Ethics PDF
Ethics PDF
CourseManager:DrFaridEzaneeMohamedGhazali
Lecturer:
Assoc.Prof.Ir.Dr.MohdNordinAdlan
PartTimeLecturer(2)
NO.
COURSEOUTCOME(CO)
Introducetheprincipaltheoriesrelatedtoengineering
1 ethics,basiclaw,basicaccountingandbasic
management
%achieve
Practicetherealunderstandingonthefundamental
theoreticalprinciplesrelatedtoengineeringethics,
2
basiclawforengineers,engineeringaccountingand
basicmanagement
%achieve
Appreciatetheimportanceoftheprincipaltheories
3 towardstheactualindustrialpractice
KAEDAH
BIL. HASIL PEMBELAJARAN KURSUS PO LT SS
PENILAIAN
1
1
1
science and engineering
100
PO1
fundamentals .
Acquired in-depth technical
PO2
competence in civil engineering
Ability to undertake problem
PO3
identification and solution
Ability to utilize systems
operational performance
Understanding the principles of
design for sustainable
PO5
development
Understanding of professional
1
1
1
and ethical responsibilities
100
PO6
PROGRAM OUTCOME
commitment to them
Ability to communicate effectively,
not only with engineers but also
PO7
engineer
Recognizing the need to
undertake life-long learning and
1
1
100
to do so
ENGINEERS
Engineers work to develop economical and safe
solutions to practical problems, by applying
mathematics and scientific knowledge while
considering technical constraints.[1] [2] The term
is derived from the Latin root "ingenium,"
meaning "cleverness".[3] The industrial revolution
and continuing technological developments of the
last few centuries have changed the connotation
of the term slightly, resulting in the perception of
engineers as applied scientists. The work of
engineers is the link between perceived needs of
society and commercial applications.
REGULATION
In Continental Europe and Latin America and
also in Turkey, the title is limited by law to
people with an engineering degree, and the use of
the title by others (even persons with much more
work experience) is illegal.
In Italy the title is limited to people who, besides
holding an engineering degree, have passed a
professional qualification examination (Esame di
Stato).
In Portugal, professional engineer titles and
accredited engineering degrees are regulated and
certified by the Ordem dos Engenheiros.
In the Czech Republic the title "engineer" (Ing.) is
given to people with a (master) degree in
chemistry, technology or even economics (due to
historical reasons and tradition).
In Greece the academic title of "Diploma
Engineer" is awarded after completion of the five
year engineering study course and the title of
"Certified Engineer" is awarded to those that
have completed the four year course of
engineering studies at a Technological
Educational Institute (TEI).
Laws exist in the U.S., in Canada and in South
Africa that limit the use of specific engineer
titles, particularly the title of "Professional
Engineer.
However, most engineers in the U.S. do not
become professional engineers.
Titles indicating a specific, regulated branch of
engineering, such as "civil engineer" or
"mechanical engineer" are also regulated.
Most U.S. states prohibit unlicensed persons
from calling themselves an "engineer" or
indicating branches or specialties not covered by
the licensing acts.
The IEEE's formal position :
"The title, Engineer, and its derivatives should be
reserved for those individuals whose education
and experience qualify them to practice in a
manner that protects public safety. Strict use of
the title serves the interest of both the IEEE-
USA and the public by providing a recognized
designation by which those qualified to practice
engineering may be identified. The education and
experience needed for the title, Engineer, is
evidenced by:
Graduation with an Engineering degree from an
ABET/EAC accredited program of engineering (or
equivalent*), coupled with sufficient experience in the
field in which the term, Engineer, is used; and/or
Licensure by any jurisdiction as a Professional
Engineer.
A degree from a foreign institution (or the total
education when one person holds a graduate degree
in engineering but no accredited B.S. in engineering)
can be evaluated through a service offered by ABET.
Despite these laws, many individuals with no formal
education in engineering are still often called
engineers because of a history of engineering work.
Because Canada regulates the use of the titles
"engineer" and "engineering" in law the legal
situation regarding the use title of "engineer" in
Canada is aggressively enforced.
ENGINEERS MUST HAVE THE SKILL SET AND
METHODOLOGY TO PROBLEM SOLVE, INCLUDING
SOFT SKILLS.
Self motivated.
Enthusiasm to learn about emerging technologies,
hardware, software and applications.
Logical approach to problem solving and
troubleshooting.
Detail oriented.
Quick thinking.
Calm under high pressure situations.
