1. Explain the term Dislocations in relation to crystals.

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2. Why urea has a sharp melting point but glass does not ?
3. How do the structures of quartz and quartz glass differ from each other ?
4. Why the defects of the crystalline solids are called thermodynamic defects ?
5. When does the frenkel defect arise ? Give reason.
6. Mention the properties which is caused due to the presence of F-centre in a solid.
7. What is meant by point defect in crystals ?
8. Why is KCl sometimes violet instead of pure white?
9. What happens when ferromagnetic solid is heated ?
10. What happens when ferromagnetic Fe3O4 is heated to 850K ?
11. How may the conductivity of an intrinsic semiconductor be increased ?
12. Explain the nature of crystal defect produced when NaCl is doped with MgCl2.
13. How would you account for the following?
(i) Frenkel defect is not found in alkali metal halides.
(ii) Schottky defect lower the density of related solid.
(iii) Impurity doped silicon is a semiconductor.
14. Explain Schottky defect in ionic crystal. What type of compounds exhibit this ?
15. In a crystalline solid, anion B are arranged in a cubic close packing. Cations A are equally distributed
between octahedral and tetrahedral voids. If all the octahedral voids are occupied, what is the formula
of the solid ?
16. In a solid, oxide ions are arranged in ccp. One-sixth of the tetrahedral voids are occupied by the cations A
while one-third of the octahedral voids are occupied by the cation B. What is the formula of compound ?
17. Atoms of element B form hcp lattice and those of the element A occupy 2/3rd of tetrahedral voids.What is
the formula of the compound formed by these elements A & B ?
18. CsCl has cubic structure. Its density is 3.99 g/cm3. What is the distance between Cs+ and Cl- ions ? (1/33)
( At.mass of Cs = 133 u)
19. An element has a bcc structure with cell edge of 288pm. The density of the element is 7.2g/cm3. How many
atoms are present in 208g of the element? (1/34)
20. The density of copper metal is 8.95g/cm3. If the radius of copper atom is 127.8 pm, find copper unit cell is a
simple cubic, a bcc or a fcc ? ( At. Mass of Cu = 63.54g/mol). (1/35)
21. An element crystallizes in a structure having fcc unit cell of an edge 200 pm. Calculate the density if
200g of this element contains 24 x 1023 atoms. (1/37)
22. PbS crystal has NaCl structure. What is the distance between Pb and S in PbS if its density is 12.7 g/cm3?
+2 -2

(At.mass of Pb = 207) (1/37)

23. TlCl crystallizes in a cubic lattice whose edge length is found to be 385 pm. If the density of solid is found
to be 7 g/cm3 , predict the type of lattice to which the crystals of TlCl belong. (1/37)
( At.mass of Tl=204 , Cl= 35.5g/mol)
24. Calculate the value of Avogadros number from the following data : Density of KF = 2.48 g/cm3 , (1/36)
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Distance between K & F in KF = 269 pm. At.mass of K = 39 & F= 19 amu .
What makes Lithium to show properties uncommon to the rest of the alkali metals ?

Discuss the general characteristics and gradation in properties of alkaline earth metals.Why alkali metals?