ORGANISATION IN THE

2 LIVING THINGS
I. Multiple choice questions: Tick (3) the correct choice.
1. A group of similar cells which perform a particular function is
called
(a) organism (b) tissue
Ans. (b)
2. Two organ systems in plants are
L
(a) roots and stem
B Z
(c) organelle (d) organs

(b) root system and shoot system

A
L ION
A
(c) stem and branches (d) all the above
Ans. (b)
3. A level of organisation above the population is
(a) organism (b) ecosystem (c) community (d) biosphere
Ans. (c)
U AT
4. Biosphere consists of

D
(a) atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere
(b) atmosphere and hydrosphere
N
E ER
(c) ecosystem only
(d) abiotic and biotic components
Ans. (a)
5. Biotic community consists of
T
(a) only animals (b) all organisms

IN
(c) only plants (d) organisms and the environment
Ans. (b)
6. Trachea is a part of
(a) digestive system (b) excretory system
(c) respiratory system (d) circulatory system
Ans. (c)
7. Bones and cartilages are a part of
(a) skeletal system (b) respiratory system
(c) muscular system (d) excretory system
Ans. (a)
Biology Class VII 1 Question Bank
 8. Which of the following is a protective tissue?
(a) Muscular tissue (b) Connective tissue
(c) Epithelial tissue (d) Nervous tissue
Ans. (c)
9. The tissue which forms the internal lining of organs is
(a) nervous tissue (b) epithelial tissue
(c) connective tissue (d) a muscle
Ans. (b)

Z
10. Nervous tissue consists of
(a) nerve cells (b) tendons (c) cyton (d) lymph

B
Ans. (a)

L
11. Short branching structures arising from the cell body of a

Ans. (c) A
L ION
A
neuron are called
(a) axons (b) cyton (c) dendrites (d) lymph

12. The muscles which take part in breathing movements are

U AT
(a) involuntary muscles
(c) voluntary muscles
(b) cardiac muscles
(d) all the above
Ans. (a)
D N
13. Muscles found in heart are

E ER
(a) voluntary muscles (b) cardiac muscles
(c) involuntary muscles (d) all the above
Ans. (b)

T
14. Tissues found in growing regions are
(a) meristematic tissues (b) complex tissues

Ans. (a) IN
(c) simple tissues

15. Meristematic tissues have

(d) permanent tissues

(a) small, thin-walled cells rich in cytoplasm

(b) small, thick-walled cells
(c) dead cells
(d) cells which can divide for a short period
Ans. (a)
Biology Class VII 2 Question Bank
 16. Vascular tissues in a plant are
(a) xylem and phloem (b) xylem, phloem and epidermis
(c) only xylem (d) only phloem
Ans. (a)
17. A group of living organisms which can breed among themselves
belong to the same
(a) population (b) community (c) ecosystem (d) class

Z
Ans. (a)
18. A biotic community consists of

B
(a) only plants (b) only animals

L
(c) plants and animals

A A
(d) plants, animals and micro-organisms
Ans. (d)

L ION
19. The number of individual organisms of a particular species
form a

U AT
(a) population (b) community (c) ecosystem (d) biosphere
Ans. (a)

D
20. The cells of cartilage are present in fluid-filled spaces called
(a) matrix
N
(b) stroma (c) lacunae (d) vacuoles

E ER
Ans. (c)
21. White fibrous tissue present in tendons joins
(a) bone to a bone (b) bone to a muscle
(c) muscle to a muscle (d) all the above
Ans. (c)
T
IN
22. Voluntary muscles are
(a) cylindrical and branches (b) cylindrical and unbranched
(c) spindle-shaped (d) spherical
Ans. (b)
23. Meristematic tissues have
(a) continuously dividing cells
(b) dead cells
(c) cells which divide for a short period
(d) cells which do not divide at all
Ans. (a)
Biology Class VII 3 Question Bank
 24. Which of the following tissues do not possess living
protoplasm at maturity?
(a) collenchyma (b) sclerenchyma
(c) tracheids (d) xylem parenchyma
Ans. (c)
25. Xylem consists of
(a) vessels, sieve tubes, fibres and xylem parenchyma
(b) vessels, phloem parenchyma, fibres and companion cells
(c) vessels, tracheids, fibres and xylem parenchyma

