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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

REVISION NO.: 0

TS 500-2000 Example 002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

A reinforced concrete column is subjected to factored axial load N = 1908 kN

and moment My = 477 kN-m. This column is reinforced with five 25M bars. The
design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and the result is compared
with the computed result. The column is designed as a short, non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

1908 kN

My = 477 kN-m
550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 mm fck = 25 MPa

= 0.2 d = 550 mm fyk = 420 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

Tied reinforced concrete column design

TS 500-2000 Example 002 - 1

 Software Verification
PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 0.993 1.00 -0.7%

COMPUTER FILE: TS 500-2000 EX002

CONCLUSION
The computed result shows an acceptable comparison with the independent
result.

TS 500-2000 Example 002 - 2

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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
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HAND CALCULATION

Column Strength under compression control

fck = 25 MPa fyk = 420 MPa
b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 167.46 mm < (2/3)d = 326.67 mm, assume compression failure. This
assumption will be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a
balanced condition, cb:
Position of neutral axis at balance condition:
0.003 2x105 600
cb = dt = ( 490 ) = 305 mm
0.003 2x10 + f yk
5
600 + 420 / 1.15

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

N = Cc + C s T
where
Cc = 0.85f ck ab = 0.85 25 / 1.5 350a = 4,958a
A f 2500
Cs = s f yk 0.85 ck = ( 420 0.85 25 /1.5) =882, 246 N
s c 1.15
Assume compression steels yields, (this assumption will be checked later).
A f
T= s s=
s
2500 f s
1.15
( )
= 2174f s f s < f y

N1 =4,958a + 882, 246 2,174 fs (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1 a
= N Cc d + C s ( d d )
e 2
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d = 215 mm
e = e + d = 250 + 215 = 465 mm
1 a
= N 4,958a 490 + 882, 246 ( 490 60 )
465 2
N2 =
5525a 5.3312a 2 + 815,840 (Eqn. 2)

TS 500-2000 Example 002 - 3

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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000
REVISION NO.: 0

4) Assume c = 358.3 mm, which exceed cb (305 mm).

a = 0.85 358 = 304.6 mm

Substitute in Eqn. 2:
5525 304.6 5.3312 ( 304.6 ) + 815,840
2
N=
2 = 1,907, 643 N

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 359 mm.

490 358.3
=f s = 600 220.2 > 420 MPa
358.3
s = t = f s Es = 0.0011

6) Substitute a = 304.6m and fs 221.2 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:

N1 4,958 ( 304.6 ) + 882, 246 2174 ( 220.2
= = ) 1,907, 601 N
which is very close to the calculated N2 of 2,002,751 (less than 1% difference)
250
M = Ne = 1908 = 477 kN-m
1000

7) Check if compression steel yields. From strain diagram,

358 60
= s ( 0.003
= ) 0.0025=
> y 0.0021
358
Compression steel yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, section capacity is

N = 1908 kN
M = 477 kN-m

TS 500-2000 Example 002 - 4