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Nr 1 June 2017

B E Y O U R S E L F,
EVEN IF IT WOULD

kazm
TROUBLE SOMEONE
YOU MAKE THE CHOICE

SUCCESS COMES
WITH WORK,
ACTION AND PATIENCE
ELENA CHOBANIAN

HARD WORK
OR JUST BUSINESS?

POLITICAL RIVALS

PHOTOGRAPHY,
AN EXPRESSION ART OF LIFE

EDUCATION,
A FORM OF BUSINESS

OBSTACLES CAN ALSO TEACH US


EM Magazine

guyn

Take A Risk,I t's Worth It


Editors
WELCOME
L et me introduce myself:
I am EMs (The Elena Magazine) Editor in Chief. The idea of publishing the magazine,
which is mainly based on business and political issues, was to create a platform for people
who are intelligent, hard-working, and before criticizing others they are working on their own
development, a guarantee for success.
Beginning with the June issue redesigned and organized our team worked hard on the
topics such as education and job, business and politics, photography and art, presenting them

Naxaban
in different genres of journalism interview, articles, news.
Being in love with magazines, also with professionalism in the field of politics, business and
journalism that may seem contradictory areas at one point, I decided to establish this
magazine (during my master thesis process in International Relations), in the name of helping
young people to think critically, otherwise than traditional rules and cultural well-embedded
patterns show us how to proceed. It is not about revolution, but its about stepping along with
time, by showing that the world is quite complex and diverse.

Hence, the EM magazine, that boosts trust and partnership, will be available both printed
on glossy stock and online right in front of your computer or mobile screens. It will present not
only articles of authors, useful interviews and success stories, but it is also absorbed with high
quality images and photos signed by professional photographers from Armenia, Poland and
other places of the world.

Thus, I believe that in spite of various obstacles, we will reach peoples hearts, giving them an
opportunity to express themselves in the name of development and progress of the society.

Stay with us,

Yelena
1
1
2
"Fly" As Your Imagination May Show You

2
on't Be Afraid
Of Being Different

An Opportunity To Draw Your Path Of Career,


To Start Something New, A New Education,
Or Just To Get Rest For A While..

Because Summer Is Almost Near.


Competition Is Not The Answer,
But Collaboration Can Be A Start
Of A New Business, Affair,
Profession Or Life...
It Is A Great Opportunity
To Create Something New

Karen Chakhalyan photography


3
A New Work Dedicated to the
Country of Apricot, Armenia "Photography is an art of painting, an
amalgam of direct light and shadow," -
says cameraman and photographer
Karen Chakhalyan

Is photography an

3
attractive profession?
Yes, it is. I am very much attracted to photography.
Actually, the basis of cinema is the art of knowing how
to shoot, to make professional photos. If it contains only
a framework, in cinema you need 24 frames per second.
So, first you have to learn that framework, then to film. I
prefer specifically that framework for creating ideas
and expressing them by a single frame.

Photographer Karen Chakhalyan


Some say that photography can
"lie" human perception. How?
Human eye perceives upright 180 degrees, but the view
What is the hardest thing in this area? can keep between 160-140 degrees optics since we are able
to reduce the angle of the view and focus the distance.
The hardest part is learning the rules of how to
For indoor shooting I often use wide-angle optics, thanks
use the light, shadow, composition, space and
to which the camera looks wide and vast. So,
time. The lack of technique can also produce
photography can lie only because it depends on many
complications in photography.
factors such as light, angle, environment, make-up, etc.

Do you think that your work is Nowadays photography is perceived more


appreciated in this capitalistic world? as a business than art, or all together at
Well. Each year I receive positive feedback from the same time. What would you advise
different well-known international future operators and lm photographers?
photography websites. For instance, in 2014 one
of my photos was selected from other million For any cases, I would say do not be pleased with one or
of photos and, therefore, posted on the several awards, victories in competitions and do not
National Geographics website with the title believe that you are the best photographer in the world.
"The best photo of the day." Hence, to create a Since it will lead you to stagnation. This field, just like
masterpiece one needs the skill to create an other fields, requires continuous progress, dedication,
idea and penetrate it into the human skills, experience and other so-called golden rules that
psychology in an artistic way. will contribute to make masterpieces.

