!#"
i i
Como Construir
um Compilador
Utilizando
Ferramentas Java
i i
i i
i i
$%&
&'(
!)
i i
i i
i i
i i
*%+
%&
,
-'.
!0/
i i
Como Construir
um Compilador
Utilizando
Ferramentas Java
Mrcio Delamaro
Novatec Editora
i i
i i
i i
+
$%&
-'12
!3
i i
D 5 ; 5EF5E ;$'7G>H: 5E 78 E +781I; 5E J7 5 :G>K; 5E L>M')AB>BC "N
3;$<">
% "NCPOQ7 5 .';0
78+7 5 ;$RS+T 5 ;$ E :U 5 78VNW< E W 5 L7UKMXVN 5 7ZY%RMKY%R+7[7 5 E8EG5 V E >W\7G]>1 '^R$: 5 7G'_>S+T 5 V
5 7` E 78.: 5 V; 5 R$: 5 7ab;)?@;$.: 5 7UC
= 5 1:G>(?@;H: 5 7U)AB:8;C
c`R 465 e E Cds 5 78+'780;$ n 787 5%E Vt">
3u 465 evCd
"
"Npw
"N m T 5<f RM 5 V m f u n 7U E .M
D +MXC.6xJoo#""Jopwo
jgydxJooz""Jo
pw
?kprWi'M{ke 5 1:G>I| e 5 1:8>N;$.: 5 7UC 5 W}C 7
m .:Gk~`~`~C e 5 1:G>+>;$.: 5 78C 5 W}C 7
i i
i i
i i
NLP LLLyPLL\ LBKL [L ,
i i
Sumrio
P+B[[
@ t
X ++
$C'"^M.t: 5E VM'I1 7U E M.'eRL>e E CJCCJCCJCCC(CCJCCJCCCJCCJCC(CCC
$C m >W<e%:GK+<;)M.'eR+W CCJCCJCCJCCC(CCJCCJCCCJCCJCC(CCC//
X ++
$Cq^W7 5 7UWi3+W CCCJCCJCCJCCJCCC(CCJCCJCCCJCCJCC(CCC//
X ++
[ {>6%B P
i i
i i
i i
NLy LtyPt 't ZtB
i i
[ {>& PN$ {
P>, II P> P
L - P>
B[ , L P> t
6@ -- t P
[ {>& P - I t
i i
i i
i i
*%+
%&
&1 .(
!<q
i i
Z `+ 1 '
[ {>& P 2B [ - I t
t [ {>& P I &` L
-0
B {
L< t
> P
i i
i i
i i
1 .'
!3
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
$%&
-.gQ
!0
i i
Lista de Figuras
"C'" f 7 5 E8EG5E ;$#%a 5 W).MKS>T 5 #LFM'.e>;$KS+T 5 CCCJCCJCCCJCCJCC(CCC
.g
i i
i i
i i
$%&
g
!"N
i i
g `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
"NC."?kg$+W<M 5 ;$bM 5 +S+T 5 ;$b7GRW<+e%: 5%E e 5 1: 5 7`;$178'I1+ E M 5 + E CCCC/
i i
i i
i i
+ }
%&
,
&g$
!""
i i
Prefcio
^WM.'1 7 5E5 78 5 W<'M'; 5 78 E ;$+1+78'-78 E +e%:U73RW<1 E T 5 +7UM E5 7Gz:G]NeK+ E ;$
5 W<.MKS>T 5 VB +787UW<+e%:8 E V[M'K+S E :UC}? E :GzM.'1 7 5 ]#t+WWi E W 5 ;$ E : 5 V[1 E : 5 Y%R
W 5E :G7Ui 5 W 5 5 e E :G78R'7^RW 5 W<.MK; 5 7NVR$:G'M'._N<:G]NeK+ib +7878W)>e%:8 E E LN . + E 7U
:8My.e%:8+e%: 5 C
465 W EGE E5 v*:G'1 5%E >WW<+e%:GV 7 5 R7 5 Rp E Wie%:G>7 5 Wi E}E 'W<M. E 5%EGEG 1+M 5
E :G'M 5 ; E :GM'.1 7 5 C? E 5 M.9>R$p E RWW<]: 5 ; 5 ;eM. E E .e%:U:GK+} >7G7UW<+e%:U E 7U
E Rb'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 > E Y%R 5%EGE W E +7a 5 W<78+>e;$K; 5E 5 WM.RW E 5 7US 5 W< E W 5
5 7^*7G'e'Ke%:G E C3OW 5E :G7U;VB;$) 5 78Wiz;$+:8M.9;VP: 5 ;}z'W<M'+W<+e%:8S+T 5 ;$<RW
5 W<.MK; 5 73L7URWiM'.eR+W}VZ+W0 5 787G E :87G.:8VZ 5 W +78 :8+7 'E :GK+ E .W< 5 7G:8e:8 E C
?dW7:8'+RM'7>VRWibM'.eR+W 5 78.>e%:8; 5 $v*+: 5%E CZ 5b eLML; 5 7 5 v*: 5 6:8+7U 5 M'+.: 5 7
E :G E S+T 5 ;$;$ E +e 1 5 M'1+7 E +RQ7878 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NVaYR 5 ;$>78 E +7#R:G'M.'_>; 5 7U
'W)M.>W)>e%:87 7 5 7UWi E 78> E VLY%R3g$>+R$:G>W>WRWW3'+e%:G37GNMXVY%R3]3sY%R'e
'7G:GRMBI1C
Pr-requisitos
? E L>78p E ; 5 M'+.: 5 7a 5 e9>'W<+e%: 5%E 7G]>1% 5EFEG5 78 ;$'1>7 EG5E E8E Re: 5E Ck 7G'W<+'7 5 :G' 5
E +78'07U<Y%R E >7G1 78)Y%Rb;$ E vW 5E 5 e E :G78R.7aRW 5 W).MK; 5 7>C
E >Re; 5 H:8+W e>+ E8E 7G 5 KJ R$:G'M'._NS+T 5 ;$ E :G@M.'1 7 5 ] 5 ; 5 W e 5 ;$@M'RW<aM''eR>W
I
;$7 5 7UWiS>T 5 V6;$78 >7 >eK,I1VF 5 E V^M']+W; E +7#R$:8.M''_>; 5 W 5 M''eR>W
78,,'W<M'+W<+e%:8S+T 5 ; 5 5 W<.MK; 5 7NV6:UW0L]>W 5 ] 5 W 5 I
78 >7 >eK- 5 W<78S+T 5
78iM.'eRL>W)prM.1 5 ; 5 5 W).MK; 5 7>C 465 e9N'W)>e%: 5E E K 5E ;$bM'.eR+e E 5 78Wi E
g$
i i
i i
i i
*%$
L&g$.(
!"N
i i
^R:GWi: 5E[ eH: 5E V>W3 5 7UJeT 5 'e;$ E t+e E I1> E V++7G:8W<>e:8^v*R;7UT 5 e 5 W)7G>+e E T 5
; 5 :G+g : 5 C
^M']+W LI
;VP])+M'7 5 VPW3R.:8+ >eK#78 E >R'7 5%E .e%:G>7GW<'eI1> E :G78>U9 5%E ;z'W)M.+p
W<+e%:8S+T 5 'eM'R ; 5E e 5 :Gg : 5 C'C.C
Agradecimentos
^78;$>S 5 &: 5 ; 5%E05%E Y%R 5 MK 5 7U7UW;$M'RWi& 5 78Wie+MK 5 7US>T 5 ; E :G}M.'1 7 5 C
MH
?dWL7G:GKRMK7NV0W<+R E M'Re 5%E ;( 5 W<'M'; 5 78 E A BV n : 5 V(R E :8I1 5 E V er E V( E >M.V
^eL;$7G]>'V f RM'.e9V=+1 E VRM''e 5 VRM''eC
i i
i i
i i
2"
!">/
i i
Captulo 1
Introduo
M.>H: 5 7@Y%R E ^'e:8+78 E8E ( 5 7@ 5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ;$ 5 W<.MK; 5 78 E 7 5 1I1+M'W<+e%:Gv E ' 5 Y%R
]JJ7U0Y%R E +781(RW 5 W<'M'; 5 7NC fZ5 7` E8E5 V 1IW 5E t+e E 7G>1>W)>e%:G;$ E +R$:G'7^Y%R E
E T 5 E ReLS E ; E +W<L>e9; E 5 7bRW 5 W<.MK; 5 7NC D W3t]+W 5 78;78+W 5E 5 W 5E
E :G78R$:8R78<'e%:G>7GeW<+e%:GbRW 5 W<'M'; 5 73 5 W)>e%:878+W 5%E`E5 7Gbi +7878W)>e%:8i%I1I 4`4 V
RW+7U; 5 7a;$b 5 W).MK; 5 7G E Y%R E +7U0R$:G'M.'_>; 5 e E :GJ:8g : 5 C
5 K7 5 'H
5 e%:G ; 5 ;) 5%E KS+T 5 ;W)>W<78'z">
378 5 78+ E :G7U; 5 7F nm
5 K7 5 5 e%:G'H; 5 ;) 5%E KS+T 5 ;W)>W<78'z">
" 78 5 78+ E :G7U; 5 7 n m
EG5 Wi7 5 5 e%:G' H;5 ;$ n >W /m
5 K7 5 5 e%:G' H;5 ;$ 7U)< 5%E KS+T 5 ;$W<>W)7GKz">
C
465 W 5 RW<+e%: 5 ;b 5 W<M.+g$';;$ ; 5E 7 5 7UWi E ;$( 5 W)R$:8; 5 7NV: 5 78e 5 R$p E ^e>+ E p
I
E 78 5 ;$ E >e%1 5 M'1 +pXM 5E e RWe 1+M%;$@ E :878S+T 5 RW 5 R 5 Wi E >M.>1I; 5 VNW<+e 5%E ;$>L>e;$+e%:8
; E 'e E :G78RS E ;$ RWi0;$+:G>7GW<'e;3WiY%R'eCZj 5 78W+7GK; E V E8E .W}V$ E M.'eRL>e E ;$
"
i i
i i
i i
,
!"+
i i
`a`a Z0*[`ad* )a
M.: 5 e 1+MXVLY%R E R E :G.:GR>W E 'e E :87GRLS E ; 5E 5 W<R$:U; 5 7G E 5 7 5 Wie; 5%E Rv E R$:8.M'.p
_>S+T 5 5 W<7G>+e E T 5<E T 5 W< E > E C fZ5 7`g$>W)M 5 V 5 5 WieL; 5
c = a + b;
'e;$K+iY%RY%R+78+W 5E`EG5 Wi7 5 5 e%:G ; 5 'H ;$RWi< 5E 'S>T 5 ;$W<+W<7GK0Y%RJ 5 U9W<;