26. Ovary is a/an

L B Z
(d) vessels, sieve tubes, fibres and phloem parenchyma
Ans. (c)

A
(a) organ (b) system (c) organism (d) tissue
Ans. (a)
A
L ION
27. Simple epithelial tissue is
(a) closely packed, unilayered (b) loose and vascular

Ans. (a)
U AT
(c) made of fibres (d) none of the above

D
28. Axon and dendrites are the parts of
(a) neuron
N
(b) reproductive cell

E ER
(c) xylem (d) none of the above
Ans. (a)
II. Fill in the blanks.

T
1. A group of cells that are similar in size and shape and do the
same job is called .................. .

IN
2. Different tissues that work together form .................. .
3. An organ used to get rid of the wastes in our body is
.................. .
4. In plants, the organ that makes food is the .................. .
5. Individuals of the same kind of organisms form a ................ .
6. About two-third of the body weight is made up of ..................
tissue.
7. Bone is a type of .................. tissue.
Biology Class VII 4 Question Bank
 8. .................. muscles are found in the walls of stomach and
intestine.
9. Cells are living, elongated and thickened at the corners in
.................. tissue.
10. Water moves upward inside the plant body through ..................
tissue.
11. Movement of food material in the plant body takes place
through .................. tissue.

B Z
12. Permanent tissues arise from .................. tissues.

L
13. Cells of ................ a tissue bring about increase in plant length.

A
L ION
A
14. The cells of ............... a tissue constantly undergo cell-division.
15. The skin is made up of .................. tissue.
16. The sensory message is carried by the .................. tissue.

U AT
17. The liquid part of blood is .................. .
18. .................. defend our body against germs.

D
19. .................. tissue is made of cells without any intercellular

N
E ER
spaces.
20. .................. muscles help in the movement of limbs.
21. A long cylindrical process arising from the cyton is
called.................. .
T
22. .................. tissue joins bones to muscles.

IN
23. .................. is a fluid connective tissue without red blood cells.
24. .................. tissue is situated at the tip of root and stem.
25. .................. tissue can contract to move parts of the body.
Ans. 1. tissue 2. Organ 3. kidney 4. Leaves 5. Population 6. Connective
7. Connective 8. Involuntary 9. Collenchyma 10. Xylem
11. Phloem 12. Meristematic 13. Meristematic 14. Meristematic
15. Epithelial 16. Nervous 17. Blood Plasma 18. While Bood cells
19. Epithelial 20. Voluntary 21. Axon 22. Tendon 23. Lymph
24. Apical Meristematic tissue 25. Muscular.
Biology Class VII 5 Question Bank
III. Which of the following statements are true (T) and which ones
are false (F)? Mark T or F.
1. The stomach is a tissue.
2. Different cells that join up and work together are called organs.
3. Tissues alone cannot do same jobs in the body.
4. Tissues, organs and organ systems are made of cells.
5. Different organ systems help each other.

Z
6. All members of a population compete for similar resources.
7. Complexity goes on increasing as we move from lower levels
to higher levels of organistion.

L B
8. Meristematic cells are small and thin-walled.

A A
9. Permanent tissue is an immature tissue.

L ION
10. Stomata are present in the ground tissue of the leaf.
11. Xylem tissue is made of sieve tubes.

U AT
12. Epithelial tissue is a protective tissue.
13. Muscular tissues show the property of contraction and

D
expansion.

N
E ER
14. Cyton and axon are the parts of a nerve cell.
15. The fluid part of the blood is called plasma.
16. Sclerenchyma consists of thick-walled dead cells.
17. Phloem is a complex tissue.
T
18. Cardiac muscles have light and dark bands.

