TUTORIAL 1 SSCE 2193

1. A motor company has 18 used cars and 11 of them are accident-free. For the accident-free car,
the probability alarm system is not functioning is 0.3 and if the car was not accident-free, the
probability alarm system is not functioning is 0.6.

(a) Mr. Ahmad wants to buy 2 used cars for his children. Find the probability both cars are
accident-free.

(b) Mr. Osman also wants to buy 2 used cars. What is the probability that only one of them is
not accident-free.

(c) What is the probability that Miss Ani buys a car that is accident-free and its alarm system
is working?

(d) Ali wants to buy a used car. What is the probability that its alarm system is not functioning?

(e) The alarm system for a used car bought by Madam Sheely is not functioning. What is the
probability that it is accident-free?

2. A random variable X has a probability density function

k ; 0 x 1

f x x ;1 x 2
4

0 ; elsewhere

5
(a) Show that k .
8
(b) Find the cumulative distribution function F (x) for X .

(c) Find P(1/2 X 3/2).

(d) Find the expected value and variance for X .

3. An electronic product contains 20 integrated circuits. The integrated circuits are independent
of each other. The probability that any integrated circuit is defective is 0.03. The product
operates only when all integrated circuits work properly. What is the probability that the product
operates?

4. On average, IT Shop can sell 10 notebooks in 2 days. What is the probability they can sell

(a) 13 notebooks in 2 days?

(b) at least 17 notebooks in 3 days?
(c) not more than 19 notebooks in 4 days?

5. The weight of a 24 at screen LCD TV on market is normally distributed with mean 15 kg and
standard deviation 2 kg. The weight of a standard TV having the same screen width is also
normally distributed but with mean 31 kg and standard deviation 5 kg. What is the probability
that

(a) the weight of a at screen LCD TV is between 13 kg and 16 kg?

(b) the weight of 2 standard TVs is greater than 65 kg?
(c) the weight for 2 LCD TV is greater than the weight of a single standard TV?

6. Suppose 16 observations are as listed below:

14 15 23 50 36 25 29 42
35 27 18 33 48 19 22 15

Use a scientic calculator to determine the mean and variance for the above data. Now
assume that the data are sample data selected by random. Find the new mean and variance for
the data. Comment your answers.

7. 25 pieces of computer chips were tested and the proportion of any chip being
contaminated is 0.15. Find the probability that

(a) at most 6 chips are contaminated

(b) at least 20 chips are not contaminated.
(c) between 4 and 8 chips are contaminated.
(d) more than 2 chips are not contaminated.

A supplier delivers ten boxes, each containing 25 chips, to a customer. What is the probability
that the customer will receive at least two boxes containing at most two contaminated chips each?
8. The yield in RM from a days production is assumed to be normally distributed with a mean
of RM2000 and a variance of 2500 RM squared. What is the probability that
a) the production yield on any particular day exceeds RM2500.

(b) the production yield is less than RM1900 on each of the next two days,

assuming the yields on dierent days are independent random variables.

(c) 5% of a days production yield is considered protable revenue to the com-

pany. What is the daily minimum yield to be considered protable?
TUTORIAL 3 SSCE 2193 (Do no 3,4,5,9,10,15)

1. A random sample of size 32 is drawn from a normal distribution with mean 30 and standard
deviation 9. What is the probability that the

(a) sample mean is at most 26?

(b) sample mean is smaller than 33?

2. A random sample of size 41 is taken from a population which is Poisson distributed with mean
26. What is the probability that the

(a) sample mean is less than 27?

(b) sample mean is at least 29?

3. A random sample of size 16 is selected from a normal distribution with a mean of 92 and a
standard deviation of 11. Another random sample of size 12 is selected with mean 88 and
standard deviation 16. Find the probability that

(a) the dierence between the mean is more than 8?

(b) is less than by 18?

4. PVC pipe is manufactured with a mean length of 30.5 inch and a standard deviation of 2.8
inches. Find the probability that a random sample of n = 15 pipes will have a sample mean length
greater than 29 inches.

