Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation

Leg, Ankle and Foot

Anterior Fascial Compartment
Tibialis Anterior Lateral surface of Base of 1st MT & Ankle joint DF DPN
shaft of tibia & IM med cuneiform Transverse Tarsal &
subtalar joint
Inversion
Extensor Ant surface of Extensor DF + Ext of lateral four DPN
Digitorum Longus shaft of fibula expansion of lat toes
four toes
Peroneus Tertius Base of 5th MT DF + Eversion DPN
bone
Extensor Hallucis Base of distal DF + Inversion + Big DPN
Longus phalanx of hallux toe ext
Extensor Calcaneum Proximal phalanx Ext of medial four DPN
Digitorum Brevis of 1st-4th toes toes
Lateral Fascial Compartment
Peroneus Longus Lat surface of Base of 1st MT PF + eversion SPN
shaft of fibula bone & medial
cuneiform
Peroneus Brevis Lateral surface of Base of 5th mt PF + eversion SPN
shaft of fibula
Posterior Fascial Compartment (superficial group)
Gastrocnemius Lat head: lateral Via Achilles Knee flex + ankle PF TN
femoral condyle tendon into post
Medial head: surface of
above medial fem calcaneum
condyle
Plantaris Lateral Posterior surface Knee flexion + ankle TN
supracondylar of calcaneum PF
ridge of femur
Soleus Posterior surface Via Achilles Ankle PF TN
of shafts of tendon into
tibia(soleal line) calcaneum
& fibula
Posterior Fascial Compartment (deep group)
Popliteus Lateral surface of Post surface of Unlocks the knee TN
lateral femoral shaft of tibia Knee flexion + IR
condyle/ Lateral above soleal line
meniscus
Flexor Digitorum Posterior surface Base of distal Ankle PF + lateral four TN
Longus of shaft of tibia phalanges of lat toes flexion
four toes
Flexor Hallucis Post surface of Base of distal Ankle PF + foot TN
Longus shaft of fibula phalanx of great inversion
toe
Tibialis Posterior Post surface of Navicular Ankle PF + inversion TN
 shafts of tibia and tuberosity & surr.
fibula Bones
(cuneiforms,
cuboid, bases of
2nd-4th MT)
Thorax
Diaphragm Xiphoid process; Central Tendon Pulls down its Phrenic (C4, C5,
lower 6 costal central tendon and C6)
cartilages; first 3 increase the vertical
lumbar vertebrae diameter of the
thorax
used in abdominal
straining & weight
lifting
External Inferior border of Superior border W/ 1st rib fixed, Intercostal nerves
Intercostal rib of the rib below raise ribs during
inspiration & increase
AP & lat diameter of
thorax
Internal Inferior border of Superior border W/ 12th rib fixed by Intercostal nerves
Intercostal rib of the rib below abdominal mm, lower
ribs during expiration
Innermost Adjacent ribs Adjacent ribs Assists ext & int Intercostal nerves
Intercostal intercostal mm
Levatores Transverse Rib below Raises the rib Posterior Rami of
Costarum Processes (C7- below Thoracic Spinal
T11) NN
Serratus Posterior Lower Cervical Upper Ribs Elevates the ribs Intercostal Nerves
Superior and Upper
thoracic spines
Serratus Posterior Lower thoracic & Lower Ribs Depresses the ribs Intercostal Nerves
Inferior Upper lumbar
spines
Muscles of the Anterior Abdominal Wall
External Oblique Lower 8 ribs XLIPP (xiphoid Unilat: I/L lateral T7-T12 nn,
process, linea Flex and C/L Rotation iliohypogastric &
alba, iliac crest, Bilat: Trunk Flexion ilioinguinal nn
pubic tubercle & supports abdominal
crest) contents; assists in
forced
expiration,micturition,
defecation, parturion
&vomiting
Internal Oblique LIL (lumbar fascia, XLLS (Xiphoid Unilat: I/L lat flex & T7-T12 nn,
iliac crest, lateral process, linea rotation iliohypogastric &
2/3 of inguinal alba, lower 3 ribs Bilat: Trunk flexion ilioinguinal nn
ligament) and costal as above
 cartilages & (abdominal
symphysis pubis) contens,etc.)
Transversus ILLL (iliac crest. XLS (xiphoid Compresses the T7-T12 nn,
Abdominis lower 6 costal process, linea abdominal contents iliohypogastric &
cartilages, lumbar alba & symphysis and helps in trunk ilioinguinal nn
fascia, lateral 1/3 pubis) rotation
of inguinal lig) For lumbar stability
(pts w/ LBP)
Rectus Abdominis Symphysis Pubis Xiphoid process Bilat: Trunk Flexion T7-T12 nn
& pibuic crest & 5th-7th costal compresses abd.
cartilages contents
Pyramidalis - - Tenses the linea T12 nn
alba
Muscles of the Posterior Abdominal Wall
Quadratus TII (Tips of T. 12th rib Fixes 12th rib during Thoracic spinal
Lumborum processes of inspiration nerves T12 &
lower lumbar Depresses 12th rib lumbar spinal
vert. , iliolumbar during forced nerves L1-L3 or
lig, iliac crest) expiration L1-L4 (tortora)
Unilat: I/L lat flex &
hip hike
Bilat: Trunk
extension
Psoas T processes, Lesser troch Thigh Flexion Lumbar Plexus
bodies & IVD of CKC: Trunk flexion (L1-L3;Snell)
12th thoracic and
5 lumbar vert.
Iliacus Iliac Fossa Lesser troch Thigh flexion Femoral Nerve
CKC: trunk flex
Pelvic Floor Muscles
Levator Ani Body of pubis, Perineal body; Supports pelvic Pudendal (S3-
fascia of anococcygeal viscera, sphincter to S4;sir); S4 and
obturator body; walls of anorectal junction & pudendal nn
internus, spine of prostate, vagina, vagina (Snell)
ischium rectum & anal
canal
Coccygeus Spine of ischium Lower end of Assists levator ani to Pudendal (S3-S4;
scarum; coccyx support pelvic viscera; sir); S4-S5 (snell)
flexes coccyx
PelvicWall Muscles
Obturator Inner surface of Greater Hip ER Nerve to
Internus Obturator Trochanter Obturator
membrane & surr Internus
bones
Piriformis Ant surface of Greater Hip ER Nerve to
sacrum trochanter Piriformis