Working at Heights Procedure

Working at Heights
PROCEDURE
Contents
1.0 Purpose
2.0 Objective
3.0 Scope and limitation
4.0 References and sources of information
5.0 Responsibilities
5.1 University Managers
5.2 University Staff Overseeing Contractors
5.3 Workers
6.0 What is the risk?
7.0 Accessing and working on roofs
7.1 Risk assessment
7.2 Roof register
7.3 Compliance Inspection
7.4 Roof access permit
7.5 Roof access procedure
7.6 Safe work method statements
7.7 Training
7.8 Emergency rescue fall plan
7.9 Signage
7.10 Fall protection equipment
8.0 Portable ladders
8.1 Selecting and positioning ladders
8.2 Ladder maintenance
9.0 Fixed ladders
10.0 Elevating work platforms
10.1 Types of elevating work platforms
10.2 Assessing risk before using an elevating work platform
10.3 Licencing requirements
10.4 Working near overhead power lines
10.5 Pre-start inspections
10.7 Emergency procedures
10.8 Shutting down the elevating work platform and securing the site
11.0 Checklists and templates
11.2 C1 Roof Risk Assessment checklist
11.3 C2 Roof Access Permit and Emergency Rescue Fall plan checklist
11.4 C3 Harness / Lanyard / Ropes: Register and Inspection checklist
11.5 C4 Portable Ladders: Register and Inspection checklist
11.6 C5 EWP Site Risk Assessment checklist
11.7 T1 Roof Register spread-sheet
11.8 T2 Roof Access Permit register
Document Name: Work Health & Safety Approver: Matt Stafford Date: May 2013
Location: C:\Users\Home\Desktop\WHS Uploads\Height Safety\1. Working at Heights Procedure.docx V: 2
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Copyright Macquarie University
1.0 Purpose
Macquarie University (MQ) is committed to providing a safe and healthy workplace for staff, students, contractors and
visitors. To meet this commitment it must ensure that work conducted from a height is either eliminated or if this is not
possible, then performed safely with adequate controls to avoid injuries and incidents. This procedure defines how
the University will fulfil its working at heights obligation under the WHS Act 2011 and WHS Regulation 2011.
2.0 Objective
This procedure will provide guidance to MQ management and staff on how to undertake work from heights safely,
and how systems to manage working from heights risks are to be implemented and maintained. The application of
this procedure will help demonstrate that a systematic approach has been applied to identifying working at heights
risk and that appropriate controls have been implemented to manage those risks. Contractors engaged by the
University to perform work at heights are also required to adhere to this procedure and provide evidence of safe
systems of work in relation to working at heights.
The objectives of this procedure are to,

Define what working at heights is
Outline how working at heights hazards are to be identified
Detail how working at heights risk is to be eliminated or controlled
3.0 Scope and limitation

This procedure only applies to those buildings, properties and facilities that are either owned or maintained by the
University. It does not apply to buildings, properties and facilities situated on University grounds but controlled by a
third party entity. It does not include buildings or structures that are being constructed. For the purpose of this
procedure working on roofs also includes working or accessing ceiling space.
4.0 References and other sources of information

WHS Act 2011
WHS Regulations 2011
Managing the Risk of Falls at Workplaces Code of Practice
Building Code of Australia
AS1418.13 Cranes (including Hoists and Winches) Building Maintenance Units
AS/NZS1576 Scaffolding series
AS/NZS 1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders Design, construction and installation
AS/NZS 1891.1 Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices Harnesses and ancillary equipment
AS/NZS 1891.2 Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices Horizontal lifeline and rail systems
AS/NZS 1891.3 Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices Fall arrest devices
AS/NZS 1891.4 Industrial fall-arrest systems and devices Selection, use and maintenance
AS/NZS 1892 Portable ladders series
AS/NZS 4142.3 Fibre ropes man-made fibre rope for static life rescue lines
AS/NZS 4389 Safety mesh
AS/NZS 4488 Industrial rope access systems series
AS/NZS 4488.2 Industrial rope access systems Selection, use and maintenance
AS/NZS 4576 Guidelines for scaffolding
AS 2550.16 Cranes-Safe Use-Mast climbing work platforms
AS/NZS 4994 Temporary edge protection
Workplace Health and Safety Queensland: Safe operation of an elevating work platform
Worksafe Victoria: Prevention of Falls Working on Roofs
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5.0 Responsibilities
5.1 University Managers
Managers of faculties, departments and administrative units are responsible for directing the implementation of the
Working at Heights procedure in relation to workers (including staff and contractors) engaged in areas under their
influence or control.
5.2 University Staff Supervising or Overseeing Contractors

