Settlement
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
0
Punching
Ultimate Load Shear
3
B. Local Shear
Load 4
Settlement
Test at Greater
5
Depth B^ = B for a Square or Circular Footing.
Surface B^ = 2BL/(B+L) for a Rectangular Footing.
Test
140 0
Standard Penetration Resistance
130 10
N
120 20
N, blows/ft
110 30
Bearing Capacity Factors, Nr and Nq
100 40
90 50
80 60
Nr
70
60
Nq
50
40
30
20
10
0
28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44
Angle of Internal Friction, �, degrees
Dr = 80%
Vertical Stress, �v̀o (kg/cm2)
Dr = 40%
3
Gibbs & Holtz (1957)
Peck & Bazaraa (1969)
Marcuson & Bieganousky (1976)
Schultze & Melzer (1965)
N, Blows/Foot
0 40 80 120 160 200
0
Effective Overburden Pressure, Kips/Square Foot
DR = 100 %
4 (Bazaraa)
DR = 100 %
(Gibbs and Holtz)
8
Dry Cohesionless Soil
Submerged Coarse
Cohesionless Soil
10
ML
d SP 25%
SM an
nge
30
in this ra
0
25
20
1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.75 0.7 0.65 0.6 0.55 0.5 0.45 0.4 0.35 0.3 0.25 0.2 0.15
Void Ratio, e