5/23/2017 Concretesandmixes

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Concretesandmixes
Concretes
Mixes

Concreteisanartificialrockbasedmaterialproducedbywayofthehardeningofarationallyselected,
evenly mixed and consolidated blend of a binding substance (cement), water, fillers and modifying
additives.

The first sample of concrete known to scientists was found on the Danube river bank, in one of the
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mostancientsettlements,andcandateasfarbacktoasapproximately5600B.C.Thefirstconcrete
used to make a 25 cmthick floor tile contained gravel and reddish limestone. Throughout centuries,
thisbuildingmaterialearnedareputationofadurable,fireresistantandreliablematerial.Today,there
are hundreds of formulations for the making of concrete of different density, durability, waterproof
features etc., depending on the sphere of use and designation. Beton vid Kovalskoyi offers a wide
range of concretes for various purposes within the construction sector. Shown below are the main
parametersofclassificationthathelpclientsgetacquaintedwithourproducts.

Basedondesignation,therearesuchconcretetypes:
regular(forindustrialandresidentialbuildings)
special: hydrotechnical, road, heat insulating, decorative, as well as special purpose concretes
(chemicallyresistant,fireproof,soundabsorbing,nuclearradiationprotectingetc.)

Onthebasisofthebindingsubstancetype,concretesaredividedintothesekinds:
cement
silicate
plaster
clinkeralkali
bitumenconcrete
plastoconcrete(polymerconcrete)andothers.

Basedonfillertypes,concretescanbe:dense,porous,orspecial.

Basedonstructure,concretesaredividedinto:dense,pervious,cellularorlargepore.

Basedonconsolidationconditions,concretesconsolidate:
innaturalconditions
intheconditionsofthermomoisttreatmentintheatmosphericpressure
in the conditions of thermomoist treatment in the pressure that exceeds the atmospheric pressure
(autoclaveconsolidation).

Intermsofvolumeweight,concretesaredividedinto:
extraheavy(densityover2,500kg/cubicmeter):barium,magnetite,limonite
heavy(densityfrom2,200to2,500kg/cubicmeter)
lighted(densityfrom1,800to2,200kg/cubicmeter)
light (density from 500 to 1,800 kg/cubic meter): ceramsite concrete, foam concrete, gas concrete,
woodconcrete,vermiculiteconcrete,perliteconcrete
extralight(densitybelow500kg/cubicmeter).

Basedonbindingsubstanceandfillers,concretesareclassifiedasfollows:
thin(withlowcontentsofbindingsubstanceandincreasedlevelofcoarsefiller)
thick(withanincreasedlevelofbindingsubstanceandreducedlevelofcoarsefiller)
readymade(theratioofbindingsubstanceandcoarsefillerisinlinewiththestandardformulation).

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Concrete grades and classes. In the process of designing concrete and reinforced concrete
constructions, necessary concrete specifications are established: the class (grade) of strength, low
temperatureresistanceandwaterresistancegrades.

Concrete strength grade describes the axial pressure resistance of control samples expressed in
kg/squarecm.Thefollowingconcretegradesareusedinconstructionworks:50,75,100,150,
200,250,350,400,450,550,600,700,800.

Concrete class expresses the numerical specification of any feature of concrete, established with
guaranteedsecurityof0.95.Thismeansthatthepropertythatacertaingradepossessesissecuredin
atleast95casesoutof100andonlyin5casesfailuretosecurethispropertymaybeexpected.The
followingclassesofconcretesaredistinguished:11,522,53,557,51012,515
20253040455055B60.
The correlation between concrete classes and concrete strength grades are provided in the table
below:

Class Density,kg/cubicmeter Grade

5 65 75

7.5 98 100
10 131 150

12.5 164 150

15 196 200

20 262 250
25 327 350

30 393 400

B35 458 450

B40 523 500

B45 589 600

B50 654 700

B55 720 800

B60 785 900

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Concrete low temperature resistance grade determines the largest number of cycles of alternate
freezing and defrosting that samples of established size endure without reduction in pressure
resistancebyover5%comparedtothestrengthofsamplestestedintheequivalentage,andforroad
concrete,moreover,withoutaweightlossofover5%.Thefollowinggradesbasedonlowtemperature
resistancehavebeenestablished:F50,F75,F100,F150,F200,F300,F400,F500.

Concrete water resistance grade determines water pressure in which established samples do not
transmit water in standard test conditions. The following concrete grades are used based on water
resistance:W2,W4W6,W8,W10,W12.
BetonVidKovalskoyitrademarkoffersawiderangeofconcretemixesofdifferentplasticity,strength,
waterresistancelevelandgradefordiverseconsumerneeds.Youarewelcometolearnaboutthefull
listofproductsandnewitemsintherangebycallingthefollowingnumbers:(044)2390760,23907
70.

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