IN
19. Voluntary muscles are present in the internal organs of the body.
20. Yellow fibrous tissue, a type of connective tissue, is found in
ligaments.
21. The fluid-filled spaces in which cartilage cells are present, are
called lacunae.
22. Tendons connect bone to muscles.
23. Unicellular animals lack cell differentiation.
24. A group of cells similar in structure and function form an organ.
Biology Class VII 6 Question Bank
 25. The animal tissues and the plant tissues are similar in structure
and function.
Ans. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. F 10. F 11. F
12. T 13. T 14. T 15. T 16. T 17. T 18. T 19. F 20. T
21. T 22. T 23. T 24. F 25. F.
IV. Find the odd one out, giving reasons:
1. Cyton, dendrite, plasma, axon
Ans. Plasma

part of blood.
L
2. Bone, epithelium, tendon, cartilage
B Z
Reason: All are the parts of nerve cell except plasma that is the

Ans. Epithelium
A
L ION
A
Reason: All are the parts of connective tissue except epithelium
which is the part of epithelial tissue.

U AT
3. Xylem, collenchyma, parenchyma, sclerenchyma
Ans. Xylem

D
Reason: All are simple permanent tissue except xylem which is
complex permanent tissue.
N
E ER
4. Vessels, companion cells, sieve tubes, collenchyma.
Ans. Collenchyma
Reason: Collenchyma is simple permanent tissue while others

T
are the parts of complex permanent tissues.
5. lymph, white fibrous tissue, yellow fibrous tissue, areolar tissue
Ans. Lymph
IN
Reason: Lymph is fluid connective tissue while others are
proper connective tissue.
6. parenchyma, collenchyma, vascular bundle, sclerenchyma
Ans. Vascular bundle
Reason: All are simple permanent tissues except vascular
bundle.
7. tendon, squamous epithelium, ligament, bone
Ans. Squamous epithelium
Biology Class VII 7 Question Bank
 Reason: All are connective tissues except squamous epithelium
which is epithelial tissue.
8. thrombocytes, erythrocytes, lacunae, leucocytes
Ans. Lacunae
Reason: All are fluid connective tissue except lacunae.
V. In the items of Column I with the items of Column II.
Column I Column II
1.
2.
3.
Sieve Tube
Trachieds
Tendon
L
(a)
(b)
(c)
Phloem
Fibres
neuron
B Z
A
4. Blood (d) connects bone to bone
5. Phloem A (e) found in leaf stalks
6.
7. L IO
cartilage
Ligament
N (f)
(g)
fluid connective tissue
connects muscles to bone
8. Xylem
U AT (h) has no blood vessels or nerves

D
9. Collenchyma (i) conducts food from leaves
downwards

N
E ER
10. Nerve tissue (j) Conducts water from roots
Ans. 1. a 2. b 3. g 4. f 5. i 6. h 7. d 8. j 9. e 10. c.
VI. Differentiate between the following:

T
1. Organism and Population

IN
Ans. Organism Population
(1) It is lower level of (1) It is higher level of
organisation. organisation.
(2) The organ systems collec- (2) All the organisms of single
tively form an organism. species in a given area
constitute a population.
(3) Cell is the smallest unit of (3) Organism is the smallest
organism unit of population.
Biology Class VII 8 Question Bank
 2. Population and Community
Ans. Population
(1) All the individuals of a
single species in a given
area constitute population.
(2) It is next higher level of
organisation above the
individual level.
(3) Population is made of only
single species
L
Community
(1) The populations of
different species in an area
constitute a community.
(2) It is next higher level of
organisation above the
Z
population level.
(3) Community is made of

Bmany species.

Ans. Ecosystem
A A
3. Ecosystem and Biosphere

L ION
(1) It is higher level of organi-
Biosphere
(1) It is highest level of organi-

U AT
sation above community. sation above ecosystem.
(2) Biotic and abiotic commu- (2) The part of Earth that

D
nities constitute ecosystem. support life constitute
biosphere.

N
E ER
(3) Ecosystem consists of
autotrophs, heterotrophs
and decomposers.
(3) Biosphere consists of
hydrosphere, lithosphere,
and atmosphere.

Ans. Tissue T
4. Tissues and Organs
Organs

IN
(1) It is lower level of organi-
sation above cell.
(2) A group of similar cells
(1) It is also lower level of
organisation above tissue.
(2) Some tissues combine
that work together to do the and form organ.
same job is called tissue.
(3) In a tissue, all the cells do (3) In an organ, all the tissues
the same job. do not do the same job,
e.g. Epithelial tissue, e.g. Liver, Kidney.
connective tissue.
Biology Class VII 9 Question Bank
 5. Skeletal muscle tissue and Cardiac muscle tissue.
Ans. Skeletal muscle tissue Cardiac muscle tissue
(1) These muscles are attached (1) These muscles are present
to skeleton. in the wall of heart.
(2) These muscles are elongated, (2) These muscles are branched
cylindrical and possess elongated cylindrical,
transverse bands. and fused with one another.
(3) These are voluntary muscles (3) These are specific type of
i.e. can move by the will.