Good oral skills.
Leadership skills - organizing and motivating a group
of engineers.
Drawing skills - to draw graphical workflow diagrams
or CAD schematic drawings.
Training and mentoring skills - To train and mentor
junior or fellow engineers or operational staff.
ETHICS
Ethics (also known as moral philosophy) is a
branch of philosophy which seeks to address
questions about morality; that is, about concepts
like good and bad, right and wrong, justice,
virtue, etc.
Major branches of ethics :
prudence: (phronsis)
fortitude: (andreia)
justice: (dikaiosyn)
603-7684001/2
603-7577678
HISTORY OF IEM
The story of the Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) begins with the
nation's independence. The Institution, born exactly 20 months after
Merdeka - on May 1, 1959 - has had a marked influence on the engineering
profession in the country.
Back in 1951, the Building By-laws stated that only those who were
registered under the Architects Ordinance 1951, could submit plans to the
Local Authorities, but engineers are not allowed to submit building plan.
They are only allowed if they registered under Part II of the Architects
Ordinance, but this created unsatisfactory feeling. There was a strong need
for an Institution to cater the interest of engineers.
From 1951-59, the activities of engineers were organised under the joint
group of ICE\I Mech E\IEE. The Institution of Engineers was formed in1959
with the objective of advancing the engineering profession. In order to unite
all engineers in the country, the Institution has been working towards the
registration of engineers since its establishment. In 1967, the Engineers
Act was passed with the provision that to register as a Professional
Engineer, one must first be a Corporate Member of the Institution.
HISTORY OF IEM
History of the Institution
At first, to be granted admission to Corporate Membership, one needs only to
have five years working experience as an Engineer regardless of what
capacity. Later, the Constitution was amended and Professional Interview was
introduced. This was to ensure that only engineers having the relevant
experience would be admitted to Corporate Membership and could register as
a Professional Engineer.
It has grown and matured with the nation and its people. It started out with
only 60 members. Over the past two and a half decades, its membership has
increased more than a hundred-fold to almost 15,000 today, making it one of
the largest professional bodies in Malaysia.
The close rapport between the IEM and the government has been
strengthened over the years. The tangible result of the Government's
recognition of IEM was when it accepted qualification for certain posts in the
civil service. Besides gaining Government backing, IEM also received its first
international recognition when it was admitted into the Commonwealth
Engineering Council in 1962.
PAST LEADERS
No history is complete without the people making it. Similarly, IEM has had
numerous dedicated and selfless leaders and members who made many
sacrifices to nurture and build up the Institution to what it is today - a proud
symbol of all engineers in Malaysia.In its 40 years of existence, IEM has
had the services of 23 Presidents. They represent various engineering
disciplines.
The founder President was Ir. Tan Sri Yusoff Haji Ibrahim who served a
four-year term. He was succeeded by another able leader, Ir. Raja Tan Sri
Zainal bin Raja Suleiman, who was then the General Manager of LLN. (now
known as TNB). Twenty-one other Presidents came after him and each in
his own way left an indelible mark on the IEM and shaped its destiny.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives and purposes of which the Institution is constituted are to
promote and advance the theory and practice of engineering in all its
disciplines and to:
raise the character and status and advance the interests of the profession;
increase the confidence of the community in the employment of recognised
engineers by admitting to the Institution only such persons who have
adequate knowledge of both the theory and practice of engineering.
promote honest practice, prevent malpractice and settle disputed points of
practice and ethics;
collect and disseminate engineering information;
arrange lectures, exhibitions and conferences, seminars, courses;
encourage the study of engineering and improve the general and technical
knowledge of persons engaged in the profession;
originate and promote improvements in legislation and its administration by
deputation, submissions and representations.
LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL AFFILIATIONS AND RECOGNITION
Over the years, IEM has gained recognition not only locally but also
internationally.
Under the Section 15 of the Engineers Act 1967, the Board may order the
cancellation of the registration of any engineer, if:
1. He is guilty of fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude;
2. The accepts of illicit commission;
3. Failed to disclose to his/her client any vested financial interest in dealings with
the client.
There are other grounds for de-registration but these are not related to ethics.
Mechanical engineers are not limited in their employment to only one or two
industrial sectors, and job openings for mechanical engineers comprise an
unending range of opportunities. The education of a mechanical engineer covers
a broad range of topics including the mechanics of materials, machine dynamics,
thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, automatic control and computer-aided design.
