CMPD 233: MULTIMEDIA

TECHNOLOGY
CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA
Objectives

At the end of this chapter, students should be able to:

define basic terms and concepts related to
multimedia technologies
understand the history and evolution of media and
multimedia technologies
distinguish between the types of linear and non-
linear multimedia systems
state the four (4) characteristics of multimedia
system
History Of Multimedia

What can we say about the

evolution of media that has
taken place for thousands of
years?
Since the dawn of time,
people have had the need to
communicate with one
another
This created what we called
as communication media
http://www.december.com/present/mediaev.html
History Of Multimedia

A printing press was invented by the German

Johannes Gutenberg 1440
The newspaper in its modern form begin in
1500 -1600 and is called gazzettes
(newssheets)
Charles Babbage then created Mechanical
computer in 1837.
History Of Multimedia

In 1879 Thomas Edison granted the

patent of photograph
Steamboat Willie is a 1928
American black and white animated
short film directed by Walt Disney
and Ub Iwers. This debut Mickey
Mouse and Minnie
The age of the computer begin. In
1952, IBM 701 was the first
electronic computer that use
vacuum tubes, ram punch card and
was the size of a piano.
In 1972 the first commercial video
5
game was release by ATARI inc
called PONG.
 Multimedia

The notion of Multimedia

Consists of two words:
Multi (Latin)= many; much;
Medium (Latin) = An intervening substance through
which something is transmitted or carried on.
 What is Multimedia?

Multimedia can be any combination of text,

graphics, sound, animation and video, to
effectively communicate ideas to users
delivered by computer or any other electronic
devices.
 What is Multimedia?
(Other definition)

Multimedia is any combination of text, art,

sound, animation, and video. It is delivered to
the user by electronic or digitally manipulated
means. A multimedia project development
requires creative, technical, organizational, and
business skills.
Tay Vaughan
Multimedia : Making it work
7th Ed.
 What is Multimedia?
(Other definition)

Multimedia is the presentation of a (usually

interactive) computer application,
incorporating media elements such as text,
graphics, video, animation and sound on
computer.
Stephen McGloughlin
Multimedia: Concepts & Practice
Multimedia Building Block

Digital
environment

USER

Elements of Multimedia
 Why Multimedia?

Ease of use
Intuitive Interface
Immersive experience
Self-paced interaction and better retention
Better understanding
Cost effectiveness
More fun = greater efficiency
 Cone of Learning

Multimedia has a number of distinct and unique features,

including:
Based on Edgar Dale (Cone Of Learning), on average, people
remember:
10% of what they read,
20% of what they hear,
30% of what they see,
50% of what they hear and see, multimedia approach

multimedia rich elements, multi-sensory delivery system can

facilitate greater retention of new knowledge
The Cone of Learning Edgar Dale (1969)
After 2 weeks, we tend to remember

Reading 10% of what we READ P

A
S
Hearing Words 20% of what we HEAR S
I
V
Seeing 30% of what we SEE E
Watching movie, looking at 50% of what we SEE &
exhibit, watching demo,
HEAR A
seeing it done on location
C
Participating in the discussion 70% of what we T
giving a talk SAY I
V
Doing a dramatic presentation, Simulating 90% of what E
the real experience, Doing the real thing we SAY & DO

"The Cone of Experience" from Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching, Third Edition, by Edgar Dale,
copyright 1969 by Holt, Rinehart, Winston, Inc.,
 Types of Multimedia

Linear Multimedia
Users have very little control over the
presentation

Nonlinear/Interactive Multimedia
Users dictate the flow of delivery. User
control the flow of the show.
 Types of Multimedia:
(1)Linear Multimedia

The users sit back and watches the presentation

The presentation normally plays from the start to
end or even loops continually to present the
information.
A movie is a common type of linear multimedia
 Types of Multimedia:
(2)Interactive Multimedia

The users control the delivery of elements to control

the what and when. Users have the ability to move
around or follow different path through the information
presentation.
Advantage: complex domain of information can be
presented.
Disadvantage: users might lost in the massive
information highway.
Useful for: information archive (encyclopedia),
education, training and entertainment.
 What is a Multimedia Project?

The software vehicle, the messages, and the content together

constitute a multimedia project.
A multimedia project shipped to end-users with or without
instructions is called a multimedia title.
A project can also be launched on the Web.
Authoring tools are used to merge multimedia elements into a
project.
These software tools are designed to manage individual
multimedia elements and provide user interaction.
Delivering and Using Multimedia

The primary media (storage) for delivering multimedia

projects are:
Compact disc read-only (CD-ROM).
Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) / Blu-ray Disc
Multimedia Projects can also be delivered online
(webs) and through PDAs/Hand-held Devices
Delivering and Using Multimedia :
(1) CD-ROM

CD-ROM is the most cost-effective distribution

medium for multimedia projects.
It can contain up to 80 minutes of full-screen video or
sound.
CD burners are used for reading discs and converting
the discs to audio, video, and data formats.
 Delivering and Using Multimedia :
(2) DVD / Blu-ray

Multilayered DVD technology increases the capacity of current

optical technology to 18 GB.
DVD authoring and integration software is used to create
interactive front-end menus for films and games.
DVD burners are used for reading discs and converting the disc
to audio, video, and data formats.
BD Blu-ray disc (Blu-ray Disc Association BDA)
next-generation format for high-definition video and high-density data.
A single-layer disc can fit 23.3, 25, or 27 GB (enough for approximately four
hours of high-definition video with audio)
 Delivering and Using Multimedia
(3) Online

Multimedia can be delivered online

Copper wire, glass fiber, and radio/cellular technologies also
serve a means for delivering multimedia files across a network
Online uses include:
Books and magazines, Education
Movies, Entertainment
News and weather
Maps
 Application of Multimedia

Business - Presentations training, marketing, advertising,

product demos, databases, catalogues, instant messaging,
networked communication.
Schools - Educational software can be developed to enrich the
learning process.
Home - Most multimedia projects reach the homes via
television sets or monitors with built-in user inputs.
Public places - Multimedia will become available at stand-alone
terminals or kiosks to provide information and help.
 Multimedia Applications

Examples of Multimedia Applications:

Digital video editing and production

systems
Electronic Newspapers/Magazines
Games
Groupware
Home shopping
Interactive TV
Multimedia courseware
Video conferencing
Video-on-Demand (VoD)
Virtual reality
 Multimedia System Characteristics

Multimedia systems must be computer controlled.

All multimedia components are integrated.
The interface to the final user may permit
interactivity.
Information must be represented digitally.
 Overlapping Technologies

Different branches of multimedia grow together

because of new, upcoming multimedia technology
and applications.
Two challenges lie ahead:
Timing requirements (synchronization etc.)
Integration requirements (of different media types)
 Summary

Multimedia is the combination of text, graphics, sound,

animation and video, to effectively communicate ideas to users
delivered by computer.
Multimedia projects can be linear or nonlinear.
Multimedia projects are often stored on CD-ROM or DVDs. They
can also be hosted on the Web.
Multimedia is widely used in business, schools, public places,
and at home.
 References

Vaughan Tay. Multimedia: Making It work. 7th Edition.

McGraw Hill
McGloughlin Stephen. Multimedia: Concepts and
Practice. Prentice Hall