University staff who supervise, oversee, co-ordinate or project manage work that may involve working at heights are
required to implement the relevant sections of this procedure. Where required this includes;
Elements
Issuing the safe work method statements for working at heights to MQ workers
Ensuring contractors have provided adequate safe work method statements for working at heights
Issuing a roof access permit
Ensure workers have undertaken appropriate training
Ensure appropriate fall prevention and / or fall restraint equipment is in place and compliance inspected
Ensure appropriate personal protection equipment is provided and used
Ensure a heights rescue plan is in place
Implement the relevant sections of the contractor management system including random observations
5.3 Workers
MQ staff and contractors engaged to perform work at heights must ensure that they,
Have received adequate training and a copy of the relevant safe work method statement
Advise their supervisor if they have a fear of heights
Where a fall-arrest system is required to be used, do not work alone as they may need to be rescued in the
event of a fall
Have a rescue plan (where required) and are competent in its use
Follow all safety procedures and training in relation to working at heights
Wear the appropriate PPE where required
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6.0 What is the risk?
Working at heights is required to undertake repair, maintenance, fault-finding and cleaning activities. Working at
heights can create hazards for both those working at the height and others who may be below in the vicinity of where
that work is being undertaken.
Working from heights presents the risk of a person falling. A fall risk means a person falling from one level to another
that is reasonably likely to cause injury. There is also risk of the person working from a height causing an item (tool,
equipment, material) to fall; injuring a person below or causing property damage. Risk can arise when working,
in or on plant or structures that are at an elevated level
in or on plant that is being used to gain access to an elevated level
in the vicinity of an opening through which a person could fall
in the vicinity of an edge over which a person could fall
on or in the vicinity of a surface through which a person could fall
on or near the vicinity of a slippery, sloping or unstable surface
The University is required to take action to eliminate these risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If this is not
possible then the risk must be minimised and controlled by other means.
Work that would typically involve working at heights is:

1. Accessing and working on roofs, ceiling spaces and mezzanine levels
2. Using portable and fixed ladders to gain access to an elevated level
3. Performing work from mobile and fixed elevated work platforms
4. Working on plant and structures
7.0 Accessing and Working on Roofs
7.1 Risk Assessment

A risk assessment of every roof on buildings controlled by the University will be conducted to identify,
The type of work that may be undertaken eg: repairs, maintenance, fault finding and cleaning
Whether the need to undertake this work from the roof can be eliminated
What the particular hazards are in relation to each roof
What controls are in place to prevent or restrain a fall
The appropriateness of those controls
Measures required to further minimise or control the risk
The assessment will be conducted by University maintenance staff and co-ordinated by the Health and Safety
Consultant. The Working on Roofs risk assessment template will be used to record information gathered from the
inspection. This information will then be used to assess the level of risk for each roof and to determine further control
measures.
The template will require the assessment team to consider: height, pitch, material, openings, edges, access, and fall
prevention and fall restraint provisions. Photographs will also be included.
Completed assessments will be collated by the Property WHS Consultant for review and record keeping.
Recommendations will be made to MQ Property management.
Use C1 Roof Risk Assessment checklist
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7.2 Roof Register
Each roof will be listed on the roof register. The purpose of the register is to record;
Current safety controls and access requirements
Improvement recommendations
Dates and results of external compliance inspections.
The roof register will be made available to anyone who may require it to manage safety. This includes: MQ staff
undertaking work on a roof, contractors engaged to perform work on a roof, security, the Property Trades and
Grounds HS representative.
Use T1 Roof Register spread-sheet
The roof register should be reviewed annually. The roof register will contain these details:
Requirement Description
Building State the name and/or number/code of the building
Access State how the roof can be accessed: eg, portable ladder/fixed ladder, through a plant room
Details List the materials, height, pitch, parapet height etc relevant to each roof
Plant and equipment List what plant and equipment is located on each roof: eg, air-conditioning units, communications equipment
Hazards List hazards particular to each roof: eg. unrestrained openings/edges, brittle material, electrical, slip hazards
Existing controls List existing controls: eg, enclosed fixed ladders, walk platforms, handrails, static lines, harness anchor points
Risk Transfer the risk score obtained from the risk assessment
Inspection Date Date of the initial risk assessment
Who Names of those who conducted the initial risk assessment
Review Date for the next review and inspection