t+M 5 7 5 7UWi; 5 7i;$ A 5 W 5 5 e%:G ; 5 'H ;, 5%E KS+T 5 ;$W<+W<7GK,U9Wi;,;$ B
5 M 5 >7 5 7G E RM.:8; 5 e< 5%E KS+T 5 ;(W<>W)7GK<U9Wi;0; poIC
m # E M''eR>e E ;$<7 5 7UWiS>T 5 W0R;78W 78;$K+M'W<+e%:GV 5E 5 W<R$:U; 5 7G E e RW
>7: 5zE +e%:GK; 5 L>7GWie>++W'eM.:G>78; 5E E } 5 e E >R>W +e%:8+e;$>7*3'e E :G78RS E(E 'W)M. E
0Y%R) E :GvW e 5E >R&78+t+7G:G78 5 C fZ5 7( EGEG5 Vt7 5 7UWi E E 78H: 5E +WM'.eR+e E ;$0MH: 5
e 1>MB78> E W E +7 5 e 1>7:8'; 5%E e E8E E .e E :G78RS E e%:G E ;$ E +78+W+g$>R:8; 5E Ck? EGE )]b
78.eL'MZ:87G'RKS+T 5 ;$)RW 5 W).MK; 5 7>F:878e E 5 7GWi7RW7 5 78Wi< E 78H: 5 e RWi#M'.ep
RL>W;$MH: 5 e 1+Mu0Y%R^U9WiW 5%E ;$^M'.eR+W 5 e%:G`u3+W .e E :G78RS E g$NR$:UI1+ E
5 7`RWi<;$:8+78W<.e;)WiY%R'e3u#Y%RbU9LWiW 5E ;$+ ;. 5)5 $v*: 5 C
PROGRAMA PROGRAMA
FONTE OBJETO
COMPILADOR
qrs
Fonte 1 Obj. 1
Fonte 2 Obj. 2
Fonte n Obj. n
qts
j[.R78"C."u f 7 5 + E8E5%E ;$ia 5 W<'M'S+T 5 i taM.'e>;$KS+T 5 C
i i
i i
i i
/,
!"No
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 wvyx0*0ZaVz|{b /
5 eM' E ; 5 7FM.]+g$' 5 m
5 eM' E ; 5 7 E 'e%:8:GK 5 m
5 eM' E ; 5 7 E >Wie%:GK 5 m
5 +7U; 5 7F;J+$;$. 5 C
}~XM}wp~ S=d=_g_&:b'[
5 eM. E 7a:8MB+e%:878;V 5 eLM' E ; 5 7aM.]+g K 5 ;$>1>7GK)';$>e%:G +7^ I
5 5 787 >eK3;b E W)p
5 M 5E C[M.]>W;$ EGEG5 V 5 eM. E ; 5 7k;$>1`+:G> 5 78'_>7Z+;JRW ;$+M' E V'e;$K+e; 5 ;$Y%RF:G' 5
]Y%R>M. EG W0 5 M 5 CZ= 5 + E5 e%:G>7G 5 7NV%:G>7 W 5E
"I/3u 5 e E :Ue%:G('e:8+'78 m
gy" ue 5 W);$17GKI1>M 5 Rz7 5 N;$.W<>e: 5 m
m$u EG W3 5 M 5 E t>+'M* 5 e%: 5 prpr1 78RMKI
m
bue 5 W);$17GKI1>M 5 Rz7 5 N;$.W<>e: 5 m
:87GR(u# 5 e E :8e%:GJ 5 5 M.Ne m
t+.ezu#M'I1 7U378 E +781;C
1%KW<>e:8b E8E #MK E8E >S+T 5 ;$+t+e;0;$)YRLM[M.'eRL>W 5 e%:Gb E :U E +e; 5 eM..p
E ;C)MK E8E >S>T 5 5 ;$ E >77GNMZ78M.'eRL>W f E +MXVBWi E ++7G:8W<>e:8<eT 55
]3L7UiI1V 5 eL;$3#LMKI1%7U*t+.e$3eT 5 :8+W e>e9 RW E 'e >; 5 E t>+'M0 5 ;$ E >7
R$:8.M'._N;Vk 5 70+g$+W<M 5 Vd 5 W 5 e 5 W<;$z17GKI1>M{C& EGE 'WV@7U;$+:G+78W<.eL70Y%R E)E T 5
5E<EG W0 5 M 5%E Y%R;$>1>W E >7078> 5 e9NK; 5E t+M 5 AdVk;$>1+W 5%E 78> 5 787G>7 J ;$ E 78'S>T 5 ;
M'.eR+W}C
i i
i i
i i
!">
i i
`a`a Z0*[`ad* )a
u 5 e E :Ue%:G('e:8+'78 m
@ L u#e 5 W)b;(17GKI1>M 5 Rz7 5 N;$'W)>e%: 5 m
u E W3 5 M 5 E LNKMG78U9I1 m
u#M'I1 7U378 E +781;C
R$:G7 5 : 5 7iYR}; +RM.:8- 5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ; 5 A ]Y%R E :G} 5 ;>e 5 e%:G7U7Gp E #+W
E :8; 5E );$. +78+e%:G E V;# 5 78; 5 5 W 5%E +7U:G>7G E Y%R E T 5 +e 5 e%:G7U; 5E e 5 7 5 7UWi
5 e%:8C fZ5 7`+g$+W<M 5 V;$ EGE +W 5%E 9< 5 R 5 Y%Rb<78 E +eLS+);$RW |e 5 7 5 7UWi 5 e:8
+R E <RW +787 5 ;$>e 5 W<'e; 5 +787 5 M']g$K 5 C^s E E8E5 eLT 5 ]b1+7U;; E >W)7GC m 078>++7
e 5 7 5 78W<b 5 e%:G
= 5 > :GRM 5 /b1+78+W 5%E 5 W 5 K;$>e:8 +7@ MK E8E >7 5%EdE W3 5 M 5E ;$RWiM''eR>W
5 W 5 5 e E :G78R'7`RWA@C
b ^ } g ~
^g
i i
i i
i i
,o
!"Iq
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 wvyx0*0ZaVz|{b o
m ;$>1 E +7F+_^;$ eM. E 7k E8E 7 5 7UWi(^78> 5 e9N prM 5 I 5 W 5 1M''; 5 C f 7UJ E8E5 V
5 m 78> E E L>7 Y%R0L E iLMKI1%7U)7G E >7G1; pb;$>131 '7RW VRWii+g 7G EGE T 5
RW CZ> 5 E ;$ EGEG5 V ;$>11 '76RW 5 Wie; 5 Y%RM'Y%R>7>V% 5 76+g$+W<M 5 V RWi3:G78.R'S>T 5
5 W 5 ^g C
f 7UJ E8E5 V 5 m ] 5 e E :87GR ; 5bEG5 7GaRWi78W<:GK+JY%R^;$ E +7G>1^JM'.eR+W 5 e%:GC
? E8E <78Wi:GK+)]3 5 W< 5E :8i;$bRW< E ]>7G'b;$b78+78 E Y%R0;$ E 78+1+WY%R EE T 5 E 5 e E p
:G78RS E 1M''; E ;JM''eR>WCd m ;$>1^++.:87@Y%R>M. E 7 5 7UWi E Y%R E +R+W E8E E
78+7U E a7Gv*+.:87ub'e;$K+e; 5 I
5 5 787 >eK;$aRW+787 5JE 'e%:8:GK 5 ubY%R+M' E Y%R` E 1 5 MKW}C
= 5 + :GRM 5 0;$ E +7G>1+78+W 5%E 5 7FW)> 5 ;$(RWi07UWi:8'>b3M''eR>W ++ VY%R E +7U
R$:8.M'._N;e E :8):Gg : 5 L7Uz} 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;$<RW 5 W<'MK; 5 7>C
X
5 W<+e%:87G>W 5E
D W3t]+W
Wi E`E5 78(<R$:8.M''_>S>T 5 ;$7UWi:GK+ E 78);$ E 78+1+7aM'.eR+e E C
^M']+W;$+.:87 5E 7 5 78Wi EJE 'e%:8:GK+W<>e:8i 5 7878: 5%E i7Gv*+.:87 5E 'e 5 7G78: 5E V 5
m ;$ E >W)t+e9i'e; 5 R$:8780'W) 5 7G:8e%:G( ReS>T 5 Y%RJ]J< 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;<7G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:G.p
+; 5 7 5 78Wi3 5 e%:GC ^Wi#781 5 7G E 'e:U:8'>]RWi# E :87GR:GR7U<+W 5 78Wi#;$)781 5 78Y%R
;$ E +7G>1J E 5 e E :G78RS E ;0M''eR>W7GN 5 e9>+'; E L>M 5 m e 5 7 5 7UWib 5 e%:GC m 5
7 5 78W<( 5 e%:G 5E8E RLRW 5 Wie; 5 b< 5 W 5 Y%R+M'1 E : 5 93 5 R 5 V E R0781 5 78 E .e%:8p
:GK+(;$>1a E L>M.9L7[ E8E 6: 5 a;$ E +7G>1+7Z 5 W 5 EGE F 5 WieL; 5 ]6 5 78Wi; 5 C fZ5 ;$+7 W 5E :G>7
780Y%R+M'J 5 Wie; 5 07G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+); R7U#"C V Y%RJ'e;$K+)Y%R 5 5 Wie; 5b<]
5 78Wi; 5 5 76RWig$78 E8E T 5 RW 5 Wie; 5 ;$ :G78.R'S>T 5 C[+g 7G EGE T 5 V 5 7 E RJ1>_V%]
:8W3t]+W 78+78 E +e%:U;J 5 7FRWi E R7G1 5 78^Rv378._ ] RW< 5 t+7US>T 5 ;$( 5 W)L7US+T 5 V
Y%Rb:8+W 5 W 5E R-7G1 5 78 E RWi E R-g$78 E8E T 5 ;$ E R$:878S+T 5 3RWi E R-g$78 E8E T 5 ;$
W3RMH:8.M'K+S>T 5 C
if
> =
- * a b
a 10 b 2
= 5%E > :GRM 5E <oi E :U78+W 5E :878:8e; 5 5 W;$:UM'9 E ; 5 m Cy= 5%E > :GRM 5%E #iq
:G7U:U78+W 5E ;$b7G1 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+C
i i
i i
i i
,
!">
i i
`a`a Z0*[`ad* )a
