& ; ), 7++7 ! 9 @
A

(
#
D*

: < 3 / :<30
3 )=6+
( 9 I : %

&+AA'''" " A A

! < I ( Q :
! @ < (
<
1<
&+AA $ & " $" A A A $ A 1 "

Q %" : -" # % 3 < < A


" @

%
7+++
&+AA'''" " A AI /L "

<IA<B% K <$ A ;"!


! $ @ 4 (
( Q @
/ 76 0
&+AA'''" $ * 8 " A

<$ ;"! E
! :" 3 '
: ( ' % @
$ %" ' 9
4 Q
&+AA'''" 8 " A 8 1"
* Please refer to page 72 for invention exhibitions that are held in and around Singapore
(6) Commercialize your invention *

% " #

A #
(
"

( " #
" " # "
" "

% $
"
$ " # "
# #
Q : 4 4
" " @ "
Q # :
9 :@ < D &+AA'''"' & " A

E '
Q
K # @
" " #

4 @

(
* Please refer to page 74 to find out where you can seek assistance for your patent application or to commercialise
your invention in Singapore
I $ ; ! !

! ' " "

# ! : "

" "

: " " @
)==6 <I : :

" )==5 " -

: % /" "
0 "

: ( <$
/(< 0 ; G
" 76

"

( ; G %'
)
Game Patent Journey

A " "

& +

)0 3
>=

70 !# ( " " "


" " E " " "
" E

?0 ! " E " $
" " E #"
"
,
-
.

FINAL
THOUGHTS
@ "
"
-"
" #

" "
"

# "
"

I # "
"
" " P
(
INVENTION
JOURNAL
. " " D

)0

70

?0

>0

60
(6
A & .

/<$ D

<$ D
$ 0

)0 ;

70 ;

?0 ;

>0 ;

60 ;
(
<$
/4 $ "
!
3 $ D
$
0

" $ D
$ 8

-" 8
(
# " # 8
/ $ #
$
A # K $
80

-"" " #8

( # 8 "8 /B $ " #
0

' D

. D

Q D
(
ANSWERS
TO GAMES
Game Inventions of Ancient Civilizations

M ; % ( # @
% " # " 7+++
5 ! # " " "

3 " / ( 0 # $
" !
" & "

!* ; ! # " "
,+++ ! # " )=*+
I 9 3$ ! # "
# ! @
@ # # "

! ' ; ! <# / * "


7+++ ! " "
/ "0
! "
"" " ! " "
" " <# "
/ " " "
" 0

: $ ; ! # " " 7,+ 4(


% $ 2 & B " % $
" "
" " ! "
)7+ @ &
((
E ; ! # " "
% /$ )+ +++ 4 "
" ;" " "

; ! " # " "


4 # " 9 ! " 6+++
" " " " # /
" 0 & ! "
" " #
#

5 ; ! %@ 0 1
# $ 7+++ ! $ #" $

$ " " ! $ " : E


"
"

Game Inventor Matchmaker

> % ; $ & $
' 3
)5)> ! ' ' " )++
" 3
' 3 K
3 K" E

/ < ;
),++ ( % F
" - F
@ # #
< " "
# ! "
# " E
()
"
( F

: $ E ; '

% )71 3 4 4 ),7)
" (
4 1" (
)7
" (
)7 * 4 " )6
4 # " #

4 ),*, 4 " " "


" "

2 ! ' ; ' "


2 9 < : " " ),

" )5*7 < " &


" " !
# -
" #
" ! "
# "

0 E @ ; 8 *
' " 9 4 @ : " #
" "
/ " 0 :

"1 : $ "
(,
# #
-
" 9 4 @
" )=+, 9 )++
" 9 G
#

: ! $ ; $ B
: " 2 .
& ),?5 ! "
. 1 #
! & " # "
" ! "
# & "
4 & %

> 2 ; ' 8
" ),++ "
$ "
% ' <
$ 1 / ),,>0
1 / ),,,0
! B # " 1
)++ " #
< B #( !
"
# I < B # " Q
"
(-
Game PCT Detective

/)1 0 D /71 0 " 1 D


7++>J+*>+?6 +?J+5,))+
/)1 0 " 1 /71 0 " "

D " # D
++J>5+5? +?J+*,>66
/)1 0 " # S D

! # D /71 0 @ D
+7J+75>65 +)J57>5,
/)1 0 @ /71 0 @ D

;"R D +?J+)=>56
7++7J+*,7+= /71 0 "

/)1 0 A @@ D D 7++>J+6)>==
==J6,7)? /71 0 D

/)1 0 " 4 @ D +7J+5**,5


+?J+,*+=6
/)1 0 1 #

: B D +)J)+7*)
/)1 0 1

' D +?J+?>>**
(.
GLOSSARY
5 @ K!

5 & KA " #

9 K: $ " # "

$ & K "
#

K% "

$ & K% "
(

! 3 & K% "
(!

K' # " "

! & K% "
" # "

: K "

K% "
" "
)
9 & : 1%
#

KI @
"

: K% J

! K%

1! "

5 K! ( ! " "
)7+ " &

& 1! " # "

$ 9 K " # "
#

K!

K! @ I ;
@ '
)6
FURTHER
READING
The following free booklets published by WIPO provide further information
about patents and other forms of intellectual property. You can download
them at www.wipo.int/publications. You can also request a paper copy by
sending an e-mail to publications.mail@wipo.int.

Learn from the Past,


Create the Future:
Copyright Patents Trademarks The Arts and Copyright

Pub. No. 484 Pub. No. 485 Pub. No. 483 Pub. No. 935

Your At Home What is


Own World with Intellectual From Artist
of IP Invention Property? to Audience

Pub. No. 865

Pub. No. 907 Pub. No. 450 Pub. No. 922

Inventing Creative
the Future Looking Good Making a Mark Expression

Pub. No. 917 Pub. No. 498 Pub. No. 900 Pub. No. 918
62
SELECTED
BIBLIOGRAPHY
4 < " ' D D. B
)==)

. 2 A I < ! 9 4 # '
DA 7++)

< ( : 3 D )6 Q <I (
Q : )=,=17++? $ D
< ( 7++7

- ! 4 # D! : 4
9 D( 7++>

2 ; #! % ; " Q #D 4 4 # )==>

B 3 % :@ 9 4 ' OQ D 7+ ! : %
-"Q ( 4 Q
9 9;D 3 : )==6

B A ' # : <$ O
. 9 % A (!D
' " 7++>

B A ( % B ' # : <$ O. %

( D' " 7++?


)
( 9 ' D : ! E
( D< ! : - )==5

: 2 ' # : <$ O
. ), ( ( D' "
7++?

! # ! 4 PD ! : !" % B
( D- ( ( )==6

9 ' # : <$
O. )5 ( ( D' "
7++7

9 ' # : <$
O. )= ( ( D' "
7++?
)
ONLINE
SOURCES
% DN &+AA " $ " O

4 B 3 B DN &+AA'''" * *" O

< DN &+AA'''" " A AO

! ( : D
N &+AA " " A AO

19 ! D #% D
N &+AA' " " $A A 8 " O

: ( - : D9 %
N &+AA'''" " $A A $ $ A L AO
)(
NOTE
TO TEACHERS
!
& ! ! #
&
" 2 " "
""

!
"
/ $ D
$ "
1 1 0

: # "

3 E E * P' & "


))
67
86
WIPO Publication No. 925e/SG ISBN 978-92-805-1749-1
Inventions and patents (Singapore Office)

Anda mungkin juga menyukai