5. The probability that a machine produces defective parts is 0.02. A random sample of 15 parts
was taken.
(a) What is the probability that the sample mean is more than 0.5 if a random sample of size 4
was taken?
(b) What is the probability that the sample mean is less than 0.8 if a random sample of size 9 was
taken?

6. The mean amount of air blows from a JSM air conditioner is 5.5 m in a minute with standard
deviation of 1.2 m. For DGM air conditioner, the mean amount of air blows is 4.9 m in a minute
with standard deviation of 1.1m. 12 set of air conditioner from both type are selected to run a test.

a) What is the probability the mean air blows for JSM air conditioner is greater than DGM?

b) What is the probability that the dierence between mean air blows for both air conditioner is

less than 1?

7. The average weight a can of soda before the machine is service is 260 ml with standard
deviation of 11 ml. The average weight a can of soda after the machine is service is 250 ml with
standard deviation of 8 ml. 40 cans of soda before the machine is service was chosen at random
and 38 cans of soda after the machine is service was also chosen at random. Find the probability
the mean average weight a can of soda before the machine is service is at least more than the
average weight after the machine is service by 5.

8. The number of times Max photostat machine and JP photostat machine break- down follows a
Poisson distribution. An average of 8 breakdown were recorded for the Max photostat machine
during a randomly selected day. For JP Photostat machine, an average of 5 breakdown were
recorded during a randomly selected day.

(a) If a random sample of 15 days were taken, what is the probability that the mean number of
breakdown recorded in a day for Max photostat machine is more than 10?
(b) If a random sample of 20 days were taken,

i. what is the probability that the mean number of breakdown recorded in a day dier by less

than 4?

ii. what is the probability that the dierence between the mean number of breakdown recorded in

a day is at least 5?

9. 15% of the paperclips do not follow the companys specications. QA inspector took 1000
samples randomly for inspection, what is the probability that

a) less than 15% of the paperclips do not follow the companys specications?
(b) at most 12% of the paperclips do not follow the companys specications?
(c) more than 17% of the paperclips do not follow the companys specications?

10. A claimed was made that 98% of A4 papers produced by a company has a good quality. A
survey was done and a random sample of 1000 A4 papers was selected. Find the probability that
(a) more than 97% of A4 papers produced by a company has a good quality.
(b) between 97% and 99% of A4 papers produced by a company has a good quality.
(c) up to 99% of A4 papers produced by a company has a good quality.

11. A manufacturer claims that 34 of the electrical components was found to be non- defective.
250 electrical components were selected randomly. What is the probability that
 4
(a) at least of the electrical components was found to be nondefective?
5
37 39
(b) to of the electrical components was found to be nondefective?
50 50

7
(c) more than of the electrical components was found to be nondefective?
10

12. A safety engineer claims that of all industrial accidents are caused by the carelessness of the
employees. A survey is carried and randomly 250 of all industrial accidents were selected. What
is the probability that

1
(a) at most of all industrial accidents are caused by the carelessness of the employees?
4
1
(b) more than of all industrial accidents are caused by the carelessness of the employees?
5

9 11
(c ) to of all industrial accidents are caused by the carelessness of the employees
50 50

13. From previous record, 1.2% of machines in a manufacturing factory will be serviced at least
3 times in a month. A survey was done involving 100 machines. Find the probability of the
(a) proportion of machines in a manufacturing factory will be serviced at least 3 times in a month
more than 0.013.
(b) proportion of machines in a manufacturing factory will be serviced at least 3 times in a month
less than 0.09.
(c) proportion of machines in a manufacturing factory will be serviced at least 3 times in a
month not more than 0.10.

14. From previous experience, 35% of the microchips are defective. An engineer was asked to
investigate and solve this problem. He took randomly 500 samples of the microchips. Find the
probability of the
(a) proportion of the microchips are defective less than 0.36.
(b) proportion of the microchips are defective not more than 0.32.
(c) proportion of the microchips are defective between 0.33 and 0.38, inclusive.