External External compliance and certificate received (Yes or No)
Inspection Date the external inspection was last done and the date for when the next inspection is due
7.3 Compliance Inspection

An external qualified consultant will be engaged to undertake annual compliance inspections of all fall-restraint, fall-
arrest and work positioning systems such as anchor points, static lines and catch platforms, that are in place on each
roof. The roof register will identify the building and type of fall-arrest provision on the roof.
Each individual fall protection device (including static lines) will be tagged with the date of inspection and
name of the authorising inspector on the tag
Each roof access display sign will indicate the date the inspection was conducted and the date the
inspection is next due
A written certification report will be provided by the consultant to the University
The report will be reviewed by Property management
Recommendations will be taken into consideration after consultation with other stakeholders including the
Property health and safety representative, building project managers and the HS consultant.
The Property Health and Safety Consultant will update the roof register to reflect that the audit has been
conducted. The next review date will be updated on the register.
At the time of this procedure being developed, the University engages Australian Anchor Access Pty Ltd and Phoenix
Lifting to undertake these compliance inspections.
7.4 Roof Access Permit

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Where reasonably practicable, access to a roof or ceiling space should be restricted by a locked security door. The
roof risk assessment will identify where this is practicable. Where access to a roof or ceiling space is required and
work is to be undertaken within 2 metres of an unprotected edge, then authorised people are to apply for a roof
access permit. The intention of the permit is to ensure that,
Risks are considered and appropriate controls are in place before access is obtained
Only authorised and trained workers are granted access to a roof
At least 2 people are working together
A visible permit is displayed by authorised people whilst accessing a roof
The recipient of the permit may gain access keys to the roof or ceiling space given that all other requirements
(including security requirements) have been met. An MQ Property building representative will issue the permit to the
worker/s once they are satisfied the following conditions have been met.
MQ staff Contractors
Completed the MQ induction Completed the MQ online contractor induction

Have undertaken appropriate working at heights training Are on the WHS pre-qualified register
Have safe work method statements for working at heights Have undertaken appropriate working at heights training
Have access to and consulted the roof register prior to work Have provided safe work method statements for working at heights
Have a rescue plan in place where required Have access to and consulted the roof register prior to work
Are NOT working alone Have a rescue plan in place where required
Will report any hazards or concerns they may observe Are NOT working alone
Will report any hazards or concerns they may observe
Use T2 Roof Access Permit and Emergency Rescue Fall Plan template
7.5 Roof Access Procedure

Request for access
1. A person requiring roof access must advise an authorised University officer

2. The person requiring roof access must explain why and detail the nature and longevity of the work
Review the roof register
3. The authorised officer shall review the roof register with the person requiring access
4. Hazards relevant to that roof will be discussed
5. Risk control measures and general precautions to be undertaken during the access will be agreed
Provide a Roof Access Permit
Where work is required to be undertaken within 2 metres of an unprotected edge a roof access permit must be issued by an
6.
authorised University officer
Review SWMS
7. The authorised officer will review the safe work method statement/s of the person requiring roof access
8. Where fall-arrest or fall restraint PPE is required (ie: harness, lanyard) the person must also submit a rescue plan
Agree on risk controls, issue permit

9. Once the authorised officer deems the controls acceptable, they will issue the permit
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10. It is on this permit that the person may obtain the relevant keys for access to doors (where applicable)
11. Security: only issue keys on presentation of a current roof access permit signed by an authorised University officer
12. Person receiving the permit is responsible for supervising the work and implementing the controls
13. The permit must be retained at the work/access area for the duration of the permit
14. The permit must be made available upon request by a University officer or health and safety representative
Permit returned
15. Access keys (where applicable) must be returned to whomever issued them (usually security)
16. Upon completion of the work the person who obtained the permit must return it to the authorising officer
A register of roof access permits issued will be maintained by Property
17.
This register should be updated by the authorised University officer who issued the permit

The University will develop its own safe work method statements for working on roofs in consultation with the
appropriate health and safety representative and applicable workgroups.
The University through the contractor management system and roof access permit process will ensure that
contractors engaged to work on roofs do so in accordance with their own current SWMS.
Safe work method statements must address these issues:

