Journal for Research | Volume 03| Issue 02 | April 2017

ISSN: 2395-7549

Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on

Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
Brijbhushan S Prashant
Assistant Professor PG Student
Department of Civil Construction Technology Department of Civil Construction Technology
VTU PG Center Dist Gulbarga, Karnataka, India VTU PG Center Dist Gulbarga, Karnataka, India

Abstract
To prevent segregation and bleeding in concrete a some decade ago started practicing of fiber addition in concrete this gave a
good result M30 mix is considered for work with 1% of fiber addition i.e 0.5% of Polypropylene + 0.5% of Hooked end Steel
Fiber, with 0.45 w/c ratio and 1.5% of super plasticizer for workability of concrete. Conducted various tests like Slump cone test,
compressive test, spilt tensile test, flexural test, and shear test for concrete. Then FRP product E-Glass fabric or GFRP used for
lamination purpose of 900 gsm to specimens then laminated specimens are also tested above mentioned experiment expect slump
test. Results are compared after 28 days of curing with normal concrete to hybrid concrete and with GFRP to without GFRP
lamination. Result has shown increase in strength with normal to hybrid concrete and also increase in with GFRP lamination
when compared to without GFRP lamination.
Keywords: Shear Test, Split Tensile Test, Hooked end Steel Fibre (HeSF), Polyproplene Fibre(PP), GFRP
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION

Concrete is very important in civil engineering concrete is used in which part of work civil engineering concrete is most
consumed after food and fuel in the world that present date. As we know concrete is a mixture of which act as a solid part after
the s ent size coarse aggregate Binder material as cement filler material to coarse aggregate as fine aggregate, to make all as one
water etting time concrete make all the mixture as 1 homogenous part of that all material used in it. Concrete is mixer of differ is
used as per IS standards PH value. Combination of all this is known as CONCRETE. To make concrete it should mixed as per
mix proportion. Each country has its own code of mixing concrete us coming to our country it is referred concrete mix design IS
10262:1982 and its improved version is IS 10262:2000. Concrete ease very strong in compressive strength and it has low tensile
strength, to overcome this problem fiber are introduced in concrete to overcome this problem many fibers where tried in concrete
such as Natural fibers, Polypropylene fiber high, density polyethylene fiber, low density polyethylene fiber, Steel fibers,-(hooked
end steel fibers, & crimped fibers), etc. Some help given the good result some are not given result from many years and many
decades back and presently this going on by new fibers with today. This add-in fiber in concrete single added fiber is known as
mono fiber some fibers like polypropylene fiber, polythene fiber, waste product from industry like waste plastic bottle bucket
etc. Buy use of this fiber some flexural, strength of conc is improvized to concrete. the using of fiber is known as smart materials
fiber treated as smart material, which easily available in market Nowadays not only mono fiber is existence it is being used by
combination of 2 fiber in a concrete which is known as hybrid concrete. Further study is about hybrid fiber how to hybrid results
etc.

II. OBJECTIVE

The strength properties of (PP + HeSF) of (0.5+0.5) total 1% of volume of the concrete by M-30 of grade concrete.
The relationship done for laminated fibre. For with and without Laminated for the concrete.
The hybrid parameters ( HeSF + PP) to seeing failure cracks by doing the compression, flexural.
Comparing b/w the conventional and hybrid results to hardened test concrete

III. TESTS ON MATERIAL AND MIX DESIGN

Material Used:
1) Cement: OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) of 53 grade used of BIRLA A1 company. Cement property is as per IS code
12269:1987. Cement act as main binder material in concrete strength for concrete gained from it.
2) Fine Aggregates:Shahpur sand which is local available in Zone II which is passing through Sieve size 4.75 mm. As per IS
383-1978. Its act as a filling voids to coarse aggregate.
3) Coarse Aggregates: Local crusher Crushed rock forming aggregate of sieve size passing through 20mm and retained on
12mm as per IS383-1978. Its act as a body to concrete.

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 43

 Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
(J4R/ Volume 03 / Issue 02 / 008)

4) Super Plasticizer:With addition of fiber workability reduces so that is reason super plasticizer are used. Sikament is company
name used for project work also it act as water reducing agent in a concrete with this addition workability of concrete
improves. 1.5% of dosage used in concrete.
5) Hooked end - Steel Fiber (HeSF):HeSF Steel are brought from M&J International, Mumbai of Length 50mm and 1mm dia.
As known concrete is weak in tension steel is added act as reinforcement to concrete.
6) Polypropylene Fiber (PP):Polypropylene Fiber used of strong-blast companies from Pune Product is as per ASTM C-1116 &
ACI 544-1R. Fiber of 12mm cut-length which are directly available in market. Main purpose of this fiber is to arrest the
cracks.
7) Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Lamination
Mix Design
Concrete is done as per Mix design code IS 10262-82 for M30 mix to Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HFRC). Fibers used
for Hybriding are HeSF (Hooked end Steel Fiber) & PP (Polypropylene) and added total of 1% of volume of fiber to concrete i.e
0.5% of PP + 0.5% of HeSF using made Hybrid concrete
DESIGN MIX FOR 1 M3 OF M30 MIX PROPORTION IS 1:1.49:2.71