15. A company produces component parts for two types of engines, DOHC and SOHC. They
claimed that 96% of the component parts for DOHC and 95% of the component parts for SOHC
meet specications. 100 random samples were selected from each component parts. What is the
probability that

(a) the proportion of the component parts for DOHC is less than the proportion
of the component parts for SOHC meet specications?

(b) the proportions dier by more than 0.5% meet specications?

(c) the proportion of the component parts for DOHC exceeds the proportion of
the component parts for SOHC meet specications by at least 1%?

16. A claimed was made that 10 out of 1000 laptops and 5 out of 500 desktops produced by a
company has been rejected. A survey was done and a random sample of 50 laptops and 40
desktops was selected. Find the probability that

(a) the sample proportion of the laptop is more than the sample proportion of the desktops has
been rejected.

(b) the dierence between the sample proportion of the laptop and the sample proportion of the

desktops has been rejected is at least 0.01.

(c) the sample proportion of the laptop is smaller than the sample proportion of the desktops has
been rejected by at most 0.005.

17. A manufacturer of CDs and DVDs players uses a set of comprehensive tests to access the
electrical function of its product. All disk players must pass all test prior to being sold. It was
4 3
found that of CDs player and of DVDs player failed the tests. A quality engineer was
200 200
asked to investigate the problems. 150 random samples were taken from each player. What is the
probability that

1
(a) the proportion dier by less than failed the tests?
100

(b) the proportions of CDs player is greater than the proportion of DVDs player failed the tests?
(c) the proportion of CDs player is less than the proportion of DVDs player failed the test by at
2
most
100

18. A manufacturer claims that his products produced by two dierent machines meet the

customers specications. An investigation occurred and it was found that some of the products
failed to meet the specications and has been rejected. From 450 items, 27 of them from machine
A and from 500 items, 25 of them from machine B failed to meet the specications and have
been rejected. 60 items from each machine were selected randomly.

What is the probability that

(a) the proportion of the items from machine A is greater than the proportion of the items from
machine B failed to meet the specications and has been rejected?

(b) the proportions dier by more than 1.5% failed to meet the specications and has been

rejected?

(c) the proportion of the items from machine B is less than the proportion of the items from
machine A failed to meet the specications and has been rejected is at least 1% ?
TUTORIAL 3 SSCE 2193 (do no 5,6,7,9,12,14)

1. When you construct a 90% condence interval for , what are you 90% condent about?

2. What happen to the width of CI if we increase the same size?

3. Can we consider the construction of condence interval be part of inferential statistics? Why?

4. For a data set obtained from a sample, n 49, x 102.5, and s 10.7
(a) What is the point estimate for ?
(b) Compute a 98% CI for .

5. A 90% CI for can be interpreted as follow, if we take 1000 random samples of the same
size and compute the condence interval each, then 900 of them
a. will contain b. will not contain c. will contain x

6. Carbonated drink bottles are lled by an automated lling machine. Assume that the ll
volume is normally distributed and from previous production process the variance of ll volume
is 0.005 liter. A random sample of size 16 was drawn from this process which gives the mean ll
volume of 0.51 liter. Construct a 99% CI on the mean ll of all carbonated drink bottles
produced by this factory.

7. A random sample of 12 wafers were drawn from a slider fabrication process which gives the
following photoresist thickness in micrometer: 10 11 9 8 10 10 11 8 9 10 11 12 Assume that the
thickness is normally distributed. Construct a 95% CI for mean of all wafers thickness produced
by this factory,

8. The following is the result for diameter of 10 bearings selected randomly from a production
process.
0.5061 0.5083 0.5058 0.5075 0.5049
 0.5071 0.5069 0.5097 0.5048 0.5037

Assume that diameter of bearing follows normal distribution.