Elements
Training requirements and authorised users
The requirement to consult the roof register and obtain a roof access permit
Avoid working on roofs during adverse weather conditions
Where use of fall arrest PPE is required there must be another authorised and competent person with you
If fall-arrest equipment is required: ensure you are trained in how to use it and a rescue plan is in place
Check that anchor points and/or static lines have been inspected and safe within the inspection period
Provision for communication with others in an emergency (eg: security)
Check for safe access to and from and egress in and around the roof
Provide safe means to transport tools, equipment and materials to the roof
Establish an exclusion zone beneath areas that may present a risk of an item falling
Monitor the structural soundness of the roof before walking on it
Keep roof areas tidy and free from slip/trip/fall hazards
Minimise manual handling whilst on the roof
Wear other PPE as required: appropriate slip resistant shoes, hat, sunglasses, sun-cream
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7.7 Training
Elements MQ staff Contractors
Online WHS induction

Induction Online contractor induction
Macquarie Trades and Grounds WHS Induction
MQ staff will be provided working at heights SWMS Contractors are required to submit their own working at
heights SWMS
SWMS Working on roofs
Using portable and fixed ladders These SWMS will be reviewed by Property and as a
Operating elevating work platforms minimum must address the items listed in the section
above (safe work method statements)
Toolbox talks are a good way to refresh and remind people of Contractors are required through the WHS pre-
Toolbox
safety topics. Toolbox talks should address working at heights qualification questionnaire to demonstrate how they
talks
periodically and as issues arise. consult with workers
External working at heights training including the proper use Contractors required to work at heights must also
and application of safety harnesses will be provided for any MQ demonstrate that they have undertaken suitable working at
External
staff required to work at a height where the use of a safety heights training. Reference to this training in a SWMS may
harness is required. be adequate to demonstrate this.
Inductions will be kept via the ELMO online register Inductions will be kept via the ELMO online register
Excel training register will reflect: induction, safe work Contractors will demonstrate their training record
methods statements and any external working at heights keeping processes through the WHS pre-qualification
Records
training questionnaire.
Toolbox talks record of topics and attendance will be kept on
file under consultation
7.8 Emergency Rescue Fall Plan

A rescue plan is required for each location where a worker is required to work at a height (or depth) where a fall
arrest or fall restraint system is required. Workers should not be required to work at a height unless they are able to
self-rescue or be rescued in the event of a fall. Rescue plans should also be exercised.
Emergency Services must not be relied upon to carry out a rescue unless a specific arrangement has been made
with them. They are unable to guarantee to arrive on time, they may have trouble accessing the site and they may
not have the necessary equipment.
The rescue of a worker suspended in a full body harness must occur promptly to prevent suspension trauma. While
not all fall victims die in harness suspension, the risk of death increases if the prolonged suspension trauma victim
does not either self-rescue or become rescued within 15 minutes after a fall.
Whilst suspended in a harness the leg straps that bear the weight of the suspended person will tighten. Blood will be
pulled down into the legs creating a pooling effect that reduces the amount of blood flow around the body. Breathing
increases and the heart beat may quicken to maintain the flow of oxygenated blood to the brain and organs. If this
fails the heart rate may slow and the suspended person may faint. This reduced heart rate can lower the flow and
quality of blood to the brain and other vital organs which can lead to kidney failure, brain damage and even death.
Signs of suspension trauma include: faintness, nausea, breathlessness, dizziness, sweating, unusually slow heart
rate, unusually low blood pressure, paleness, hot flushes, loss of visions, increased heart rate.
Fall victims can slow the onset of suspension trauma by keeping the muscles active to maintain blood circulation by,
Pushing down vigorously with their legs and mobilising other limbs
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Frequently pump the legs against a firm surface
Positioning the body in a horizontal or slight leg-high position
Standing up or resting the feet against something nearby (eg: a ledge, window sill on the side of a building)
The ability of the victim to prevent the onset of suspension trauma may be effected by the design of the harness
and/or any injuries sustained in the fall.
Following the rescue of a suspended person, they should be placed in a knees bent W sitting position for at least
30-40 minutes. This will help to slowly release any pooled / toxic blood back towards the heart and allow the body the
chance to process and remove any toxins from the blood. If the casualty were to be laid down after a rescue the
pooled / toxic blood would rush back into the heart and other organs which could cause heart attack or organ failure.
The exception to placing a person in the W position would be in circumstances where there is a suspected spinal
injury. Generally a person who has fallen approximately 4 metres could be assumed to have suffered a spinal injury.
Anyone who has been suspended in an arrested fall should be treated as a
medical emergency and immediate medical treatment arranged.
Considerations for rescue planning Yes/No
The safety of the rescue team: do not place anyone elses life in danger
Is the person conscious or unconscious?
What is the body-holding device?
Is the person suspended or is their body being supported by something in addition to the harness (ie. suspension trauma straps)
Ability to communicate with external emergency services & MQ security without having to leave the site
Communication methods: note, mobile phones & other static generating devices should not be used within 5 metres of any