:8. 5E ;$ 5 t+7Ue; 5E .eL 5 W<: 1> E 5 W 5 t+7U; 5 78 E C m :8.1+78W 5E5 5 Wie; 5
^g `--1I7GKI1>M`& 5 ;$NMK7U;; 5 :8. 5 iSXdb[7PV@>e:UT 5,5 eM' E ; 5 7
E +Wie:8' 5 ;$+1 5 e%:U7RW+787 5E +Wie:8' 5 V 5 E E8E <:8. 5 ;$ 5 L>78e; 5 eT 5 ]
5 W<: 1+MB 5 W 5<5 L>78; 5 7 m
? E8E E +787 5E eT 5#E T 5 ;:GN :U; 5%E t+M 5 m Vt 5 E eT 5 5 e E :G.:GR>W>7G7 5E`E 'e:U:8' 5E C6
5 7U; 5 5 W78Wi:GK+};M.'eRL>W 5 e:8VZRWi17GKI1>M 5 ;$ V` E +73R:G'M.'_>;+W
RWizg$78 E8E T 5 5 W 5 ^g `$VyeT 5 .W< 5 7G:8e; 5}E 0 5 d;$NMK7U;e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:G 5 R
eT 5 V 5 R}Y%RMy] 5iE +Rz:G' 5 C
= 5 + :GRM 5 :878:878+W 5%E ;$:Ut+MK-;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E C2= 5%E > :GRM 5%E -2""Vd'7G>W 5%E
E :GRL;7^ 5 W 5 Re 5 e<RWeLM' E ; 5 7 E +Wie:8' 5 C
i i
i i
i i
q
!">
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 wvyx0*0ZaVz|{b q
>78S+T 5 ;$i$;$' 5zE +7U:G7U:8;#e 5 > :GRM 5 "NC3?dW 1+_<;$<e 5E 5 e++e%:G7U78W 5E
+WRWii7UY%RH:8:8R78)7:8'+RMK7NV%'78+W 5E R$:8.M''_>7 )s&Y%R'e<'7:8RMB%I1} s&` 5 W 5
WiY%R'epwM'1 5 ; 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W).MK; 5 7>Cz(s ]#RW7 5 7UWi>_#;$ig$NR$:U7e
1>78;;$V'e%:G+7878:U7 d7UY%R'1 5E C MK E8E YR E T 5 +7U; 5E 5 7` 5 W<'M'; 5 78 E I1C[ EGE .W
5 W 5 Y%RMKY%R+7 5 R$:878bW<Y%R.eLV 5%EGE RtRW 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$(.e E :G78RS E Y%R E >78T 5 R$:G'M'._N; E
+We 5E8E5 5 W<.MK; 5 7a7U07G>7G E >e%:87 5%E 5 WieL; 5E ;$bMH: 5 e 1+MB;)e 5%EGE 3M''eR>W
5 e%:8Ce 5%EGEG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7(eLT 5 +7U;$.78:UW<+e%:8)RW 7UY%R.1 5 +C MK E8E VyWi E V E 'W}VBRW
7UY%R'1 5 +W Y%R( E 'e E :G78RS E ;3(s 5 ;$>W E >7@1 E RM.'_>; E V 5 W 5 e RWibM''eR>W
;$0W 5 e%:8+W}C D M[7UYR.1 5 5 ;$ E >7 5E :G>7G 5 78W<+e%:G7 5 EGE ; 5 3:G7Ue E 5 78Wi; 5 e RW
+C +M' EGE UVyR:G'M.'_>e; 5 p E 5 7 5 78W< E W<'eBV;$ E +7G.: 5 E >R'7>C)=1>78;;$Vy E8E 5 7Gp
;+W;+7U7Gp E ^RW$;$' 5 'e:8+78W<>;$K78 5 R$:G'M'._Ne; 5 RWi)M'.eR+W;(W 5 e:U+W}V
Y%RJ;$+ 5 E ]:878e E 5 7GWi; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi 5 $v*: 5 V ]:UW0L]>W R$:G'M.'_>;0+W 5 W<.MK; 5 78 E
78> E C
. +78+e%:8+W<+e%:G;$ 5 R$:G7 5E >78; 5 78 E ;$eM. E ; 5 7 E .e%:8:GK 5 V 5 7 5 7UWi+7U; 5
t+M 5 %I1I 4`4 7GNM'._NRW:G' 5 ;$}eM. E E 'e%:8:GK+U9Wi;;: 5 ; 5 ~`e 5 ReM' E
;$ E ++e;$>e%:GCJ R$:G7 5 5 e%: 5 YR3;$. +78 5 %I1 4`4 ;$ 5 R$:G7 5E 7 5 7UWi E`E 'W)'MK78 E ])Y%R
Y%R>M.}t+78W<H:8&Y%R E vW ; eK; 5%Ei5 eM. E ; 5 7)M']g$K 5 5 eLM' E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 ;$
RWi E )1>_CZ?dW+7UMXV 5 R$:87 5%E 7 5 78Wi E@E T 5 R$:8.M'._N; 5%E 5E 7G E AB+g# @+mj[M.+g
n E5 eL V$RW7U0+7U7 5 eLM' E ; 5 76M']g$K 5 5 R$:87 5 V$7U 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E .e%:8:GK 5 C
%I1I 4`4 ] RW7 5 ;$R: 5 ; 7 5 7G'>;;$ ; m Re}sK7 5E E :8+W E (M.'t+7U; 5)E5 3M'.p
>eS+ n >7G+M'+ m 5 :*~F7G` E :G78'R$:G 5 e nam (C fZ5 ;$ E +7 5 $:GK; 5 e l e%:G>7Ge:@e 5 >e;$>7GNS 5
Q7SXS&T:i|UWXW&X^&]^`=`|Z3aX_]Z6&^&]^OZ[_&S7WC3= E :G<:8g : 5 :878:878+W 5%E ; 5E E t>: 5E ; 5 I1 4`4
Y%R#'e%:G+78 E8E W J 5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ;$e 5E8E5 t>Y%R+e 5 5 W).MK; 5 7>C}>;+:8; 5 e E p
:G78RS>T 5 ; 5 5 W<.MK; 5 7 E +7UT 5 ;; 5%E Wi E ;$+:8M'9 E ; 5 Re+ 5 eW<+e%: 5 ; 5 I1 4`4 CL=T 5
:G>W 5E Vy 5 7G]>WVBz'e:8+eS>T 5 ;$i 5 7U;7: 5 ; 5E(5%E ;:8M.9 E ;$)R E5 ;$ E :8 EG5 :*~a78C f 7U
:8M{V 5 M'+.: 5 7^;$+1 1+78 >7a<; 5 RW<+e%:US+T 5 Y%R 5 W<e9 5iE5 :*~F7G J E .eL;$'>S E
;$ 5 R$:G7U E 5 e%:8 E ;$'e$ 5 78WiS>T 5 YR E J+e 5 e%:G7UWe 5 I
^ +e;$K n C
i i
i i
i i
,
!)
i i
`a`a Z0*[`ad* )a
i i
i i
i i
,
!)$"
i i
Captulo 2
A Linguagem X ++
^e%:8 E ;$b 5 e%:G'e R78W 5E 5 Wi 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ; 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W).MK; 5 7>V E :8R;eL; 5 5 W 5 Re$p
5 eL+;RWi;$ E RL E L7G:G E V[7GN E W 5E ;$ e'7)M.'eRL>W)prM.1 5 ;+M'CO 5 Y%R
78+W 5%E e E :Gb+ :GRM 5 C
fZ5 ;+7 W 5%E R:G'M.'_>7)M''eR>e E ;z7 5 78WiS+T 5 5 W 5 I1 5 R 4 xx0C 465 e:8R; 5 V
E8E E M.'eR+e EJE T 5 5 W<M'g E ;$>Wi E 7U 5%EJ5 $v*+:G'1 5%E ;$ E :8<M.'1 7 5 C0?dW 1>_<; E8E5 V
'7G>W 5%E ;$ e'76RWiM''eR>W Y%R E *vbW< E6E 'W<M' E V%Wi E Y%R^ 5E8E 3;7@ 5 M'+.: 5 76RWi
1 E T 5 5 W<M':U;$z 5 W 5 RW 5 W<.MK; 5 7 ReL 5 eC&M'.eR+WY%RR$:8.M''_>78+W 5%E u
zU9LWi78+W 5E
X ++
;u-]zRWiM'.eR+W 5 78.>e%:8; 5 $v*+: 5%E3E +W<+M'9e%:8 J %I1IV
5 78]+WM'.+'78W<+e%:G(Wi E`E 'W<M. E C
f 7U(; e'7d E 'e%:8g `;(M'.eR+W}V'78+W 5E e%:8 E 78+M'+W3787ZM.Re E 5 e>H: 5EkEG5 78
M'.eR+e E 5 7GWi E ^ 5 W 5 5 ;+W 5E ; e.prM' E C l 7G>W 5E :G7U:U7@;^M.t: 5%E VM.'eR+e E V
7UWi:GK+ E 5 R$:878 E 5 7GWi E 5 W0RW<+e%:G R E ; E 7Ub;$ e'7p E E .e%:8g$;$M''eR>e E
;$7 5 78WiS+T 5 C
V'"=m
V'"V$V /V Vo$V Vq V V V
7=m
V BV V'C.C'C.V _=m
V$BVLBVt C
4 ;^+M'+W<+e%: 5 ;$@RW\MHL+: 5 ]FU9Wi; 5 ;$@RWi`M':878C= 5 :G+p E @Y%Rde E :G6 5 e%:G+g : 5
5 :8+78W 5 M.+:G7U):G+W RW E .e +; 5 ;$'1+7 EG5 ;Y%R>M.3Y%R3 E :8W 5%E 5E :GRWi; 5E iR E 7^
Y%Ra 5 ;$>7GK:G+7d 5 W 5JE 'ee.W 5 M' 5 5 W 5 >7U :8+78 CB E8E 'W}V 5 Y%R7G: 5 M.t: 5 5E8E R
<M.+:G7U E V +V N bi EGE E H
;R E M.:G'Wi E 5 W :87I E >7U:G+78 E C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2">
!)