4 Art
DIPLOMACY AS A MASK
OF SOFT POWER
The word diplomacy has a Greek root, which means
"official document conferring a privilege," is the art of
conducting negotiations between representatives of
governments, in international relations through

4
international treaties and other agreements. It is the
art of discussing on diverse issues without using
direct method of communication. There is one saying:
Diplomacy is that you do not want to tell something
in front of someone. And perhaps you say different
thing. Tigran Shadunts, the Director of
the School of Public Diplomacy in
Yerevan, has his own opinion on
diplomacy.

Tools of the public diplomacy are educational, Formal diplomacy, actually, is a sphere
informational, corporate soft and hard powers in of countries activity. Soft power and
international relations. Educational soft power, public diplomacy are a matter of global
for instance, deals with the formation of governance. They are a unified system of
ideological approaches, and norms of world direct and/or indirect influence on social
perception. Informational soft power in its turn and business relations both in local and
deals with processing, spreading and controlling global levels, which occur between and/or
the system of informational flows. On the other by means of society, the mass media,
hand, corporate soft power deals with the business and international organizations.
formation and development of business system
relations, as well as processing, elaborating and
implementing of concepts and methods of an
influence on corporate relations. Thus, soft power
in international relations deals with the
development and intervention, interposing of the
elaborated concepts and techniques in regional
and international levels. In that sense, the
existence of School of Public Diplomacy in
Armenia gives the possibility to develop the soft
power, but also public diplomacy concepts and
techniques. Politics 5
SO MUCH
EFFORT CAN
MAKE YOUR
DREAMS
COME TRUE

ARE TEACHING AND ACTING IN FILMS OR COMMERCIALS? 5


..AS A FORMER POLISH LANGUAGE TEACHER, HOW HARMONIOUS AND MATCHING

Those two fields are very harmonious, and go quite well


together, at least for me. I started my work at Adam
Mickiewicz University in Poznan as a volunteer. I worked
there for almost one year without being paid at all. One of
my colleagues had an idea to organize a theater workshop
for students as she saw in it an alternative method of
teaching and learning Polish language for foreign students.
Acting means zlecenie: you are not a detective, but once
you get a role you become a detective. You are not a murder
and you are not a pirate. You become to be another person,
REGARD?
Gosia Pauch

DO YOU THINK WOMEN IN EUROPE, ESPECIALLY IN POLAND, ARE FREE IN THEIR EVERYDAY
LIFE, LOVE LIFE OR PROFESSIONAL AREA? WHAT CHANGES ARE STILL NEEDED IN THIS

Again, a very good question. Unfortunately, "Homo Sovieticus" is still


alive in Poland, where I spent a big part of my life. Even young people
who do not remember life in communist Poland, are still full of
stereotypes. Coming back to Poland I suffered a lot, because what was
very obvious for me is that having a family, for example, I also have to
have my space for work, my dreams, plans and nobody must stop me
in this regard. However, my loving ones supported me a lot, which is
quite strange to my compatriots, and very sad for me, since I had more
playing those roles in the name of the role. freedom of mind and space. So, there are mentality differences
between countries and people,thus for a harmonious life stereotypes
I had a great chance to participate in workshops organized must be removed or diminished.
by Shem Bitterman and Joe Pantoliano during Transatlantic
Festival in Poznan, 2015. Thats what they told me. Teaching
is also a kind of scene: you have audience, you have your DO YOU THINK EDUCATION IS SOME KIND OF BUSINESS?
problems moods, but show must go on at work. We are all
actors on the stage according to Shakespeare. Sometimes Polish people should learn English,as it is obligatory from primary
we like or dislike things, but we need to work together to school. In 1998 I was in Amsterdam and celaning ladies could speak
avoid conflicts. We act because this is a better way. So English better there than some professors in Poland. So, foreign
acting does not differ that much from what we do in all other languages and travels are the key, as "Traveling broadens the mind."
kinds of work. For instance, you do not like a teacher or a Unfortunalety, generally education is business and contacts some
doctor who will operate you, but you prefer not to get in people with other manus manum lavat, which means a hand washes
conflict, therefore you act as if you like thas person, since it the hand, because I met a lot of people. So, education can be also
is a better choice. My point is that we are very often actors, deemed to be kind of a business.
also as priests, teachers, politicians. Thus, I think acting is
not a problem, and those spheres can match. The problem
is in people, in their imagination and stereotypes.