category 1 or category 2 (atmospheric contaminants) confined space
Is the person injured but still capable of self-rescue?
Is the person uninjured and capable of self-rescue?
Is the person injured and requiring treatment at height by a member of the rescue team or emergency services?
Can the person be winched up/down eg: by a davit/tripod, winch?
The use of an elevating work platform if available. Rescuer must also be harnessed to the EWP
Instructions to be given to emergency services
Availability of rescue equipment: ladders, other harnesses, EWPs, tripods, winches, stretcher, controlled descent devices etc.
What obstructions are in the way of reaching the suspended person
Can the rescue be completed within 15 minutes to minimise the risk of further injury/death due to suspension trauma?
Note: emergency services may not be the primary means of rescue due to geographical constraints and time restrictions.
Components
Details of the site / location
How the person is to be rescued
Responsibilities who will do what
Equipment required
Communication methods: mobile phone, 2-way radio + contact details of emergency services, security etc.
Use T2 Roof Access Permit and Emergency Rescue Fall Plan checklist
7.9 Signage
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Where a door, landing or other structural element provides access to a roof or ceiling space, adequate signage must
be displayed to prohibit unauthorised entry. Where authorised people may access a roof or ceiling that requires them
to be harnessed to a fixed anchor point, that access point (ie: door) must display,
A warning sign instructing the authorised person to use an appropriate safety harness
A compliance plate or similar stating when the anchor points where last inspected by a qualified person
Examples of such displays;
7.10 Fall protection equipment

A register of all fall protection equipment (full body harnesses, lanyards, ropes) used and kept by Property will be
maintained. This equipment shall be inspected twice a year at even intervals as part of the Property safety inspection
regime. This does not replace the need for users to conduct a visual inspection of equipment before using it. Check,
Identification label present with date of manufacture, shelf life not greater than 10 years
No cuts or abrasions to rope or webbing
No cuts or abrasions to stitching
No damage due to contact with heat, corrosives, chemicals, friction
No discolouration due to chemical or prolonged UV exposure
No excessive stiffness due to overloading (possible as a result of a fall)
Defects found as part of the inspection regime or pre-start check shall be tagged out of service and referred to the
maintenance supervisor. Equipment exceeding the manufacturers expiry date will be destroyed.
Use C2 Harness / Lanyard / Ropes: Register and Inspection checklist
8.0 Portable Ladders
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Extension or single ladders (including step ladders) should generally only be used as a means of access to or egress
from a work area. They should only be considered as a working platform for light work of short duration, so long as
this work can be carried out safely on the chosen ladder.
8.1 Selecting and Positioning Ladders

Ladders must be suitable for the task: whether to access/egress, or for light work of short duration.
Consider the physical surrounds (suitability of the ground to balance the ladder, exposure/proximity to power
lines), the type of task, the duration of the task and the prevailing weather conditions
Have a load rating of at least 120kg, be manufactured for industrial use and have warning stickers
All portable ladders should be inspected before use: check for cracks, worn or loose rungs, bent or
damaged components, stickers or paint that may hide a defect
All portable ladders should have slip resistant base feet, rungs and steps
Portable ladders must be set up to prevent slipping, tipping or falling. The following principles should be implemented
to prevent such occurrences.
Single and extension ladders
Where these ladders are used to access or egress, check that
There is a firm, stable platform to step onto from the ladder
The ladder extends at least one metre above the stepping-off point on the platform
Fall protection (fall prevention or fall arrest) provisions are in place where people step off onto the platform / roof
Safely using these ladders involves
Placing the ladder at a slope of 4:1 against a solid and stable supporting structure
Ensuring the ladder is the correct height for the task and positioned correctly to avoid reaching or stretching
Securing the ladder at the top, bottom or at both ends if necessary to prevent slipping or sliding
Setting up the ladder on firm, stable and solid ground
Securing all locking devices on the ladder
Using three points of contact when ascending/descending: avoid carrying tools/materials use a tool belt (or similar)
Facing the ladder when ascending/descending and/or working from it
Only performing light work of short duration: three points of contact can be maintained, tools can be safely operated using one hand
Wearing slip resistant shoes