i i
h0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0i
]RWi)MKI1 78 E5 78
V'"&m
h2, 1, 0, 8i
V."V V /V LV oV Vq$V V &m
]RWi0LMKI1%7U E5 7G
hc, o, m, p, i, l, e, ri
]RWi)MKI1 78 E5 78
V BV.C'C'C.V$_&m
ha, ab, b, abci
]JRWi<M'I1 7U EG5 78
V BVLBVt C
?dW +7UMXVy 5 ;$>W 5E 78+78 E +e%:87RWiM'I1 7Ut+eL E M.R$:8.eLe; 5 Vye 5 7U;$+W 5 7Gp
78:8V E M':878 E Y%Rb< 5 W< >WC fZ5 7`g$+W<M 5 V$ 5 ;$+W 5E E +7G>1>7
h0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0i
&2 020&02m
5 W 5
5 W 5p 0&2m
h2, 1, 0, 8i
5 W 5 !19t C
hc, o, m, p, i, l, e, ri
fZ5 78]+W}V
ha, ab, b, abci
eLT 5 5 ;$ E >7078+7G E >e:U; E 'W)M. E W<+e%:8z 5 7 &'+V6 5 E
E8E 78+7G E >e:US>T 5 5 ;$>7GK(.e;'>7 5 R$:G7U E M'I1 7U E M']+W ;Y%R>M'Y%R^; E *vW 5%E 7G>7G+p
E +e%:87>Vy 5 W 5 VP 5 7 +g$+W<M 5 V C= E8E <+ E5 Vt 5 ;$+W 5%E R$:8.M''_>7J E S 5%E +e%:87G
E M.+:G7U E 7U}.eL;$'>7) 5 W 5
ha, a, b, abci
E +787*i E M':878 E ;&MKI1 78C}MKI1 78
E +78'VL>e:UT 5 VL78+78 E +e%:U;i 5 W 5 p,3)iLMKI1%7U ha, a, b, abci
Vt 5 W
ha,
5 #
ab, b, abci
+C
= 5 :G+p E V$ 5 78]+W}VY%R 5E E S 5%E eLT 5 _>+WL7G:G;)MKI1 78C
|010110| = 6
m
|2108| = 4
m
|compiler| = 8
m
C
|a ab b abc| = 4
m 5 7G)YRLMKYR+7MHL+: 5
VP;$ ep E 3RWi He'>iM'I1 7Ui;$b:UWie9 5
Y%R3;+e 5 p
:8W 5E 5 7 Cd e+W)p E V$:8W3t]+W}V 5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2""
!)/
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
""
Vy"V
V
"Vy"N
Vy""(]JRWi<M'.eR+W EG5 7G
V."( Y%Rb 5 e%:G]>W E > E LMKI1%7U E m
78+7G E >e:U3RWeXHW<+7 5 ;$>+.WiM W<7']RWi
M' 'xeR{0, 1, 2, "V$V /V Vo$V Vq V V 7
3, 4, 5,
V'6, 7, 8, 9} | x 5 WRWe=HW)>7 5 'e e.: 5 ;$LMKI1%7U E m
>W E5 78
5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$(: 5 ; 5EF5E 7 5 78W< E %I1b1M''; 5E E .e%:U:GK+W<+e%:GJ 5 7G78: 5E k]JRWi
M''eR>W E5 78 RWM.t: 5 5 W< 5%E : 5 ;
M'I1 7U E 7G E >7G1; E 5 W # V#[ LV
5 :UC
f 7U; e'78W 5%E 5 78W<M.W<>e:8}RWi-M''eR>W ;$7 5 78W<S+T 5 Vk;$+1+W 5E V@>e%:8T 5 V
;$ e'7JY%RM 5 MHL+: 5}E5 78 5 Y%RMZ E8E #M'.eR+W]) 5 78Wi;i;$ e.7Y%R EJE T 5 E
M'I1 7U E 1M.K; E 78 E8E M'.eR+W}C= E 78Ig$.Wi E[E >S E 1+78+W 5E M'RW< E Wie+'78 E
;$J_++7a EGEG5 C
u] 5 M.t: 5<EG5 7G 5 Y%RMB)M'.eR+W];$ eK; m
u]JRW 5 ev*Re%: 5 eT 5 1_> 5 ;$ EG W3 5 M 5E eT 5 :8+78W)'e E m
P
u#]RW 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$7 5 ;$RS E ;) 5 78W<
A
V 5 eL;$
A
( )
m
u#] 5iEG W0 5 M 5 'e'+'MB;)7UWi:8'>V C
S S
Q 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;FRW< 7UWi:GK+`] 5 M.t: 5JEG5 78 5 Y%RM$ E M'I1 7U E ;M''eR>W
;$ E v; E T 5
5 78Wi; E Cz= 5 5 e%:G+g%: 5 ;$zJA 4FE VZ 5E :GRW<p E iU9Wi7 5E >M.>W)>e%: 5E ;$
;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E :G>7GW<'e E C^ 5 ev*Re%: 5 ]b;$ E v*Re%: 5 ;$ C m +R E +M'+W<+e%: 5E eT 5 +e%:G7UW
e0 5 78WiS>T 5 ; E >;$>' E ;<M.'eRL>W}C m T 5
R$:G'M'._N; 5%E 5 W 5iEG W0 5 M 5%E R$g$.M'K78 E 7U
;$ e'7G>W0p E J E 7 5 ;RS E ;<78Wi:GK+C
E 7 5 ;$RLS E
P
E T 5 78+78 E ;$ E R E :8H:8RKS+T 5 I
Y%R<: +W; 5 M'; 5 E Y%R+7U; 5 ; 5
RW
EG W0 5 M 5 eT 5 :G+78W<.eLMP ; 5 MK; 5 ;$.78+.: 5 V RWi0>;$>'b 5 78W<; 5 7 EG W0 5 M 5%E :8+78W)'e E
EG W0 5 M 5%E eT 5 :G>7GW<'e Ed5 R Cd7G:G'76; 50EG W0 5 M 5 'eKKM V% E8E E 78+7U EkE T 5 M''>; E
E R E :G.:GR'e; 5 p E 5
eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM[Y%R<L78>0; 5 MK; 5
S
E Y%R+7U; 5 ;$0RW<z7 5 ;$RS+T 5 t+MK
M'I1 7U)Y%R3 E :8#; 5 M'; 5 ;$'7G>H: 5 ;$ E :8C m 3iLMKI1%7U 5 $:8';i 5%EGE R E5 W)>e%:G EG W0 5 M 5%E
:G>7GW<'e E V@+e%:UT 5 E8E M'I1 7Ut+7G:G+eL J M.'eRL>W ;$ e';L>M'7UWi:GK+C m
+;$+K 5 $:GK; 5 e:8]+W .e; EG W0 5 M 5%E eT 5 :G+78W<.eL E Vy>e:UT 5 e 5 1 E E R E :8H:8R'S>T 5 E
;$>1W# E +7 +.:8 E :8]0Y%R E )U9+R0RWi>;$>'#Y%R0:G>e9zt+e E EG W0 5 M 5%E :8+7Gp
W<.eL E C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2"N
!)
i i
(1) S AB
(2) A aAb
(3) A
(4) B cB
(5) B
E8E 'W}V$b7:8.7F; 50EG W0 5 M 5 .e'+'M 5 ;$+W 5%E M.K+7@RWi E NY&kI+e+'b; 7 5 ;$RS E
;$ :8]Y%RRWi&>;$>' \Y%R S
5E8E R&t+e E0EG W0 5 M 5%E :8+78W<.e E)E *vMK+eLS+;C
?de%:8T 5
P L>7:8+e+ J M'.eR+W ;$ e'; 5 7
G1
V 5 Y%R< 5 ;$>W 5%E ;$+e 5 :87b 5 W 5
x
C f[5 7`g$+W<M 5
L(G1 )
l eKKW 5E 5 W M.K+W 5E *"I 5 :G+W 5%E
:G>W 5%E
S M.K+W 5%E /% 5 $:8+W 5E
AB
5%E
AB 5E 5 :G+W 5%E
B
:G>W M.K+W {o
B L(G1 )
l eKKW 5E 5 W M.K+W 5E *"I 5 :G+W 5%E
:G>W 5%E
S M.K+W 5%E { 5 $:8+W 5E
AB
:G>W 5%E
AB M'K+W 5%E { 5 $:8+W 5E
aAbB
5%E
aAbB 5%E 5 $:8+W 5E
aaAbbB
:G>W M'K+W /
:G>W 5%E
aaAbbB M'K+W 5%E % 5 $:8+W 5E
aabbB
5%E
aabbB 5%E 5 $:8+W 5E
aabbcB
:G>W M'K+W %
5%E
aabbcB 5E 5 $:G>W 5E
aabbccB
:G>W M''>W Xo
aabbccB aabbcc L(G1 )
fZ5 ;p E J'M.W<+e%:8be 5 :U7^Y%R
|L(G1 )|V$ =5
VL 5 E ;$+t+eL;$+e; 5 ; 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$b1>_+ E
Y%R E T 5 M.K+; E E 7 5 ;RS E {d< ; +W
$ E +7a78K; E M'I1 7U E ;:UWie9 5 :8T 5
7UeL;$(Y%Re%: 5iE ;$ E v*C
( | )
u^W ; 5E >M.>W<+e%: 5%E I
+e%:87Gz7 +e%:G E E
5 R
5 ;$ E +70R$:G'M'._N; 5 eL
M''>S+T 5 ;07 5 ;$RS>T 5 C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2">/
!)o
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
">/
S a(b | c | d)e
5 ;+7 W 5%E :G+7 E ;$>7G'1S E
S abe
S ace
S ade
5 Y%R E 'e >0Y%Rb)M'.eR+W +7U;0] C
{abe, ace, ade}
^Wi#JA 4 >Y%R'1M'+e%:G) E8E n =j E >7GK
S abe
S ace
S ade
k*vW 5%E`5 R:G7 5 +g >W<M 5
S (c(aSa | bSb)c | )
>78)+;$+K E ; 5 :8. 5
S
S caSac
S cbSbc
<6 t
uY%R E :8.1+7a+e%:87G 5E 5 M'U9:G E 5 ;$ E +7aR$:G'M'._N; 5)5 ReT 5 e)M'K+S>T 5 ;
[]
7 5 ;$RS>T 5 C
S a[bcd]e
5 ;+7 W 5%E :G+7 E ;$>7G'1S E
S ae
S abcde
5 Y%R E 'e >0Y%Rb)M'.eR+W +7U;0] C
{ae, abcde}
k*vW 5%E`5 R:G7 5 +g >W<M 5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2"+,
!)