In addition to the traditional role of mechanical engineers in the development of
machinery, the graduates are increasingly taking a role in the development of
robots for advanced manufacturing systems, in automation of industrial
processes, in naval architecture and in bioengineering.
TECHNICAL DIVISIONS
There are six grades of members, viz. Honorary Fellows, Fellows, Members,
Graduates, Students and Affiliates, of which the first three are corporate grades,
i.e. they have been recognised by the Institution as qualified and experienced
professional engineers. The Honorary Fellows are also awarded to non-
engineers, who are prominent and have contributed to the development of
engineering and sciences. Y.B. Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamed is one such
Hon. F.l.E.M). The requirements for these grades are:
Honorary fellow: Honorary Fellow shall be a distinguished person of
acknowledged eminence whom the Institution desires to honour for services
rendered to the engineering profession. Honorary Fellowship shall only be
conferred by the Council.
Fellow: There shall be no direct admission to this grade. Admission shall only
be by transfer from the grade of Member. To be eligible for transfer to the grade of
Fellow, a Member shall have satisfied the Council that he is worthy of transfer to
this grade.
Member: A Member, at the time of his advancement or election to this grade,
shall have satisfied the Council that he has attained such standard as set by the
Council to testify to his proficiency as a professional engineer, and that he is
worthy of election as Member.
MEMBERSHIP GRADES
Annual Subscription
The annual subscription payable by membership wherever resident, shall be
as follows:-
Fellows RM 185.00
Members RM 110.00
Affiliates RM 110.00
Graduates, who on the 1st Jan. have attained the age of 30 RM 110.00
have not attained the age of 30 RM 70.00
Students, who on the 1st Jan. have attained the age of 24 RM 70.00
have not attained the age of 24 RM 20.00
Notwithstanding the above, any student member who has attained the age of
24 years and can produce evidence that he is still a bona fide student of an
institution of higher learning or that he is registered for the Institution's
Graduate Examination shall pay the same rate as a Student member below
the age of 24.
FEES AND ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS
Fellow
Entering this grade shall be only by transfer from the grade of member
A member for transfer must not be less than 35 years of age and
-who have served as Corporate Member of IEM of not less than 5 years
employment in position of major responsibility in planning, design, execution or
management of important engineering work
-Is in a responsible position in his organization and has occupied a prominent
position in the profession of engineering , and has either made noteworthy
contribution to the science of engineering or materially advanced the practice of
engineering
Affiliate
Student
- A student shall be a person who is not less than 17 years of age
- The student should be studying engineering in a recognised university or college
of equivalent academic standing or
- A student pursuing a course of engineering approved by the IEM
Council or
- Candidate enrolled for Part I or Part II of the IEM /BEM Graduate Examination or
Examination of an overseas professional institution recognised by the IEM Council
-Submits application form IEM(S) and
-Birth certificate
-Diploma Certificate and transcripts
-STPM/SPM/GCE certificate or equivalent
-Letter from Vice-Chancellor or Head of Department (local university only)
or
-Approval letter to sit for IEM/BEM Graduate Examination/Engineering Council
Examination
FEES AND ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS
Member
-A candidate for election into this grade shall produce evidence to the satisfaction
of the IEM Council that he is worthy of election and
-That he has a graduate qualification as approved by the IEM Council and
-Is a graduate engineer for a minimum period of three to four or six years or
based on period specified by IEM/BEM. i.e.
-Working experience of 3 years or more for those graduating prior to 1.1.1998
-Working experience of 4-6 years or more (depending on period specify by
IEM/BEM) for those graduating after 1.1.1998
-Preferably the candidate must be
working under the guidance of a
Professional Engineer.
-(Working experience means practical experience in engineering in a manner
satisfactory to the Council ie in planning, design, executive or management of
such works as are comprised within the profession of engineering , or in
engineering research, or the teaching of engineering in a course leading to a
qualification).