In these situations, ladders are not to be used without additional appropriate precautions
In access areas or doorways if necessary, erect a barrier, lock the door shut, or have a second person keep watch
On scaffolding or an elevating work platform to get extra height
Next to power lines unless the worker is trained, authorised and using the appropriate ladder
In very wet or windy conditions
Next to traffic area, unless the area is suitably barricaded and sign-posted
Step ladders
Should be in the fully opened position with locking devices engaged when in use
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Should not be used near the edge of an open floor, penetration or beside any railing
Do not stand higher than the second tread below the top plate of any stepladder (with the exception of a three-rung step ladder)
When using ladders it is not safe to
Use metal or metal reinforced ladders when working on live electrical installations
Carry out work such as arc welding or oxy cutting
Work over other people
Allow anyone else to be on the ladder at the same time
Over-reach the centre of the torso should be within the ladder stiles whilst you work
Use any tool that requires two hands to operate (eg: concrete cutting saw, circular saw, grinder)
Use any tool that requires a high degree of force or leverage that could cause the person to over-balance and fall
Stand on a rung closer than 900mm to the top of a single or extension ladder
8.2 Ladder maintenance

A register of all ladders used and kept by Property will be maintained. Ladders shall be inspected twice a year at
even intervals as part of the Property safety inspection regime. This does not replace the need for ladder users to
conduct a visual inspection of a ladder before using it. Identify faults including,
Fibreglass stiles cracked, chipped or severely faded with fibres exposed
Timber stiles warped, splintered, cracked or bruised
Metal stiles twisted, bent, kinked, crushed or with cracked welds or damaged feet
Rungs, steps, treads or top plates missing, worn, damaged or loose
Tie rods missing, broken or loose
Ropes, braces or brackets missing, broken or worn
Ladder components covered with paint or stickers that could hide faults or defects
Missing, worn, loose, bent fasteners such as rivets, bolts, pins
Worn or damaged feet and non-slip material
Defects found as part of the inspection regime or pre-start check shall be tagged out of service and referred to the
maintenance supervisor. In consultation with the health and safety representative a decision will be made whether to
repair or replace the ladder and the necessary arrangements made.
Use C3 Portable ladder register and inspection checklist
9.0 Fixed Ladders

Fixed ladders are to be installed in accordance with AS1657 Fixed Platforms, Walkways, Stairways and Ladders
Design, Construction and Installation. Property project managers and building services officers are responsible for
ensuring any new installation of a fixed ladder is done in accordance with this standard.
Some installation principles
The angle of slope should not be less than 70 degrees or greater than 75 degrees to the horizontal
In no case should the ladder overhang the person climbing the ladder
If the angle of slope is more than 75 degrees a safe system of work to prevent falls should be provided: such as a permanent or
temporary fall-arrest system (anchorage lines or rails), or a full body harness with double arm lanyard.
10. Elevating Work Platforms

The use of an elevating work platform (EWP) may be a safer means of accessing or working at a height. Examples
include: cutting high branches from a tree, changing a light globe from an outdoor light pole.
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However, the use of a EWP is potentially dangerous: it is a mobile machine that may operate in workplaces where
people are about, and there is also the possibility of the machine toppling, overturning or malfunctioning.
10.1 Types of elevating work platforms

Trailer mounted EWP
Self-propelled EWP with scissor arms
Self-propelled EWP with telescoping boom
Self-propelled EWP with telescoping knuckle boom
Vehicle-mounted EWP
10.2 Assessing risk before using an elevating work platform

Before using a EWP a risk assessment must be conducted and a work plan developed to identify and control
hazards. This will involve,
Pre-plan: Find out the job requirements
The type of work to be done
The location of the work: look at other activities in the area, access/egress issues, environment
The height of the work
Approvals required
Time allocated to do the work
Tools, equipment, materials required
Procedures: Determine what procedures apply
Safe work methods statements
Safety equipment: barricades, PPE (safety harness, hard hat, high-visibility clothing, protective eye wear
Personnel: use of spotters
First-Aid, emergency preparedness, emergency procedures
Training and licencing requirements
Safe work methods statements
Risk Assessment: Inspect the work area
Look for: trenches, roads, unstable/uneven ground, overhead power lines, pedestrians)
Determine what barricades/traffic controls will be required to create your exclusion zone
Determine signage and spotter requirements
Consider lighting
Look for: trenches, roads, unstable/uneven ground, overhead power lines, pedestrians)
Determine what barricades/traffic controls will be required to create your exclusion zone
Use C4 EWP work site hazard identification and control checklist
10.3 Licencing requirements