6 Art
HOW CAN A PERSON SUCCEED IN HIS/HER
PROFESSION IN THE WORLD OF SO MUCH
COMPETITION, WHERE MONEY DECIDES
ALMOST EVERYTHING?

This is a very good common


question. We all have in our
minds and what we think and
what we have inside resonates
to outside world. As a teenager I
Everyone wants to be loved and
spent my time in the USA, New
love, each of us try to get
York. I absolutely "imbibed"
somewhere, to have wealthy and
American attitude to life to
successful life, to do some things
believe in your dreams that
which are so important to
those can become true, and to her/himself. But not everyone
believe in your skills, yourself manages to resist to stress, and
and your possibilities. Later on, I continue what was started, by giving
went to Italy and I have learnt up so easily. Gosia Pauch, a Polish

6
from Italians optimism, in actress, will share a part from her
Germany I learnt to work hard to experience with us.
make your dreams reality. So, I
combined those three fields of
experience to resonate to the
world, if a person is attractive,
must be given a chance in show
business.

Time is essential, more than money since everything depends on time


and it changes everything: psychology, feeling, perception, taste, etc.
How can an individual achieve his/her goals?

Time flies. The speed of running time is scaring. I try not to waste my time, instead I write poetry and novels in a blog by translating them
into English, also participating in photo sessions for MUA and stylization. I am a member of 30 photo groups on the internet, where till now I
had over 56.000 visitors. Also write for advertisement agencies everyday. I do not believe that when a person makes so much effort, giving
so much energy out herself/himself, nothing can happen.

7
THE EUROPEAN UNION AND ITS
NEIGHBOURING COUNTIES

7
The EU deals with its Southern and Eastern neighbours in order to promote stability, solving
economic issues in region, and especially within its European borders. And this can be
implemented by means of the European Neighbourhood Policy (launched in 2004), by
supporting political and economic reforms in neighbouring countries. In this programme can
be included Georgia, Armenia as well.

15.4 billion available for activities in the Neighbourhood for 2014-2020

16 countries are covered

824 million estimated funding for the Regional South programme for 2014-2020

741 - 906 million estimated funding for the Regional East programme for 2014-2020

8 Politics
As to Armenia
The European Union offers
8
The International EOM welcomed the introduction
commitment to a democratic and of new technologies supported by the EU with
prosperous future for the Republic Armenian authorities. However, some irregularities
of Armenia, just following related to the double voting, ballot box stuffing, as
Parliamentary elections. Based on well as counting of results were recorded by the
the preliminary conclusions of the observers.
International Election Observation
Mission, the elections were
well-administered and
fundamental freedoms were Lets see how things are processed in coming years.
generally respected, in spite of the
lack of public trust in the
elections. Source: euneighbours.eu

9
ARE THE MEDIA AND POLITICIANS
CONNECTED? by Elena Chobanian
The mass media have a colossal influence Juergen Habermas, a Television. The dominant and
both on people and politics, since it shapes German sociologist, defines powerful medium of political
public opinion, and its role becomes more the media as a space for public communication in our
powerful especially during elections when contemporary world is television.
discourse which must