i i
S a[(A | B)c]d
A a[a]
B [b]
>78) E >;$>' E
S ad
S aAcd aacd
S aAcd aaacd
S aBcd abcd
S aBcd acd
5 R E vVP>78#M.'eR+W C W<JA 4 NY%R.1M.>e:80 E8E
E >7GK
{ad, aacd, aaacd, abcd, acd}
n =j
S ad
S aAcd
S aBcd
A aa
A a
B b
B
= 5 :G.e;YR^RWiJ7 5 ;RS+T 5 ; 5 :G' 5
[]
] E >W<7G>Y%R'1IM.>e%:G J 7 5 ;$RS+T 5
C
( | )
%@ t {3t =
() E
,
u I
YR E :G'1>7b+e%:87G#L7 +e%:G E i 5 ;$ E +70R E ; 5 R We W<+7 5 Y%RMKY%R+7);$ XH
1+_> eL`M''>S>T 5 ;a7 5 ;$RS>T 5 d 5 ;$d
:UW3t]+WeT 5^E >7R E ; 5 7G>
L+:GK; 5 e>e9 RWi
1+_I C
S a(b) c
:G>7 W 5%E 5 W 5 7G E RMH:U; 5 )M.'eRL>W
VtVPVPVBC'C'C4%C
465 W 5 Y%RMKY%R+7 5 R$:G7U n = jFV 5 ;$>W 5E >e 5 e:8787aRWi#JA 4 5 7878 E 5 e;$+e%:8V$ 5 W 5 V
5 7`g$>W)M 5
S aZc
Z bZ
Z
465 W 5<5 R$:87 5 +g >W<M 5 V$ 5 ;$>W 5E :G>7 n =jF
S a(b | c) d
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2"No
!)%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
"No
hsymboli
78+7G E >e:U 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM
symbol
m
EG W3 5 M 5E :G>7GW<'e E`E T 5 7G>7G E >e%:8; 5E 5 W E W3 5 MH m
W<+:8 E8EG W0 5 M 5%E ;)e 5 :US+T 5 n = j E T 5 7G>7G E >e%:8; 5E 7U; 5E 5 W C
[]
l eKK78+W 5E ; eKS+T 5 L>M 50E W3 5 M 5 .e'+'ML; n =jFV Y%R`7G>78 E +e%:8J E :87GR$:8R7U;$
RW7 5 7UWib E +7G.: 5 +W ++ C
X
hprogrami [ hclasslisti ]
? E8E <eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM[.e;'>zY%R)RW 7 5 78Wi<+W ]i 5 W< 5%E : 5 ;$)RWiM. E :8;$
MK E8E E^5 R E b:G7U:U;$)RWi>;$>'1_+KCJ E8E .W}V 5
X ++
e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NVt 5 :8+e%:87( 5 W)p
'M'7`RW7 5 78Wi378Wi_>+e; 5 e RW7UYR.1 5 Y%RJ E :Gv)1I_+ 5 V$1B>H:UprM 5 5 W 5 RW
7 5 78W<31M''; 5 V 5 W 5<5 5 7G78 5 W0Wi 5 7GK0; 5E 5 W<.MK; 5 78 E C
hclasslisti ( hclassdecli )+
5 R
`&h=^iXi^ZXZXZXZ
`&h=^iXigZXZXZXZ
ZXZXZ=Z
`&h=^iXi`ZXZXZXZ
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2">
!)
i i
j 5 78WR$:8.M'._N; 5%E ; 5 E E :G'M 5%E ;$. +78+e%:G E 7U;$ e'7p E VWi E W3 5E +7UW
E W< E Wi E +;+K E CZ7G'W<+'7 5 E :8.M 5 R$:G'M.'_>
classlist
5(5 L>78; 5 7k;$7G>L+:GKS+T 5 5bE +Re; 5 V
5 787G 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM 7GNR7 E .1W<>e:8`7U
( )+
5 :G+7Gp E ` EGE J7G>L+:GKS+T 5 CZe 5E8E
classlist
n =j,'7U3R$:8.M''_>7 5 780RW E :8.M 5 V 5 78 5 R$:87 5 V%L7U0Y%R 5 M.>H: 5 7a 5%EGE )I1IM.K7aY%R EaE T 5 E
'W)M.K+S E VY%ReL; 5 5 78W 5E 'W<M.>W<+e%:87 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 VL; E bR:G'M.'_>7^RW 5 R
5 R:G7 5 E :8.M 5 C
`&h=^iXi^Z=ZXZ
5 R
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2"Iq-
!)
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
"Iq
5 7G 5 ;$RW W<]: 5 ; 5 ];.1 K;$'; 5 +W;$R E 7:8 E Vk 5 e 5 78W)iW 5%E :878 E +R'e:8
7 5 ;$RS+T 5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2">
!0/
i i
]JRW 5 WieL; 5 5 W< 5E : 5 J 5 ;$ E +7`+7U; 5 <7G:G'7`; 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM C
statement
hstatementi (
hvardecli ;00 |
hatribstati ;00 |
hprintstati ;00 |
hreadstati ;00 |
hreturnstati ;00 |
hsuperstati ;00 |
hif stati |
hf orstati |
{00 hstatlisti }00 |
break 00 ;00 |
;00
)
? E8E deLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM+7U 5EyE +R.e%:G E :G' 5E ;$6+;+K E V>Y%Rd 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>W` 5 Wie; 5%E
;)e 5%EGE 3M''eR>WbY%R E >78T 5 ;$ eK; 5E E +R.7N
;>MK7US>T 5 ;$178'I1+ E M 5 + E m
5 WieL; 5 ;$b:87G'RKS+T 5 m
5 WieL; 5 ;$.W<78 E8E T 5 m
5 WieL; 5 ;$M.>H:8R7U m
5 WieL; 5 ;$J:G]>7GW<'e 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 78: 5 7Ge 5 ;$1M 5 7'm
5 WieL; 5 ;$ E >M.NS+T 5 m
5 WieL; 5 ;$7G>L+:GKS+T 5 m
5 WieL; 5 ;$.e%:8+787GRPS+T 5 ;(MKS 5 m
5 WieL; 5 1I_+ 5 C
eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 ; eK; 5 e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8z78;$NMK7US>T 5 ;1I7GKI1> E ;$
MK E8E C E 7G>W
vardecl
5%E E8E W< E W 5 :G>7GW<'eM7U,;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$17GKI1> E M 5 > E VF 5 E
E .e%:8:GK+W)>e%:Gk E8E E ;$RL E 5 e E :G78RS EBE T 5 'R E CBk*vW 5Ey5%EB5 R:G7 5E 5 Wie; 5E 1M'K; 5E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
2">
!0/"
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
">
? E8E beLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMy+7Ui E >;$>' E Y%R78+78 E +e%:8W 5 Wie; 5E ;$b'W<78 E8E T 5 C@?@M' E
I
5 e%: +W0LMKI1%7Ub78 E +781;
print
V E >RK;<;$JRWi)g$78 E8E T 5 Y%RMKY%R+7NC fZ5 7ag$+W<M 5
T7d:b'[7S }~X
T7d:b'[7S^
T7d:b'[7S^ } Z)g `|Z3a3_&
hreadstati read00 hlvaluei
? E8E 7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 5 7878 E 5 e;$d 5 5 Wie; 5 ;$6M.>H:8R7U C[?dM'@] E >W)>M.9Le%:GF 5 V
Wi E E >Re;i7G:Gb;i7 5 ;RS+T 5
lvalue
read
I
F78+7G E >e:U)RWii7G+ +7 +e+'iiRW<# 5%E KS+T 5
print
;$W<+W<78'VZ7UY%R 5 5 Wie; 5 ;$M'+.:GR78S+ E >e%:GK; 5 C,=T 5 5 ;$+W 5E R$:8.M'._N7 5
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM V 5 E Y%R>7G>W 5%E YRJ EaE >R'e%:G E >;$>' E 5E8E W E +7a>78; E
expression
5 7` E8E 07 5 ;$RS>T 5
d_X^&a^
d_X^g^OZ)g
d_X^&a^OZ)gK` ~
Wi E eT 5 YR+78+W 5E >787
d_X^&a^g
d_X^&a }~X
hreturnstati return00 [ hexpressioni ]
f 7 5 ;R_&+;$+K E 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G E 5%E 5 Wie; 5E ;$7G+: 5 7Ge 5 ;$&RWiU9Wi;;$
W<]: 5 ; 5 C3g$78 E8E T 5 Y%R E >R)LMKI1%7U ] 5 P 5 eLMXVy 5 E Vy+W0 5 78#: 5 ; 5E(5%E
return
W<]: 5 ; 5E :G+e9W Y%R E >7(;$NMK7U; 5%E 5 W 5 78: 5 7GeLe; 5 M'RW 1M 5 7 5 R 5 $v*: 5 1*v 5
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM V@ E8E5 eT 5E M.K+ 5%E 5 e E :87GR$: 5 78 E 1*v
methoddecl constructdecl
Y%RJeT 5 78: 5 78eW e;Ck EGE .W}V 5 WieL; 5E ; 5 :8. 5
d_&S&7d=[
d_&S&7d=[^gVZ`
E T 5 R E ; 5E ;$+e%:G7 5 ; 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E 5 5 Wie; 5 d_S=7d=[ E +W+g 7G EGE T 5 ;$78: 5 7Ge 5 ]
R$:8.M'._N; 5 e 5%E 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!0/%
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
b ^
d_X^&ag
5 R
b ^gX`
d_X^&aa
T7d:b'[7Sa
d_&S&7d=[
_7hi_
d_&S&7d=[ }
H eK 5 5 Wie; 5 78+t:8H:8.1 5 eiM'.eR+W ] 5 V E +W<+M'9e:8b 5 +g E :G+e%:8
e)M'.eR+W%I1C m Ri;$ E +7GKS+T 5 ]
X ++ f or
7\&d =
5 R
7\&d ^ d_X^=agK3^&
5 R
7\&d ^ ^g ^^ }
d_X^&a`|3^=
T7d:b'[7S`3^=
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,$"
!0//
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
$"
b ^ g
_7hi_
d_X^&ag
j[.eM.W<>e:8V 5 5 Wie; 5 5 W< 5%E : 5 V`;$ e'; 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM V
statement5
'e'+'p E 0 5 W
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM
RW
bY%R)1>W E >RK; 5
V J:G>7GW<'e< 5 WRW
;0RWiM. E :Uz;0 5 Wie; 5%E Vt78+78 E +e%:8; 5
&+UC@ ]
t+M
statlist statlist
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!0/
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
d_X^=a^ 5 e%:G]+W E5 W)>e%:G)7G+ +7I+e+'<)RWi)1I7GKI1>M E 'W<M. E m
d_X^=a^ } )]RWi078 >7I>eK)0RW<<17GKI1>ML'e;$+g$;m
d_X^=a^eZ)g ]JRWi<7G+ +7+I e+') 5 +W< 5 b ;017GKI1>M a m
d_X^=a^eZ)gV } 0 ]RWi< 5 W3'eS>T 5 ; 5E ; 5 E :G' 5%E e%:G>7G 5 78 E m
d_X^=a^eZ)g }~ Z`` ]`RWiJ 5 W3'eS+T 5 ; 5%E :G7I E :8. 5E Ck=^ E8E a> EG5 V a ]`RWiJ1I7GKI1>M
Y%R&7G+ +78+e+'RW 5 v*: 5 C 465 W E8E 5 $v*: 5 E :8W 5%E .e 1 5 >e; 5,5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 V