The WHS Regulation 2011 requires licencing to carry out high risk work. The following equipment may be used (but not
limited to) for tasks involving working at heights.
1. Materials hoist
2. Personnel and materials hoist
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3. Boom-type elevating work platform
MQ staff and contractors who operate this type of equipment must hold a current licence in accordance with the
requirements in the WHS Regulation 2011. This includes the operation of an elevating work platform (EWP) where the
boom length is greater than 11 metres. Where a licence to carry out high risk work is not required (ie: for the use of
scissor lifts or EWPs with a boom length less than 11 metres), then the University will require its workers to hold a current
yellow ticket. A yellow ticket is formal training provided by an accredited external trainer. Once complete the learner will
be issued a certificate of competency by the training provider.
10.4 Working near overhead power lines

EWPs are frequently used near power lines because they are designed to provide work access at a height. Contact
with these lines or with other objects touching these lines is a serious risk that can result in electrocution, electric
shock, burns, fires and explosions.
Work within 4 metres of a power-line should not be undertaken. Work within 4 metres of a power-line (including tree
pruning, branch lopping where a part of the tree to be pruned or lopped is within 4 metres of the power-line) must be
referred to the power authority who may have to arrange the work.
When inspecting the site before work commences, special consideration must be given to the location of overhead
power-lines and the proximity of the work to those power-lines. Exclusion zones and safe approach distances from
power lines must be established.
Conduct a risk assessment of the proposed work
If necessary consult with the relevant electrical supply authority for assistance and direction
Ensure a safety observer/spotter is used whenever a EWP is in operation
Ensure an effective communication system is in place for the workers performing the work
LOOK UP AND LIVE
10.5 Pre-start inspections

Before operating a EWP, the authorised person must conduct a pre-start inspection to ensure any defects are found
before the unit is used. The pre-start inspection must be done in accordance with the manufacturers specifications,
and this should be found within the service log book that comes with the EWP. The log book will provide,
Records of regular service checks
A pre-start checklist
Records of any faults or defects
If a service is overdue inform the owner of the unit and do not use it. Check the safe working load (SWL) of the unit
and ensure that this will not be exceeded. If following the pre-start inspection any defect is found, the unit must be
tagged out of order and secured against operation.
10.6 Safe work method statement

MQ employees authorised to use a EWP must be provided the safe work method statement and hold a valid yellow
ticket before commencing work. They must also be adequately supervised and instructed relevant to their skill and
experience. The safe work method statement will cover,
Planning and conducting an elevation
Moving the EWP
Conducting work from an EWP: working above facilities, using solvents and chemicals, restraining tools
Personal protective equipment: hard hat, safety harness, high-visibility clothing, eye protection
Emergency procedures
Shutting down and securing the EWP
Page 14 of 16
Contractors engaged and required to operate a EWP must provide the University with a current SWMS in relation to
that work.
10.7 Emergency Procedures

Each EWP will have different controls and specifications. Before use, the operator must become familiar with these
specifications. In the event of an emergency these principles should be followed.
Call for help immediately: have the spotter call the supervisor and then contact the electricity
Entanglement with power lines
authority and wait for further advice
Try to make contact with the person: yell out, call their mobile phone (if applicable)
Collapse of a person on the platform If you get no response call for first-aid assistance (call MQ Security)
Check for hazards in and around the EWP (eg: power lines, hazardous substances)
If you notice a person suspended on a If no hazards are found and the machine is safe, switch it to ground controls and lower the
EWP has fainted or passed out platform to the ground.
If there is an electrical hazard do NOT touch the unit. Call the electrical authority.
Stop work immediately and lower the platform to the ground if possible.
EWP starts to tilt Get off the unit and try to identify the cause: eg. unstable ground, outrigger failure, mechanical
If the EWP starts to tilt to one side or hydraulic fault.
If the problem cannot be rectified seek advice from a competent person before any attempt is
made to elevate the platform again.
EWP motor fails Call out to the assistant person below at ground level to use the ground controls to lower
Bleeding the valves of the hydraulic arms
Lower the work platform by Use the emergency descent device (if one is fitted)
Release the EDD safety release clip: press the securing pin
Ensure there is no-one beneath the platform
Attach the EDD to the D ring on the safety harness
Use of emergency descent device Disconnect the safety strap from the safety harness and climb to the outside of the basket
Use one hand to hold the rope just below the EDD and the other hand to hold onto the basket
If the platform cannot be safely lowered Release your foothold from the basket and transfer your hand from the basket to the rope
above the EDD
Increase or decrease your speed by changing the angle at which the tail of the rope is fed into
the EDD
10.8 Shutting down the EWP and securing the site
Before lowering the platform ensure the area beneath is clear of people and obstructions
Lowering the unit If people are present (ie: the assistant) sound the horn and wait for them to re-locate
Lower the boom slowly and carefully
Once lowered, drive the unit to its designated parking or collection area
Once parked, lower it fully and turn everything off, remove the keys
Remove your harness: store in a safe place
Stowing the unit Take your tools and equipment
Disembark from the unit using the stairs provided, maintain three points of contact
Shut down the engine and isolate the fuel supply
If required: place the unit on charge
Retract the outrigger footplates