(a) Construct a 90% CI for the mean of diameter of bearings.
(b) Construct a 95% CI for the mean of diameter of bearings.
(c) Comment on your interval estimates pertaining to their maximum error which is dened as
t , n 1
.
2

9. In integrated circuit manufacturing industry, a basic process is to grow an epitaxial layer on

polished silicon wafers. The wafers are mounted on a susceptor and positioned inside a specied
jar. Through the nozzles positioned near the top of the jar a chemical vapours are introduced. The
susceptor is rotated and heat at constant temperature is applied. The following are the thickness
of the epitaxial layers (in m ) at low deposition time and at 59% arsenic ow rate.

13.925 13.909 14.057 14.068 14.006 13.893 14.005

(a) Construct a 90% CI for the mean thickness of epitaxial layers assuming that the thickness of
epitaxial layer follows normal distribution with variance of 0.0050 m 2 .
(b) Construct a 90% CI for mean thickness of all epitaxial layers assuming that the thickness of
epitaxial layer follows normal distribution.
(c) Comment on the interval estimates based on their practicality.

10. Using data in question 9 and the following data on thickness of the epitaxial layers
at high deposition time and at 59% arsenic ow rate;

14.295 14.095 15.505 15.806 15.106 14.839,

construct a 90% CI on the dierence between means thickness of epitaxial layers assuming that
the thickness of epitaxial layers follow normal distribution with equal variances. Interpret your

CI and can you conclude that the true mean dierence is zero?

11. A quality inspector inspected a random sample of 300 memory chips from a production line,
she found 9 are defectives. Construct a 99% condence interval for the proportion of defective
chips.

12. A manufacturer of mobile phone batteries is interested in estimating the proportion of defect
of his products. A random sample of size 800 batteries contains 10 defectives. Construct a 95%
condence interval for the proportion of defectives.

13. A manufacturer of computer chips inspected a random sample of 1000 chips. The following
are the number of defects according to its type.

holes too small 90

holes too large 25
poor connections 10
chip oversize 2
chip undersize 1

(a) What is the point estimate of the proportion of defectives due to holes too small?
(b) Construct a 90% CI for the proportion of defectives for the production process due to holes
too small.
(c) What is the point estimate for proportion of defectives due to poor connection?
(d) Construct a 90% CI for the proportion of defectives for the production process due to poor
connection.
(e) If oversize and undersize chip can be classied as incorrect chip size, what is the point
estimate of the proportion of defect due to incorrect chip size?
Hence nd a 95% interval estimate for the proportion of defective items due
to incorrect chip size.

14. An optical rm is concerned about the variability of the refractive index of a typical glass
that he will grind into lenses. The refractive index follows approxi- mately normal distribution. A
random sample of 15 glasses is drawn from a large shipment which give a variance of 1.5 104
refractive index. Construct a 95% CI for the standard deviation of refractive index of all glasses

15. A mechanical engineer in a car manufacturing company is investigating two types of bumper
guards. A random sample of 6 guards from each type were mounted on a compact car. Each car
was then run into a concrete wall at 8km per hour.

The following are the costs of repairs (in RM):

Bumper guard 1 : 305 420 363 485 300 360
`Bumper guard 2 : 405 345 336 450 400 360

a) Construct a 90% CI for the mean cost of repairs using bumper guard 1. State 3 conditions in
constructing the CI.

(b) Assuming that all conditions in part (a) are satised, construct a 90% CI for mean costs of
repairs using bumper guard 2. What can you observe from these CIs?

(c) Assuming that the variances of cost of repairs are equal, construct a 95% CI on the mean

dierences of cost of repairs.

(d) What is the point estimate of the variance of cost of repair for bumper guard 1? Construct a
95% CI for variance of cost of repair for bumper guard 1.
(e) What is the point estimate of the standard deviation of cost of repair for bumper guard 2?
Construct a 95% CI for the standard deviation of cost of repair for bumper guard 2.

(f) Find a 90% CI for the ratio of two variances for cost of repairs.