9
political parties are sensitive in terms of It creates, with the internet, new
how the media show their public guarantee universal access
forms of political reality and the
appearances. Ideally, the media should and rational debate in society.
virtual world. Television tends to
fulfill the political role by disseminating the But, in practice, the free
full range of political opinions, enabling the accentuate entertainment, that
market rules and competition kind of television keeps viewers
public to make political choices and enter
the national life. In democratic societies, create restrictions for attention. Television is the right
for instance, the media is a communication journalists, and commercial place for the celebrity coverage,
channel which ensures the exchange of television channels are forced for political conflict and so on.
opinions both in power and general public, to respond to the interests of Stories about backstage
governments and political parties dont put political manoeuvre and offer a
advertisers, as well as
direct pressure on the media (depending
politicians. Since the rise of kind of transparency.
on the country). In liberal democratic
countries it informs the public and acts as a the internet in the 80-90s, the
watchdog of the government. The media social media have involved
must make the political system more many actors: regular citizens,
transparent, by helping people
participate in political decisions, nongovernmental
understanding the operations of organizations, activists, Internet. It has enhanced the
government, etc. Unfortunately, in politicians, software providers, effects of television by
practice, most of the time the media play telecommunications firms, shortening the news of
different roles. It simulated transparency
and doesnt serve the political values that
governments. Even if through reporting, makings mass
motivate the transparency, hides the new technology web distribution of information
important information in a mass of sites and sophisticated inexpensive making possible
manufactured political realities. Although, computer programs the new journalistic sources that
the political transparency is impossible politicians-voters
without mass media coverage. Politicians, compete with television
communication has become
even governments can manipulate the coverage. The internet is a
coverage of information to achieve their more direct, medias role and
political and economical goals through responsibilities are still argued.
mediated access to wide
diverting audience attention. In the late range of information, two-way
1960s, Maxwell E. McCombs and communication channel,
Donald L. Shaw studying the
agenda-setting capacity of the news media
distribution channel for wide
in American presidential elections, in their variety of content, low
1977 book, The Emergence of American barriers to entry for access
Political Issues, McCombs and Shaw
wrote: The most significant effect of the
and global reach of a
media was its ability to organize our world connected network.
for us. The news media are stunningly However, it can worsen
successful in telling us what to think about.
televisions tendency to
emphasize celebrity and
10 Politics gossip.
Tricks used during elections. Sometimes the crowds of Media logic is increasingly guided by a commercial
people (rallies) are made up of campaign workers and logic, and globalization reinforces that effect as
volunteers, so that the TV cameras dont capture an global forces within national media systems promote
empty room. Theyll be dressed so they appear to be the commercialization of broadcasting. In Denmark,
moms and dads, factory workers and teachers, but that Germany, Switzerland there is a
democratic-corporatist central European media

10
can be just an illusion on TV and magazines. Politicians
stage events are covered by the media, which show them system, where the press freedom developed early
engaged in the business of governing over public policy and journalistic professionalization is strong. Spain,
issues. They show the politician with own family, like an France and Italy belong to the polarist-pluralized
ordinary, likeable person. You can see politicians wives media systems where the press is elite-oriented with
baking cookies for charity in their newly remodeled limited overall circulation, and television dominate the
kitchen (Obamas example). Those people are carefully media market. America and Germany show patterns
chosen so they appear in photos and in news coverage. where candidates run controlled campaigns for which
The more social sites followers and likes, the better. they are punished by journalists. Denmark, Great
Another trick is to say that the candidate is really busy Britain, Switzerland and France show more
and cant take any questions at all. Campaign experts interactive campaign styles where the journalist is still
know an exclusive interview will be given more space in a dominant and the candidates often need to defend
newspaper or more time in a TV newscast than a themselves in press-politics interactions. Italy and
day-to-day campaign story. Thanks to campaign laws of Spain show very interactive campaigns and the
the media, ad space has to be sold at the lowest available journalists grant candidates rather long sound bites.
rate, and media outlets have very little control over what Thus, the media and politics will always have close
is said in a political advertisement. connection, at least for the next five years, even if
both view each other as adversaries. As the media
are the most important source of political information
for the wider public, politicians need it as a tool to
get the exposure to win elections and gain as much
power as possible.