L
Z
involuntary muscles and
can not move by the will.

B
6. Meristematic tissue and Permanent tissue

A
Ans. Meristematic tissue Permanent tissue
A
(1) The cells of meristematic (1) The cells of permanent

division.
L ION
tissue have the ability of tissue have no ability of
division.

U AT
(2) These tissues are present
at the tip of root and stem.
(2) These tissues are present
in the non-growing part

D
(3) The cells of meristematic
N
of root and stem.
(3) The cells of permanent

E ER
tissue are small, thin-walled tissue are thin walled with
with no inter-cellular space. much less amount of
cytoplasm.
(4) Meristematic tissue give rise (4) Permanent tissue are
T
to permanent tissue. derived from meristematic

IN
tissues.

7. Simple and Complex tissues

Ans. Simple tissue
(1) Simple tissue consists of
only one type of cells, i.e.
structurally and functionally
similar.
Biology Class VII 10
Complex tissue
(1) Complex tissue consists of
more than one type of cells.
Question Bank
 (2) Simple tissue is of three (2) Complex tissue is of two
types Parenchyma, types xylem, phloem.
Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma.
(3) Simple tissue provides (3) Complex tissues forms the
mechanical strength to the way for the transportation
plant and also store food in of water and food.
some plants.

Ans.
8. Bone and Cartilage
Bone

L
(1) It is made of ground sub-
B Z
Cartilage
(1) It is made of ground sub-

A
L ION
A
stance called matrix which is
filled with various inorganic
salts like calcium phosphate,
stance called matrix which
contains cartilage cells.

U AT
calcium carbonate.
(2) Bones are hard due to (2) Cartilage is highly elastic.

D
presence of calcium.
(3) A long bone has a hollow
N
(3) Cartilage is not supplied

E ER
cavity filled with bone with blood vessels.
marrow which is supplied
with blood vessels.

T
9. Voluntary and Involuntary muscles

IN
Ans. Voluntary muscles Involuntary muscles
(1) Movement is under the will (1) Movement is not under the
of the animal. will of the animal.
(2) All the muscles are attached (2) Present in the organs like
to skeleton and get tired alimentary canal, urinary and
when over-worked. do not get tired.
(3) They are cylindrical and not (3) They are spindle-shaped.
branched.
(4) They are multinucleated. (4) They are uninucleated.

Biology Class VII 11 Question Bank

 10. Xylem and Phloem
Ans. Xylem Phloem
(1) It is water-conducting (1) It is food-conducting
tissue. tissue.
(2) It is composed of tracheids, (2) It is composed of sieve
vessels, fibres and xylem cells, phloem fibres and
parenchyma. phloem parenchyma.

or organisms:
1. Chlamydomonas
4. Stem
L
2. Leaf

B Z
VII. Classify the following as cells, tissues, organs, organ systems

5. Shoot system
3. Stomach
6. Skin
7. Amoeba
10. Bone
A
L ION
A
Ans. Tissue: Blood, Bones.
8. Blood 9. Flower

U AT
Organ: Stomach, Flower, Leaf, stem, skin.
Organ system: Shoot system.
Organism: Chlamydomonas, Amoeba.

D
VIII. Name the main organs of the following systems:

N
E ER
1. Digestive system
Ans. Main organs of digestive system:
1. Mouth 2. Oesophagous 3. stomach
4. Liver 5. Panereas 6. Small intestine

T
7. Large intestine

IN
2. Respiratory system
Ans. Main organs of respiratory system:
1. Nostril 2. Trachea 3. Bronchi 4. Lungs
3. Circulatory system
Ans. Main organs of circulatory system:
1. Heart 2. Arteries 3. Veins 4. Capillaries
4. Nervous system
Ans. Main organs of Nervous system:
1. Brain 2. Spinal cord 3. Nerves
Biology Class VII 12 Question Bank
 5. Excretory system
Ans. Main organs of Excretory system:
1. Kidney 2. Lungs 3. Skin
6. Skeletal system
Ans. Main organs of skeletal system:
1. Bones.
IX. See the figures shown below. Identify these figures giving
reasons.