Retract the outrigger beams
Securing and stowing outriggers
Lock in the outriggers with the right pins (if applicable)
Clean the steel plates
Page 15 of 16
Visually check the unit for damage or leaks
Hydraulic arms: ensure they have not been damaged or bent
Boom: for dents, cracks in its welds and joints
Post-operational safety checks Slew ring: for bending or other damage
Basket: ensure it is in good working order and has not been damaged
Outriggers/stabilisers: ensure they are in good working order and not damaged
Safety devices: ensure they are intact and operational
Secure the EWP against unauthorised use by either,

Chaining the machine to a post (or similar sturdy structure)
Site security Removing the platform control panel (as is possible with some machines)
Lock the machine in a safe place
Fence off with temporary fencing that can be locked
11.0 Checklists and Templates
All checklists and templates can be found at:
C:\1. Property\4. Administration\3. Risk Control\2. SWP's\Working at Heights

Safe Work Method Statements: Portable ladders, Roofs, Elevating Work Platforms
C1 Roof Risk Assessment checklist
C2 Harness / Lanyard / Ropes register and inspection checklist
C3 Portable Ladders register and inspection checklist
C4 EWP Work Site Risk Assessment checklist
T1 Roof Register spread-sheet
T2 Roof Access Permit and Emergency Rescue Fall Plan template
T3 Roof Access Permit register
Page 16 of 16

Working at Heights Procedure

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Working at Heights Procedure

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Working at Heights

The objectives of this procedure are to,

3.0 Scope and limitation

4.0 References and other sources of information

5.2 University Staff Supervising or Overseeing Contractors

Issuing a roof access permit

Ensure workers have undertaken appropriate training

Ensure appropriate personal protection equipment is provided and used

Ensure a heights rescue plan is in place

Work that would typically involve working at heights is:

7.0 Accessing and Working on Roofs

7.1 Risk Assessment

Use C1 Roof Risk Assessment checklist

Use T1 Roof Register spread-sheet

Building State the name and/or number/code of the building

Inspection Date Date of the initial risk assessment

Who Names of those who conducted the initial risk assessment

Review Date for the next review and inspection

7.3 Compliance Inspection

7.4 Roof Access Permit

Completed the MQ induction Completed the MQ online contractor induction

7.5 Roof Access Procedure

1. A person requiring roof access must advise an authorised University officer

Agree on risk controls, issue permit

7.6 Safe work method statements

Safe work method statements must address these issues:

Training requirements and authorised users

Avoid working on roofs during adverse weather conditions

Provision for communication with others in an emergency (eg: security)

Monitor the structural soundness of the roof before walking on it

Keep roof areas tidy and free from slip/trip/fall hazards

Minimise manual handling whilst on the roof

Online WHS induction

7.8 Emergency Rescue Fall Plan

Considerations for rescue planning Yes/No

Is the person conscious or unconscious?

What is the body-holding device?

Is the person uninjured and capable of self-rescue?

Can the person be winched up/down eg: by a davit/tripod, winch?

Instructions to be given to emergency services

What obstructions are in the way of reaching the suspended person

Details of the site / location

How the person is to be rescued

Responsibilities who will do what

Examples of such displays;

7.10 Fall protection equipment

8.0 Portable Ladders

8.1 Selecting and Positioning Ladders

Single and extension ladders

Where these ladders are used to access or egress, check that

There is a firm, stable platform to step onto from the ladder

Setting up the ladder on firm, stable and solid ground

Securing all locking devices on the ladder

Facing the ladder when ascending/descending and/or working from it

Wearing slip resistant shoes

On scaffolding or an elevating work platform to get extra height

In very wet or windy conditions

When using ladders it is not safe to

Carry out work such as arc welding or oxy cutting

Work over other people

Allow anyone else to be on the ladder at the same time

8.2 Ladder maintenance

9.0 Fixed Ladders

10. Elevating Work Platforms