11
Combining Art With Business Is Like
Mixing a cake with Pickles
s. But
to r u n a busines
teresting uch as m n
usic,
e m s e a s y and in e a r t s
It always
se lly insid nyan, a
s ta r t it, especia ar. Lia Khachpa her
when yo u
b s ta c le s appe d io A u r ora, has
etc., o the Ra
painting, u d io o p erator in
a
Armenian in this rega
rd.
in io n
own op
in role in

11
y o u r m a
t ly, le ts t a lk about king in.
Lia, firs a r e w o r
r a d io w h ere you orking ro
om, so
the ositive an
d colorfu
l atm o sp
when the
h e re in my w ve my job
y see me
. I lo
positive
ide p ile te a
st to prov ing to be able to sm n, we need to crea very emotional
I tr y to do my be a m wo rk is re a so ce I a m a
We ll. I r th n
e o p le w ith whom y w o rk result. Fo pen all the time, si e m e , that is a
n
that p m p y se
a nt p e o ple to like estly, it cannot ha s sm ile when the
and I w ugh, hon ple alway
ere. Altho reality is that peo
atmosph e ve r, th e
ow
person. H fact.
le
undeniab

t s p r o t e cted, for
ens righ
DO YOU HAVE A FORMULA FOR Are wom Armenia?
a n c e , i n
inst er or no
t
SUCCESS? women w h o se
world: A
in dang
rights are merica, Europe,
try, but
There are erywhere in the the coun
te ct ed ev n o t re lated to tl o o k . If,
pro
T h e p ro blem is
, a sp ir a tions, ou h ing
My key of success is to be crazy in a good sense. I do not Africa. mentality after finis ot
act in real life and I do not hide my emotions. I am what I o m en s lifestyle, n g et s married d d o es n
w oma niversity,
an
ple, a w or has a
am. If I want to laugh, I laugh, if I want to shout, I shout. I for exam raduating from u se w o rk ,
r g r hou er
try not to accumulate unexpressed feeling inside me. So, school o except fo able to provide h
to d o anything w h o is e in
to have success one must not think about success all the wa n t artn er her ti m
husband/p e would spend shops,
time, considering it the main sense of life. We just have to wealthy h in g, sh o m s/ jyms or
have our favourite job and work with pleasure, almost ev
er yt
n s, sp o rt ro
h ts is sues. In
re n t b ea uty salo th in k about rig e his hands
something which will push a person to become more diffe no t rais
she would her husband will human
professional in his/her field. therefore su d d enly n si d er ed as a
it io n , if n o t b e co u se d to
d d l o t
a
er , I th ink it wil he/she already g ea ch
on h aybe after all
lation. M ng, but dom, it
rights vio I ca n be wro li fe . As to free C.
li fe st yl e. n s o w n -4 0
ow n d pla en in
ecides an e can be free ev
person d n a l. On
er so
is very p

12 Business
O G E T H E R ?
A N D B U S I NESS GO T
ART
rse.
ss, of cou

COULD
b u s in e
s in ir
d ic a t e d colleague d deals, since the
and de shrew ds
o n h as good u la t ions and their han e are

12
if a p e r s fro m c a lc s t e m t ie r
n b e c o mbined, r m u s t be freed s u e s a nd tax sy bers, although the re like
c a e o is o
Yes, they reative people ar e social-economic e hands and num sue may look m
y , c e fo r e t h h is is
Generall in the sk
y, ther
if fi
mbin
cult to co what price. Perha
ps, t
h t s a r e u it e d
thoug it is q w at
w . I n reality, o n ly they kno yan.
som e h o
m a n a g e it, a n d
a s L ia K hachpan
ho kles. w
people w c a ke with pic ..And this
g a
combinin

13
HARD WORK OR JUST
BUSINESS?
Some believe that hard work cannot be matched with business. That is, if
someone works everyday and many hours, he/she cannot have the necessary
energy to plan or think about a great idea, therefore to create something new
or start a business.