L E8E e; 5 "Ii 5 W 5 78RW<+e%: 5 C`? E8E 0W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$+1b78: 5 7GeL7^RW 5 R$:G7 5#5 v*: 5
b
; 5
Y%RMB E :8W 5E 7G+ +78+e+'e; 5)5 +W< 5 C
c
= 5 :GY%R^R:G'M.'_>e; 5 E :8^eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM$e RW 5 WieL; 5 ;$:G78.R'S>T 5 5 ;$>7 W 5%E :G>7
^eZ)g }~ } V 5 Y%R](.M'+%ML 5 E E :87 W 5E :G>e:Ue; 5 :87G'R'7F1IM 5 763RWi3U9W<;
;$JW<]: 5 ; 5 C m 'e%:8:8'>W<+e%:8( E8E5 V% 5 78]+W}V E +7U3t+78W<H:8'; 5 eL0e 5E8E 0M.'eR+W}C D My>7G7 5
E +7U0 5 e:U; 5 +W E E 5E :G>7G 5 78 E ;<eLM' E C
[_Y =X T_ } ^ g
[_YiS=d:b[7V } b)7
[_Y =X T_ } b
eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM ]^R$:G'M'._N; 5 ;.1+7 E E 1+_> E L7UJ7G>7G E >e%:87d E 5E8E 1> E
g$78 E8EG E Y%R 5 ;$>W
expression
E >7F 5 e E :G78R ; E ebM'.eR+W CZdW 5%E 1+7F 5 W 5)E T 5 E8E E
X ++
g$78 E8EG E C
hexpressioni hnumexpri
[ ( <00 | >00 | <=00 | >=00 | ==00 | ! =00 )
hnumexpri ]
E +g 7G EGEG E e0e 5E8E 07UWi:GK+ E T 5 ;$ eK; E +W;$.1+7 E5%E e 1> E (;$. +78+e%:G E C@
e 1>MWi E M.: 5 ]0 E :GVPY%R);$ e) 5 W 5 ])RWi#+g 7G EGE T 5 Y%R0 5%EGE R 5 t+7U; 5 7G E 7G>M'p
5 eL E C[?dMK0] 5 W< 5%E :U0;(RW< E RL+g$7G EGE T 5 Y%R 5 7878 E 5 e;$ 5 78'W)>.7 5
E +R';0 5 7`RW 5 L>78; 5 7F78+MK 5 eLMPJRWi E +Re; E RL+g$7G EGE T 5
numexpr
Y%R 5 7878 E 5 e;$J 5
E +Re; 5 C 4 ; E Rtg$78 E8E T 5 V 5 W 5 1>7G>W 5%E ;$Ke%:8V 5 ;$3 5 e%:G>7`:8W3t]+W
numexpr
5 R:G7U EaE RL+g 7G EGEG E 5 R$:87 5%EF5 t+7U; 5 7G E V% 5 7^g$>W)M 5 5 R C
+
E8E 'W}V78)i+;$+K l^g` atV :G>7 W 5E E +R.e%:8J;+78.1S>T 5
expression numexpr < numexpr a + b < numexpr a + b < c d
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,/
!0/%o
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
/
expression numexpr a + b
expression numexpr term + term + term a + term + term a + b +
term a + b + c d
eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM E +R 5 W) E W 5 7U+ 5 e 5 L7U +g$7G EGEG E 5 W 5%EZ5 t+7U; 5 7G E
VL3 78 E : 5
term
;<;$'1% E T 5 C
expression numexpr term + term a + term a + unaryexpr
a + f actor a + 1
eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 78+7G E >e:UJ EkE RL+g$7G EGEG E Wi EkE .W<M' E Y%R` 5 ;$+W 5%E :G>7>V
:8 E 5 W 5
f actor I
5 e E :Ue%:G EF5 R}7G+ +7 +e+' E 017GKI1> E C
p p
hf actori ( int constant00 | string constant00 | null00 | hlvaluei |
(00 hexpressioni )00 )
E8E 'W}V E8E @eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM7 5 ;$R_F 5 e E :Ue%:G E 'e%:G>.7U E V 5 e E :Ue%:G EE :G78.eV 5 e E :8e%:G
I
VP78 >7 >eK E 178'I1+ E #U9W<; E ;$<W<]: 5 ; 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM ^V.eL;V
null
g$78 I
E8EG E +e%:G78`7 +e%:8 E E CB? E8E M.:G'W KH 5 + E5
lvalue
]`eN E8E 78 5 7UJY%R^(e 5E8E (78W<:GK+
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,,
!0/
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
4 ;RW ;$ E8E E 7U 5%E 5 787G E 5 e;) 5 MK; 5 ;$'78+.: 5 ;$iRWi7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 e RWi7Up
Wi:8'>be n = j6C$W<078 E :8b;RW ez 1]>7:8'+N@ 5 W78:8RM 5 78bRWe0 5 W7G:GRM 5
E RP+;$+K
A
'e;$K+<Y%R ]J7G:G;)7 5 ;$RS+T 5 ;$ E8E :G>7GW<'eMXV 5 R E *vV :8MB7G E :U
B
'e;$K+## 5 e>:8+eS+T 5
AB
;+;+K 5 W+;+K ei7 5 ;$RS>T 5 ;$ EGE beT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMXC
D 5 ; 5 78 5 5%EGE RPRW He' 5 A
e)'e'+'M{V EG5 78 5
B
Y%RMPeT 5 'eK;$(e+e9%RW<)78 E :8V(RW
HeK 5 e eMB;$ 5 e;$Je>e9 RWi)7G E :U3L7G:GVW3 5E 7 5 :8RM'; 5E 5 W<+;$+K
C
A abc
:G>7G>W 5Ea5 7U 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM
A
- - -
- ^ g `
= 5 :GJYR 5E e E 'eKKMP eLMPeT 50E T 5 78+78 E +e%:8; 5E e 5 ;$K78Wib; 5 78 5 C D 5 ; E
E 7G E :U E Y%ReT 5 5E8E R+WRWe#; 5 78.+W {;$ E :G'e 5 Fe 5 ;$'7UWi: +WI 5 ei.e'+'M
eM ^ 5 W 5#5 78'+W;$ E :8.e 5 C E e E 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G E E W3 5 M 5E eT 5 :G+78W<.eL EE T 5
78+78 E +e%:8; 5E e 5 ;$K78W<0 5 7`78:8eRM 5%E C fZ5 7`g$>W)M 5 V$7U0 E 7 5 ;RS E
A aBc
B de
:G>W 5E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o
!0/ q
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
o
- - n -
- ^ `
- -
- a _
f 7U E t+78W 5E Y%R EkE T 5 E 5 78Wi EkE +e%:G>eK E Y%R` 5 ;$>W E +7k+7U; E 5 7kRWeT 5 p
:G>7GW<'eMXVB;$>1+W 5%E t+7U 5 7G78+7: 5 ; 5%E 5%E +W<'e9 5%E Y%R)1T 5 ; 5 ez'eKKMd 5 e eMk; 5
7U 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G6 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM{C m F:G'1+78W 5E[5 t+7U; 5 78 E ;$ E >M.NS+T 5 e(7 5 ;$RS>T 5
; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eMt:G+78+W 5%E >W<'e9 5E MH:8+78e:8.1 5E e 5 78 5 V +;3RW E8E e; 5 5 7aRWi
; E +;+K E Y%R E :8T 5 ;$>e%:G7 5 ; 5)5 L>78; 5 7`;$ E +M'>S>T 5 C fZ5 7`+g$+W<M 5 V
A B(a | b | c)B
B (de | )
:G>W 5E
- n
-
n
- ^ -
-
g
-
`
-
- -
a _
= 5 :G3Y%RRWe#7 5 :8RMK; 5 5 W 5 ;$ E +7 E >W)7GJ+1 .:8; 5 e 5 7U 5 V 5 W 50 _++W 5%E
e 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM C^ E8E < 5 7GWiV E t+W 5E :8W0L]>W 5 W 5 78+78 E +e%:U7`RWii7 5 ;$RS>T 5
B
Y%RJR$:G'M'._>b+;+K Ea5 P 5 eL E V 5 7`W<+ 5 ; 5<5 t+7U; 5 7 C fZ5 7`+g$+W<M 5 V$78
[]
A B[abc]B
B (de | )
:G>W 5E
n
- - n
-
- - -
^ g `
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!0/
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
-
- -
a _
? 5%E@5 L>78; 5 78 E ;$(78+t:GKS+T 5 5 ;+W E +7@78+7G E >e:U; 5%E 5 7@W<> 5 ;$ MKS 5E e 5 7U 5 C
fZ5 7`+g >W<M 5 V
A B(a | b | c) B
B (de)+
5 ; E >7`7G>7G E >e%:8; 5 5 W 5
n
- - n
-
-
^
-
g
-
`
- -
- a _
9!
-
EGE M' E :
- +M'
L
MK E8E ;>M
- -
E8E M. E :
- MK
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,q-
!0/
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
q
L
- `&h&^iXi ba7_[7S
E8E 5 ;$
- - MK
-
-
_ S_[7aci
-
ba7_[7S
L
'
-
- +M'
EGE M. E :
- 17U;$NM -
5 e E :G78R :U;$>+M
-
-
-
5 ;;$NM
- W<:89
&
-
b [7S
-
ba7_[7S
-
-
iSXd:b[X
- -
-
ba7_[7S
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!3%
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
) &
- `\[:iSXd=`S\&d
5 ;$ 5 ;$
- W<+:G9 -
!#%$ &
- b[7S - baX_[7S
5 ;$ 5 ;$
- W<:89 -
-
i X
S :
d
b X
[
- -
- ba7_[7S
!#%$
- - 7UW<M' E :
- - E :U:G>W<+e%: -
9!
-
-
-
'b [7S ba7_[7S
-
iSXd:b[7
- -
-
ba7_[7S
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!3L"
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
))
!#c
- 178;$NM -
-
- :G78. E :U:
-
- 7G'e%: E :8:
-
- 78>; E :8:
-
- 78:8R78e E :U:
-
- E Rt+7 E :U:
-
E :8:
- .
5 7 E :8:
-
- - E :8:GM' E : -
-
- 7g d_X^&
-
9 cG
- T7db[7S
E8E 5 e
- g$78 -
)
- d_=^=a
- M'1M'R -
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!3
i i
/ `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
*7
)
- d_S=7d=[
-
EGE 5 e
- +g$7G
9
)
- i=T_&d
- - 78M' E :
-
-
)
-
b
- - g$78 E8E 5 e
- - E :U:G>W<+e%: -
-
_7hi_
- E :U:8+W<+e%:
-
-
7\d
-
-
E :8: EGE 5 e
- :87G'
- +g$7G
- - E :U:G>W<+e%: -
E :8:
- :87G'
)*H
E :U:8+W<+e%:
- -
- E
:U:GM' E :
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/"
!3%/
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
/"
55
-
baX_[7S
-
- - g$78
E8E 5 e
-
- -
ba7_[7S
- - 7GM. E
:
-
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!3
i i
/ `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
7!#8
9:
:G>7GW
- -
-
:G>7GW
-
-
!