L B Z
A
L ION
A
U AT
D N
E ER
Ans.(a) These thin-walled cells are parenchyma.
(b) These thick-walled cells at corner are collenchyma.
(c) These thick-walled, long cell are sclerenchyma.
(d) These tubular structures are xylem.
T
X. Name the tissue found in the following:

IN
1. At the tips of root and stem
Ans. Apical meristematic tissue.
2. On the surface of roots
Ans. Dermal tissues.
3. Lining of stomach
Ans. Epithelial tissues.
4. Wall of heart
Ans. Cardiac muscle tissue
5. Blood
Ans. Connective tissues.
Biology Class VII 13 Question Bank
XI. Complete the table stating any one location in the body and the
function of each of the following tissues:
Tissue Location Function
1. Ciliated epithelium
2. Fibrous tissue
3. Glandular tissue
4. Cardiac tissue

Ans.
5. Nervous tissue

Tissue

L
1. Ciliated epithelium
Location
Inner side of
B Z Function
Remove dust particles.

A
L ION
A
2. Fibrous tissue
3. Glandular tissue
respiratory passage.
Tendon & ligament
Endocrine glands
Insulation of body.
Secretion

U AT
4. Cardiac tissue
5. Nervous tissue
Heart wall
Brain
Pumping of blood
Reflex action.

D
XII. Rearrange the following levels of organisation in their correct

N
E ER
sequence:
1. Organism, Cell, organ, Tissue, Organ system.
Ans. Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Cell organism

T
2. Ecosystem, Organism, Community, Ecosphere, Population.

IN
Ans. Organism Population Community Ecosystem

Ecosphere
XIII. Name:
1. The tissue that covers and protects the organs in animals.
Ans. Epithelial tissue.
2. The type of muscle tissue found in the heart.
Ans. Cardiac muscles
Biology Class VII 14 Question Bank
 3. The soft tissue of plants.
Ans. Parenchyma
4. The tissue whose cells have a very thick cell wall.
Ans. Sclerenchyma
5. The tissue that stores fat.
Ans. Adipose

Z
6. The tissue that joins bones together.
Ans. Ligament
7. The liquid connective tissue.
Ans. Blood
XIV. Name:
A AL B
L ION
1. two major plant tissues
Ans. 1. Meristematic tissue 2. Permanent issue.

U AT
2. four major animal tissues
Ans. 1. Epithelial tissue 2. Muscular tissue

D
3. Nervous tissue 4. Connective tissue
3. Three types of areolar connective tissues

N
E ER
Ans. 1. Tendon 2. Ligament 3. Adipose
4. Three types of muscle cells
Ans. 1. Striated muscles 2. Smooth muscles 3. Cardiac muscles.
XV. Give the function of:
T
(i) epithelium (ii) endothelium (iii) neuron

IN
(iv) muscles (v) xylem
Ans. (i) Epithelium Protects the organs from outside.
(ii) Endothelium. Protects the organs from inside.
(iii) Neuron. Responsible for various sensory perceptions.
(iv) Muscles. Responsible for the movement in animals.
(v) Xylem. Responsible for upword water conduction.
XVI. The connective tissues are of many types depending upon the
type of matrix they have. How many types of connective
tissues are found in animals?
Biology Class VII 15 Question Bank
 Ans. Connective tissues are of three types:
(a) Areolar connective tissue
(b) Supporting connective tissue
(c) Fluid connective tissue
XVII. Give reasons:
(i) Muscle cells are called muscle fibres.
Ans. Muscle cells in a muscular tissue are thin, long and fibre-like.

properties, body movements occur.

L
(ii) Bone is connective tissue.
B Z
So, these cells are called muscle fibres. These cells have the
properties of contraction and relaxation. Due to these

A
L ION
A
Ans. Bones are connective tissue because they connect the various
tissues and organs in the body.

U AT
(iii) The stem of a herb is soft and perenchymatous; yet, it is firm
and rigid.