IV. TEST PERFORMED AND RESULT

Split Tensile Strength Test for Cylinder:

Which is hardened concrete test where it is also known as Brazilian test. Where introduced by in 1943. It is conducted same
machine where cube test was conducted loading and everything about taking load applied load he is save as in cube. Load
applied is gradually in increase not impact load is applied. For split test cylinder is size 150 mm Dia and 300 mm ht. Which is
applied in horizontal direction direct load is applied such that shown fig_. If cylinder is slipping packing is given with soft
material to its side load is given till it failed. Strength is calculated.
SPILT TENSILE VALUE = 2*P/surface area
= in N/MM2
Split tensile strength tests result (sts)

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 44

 Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
(J4R/ Volume 03 / Issue 02 / 008)

Comparing result

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 45

 Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
(J4R/ Volume 03 / Issue 02 / 008)

In graphs mentioned above rise in percent without and with wrapping GFRP is 10.97% in NC and 9.49% in HC.
18.53% & 17.17% in increased NC HC and HC NC.
Shear Testing For L-Shape Specimen:
Shear is done in CTM machine as cylinder and cube test but making of share specimen he is in the form of L shape that is while
casting in cube mould (150*150*150 mm) a wood peaces is placed of size 60*90 at one end of mould and casted as usual a cube
and blows are given as usual in IS standards test of specimen and its load is shown in figure testing is done till its failure of
specimen.

Failed load = PL1/L1+L2

Shear Strength = (Failed load/Area)*1000

= N/MM2

SHEAR STRENGTH TESTS RESULT (SST)

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 46

 Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
(J4R/ Volume 03 / Issue 02 / 008)

COMPARING RESULT

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 47

 Tests on L-Shape Shear and Split Tensile on Hybrid Concrete (HESF+PP) using GFRP
(J4R/ Volume 03 / Issue 02 / 008)

Avg 23.77% more in NC & 30.83% in HC is more compared with wrapping Compared to normal to hybrid is 40.58%
increment without wrapping & 46.08% increment with wrapping

V. CONCLUSION

Form study of project conducted based on results and observation conclusion are listed below
1) In split tensile strength there is 18.53% is more strength of in NC to HC. Whereas with GFRP there is 17.17%.
2) In cylinder test with HC & NC with & without GFRP lamination is 9.49% and 10.97% is more
3) For hybrid M30 mix concrete workability is poor so use of super plasticizer is used for increase in workability of concrete.
4) Addition of two fibers of different properties (i.e, HeSF+PP) makes concrete more stable in shear, flexural. Not much in
compressive strength with 1% (0.5+0.5) fiber
5) When it is compared without and with GFRP wrapping in cube test result is increases with 11.28% in NC and in HC 10.99%
increase.
6) When GFRP Laminated and GFRP unlamented in HC and NC is 17.07% & 21.61% respectively rises in strength.
7) Shear strength tested between NC-HC is 40.58% hike in strength. With GFRP it is 46.08% rise in strength.
8) Wrapped GFRP and unwrapped GFRP is 23.77% in NC and HC is 30.83% hiked strength in shear test.

REFERENCES
[1] Dr. Atul k, Priti A.Evalution-of Engineering-properties for PP FRC from IJAET, Vol-III, Jan-Mar-12.
[2] Mohan ganesh, G Murali, and A.S. Santhi Effect of crimped and Hook end steel fibers on impactresistance of concrete JOASE, Vol-17, 2014
[3] Nagannada .v studied about compressive behavior of SFRC JCEET, vol-2, Apl-15.
[4] Srinivas .N Rao Experiment of strengthproperties of steel FRC AJCE, vol-17, Aug 15.
[5] M .D Pidukar, R.H Mohankar Hyrid FRCIJSTR, vol 5, Jan 16.
[6] Roohul Abad Khan Strength gained of PP fiber reinforced concrete Vol 2, IJSRSET Feb 16.
[7] R.P. Narasimha rao ductility behavior FRC beams Strength with external bond glass fiber reinforced polymer laminates AJAS, 2013.
[8] M.V. Kumar Review on CFRP/GFRP strength of Reinforced concrete beams volume 2, iss 2, May-14.
[9] IS 456-2000.
[10] IS 10262-2009.
[11] IS 12269-1987 FOR 53 grade cement
[12] Wikipedia
[13] Internet Search engines.

All rights reserved by www.journal4research.org 48