13
So, What To Do?
Hard work is not equal to business. It can
be true, but not always.
Important steps to be made.

If you have enough energy and plenty of ideas, you firstly have to know
your negative and positives sides;

To know what you really want to achieve, and what would make you happy.

To concentrate one or maximum two things vital to you. Otherwise you risk
to spread so much energy, and therefore no effective result. You care about
your health too, isnt it?

To know if you are a group (entrepreneurship, team) or individual person.


Therefore decide the type of work or business you want to start.

Believe that you can, and have the patience during the process. Few
businesses grow to be successful based on the efforts of one individual. How
ever, you can face lots of difficulties.

14 Business
14
Ashkhen Davtyan-Pirate

And a little secret:


Business requires a lot of work. Thus, hard work
does not necessarily mean to work disparately
giving all your energy away. It is about working
wisely and strategically, through concentration
and desire to achieve something, based on
planning, self-confidence and patience.

15
MERITOCRACY,
MYTH OR REALITY IN
A CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY
By Tamar Manjavidze
Director at Educational Company "Queen's English," Georgia

15
The mission and the role of the University in a contemporary world has Of course, the world would be ideal if meritocracy was the ruler, but there are
several obstructing factors that should be taken into consideration. For
undergone huge changes due to the globalizing world. Diplomas are and have example, the notion of class which in many cases denes a persons place in a
social elevator. According to meritocracy, hardest working students naturally
always been a green light for a better future, in order to comfortably climb
get high marks and as a nal reward of their hard work they get best jobs.
the social ladder. However, sometimes we face facts when there is inequality and students from
high social class are more likely to do better in life, than those of the same
It is worth mentioning that contemporary world is working hard to create achievements, but from the lower social class. Meritocracy tries to make
system equal, where a person can get deserved reward no matter what class,
meritocratic system, which is based on an idea that if one does well will be ethnicity and gender they belong to.
rewarded accordingly. Thus, reward system is quite transparent and fair. So It is a well-known fact that education, particularly higher education, is the
simplest and quickest way to the best places in the labor market, high-paying
while speaking about American Dream we are speaking about meritocratic and prestigious positions and social mobility has become the best
system, which, theoretically is ideal for everyone. Meritocracy is considered achievement of the process. People are assigned to the particular floor. It is
obvious, that there is the "social elevator" that wanders from the bottom up
too ideal to be real, but there are cases when people have climbed social in a "social building" and brings different people, as well as different numbers
of people, on different floors. It is worth mentioning that the perception of
ladder only by their knowledge and experience. Unfortunately, such cases are meritocracy is based on "Equality of opportunity at the beginning" but not
"equality of results at the end".
so few, which give people the impression that meritocracy is just a myth and
The problem of equality and inequality in society is among the scope of
nothing else. interest of the contemporary society and has often been discussed. The
essential factor a person gets rewarded for the accomplishments in most
cases is the academic credential (diploma) he/she owns.

A meritocratic society is considered as being a credentials society in which


diploma becomes a condition of better and more protable employment.
Education thus becomes a defensive necessity. However, it is worth
mentioning that in a contemporary world credential is sometimes seen as
not being enough in order to ensure the stable, well-paid and prestigious job.