D
Ans. Parenchyma is a soft simple tissue and it provides temporary
support to the plant.
N
E ER
(iv) Xylem is a complex tissue.
Ans. Xylem is a complex tissue because it is made of more than one
type of cells.

T
(v) Phloem is a conducting tissue.

IN
Ans. Phloem is a conducting tissue because food manufactured by
green leaves is transported to roots and other parts of plants
through phloem.
(vi) Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles.
Ans. Smooth muscles are involuntary muscles because these muscles
are present in the organs which are not under the will of the
animal, e.g. muscles of alimentary canal.
Biology Class VII 16 Question Bank
XVIII. The organs of various systems are listed in the first column
of the chart. Put a tick in any of the other columns if the
organ belongs to any of the systems.
Note: An organ may belong to more than one system.
Organs System
Digestive Respiratory Excretory Reproductive Circulatory Nervous Skeletal
1. Vertebrae 3
2. Large intestine
3. Bladder
4. Brain
3

L
3

B Z 3

A A
5. Nose 3
6. Pancreas 3
7. Liver
8. Kidneys
L IO
3
N
U AT
3
9. Spinal cord 3

D
10. Lungs 3
11. Heart 3

N
E ER
12. Ureter 3
13. Mouth 3
14. Nerves 3
15. Wind pipe 3
16. Food pipe
T 3

IN
17. Bone 3
18. Cartilage 3

XIX. Answer the following questions:

1. What is meant by higher levels of organisation
Ans. Higher levels of organisation:
There are some organisations which are above the level of
organism. These are as follows:
(a) Population (b) Community (c) Ecosystem (d) Biosphere
(a) Population. We have a number of plants and animals
Biology Class VII 17 Question Bank
 around us. Each member of plants and animals belongs
to a particular species. A species is a group of living
organism which can breed among themselves. All the
members of this species in a particular area constitute
its population.
For example: human beings living in a particular area
represent a population of Homo sapiens. Similarly, a
number of dogs in a specific area forms the population
of dogs.

Z
(b) Community. We see populations of plants and animals
around us. Thus, the populations of different species

B
occurring in a locality together forms a plant-animal

L
community or biotic community. In this community, we

A
have producers (green plants); the primary consumers
A
or herbivores; and carnivores and decomposers like

L ION
bacteria and fungi.
(c) Ecosystem. In a community, we have various living

U AT
things. These living things interact with the non-living
things of the environment and form an ecosystem.
Thus, an ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic

D N
components. Ecosystems are natural or man-made,
e.g., pond ecosystem, garden ecosystem.

E ER
(d) Biosphere. It is the highest level of organisation in
hierarchy. It is the part of the earth which support life
in air, water and soil. It is the zone on Earth in which
all living beings exist.

T
2. Arrange the following in an increasing order of their

IN
organisation. Also, complete the missing links in the hierarchy.
Cell, Organ, Community, Population, Biosphere
Ans. Cell Tissue Organ Organ system

Community Population Organism

Ecosystem Biosphere.
Biology Class VII 18 Question Bank
 3. Mention the different levels of organisation in a multicellular
organism.
Ans. Cell Tissue Organ Organ system

Community Population Organism

Ecosystem Biosphere

B Z
4. Explain the relationship between cells, tissues and organs.

L
Ans. A tissue is a group of similarly specialised cells which together

A
L ION
A
do the same job.
An organ is made of different kinds of tissues and performs a
specific function.
Cells Tissues Organ

U AT
5. Give the functions of each of the following systems:

D
(a) Digestive system
(c) Circulatory system
N
(b) Respiratory system
(d) Nervous system

E ER
(e) Excretory system (f) Skeletal system
Describe the structure and functions of different types of animal
tissues.
Ans. (a) Digestive system.
T
Function. The main function of digestive system is to

IN
convert complex food into simple and soluble form. By
this way, it can be absorbed by the blood and produce
energy.
(b) Respiratory system.
Function. The main function of respiratory system is to
exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide that produce energy.
(c) Circulatory system.
Function. It provides body cells with food and oxygen
and also collects CO2 and other metabolic waste products.
(d) Nervous system. It is the principal means of
Biology Class VII 19 Question Bank
 communication between body parts and controls the body
parts.
(e) Excretory system.
Function. It is to get rid of metabolic wastes from the
body.
(f) Skeletal system.
Function. It provides frame work to the body and
produce movement with the help of muscles.
6.
Ans.
Z
How is connective tissue different from other tissues?
Connective tissues are different from other tissues because they

B
are characterised by cells that produce and maintain a wide
L
variety of extracellular material around themselves. It is

7.
A
L IO
A
extracellular matrix that determines the physiological and

N
physico-chemical properties of connective tissues.
Mention the main characteristics of meristematic tissues.