Re7Gg$7
- -
-
Re7Gg$7
-
-
W
-
7
89:
5 7
- :
-
-
-
-
b [7S:=`\[:iS^[7S -
-
iSXd:b[X:=`\[iS^[7S
-
[XchXh
- M'1M'R
- - +g 7G
EGE 5 e
-
i i
i i
i i
^`g= X~ = W 7W ~ X ~X U XT^&_ X X
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
//
-
E8E 5 e
- g$78
^M'Re E 5 e%: 5E@EG5 7G( E +Wie%:GK+3;bM'.eR+W 5 7UW 5 78;; 5E eb+g M.K+S+T 5 ;
E R7UWi:GK+}e E >S>T 5 C LC R$:G7 5E 5 e: 5E YReT 5 5 7UW 5 7U;; 5E zY%Rze>+ E p
E H:UW ;$i E +M'7GN'W<+e%: 5E >78T 5 :878:8; 5E +W+ :8RM 5%E 5%E :8+78 5 7G E Vy 5 E /J W<>;$K;}Y%R
7 5 7GN;$.78W 5E eJ'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 ; 5 e 5E8E5 5 W<.MK; 5 7NVM'RWi E ;$>+ EG E ;$.W<M'+W<+ep
:8S+T 5
P
;$>1>78T 50E +7a +.:8 E 7U07G :8.7ag:8W<>e:8 E +Wie:8'>0Y%R E ;$ E *v<:87G'R'7 J
M'.eR+W}C` E8E 'W}VLi7G7GK<'W)M.>W)>e%:8S>T 5 ; 5 5 W<'MK; 5 7`.7Ui E t+M'97 E >W<e%:GK+
;)M'.eR+W}C
2.7 Um programa em X ++
7 5 7UWi E +R.7b]zRWg$+W<M 5 ;$ 5 W 5&E #R$:8.M'._NM'.eR+W ++ C?dM''W)p
X
M'+W<+e%:URWi&7G1 5 78<;#R E +.e7GK+RvU9I1i]#RWi&;:8CdW 5E 7G>1>W)>e%:G
g$M'K+7` 5 W 5 E8E J7 5 78W<b 5 B'W<M'+W<+e%:8; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
^`g= X~ = W 7W ~ X ~X U XT^&_ X
i i
W X =XXXX=XXXX=XX===X&XX===X&XX===X&XX===X&XX===X
iXi_TXd\&Xd^f:^bfTh=_f:_[XS^f^&d=]\&d_a7_gXiX`^gb[d:b^
XX=XXXX=XXXX=XX===X&XX===X&XX===X&XX===X&XX===XX W
`&h=^iXigb[7S=d_X_W aX_=b[_\[ a7 ^ &dX]\d_gb[ d:b^ W
`&h=^iXia7^&S^WXWa7_=b[_f`h=^iXi_^[b[XQ^&a7^a7\S:bT\a7^S^ ab^"f_i^[\
b[7Sab^#f:_i^[\
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d ' WXW`\[:iSXd=XS\&d } i_fT^d f:_&S=d\i
^[\ } XX WXWb[:b=`7b^7hb 7^_f } W } W } X=
f:_i }
ab^ }
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d b'[7SaOb'[7SfKb'[7S^ W=W`\[:iSXd=XS\&d ~ ab^#fi_^[\`\f:\
WXWT^&df:_&SXd\i
ab^a
f:_if
^[\^
b[7S`\fT^&d^ a7^&S^ WXW`\fT^d^a&^ia7^S^i
WXWd_&S\&d&[^ f:_[\&d f^cb\&d b=^7h
b ^[\ Z6^[\ S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }
b ^[\ Z6^[\ S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }:
b f_i ZGf_i S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }
b f_i ZGf_i S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }:
b acb^ Z3acb^ S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }
b acb^ Z3acb^ S=Q_[d7_&S=7d=[ }:
d_&S&7d=[
WXWcb[^7h`&h&^iXi_a7^S^
XW W]^&d:b&]_cb=i a7^`&h=^iXi_gb[7SXd7_X_
a7^&S7^7_ e WXW`Q^&]_a7_`\fT^&d^X\
gb[XSXd_X_h&_==Se6db=Q7S WXWd_=7_&d[:`7b^T^&d^\ibhQ\i
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d aX^&S^
_ e
h=_=&S[XchXh
i i
i i
i i
^`g= X~ = W 7W ~ X ~X U XT^&_ X
i i
Ou
Z +(F "x)\B*<yV@ X ++
/o
d:b&Q7S[XhXh
b[7Sb[i_&dXS a7^&S^ W=W^=acb=`7b\[^f_7h=_f_[7S\[^&d=]\&d_
b[7S e
Z`\fT^&d7^ _
b S=Q_[
b h=_== S 3[XhXh
S=Q_[d_&S&7d=[h=_=&SZ
b[:i_&dXS
h=_==S[_Ygb[7S=d_X_
d_&S=Xd=[ }
b S=Q_[
b d:b=QXS 3[=chXh
S=Q_[d_&S&7d=[d:b&Q7SZ
b[i_&dXS
d:b=QXS[_Ygb'[7SXd_X_
d_&S=Xd=[ }
d_&S&7d=[
b[7SSXd7_X_T7d:b'[7S b[XS WXWbfT7dbf:_^!&dX]\d_
b[7Sb
b h=_=&S" [XhXh
S=Q_[bh=_&=SZ SXd7_X_T7d:b'[7S
7\&d b | b O bb }
T7d:b[XS
T7d:b'[7S_ Z3acb^= W _ Z%f:_i W 7_ Z6^[\ # [
b d:b&Q7S 3[XchXh
S=Q_[bd:b=Q7SZ S=d_X_T7db[7S
b[7SiS7^&dXS '
gb[XSXd_X_S
b[7SbaOfK^
a7^&S7^Y
T7d:b'[7S % $ b:bS_\acb^eU
d_X^&aa
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!3%
i i
T7d:b'[7S %$ b:bS_\f_i|U
d_X^&af
T7d:b'[7S %$ b:bS_\^[\eU
d_X^&a^
Y[_Ya7^S^ aO"fV^
S[_Ygb'[7SXd_X_ Y
7\&d b | b } bb }
T7d:b[XS & $ b:bS7_\ab^eU
d_X^=aa
T7d:b[XS & $ b:bS7_\f:_i|U
d_X^=af
T7d:b[XS & $ b:bS7_\^[\eU
d_X^=a^
Y[_Ya7^&S7^ aO"fK^
b SZ
b[i_&dXS Y X
S=Q_[T7d:b'[7S
h=_f:_[7S\X^_ b=iS_ # [
bSZ S=d_X_T7db[7S
d_&S&7d=[
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/%q-
!3%
i i
Captulo 3
Anlise Lxica
=^ E :8+ :8RM 5 1+78+W 5E 5 W 5 5 e E :G78R.7 5 eLM' E ; 5 73M']g$K 5 A07U-M''eR>W
= 5 :G&Y%R 5%EiE W3 5 M 5E eT 5 :G+78W<.eL E 5 W) +W 5 MHL+: 5EG5 78 5 Y%RM^e 5%EGE
M'.eR+W]0;$ e';C fZ5 7 5 R$:87 5 MK; 5 V E8E bM.t: 5 eL;<Wi E ]bY%RbRW 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$
EG W0 5 M 5%E V 5 7d E8EG5 V 5 ;$ E +7@; eK; 5 5 W 5 RWiJM'.eR+W}V EG5 7GaRW 5 R$:87 5 MHL+: 5 C
= 5 > EG5 V E8E JM.t: 5iE >78)Y%RMKY%R+7`+78 :8+78 m 4 ll YR( 5E8E E +7^7GWi_>+e; 5 e RW
7UY%R'1 5 :Gg : 5 C
? E8E iM''eR>WV 5 78W<;)L>M 5%E eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eL E V]V>W>78M{VL>WWi E^E .W<M' E Y%R
M'.eR+W)pwM'1 5 ; 5 5 W<.MK; 5 7d 5 E eT 5 .eLM'R E :87GR$:8R7U E 5 W<M'g E 5 W 5 5 Wie; 5%E
e.e9L; 5 5 R3L78 E ; EG W0 5 M 5%E > E ; 5%E 5 W I
5 7 >e%:G E E V 5 M'U9+:G E5 R0U9I1 E C f[5 7Z E8E5 V
5 ;+W 5E R:G'M.'_>7dRW W 5 ;$>M 5 Wi EdE 'W)M. E 78(78+78 E +e%:87[:8 E M'.eR+e E V%U9Wi; E
;$M.'eR+e E 7G>RMK78 E C-= E :G}+ :8RM 5 '7G>W 5%E 78+1+7 5E 5 eL+.: 5%E0EG5 7GR$:GWi: 5%E
e.: 5%E 6g$78 E8E E 78+RM'7G E VNYR E T 5 ;R E 5 78Wi E ;@78+78 E +e%:87BM'.eR+e E 7G>RMK78 E C
] 5 M.t: 5iE5 7G 5 Y%RMB)M'.eR+W]J; eK; m
S
]RW 5 ev*Re%: 5) eH: 5 eT 5 1_+ 5 ;$ E :8; 5E m
s0
] 5 E :U; 5 'e'+'M{V
s0 S
m
]b0 ReS>T 5 ;$J:878e E KS+T 5 ;( E :U; 5%E V
:SS
m
/%q
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!)o
i i
a
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
b
a
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
c
d
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
b
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' *()(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +(* )(')(' +* )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' *(*()(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +*+* )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
Aceita
c
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' *(*()(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* Controle )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +*+* )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' *(*()(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* de)(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +*+* )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
Finito No
'('()(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' *(*()(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' Estados +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +(*+(* )(')(' +*+* )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )(')(' )')'