or
FEES AND ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTIONS
-Payment of PI fees:-
-RM 100.00 - for transfer cases
-RM 200.00 - for Election cases
Form completed with
-1 proposer, 3 seconders
-Experience clearly tabulated after the date of graduation and breakdown
of experience recorded in months
-Signatures of 2 engineers to verify experience on each page of the form
-For Civil Engineering candidates, at least 1 year site and 1 year design
experience are required
-Form IEM/PI (3) to be submitted when called for Interview
-Name will be circulated in IEM Bulletin for a month
-IEM form will be submitted when the Interviewers called for interview
BOARD OF ENGINEERS MALAYSIA
CIRCULAR NO. 3/2005
GUIDELINES
for
CODE OF PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT
(2) The Board shall consist of the following members who shall be
Malaysian citizens
and who are appointed by the Minister:
[Act A1158]
(a) a President who shall be a Professional Engineer; [Act A1158]
(b) not more than fourteen members who shall be Professional
Engineers, five of
whom shall be from a nomination list submitted by the Council of the
Institution of Engineers (Malaysia);
[Act A1158]
(c) one member on the nomination of the Board of Architects from
among
members of that Board established under the Architects Act 1967;
and
[Act A1158]
(d) one member on the nomination of the Board of Quantity Surveyors
from
among members of that Board established under the Quantity
Surveyors Act
1967.
(iii) using the abbreviation Ir. before his name
or the abbreviation P.Eng. after his name or in
any way in association with his name;
(b) use or display any sign, board, card or other
device representing or implying that he is a
Professional Engineer;
(c) be entitled to recover in any court any fee,
charge, remuneration or other form of
consideration for any professional engineering
services rendered; or
(d) use the stamp as prescribed in the Second
Schedule.
(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1)
(a) a Graduate Engineer may, subject to section 8,
take up employment which requires him to
perform professional engineering services; and
(b) a person who is a Professional Engineer by
virtue of paragraph 10(2)(iii) as in force on the
appointed date and who, on the 1st March, 1974,
was not practising as an engineer in private
practice shall not, at any time after that date, so
practise unless
(i) he holds a certificate from the Board that he
has obtained a professional qualification
approved by the Board; or
(ii) he is a Corporate Member of the Institution of
Engineers (Malaysia).
RESTRICTIONS ON
UNREGISTERED PERSONS,
GRADUATE ENGINEERS
7. (1) No person shall, unless he is a
Professional Engineer-
(a) practise, carry on business or take up
employment which requires him to carry out or
perform professional engineering services;
(aa) be entitled to describe himself or hold himself
out under any name, style or
(i) bearing the words "Professional Engineer" or
the equivalent thereto in any other language;
(ii) bearing any other word whatsoever in any
language which may reasonably be construed to
imply that he is a Professional Engineer;
or
QUALIFICATIONS FOR
REGISTRATION.
[ACT A1158]
10. (1) (a) Subject to this Act, a person who
holds
(i) the qualifications required for Graduate
Membership of the Institution of Engineers
(Malaysia) and which are recognised by the
Board; or
(ii) any qualification in engineering which is
recognised by the Board,
shall be entitled on application to be registered as
a Graduate Engineer.
(b) Subject to this Act, a person who is registered
as a Graduate Engineer under paragraph (a)
shall be required to obtain such practical
experience as may be prescribed by the Board in
order to be entitled to apply for registration as a
Professional Engineer under subsection (2).
1.0 A Registered Engineer shall at all times hold
paramount the safety, health and welfare of the
public.
2.0 A Registered Engineer shall undertake
assignments only if he is qualified by education
and experience in the specific technical fields
in which he is involved.
3.0 A Registered Engineer shall issue public
statements only in an objective and truthful
manner.
4.0 A Registered Engineer shall act for each
employer or clients as faithful agent or trustee.
5.0 A Registered Engineer shall conduct himself
honourably, responsibly, ethically and lawfully
so as to enhance the honour, reputation and
usefulness of the profession.
ROAD TO A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER
Get a recognize degree by Board of Engineer
Malaysia (BEM)
Upon graduation register as graduate engineer
with BEM
22. (1) The practical experience that a
Graduate Engineer is required to obtain
under section 10(1)(b) of the Act so as to be
entitled to apply for registration as a Professional
Engineer shall be carried out to the satisfaction
of the Board, for a period of at least three
years, and shall include the following:
(a) the Graduate Engineer must undergo - [P.U. (A)
424./2003]
(i) at least two years of general training that will
provide a sound basis for professional development;
and
(ii) at least one year of professional career
development and training providing wide exposure to
the various managerial and technical expertise in
engineering practice,
where at least one year of the training must be
obtained in Malaysia under the supervision of a
Professional Engineer in the same branch of
engineering as that practised by the Graduate
Engineer, although Professional Engineers in other
related branches of engineering may be accepted with
the prior approval of the Board; and
(b) the Graduate Engineer must have satisfactory
attendance in courses and professional
development programmes determined by the
Board, and conducted by the Board or
institutions approved or accredited by the Board