U AT
Ans. Meristematic tissues have the ability of cell division. So, these
tissues are present at the growing regions, i.e., the tip of stem

D
and root. They also contribute tip of stem and root. They also
contribute in thickness due to lateral meristem. The cells of

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meristematic tissues have following characteristics:
(i) The cells are small and thin-walled.
(ii) The cells are rich in cytoplasm with prominent nuclei.
(iii) The cells lack inter-cellular space and divide activity and
T increase the growth.
8.
Ans. IN
Where to we find the meristematic tissue in plants?
Meristematic tissues have the ability to divide. So, these tissues
are present in the growing regions, i.e., the tip of stems and
roots. These tissues are also present laterally so, they also
contribute in thickness.
9. What is the function of meristematic tissues?
Ans. The function of meristematic tissues is to contribute towards
growth in length and width of the plant.
Biology Class VII 20 Question Bank
 10. Name the different types of plant tissues.
Ans. Plant tissues: In plants, two types of tissues are present:
(1) Meristematic tissues (2) Permanent tissues.
Permanent tissues can be classified in two ways
Based on their origin
(1) Dermal tissue (2) Vascular tissue
(3) Ground or fundamental tissue.

Z
Based on the kind of cells.
(1) Simple tissues: It is of following types:

B
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma

L
(2) Complex tissues: It is of following types:

A A
(a) Xylem (b) Phloem.
11. Where are stomata present in a plant cell?

L ION
Ans. Stomata are present in the dermal tissue, particularly in the
lower epidermis.

U AT
12. What is the function of stomata?
Ans. Function of stomata: Stomata are specialised pores found

D
mainly in the epidermis on the upperside of the leaf. Gases
moves into and out of the leaf through stomata.
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13. Name the tissue which takes part in the movement of water and
minerals in the body.
Ans. Movement of water and minerals in the plant body occurs
through a complex permanent tissue called xylem.
T
14. What is a tissue?

IN
Ans. Tissue is a group or layer of cells that are alike and work
together to perform a specific function.
15. What is the difference between an organ and an organ system?
Ans. Organ. An organ is made of many tissues which work in a co-
operative and co-ordiante manner, to perform a specific
function, e.g. the lung, the kidney are some organs of animals.
Organ system. When some organs concerned with one
specific process then it collectively called on organ system. For
example: Nose, Trachea, bronchi and lungs collectively form an
organ system called respiratory system.
Biology Class VII 21 Question Bank
 16. Explain the structure and functions of epithelial tissue.
Ans. Epithelial tissue. It is a protective tissue that covers the
external surface of the body in the forms of skin and lines the
internal organs.
The cells of epithelial tissue are very close to each other
without intercellular space.
On the basis of the shape of the cells, these tissues is
classified into three types:
(i) Squamous epithelium. These cells are hexagonal or

the skin.
L B Z
irregular in shape by surface view. This epithelium lines the
blood vessels and oesophagus and forms the epidermis of

It provides protection and prevents the entry of micro-

A
L IO
A
organisms.

N
(ii) Columnar epithelium. The shape of cells are column-like,
i.e., height is more then width. Nucleus is present at the
base of cell. It lines the stomach, intestine, pharynx and

U AT
larynx.
(iii) Cuboidal epithelium. The cells are cube-shaped i.e.,

Dlength and width are almost equal. Nucleus is situated at

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the centre of the cell. This epithelium is present in the

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thyroid gland kidney tubules etc.
17. What are involuntary muscles?
Ans. Involuntary muscles. The muscles which are not under the

T
control or will of animals are called involuntary muscles.
Internal organs of human body like alimentary canal are not