The perception of credentialism has changed due to the fact that society has
lost condent in its value. Credentials ceased to assure a proper job, at the
high school level, or an elite one, at the college level. The key reasons of
credential inflation is that education became expensive and even though
people have to pay more, it has become less valuable and less capable to
remunerate for credential cost than in the past. We can assume that
societys trust to education started gradually ceasing and accordingly it
became less enthusiastic to make the investment.

Even though meritocratic society is considered as being credential society, cases where a person has reached top positions without
having appropriate credential is getting more and more frequent. In such cases, experience, knowledge gained at work, practical skills
and personal values have successfully substituted diplomas. Thus, it is the question of the future whether meritocracy will favor
credentialism, or will cause it more inflation.

16 Business
Viktor Mamchich

16
17
POLITICAL RIVALS
IN POLITICAL REGIMES
If an enemy does not exist, it is necessary to invent one and it was invented, for instance, in the
totalitarian model by A. Hitler, in Russian communism by Lenin, Stalin, and so on. An imaginary
rival usually can be an individual or a group that was already hated, feared or.. envied. V.I. Lenin, a
Russian communist revolutionary, politician, blamed the plight of workers on money-grubbing
capitalists. Mao Zedong, a Chinese communist revolutionary and the founding father of the Peoples
Republic of China, found his rival in wealthy landlords and then in capitalist roaders.
In order to understand why there is a need to make up rivals in politics and, generally, in life, we
discussed with Dr. Beata Pajk-Patkowska, MA in Psychology and PhD in Political Science

17
(Adam Mickiewicz University).

Mrs. Pajk-Patkowska, when HOW DO IMAGINARY


and why do states in a certain
political regime need to
RIVALS IMPACT ON
invent political rivals (like in PEOPLES
the totalitarian model)? PSYCHOLOGY?
There are many reasons of inventing political rivals There are many effects of creating enemy in
or enemies. In totalitarian regimes, for instance, this
society. From psychological perspective I can
is a part of political process. The totalitarian regimes
need outsider and insider rivals to their existence. In list some of them. For example, it is easier to
democratic countries it could be a part of political understand complicated nature of political
marketing used to differentiate from political rivals and economic process. The stereotyping
and to win an election. It could be also used during which is part of creating enemy is the way of
the crisis, especially economic crisis which touch first
simplification the process of thinking and
of all ordinary people. They point out that group or
groups who are responsible for the tough situation. reasoning. What is more, human beings need
In social psychology it is called as scapegoat theory. to have enemies and allies. They help us to
For example, during the crisis in Germany after the overcome our fear of death which calls terror
World War I, Hitlers propaganda blamed Jews for it. management theory. When we have enemy,
What is more when we create imaginary rival we
we easily identify with our group and it helps
could focus peoples attention on the fight against
him. Then it is possible that people forget about us to overcome our fear.
unemployment, poverty and so on. Anger and
aggression of people will be displaced from the
governing regime to this group. Having an enemy is
the way of integrating the group as well.

18 Politics
VERY INTERESTING.. WELL, WHICH COUNTRIES DO
STILL USE THIS POLITICAL TRICK TODAY? AND WHY?

I think most countries. The reason is that we can observe this process not only in totalitarian countries (like North Korea),
but also in authoritarian (like Russia) and in democratic ones. There are many reasons to do it in politics. Nowadays
inventing political rival is also used to justify a war. Like American war against terrorists in Iraq after the 11/9 or annex
of Krim by Russia. War is the way of overcoming the economic crisis or to cover the crisis.