IN
under the control of will. So, these organs are made of
involuntary muscles.
18. How can you make your cardiac muscles work harder?
Ans. Our cardiac muscles work hard because out heart muscles
works continuously and never get tired. A healthy heart does
not run out of oxygen either. Oxygen comes to the heart directly
through arteries on its outside surface.
19. Which tissue is responsible for the increase in the height of a
plant? Where is it located?
Biology Class VII 22 Question Bank
 Ans. Meristematic tissue is responsible for the increase in the height
of a plant. This tissue is located at the tip of roots and stems.
20. What are the differences between parenchyma, collenchyma
and sclerenchyma tissues?
Ans. Difference between parenchyma, collenchyma and
sclerenchyma
Parenchyma Collenchyma Sclerenchyma
(1) The cells may be oval,
spherical or cylindrical-
shaped.

walled cells.
L
(2) It is made up of thin-
oval or spherical.

B Z
(1) The cells are either circular, (1) They are also somewhat

(2) It is made up of cells

thickened at the corner.
spherical.

(2) It is made up of cells

thickened all over.

A
L ION
A
(3) It is made of living cells-
without intercellular space.

(4) The function of parenchyma

(3) It is also made of living
cells and intercellular
space generally absent.
(3) It is made of dead cells
with no protoplasmic
content.
(4) This tissue gives strength (4) They also give mechani-

U AT
cells is to store food. to the parts in which it is cal strength to the stem.
present.

21. What are the various types of cells present in xylem? What are

D
their functions?

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Ans. Xylem. It is complex permanent tissue. It is composed of
tracheids, vessels, fibres and xylem parenchyma.
Tracheids are usually long and narrow cells which taper at both
the ends. Vessels are the series of cells which form tube-like
T
structure. In tracheids and vessels, living protoplasm is absent

IN
at maturity. Fibres provide strength to the tissue. Xylem
parenchyma is the only living component and help in the
conduction of water and to store food.
22. What do you understand by the term organisation?
Ans. The term organisation may be defined as the manner in which
small units of any structures or system are arranged into larger
ones and the larger ones into still larger ones in hierarchy where
the units of each level coordinate with one another towards a
particular goal.

Biology Class VII 23 Question Bank

 23. Give one difference between biological and ecological
hierarchy.
Ans. Biological hierarchy is lower level of organisation, i.e. it starts
from cell and end at organism.
Ecological hierarchy is higher level of organisation, i.e. it starts
from populations and end at Biosphere.
Cells Organism

Higher level organisation

Lower level organisation

Ecological hierarchy
Biological hierarchy Z
Tissue Population

L B
or

or
Organs Community

A
L ION
A
Organ system

Ecosystem

U AT
Organism Biosphere
24. Is cardiac muscle involuntary or voluntary?

D
Ans. Cardiac muscles are special types of involuntary muscles.
25. Bring out one point of difference between:
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(a) Bone and cartilage
(b) Meristematic and permanent tissue.
Ans. (a) Unlike other connective tissue cartilage does not contain
blood vessels. Thus, compared to other connective
T
tissues, cartilage grows and repairs more slowly.

IN
(b) Meristematic tissues have the ability of cell division while
permanent tissues have no ability of cell division.
26. How do skin and kidney maintain waste balance in the human
body?
Ans. In our body, extra water is to remove out with the help of
kidneys and skin. Kidneys extract metabolic wastes from the
blood and excrete them in the form of urine. The skin removes
water and salts through the sweat glands in the form of sweat.
Biology Class VII 24 Question Bank
 27. Give one point of difference between community and
ecosystem.
Ans. Community is the group of living organism in a specific area
while ecosystem is formed of the communities by the
interaction with non-living things.
28. Write the names of organ system following is part of
(a) Kidney (b) Liver (c) Xylem (d) Ovaries
(e) Stomach (f) Trachea
Ans. (a) Kideny Excretory system
(b) Liver Digestive system
L B Z
(g) Heart

(c) Xylem Water-conducting system

(h) Uterus

A
L ION
A
(d) Ovaries Reproductive system
(e) Stomach Digestive system
(f) Trachea Respiratory system

U AT
(g) Heart Circulatory system
(h) Uterus Reproductive system

D N
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T
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Biology Class VII 25 Question Bank