WHY THE NEGATIVE HOW CAN AN

18
SIDE OF AN ORDINARY PERSON
INDIVIDUAL IS MORE PROTECT
POWERFUL AND HIMSELF/HERSELF
INFLUENTIAL THAN FROM SO-CALLED
THE POSITIVE ONE? IMAGINARY RIVALS,
Both sides in human being are strong, and it is OR RECOGNIZE,
possible to move this better side of our nature
as well. However, it is more difficult. On the
WHICH IS A TRUE OR
one hand, we need other people to survive, FALSE IMAGE?
but at the same time it is very easy to divide us
and to induce fighting others. Henri Tajfel, a
The best way to recognize what is true or
British social psychologist, conducted many
false, or in short what is propaganda, is
years ago an experiment who showed that we
the education. In democratic regime
can divide people very easily for any reason.
citizens must be taught from the very
In an experiment he created two groups by
beginning what is propaganda, how it is
random. In very short time members of those
made and for what reasons. Many
two groups started to identify with their
psychological researches showed that if
group and dislike members of the other
people are well educated, particularly in
group. Besides the most important tools used
humanities science, they are more
in inventing rivals and diffusion their images
resistant to propaganda and its black and
are media and pop culture. For both more
white vision of the world.
interesting is the dark side of human nature.

19
19
THE STATE OF OUR CONSCIOUSNESS
MAKES US WEALTHY
Igor Anisimov
As a business, every profession has its positive and negative, difficult sides. To finding out what a
manager or a director must do to have good results in work, we decided to discuss with Igor
Anisimov, Director of the Diamond House hotel in Yerevan, and Chairman of the
Armenian-Romanian Commercial and Industrial Association.

WHAT ARE THE NECESSARY CAPABILITIES AND SKILLS FOR A


SUCCESSFUL WORK, IN A HOTEL BUSINESS IN THIS CASE?
The hotelier must first have a great experience in the hotel industry, also knowledge of the
industry standards. One of the modern approaches which must be considered is to be a good
hotel manager, which involves separating them into three main areas: exercise of operational
control, that translates into daily activities by monitoring of the company, as well as direct
participation in it; medium-term development of the organization by constantly improving the
relations with employee, introduction of new services and new technologies, monitoring the
activities of competitors, and the list is endless. In another words, the manager must understand
the intricacies of each service, must know the characteristics of each service, each department, also
being aware of what happens every time in this complex and responsible domain: for example,
how many seats are reserved, etc.

20 Business
20
What are the conditions for a
country development, for instance
Armenia, from the financial,
business point of view?

Armenia should create a business


environment truly free and fair.
Investment policy is the main vector
Do you think education is a
solution to have a wealthier
life?

The common social ladder, which


normally must help anyone to
achieve success, is as follows:
school-college-work-fortune.
However, this traditional rule, like any
of economic development. In order
to attract more foreign investments, other rules, has exceptions. History
for the priorities of the Armenian showed us many examples when
government must create a favorable people jumped over a few steps
business environment, enhancing without completing those socially
the transparency of the legal system, required paces. Thus, money does
the identification of future industries not make us rich, but the state of our
and providing an advantage in these consciousness.
areas.

21
Putin Feels That Trump Can Be
An Easy Handling President
Vladimir Pozner
In terms of Putin-Trump relation, I think,
Vladimir Putin might prefer D. Trump as a
president not because he said it to me, but
because he might feel he could handle
Trump. But actually Trump is
unpredictable, said Journalist Vladimir
Pozner before Trump being elected.

According to Pozner, Russia managed to


convince its population on Crimea policy,
Ukraine, Syria, the USA. But now we had to

Nkar
make some steps toward the U.S., to get us
out of the confrontation, partly because the
Russian government wanted to get rid of
sanctions.

..Let's look ahead to our great future. We


have the best president you could ever have
anywhere, at any time and things are great.
The West is different, falling apart,"
added V. Pozner.

V. Pozner believes that the American media


covers Russia in an unbalanced way. Its very
clever and it plays to the anti-Soviet/Russian
sentiment over the years. Thus, it is easy to
bring it all back. Russia has an emotional
kick to it and that is the result of
propaganda. There are many lots of things
that I do not like about Russia today.
Nevertheless, there are hopes, but also
skepticism towards the relationship between
Russia-America.

22 Politics Source: pozneronline.ru


nkar

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