Aceita
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!)o"
i i
^W jZ\ 5 ;$ E >7`7G>78 E +e%:8; 5 5 7^W<> 5 ;$RWi0:8L>M'i; :878e E 'S>T 5 ;$ E :8; 5E C
=^ EGE -:8L>M'g$ E :8RWiM.'e978>;- E :8; 5 RWi, 5 M'Re78+;M.+:G7U; 5
M.t: 5 ; >e:878;CZ(; 5%E65 E :8; 5 J0M.+:G7U V$ 5 M 5 +p E ^e0 5E 'S>T 5 ;b:Ut+MK
5 1M 5 7`;$ C f[5 7`g$+W<M 5 V$L7U
s a
V$:G>7 W 5%E
sa (s, a) A1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
s0 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0
s1 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1
s2 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2 s0 s1 s2
^Wi; E 1Ie%:8+e E ;$ E `R$:8.M'._N7kRW jZ78J;$ e'7dY%R EkE T 5J5E : 5 >e E E >7G>W
78> 5 e9NK; 5E L>M 5 Az]`Y%RF]F'M$'W)M.>W)>e%:87ZRWA E >; 5 e^:Ut+MKJ;$F:G7Ue E 'S>T 5
;$^ E :U; 5%E C D MLeM' E ; 5 7k;$+1^t+e E M'+7dRW<bM.+:G7U;J+e%:G7U;JVL E >; 5 e(:8L>M'V
_>+7zW3R;eS+;$< E :8; 5 C m 5 E :U; 5 +W Y%R 5 jZ E 0>e 5 e:8787 5 7JRW E :8; 5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!)o
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
? E8E ;'7UWi]iRW 78 5 ;$'78> 5 eL; 5 Rv 5E 1]+7G:GK E VB78+78 E +e%:U; 5%E 5 70 78+RM 5%E
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>W 5E E :8; 5E ; 5 j[ <Rv E 7G E :U E 5 7878 E 5 e;$+W JE :G7Ue E KS E +e%:G78
E :8; 5E C fZ5 7ag$+W<M 5 VL3:878e E 'S>T 5 ]78+78 E +e%:U;3 5 7>
(s0 , 1) = s1
1
S0 S
1
= 5 + E5 +W Y%R0:G>W 5E ;$'1+7 E E :G7Ue E 'S E ;$ e'; E +e%:G78<; 5 E E :8; 5E Vt 5 ;$+W 5%E
78+78 E +e%:8pXMK E : 5 ; E 5 WRW< "He'> E :8V7 5 :GRM';< 5 W: 5 ; E E M.+:G7U E E8EG5 +'; E E KJ
:G7Ue E KS E C f[5 7`g$+W<M 5 V E J:G>W 5E V$78+78 E +e%:UW 5E
(s0 , 1) = (s0 , 4) = (s0 , 7) = s1
1,4,7
S0 S
1
0,3,6,9 0,3,6,9
1,4,7
S0 2,5,8 S
1
1,4,7 1,4,7
2,5,8 2,5,8
S2
0,3,6,9
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
"
!)o/
i i
3,6,9 0,3,6,9
1,4,7
S0 2,5,8 S
1
1,4,7 1,4,7
2,5,8 2,5,8
S2
0,3,6,9
W<+e 5%E M'RW< E Y%R: +W I 5 ;$'.: 5
# 5 W 5 %
CF 5 7 5 E8E 7F:8M+;$+KV 5 5 W) 5 7G:8p
W<+e%: 5 ;$ E >7GK
A2
? E :8; 5 5 7878+e%:G A:878)M''; f 7GIg$'W 5 E :U; 5
E :8; 5 .eKKM
s0
s2
s2
s0
s0
D 5 Wi78+W 5E 5 W 5 +g$+W<M 5 RW AY%R6;+167GN 5 e9>++7[t+e E :G7 I E :G' 5E ;$@: 5 +e E
XH m
e W<+7 5E 'e%:G>.7 5E K;$+e%:8 >; 5 7G E V 5 78W<; 5E 5 7^M.+:G7U E ); .: 5E V E +W<78'e'+'; 5E 5 7
m
RWiM':G7U MKI1 78-7G E >7G1; btC fZ5 ;$>W 5%E 5 e E :87GR.7 5 j[
A3
W 5%E :878; 5 e
R78)/C C
k*v#Y%R 5 jZ; R7U</C # 5 e E5 W<J: 5 ; 5E^5E 7Ue 5E ( 5 W 5 E LS 5 V$:8BV+:8V
e 5 E :U; 5 "C[ + 5 E V%;$+t+eL;$+e; 5 ;$Y%RM]JM':G7U E +R.e%:GV>M.^;$ E 1 KJ7U 5E E :U; 5%E
$VP/ 5 R#78#7GN 5 e9>++7NV78 E LN :G'1W<+e%:8VtRWe W<+7 5 VPiMKI1 78 XH pb 5 R 5 e 5 W<);$
32
RW K;$+e%:G >; 5 7>C^?@M.0+e%:8T 5 5 e:8.e RVt 5 e E RW<'e; 5 M':878 E :8]0Y%R0e+e9 RWi#:G7Ue E 'S>T 5
g$ E :UC ReL; 5 E8E55 5 7G78VyRW : 5 +e& 5 dK;$>e:8 +; 5}E 5 E :8; 5 >W Y%Ri+M'<7 5 R
] eMXC^W+787 5 M.]+g$' 5 5 kU9; 5zE 5 E :8; 5 eLT 5 ] eM{C fZ5 7G:8e: 5 VP+;#1+_0Y%R 5
A]Jg$NR$:U; 5 V%RWe 5 1 5 : 5 +e](7GN 5 e9>+'; 5 CZO+g$:8W)>e%:GJ E8E 'WY%R 5 eM' E ; 5 7
E .e%:8:GK 5 R$:8.M'._N 5 AdCL\+;01+_Y%R 5 m eN E8E H:U);RW: 5 >eBV$+M'g$NR$:U 5 A
Y%ReM. E 0<>e:878;0(M'9J 5 7GeNJRW: 5 +ee 5 1 5 C
b }~X
+e%:878;
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
%
!)o
i i
% `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
dgito
dgito
2
branco
i f
1 3 4
letra, dgito
yb V$e
}~X
5 jZ'7U078: 5 78e7Fe E R)78.W<+'7U0+g$>RLS+T 5)5 ';+e%:G +; 5 7 E +Re;V 5 ';$>e%:G.p
V
>; 5 7 #Ve0:8+7U+'7UV 5 XH
e W<+7 5 C m )+e%:878;0 5 7
b }~=
)78.W<+'7U)U9LWi;)'78)78: 5 78e7`)MKI1 78078 E +781I; (b#V;$> 5 E V 5 XH
e W<+7 5 0 4&5 C6?
b }~=
E J)>e:878;0 5 7
}~X b } ~X
g$>W)M 5 V E (:G'1>7GW 5%E 0>e%:G7U;
yb }~X6
'7G>W 5%E^5 $:G>7 e78.W<+'7Uig$>+RS+T 5 ; 5 A 5 .e%:8+'7 5 "N/iVPe RWi E +Re;i+g$>RLS+T 5 V
5 ';+e%:G +; 5 7 C
f 7U 5 W<M':U78W 5%E5 e 5%EGEG5 AQ E N; 5 e RW jZ0V78>+ E W 5%E .e; EGEG5 K7J
+;e-YRLM 5 :G' 5 ;$i: 5 +e EGEG5 K; 5 >M.C fZ5 70g$+W<M 5 VZe 5 jZ V E L>W 5%E
Y%R E E Rg$>+RS+T 5 :8+78W<.ee 5 E :U; 5 $V6RW XH
e W<>7 5 5 `78> 5 e9>K; 5 m
A3E :G>7GW<'e
e 5%E E :8; 5E / 5 RoVRW';+e%:G +; 5 7J 5 d78> 5 e9NK; 5 m E ):8+78W)'e}e 5 E :U; 5 LVRW
5 k78> 5 e9>K; 5 Cb^M']+W ;$ E8E5 Vy7GN E W 5E(E L>7 Wi E M'RWi E 'e$ 5 7GWiS E(E5 7G)
M'I1 7UYR^ +_J 5 W YR:UML: 5 +ei 5%EGE ^78> 5 e9NK; 5 C f 78.eL'M'W<+e%:G(+W : 5 >e E 5 W 5
XH
K;$+e%:G >; 5 7G E <e W<+7 5E Vy78>+ E W 5E(E t+7bY%RM[ 5 dzLMKI1%7UY%R 5 7G''e 5 R 5 : 5 +e
5 7J+g >W<M 5 V E )+;$+K]">
5 R">
CJ?78> E W 5E(E L>7(:8W0L]>W Y%RMk]<
M 5 >M'._NS>T 5 ; 5 : 5 +eBV 5 7kg$+W<M 5 V+W YRL E M.'e9J^ 5 M'ReJ; 5 7UY%R'1 5 ;$`+e%:G7U; EGE
M'I1 7U E )+eL 5 e%:878C? EGE z.e$ 5 7GWiS+T 5 "H$:G'Mk7UY%R
] 5 m 5%EGE 'e;$K+7^u+W + EG5
;$>7G7 5 V 5 7`g$>W)M 5 u 5 5 e: 5<5 e;$ E :U<0LMKI1%7UC
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!)oo
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z /
E8E 'W}V78^ 5 e E :G78R'7RW AL E >; 5 e 5 jZ V;$+1+7 W 5%E 5 e E :G78R'7 E +R'e:8
:8L>M'V 5 eL;$7G>78 E +e%:8W 5%E t+e E E :878e E 'S E 13M''; E C6?dW
A YRLMKYR+7` E :8; 5 V E J 5 7
M'';)e)>e:878;bRW<)M':878)78)Y%RMPeT 5 +g E :80:G7Ue E KS+T 5 V% 5 e E K;$+7Up E ( 5 W 5 78Ig$.W 5
E :8; 5 RW1M 5 7[eT 5 g$ E :8+e%:GV 5 W 5
V 5 7Z+g >W<M 5 C[ HM.:G'WiJ 5 M'Re ; :8L>M' .eL;$'>
5 :G' 5 ; 5 : 5 +e} E8E5 K; 5 5 E :U; 5 C
" 78e 5 ."
;$'.: 5
;$'.: 5 X / M.+:G7Up
*
o
87
?@c^c^
= s?@c^
/ * M':878 o ;$.H: 5 o l ?@= D
M':878 o ;$'.: 5 o l j
o M':878 o ;$'.: 5 o l ?@= D
F G&HI%J = HY K ;M=ML L G&NPO := H LQ;ARRSRR LT9<=Q::U;%>;%<:=Q:V= =?G&>H =A=A:= @C=XBEL%D W6;^Y K6Z >=MY GQK :=AY Z&[ =
\ ] ^ GZ LT``Pa > Y =SZ RHRALQ; O :;HYQ=SY = LQ;Y =cLQ;%:: ^
_ ] G LQ;QY Z =A[`cG D ZbHN HK ZbHN G JQH G&HKG
d ] ] Y JH=A`SY =Sf
D
e ] ^ ] =; Z?HN ZbHN
g ] G&H LQ;QY =A`SLQ;Y =Af
D
h ] ] JH RR ^ JH= ; L =Y
i j^P`
`mDll G RKRon[ =YQ=QZbHp:Z =MZ Y =
k Y ZbHN =QsA`SY ZbHQN = RRtY ZbHN =M; H[GZ&[ ^ GSZbHZ L Z =M; K ; jG&H
Frq LQ;Y JH =sA`ALQ;QY JH = RRSL%;Y JH =M; H[G ^ GAZbHZ L Z =A; K ; jG&H
FuF
Fr\ J ``Xnj :;%v >; ^ = ;wRRRUnR :x&Z?Hv Z >L ;Z =Y Z^ V=t= W; Y K=Z >; = G ^ KYQ==[ ;ty p Z =^ Z&LQK;%:= [ ;;MLQ;?>zL{
Fr_ j = ;Z GsK [ Z G K [ H K O6G [G [
F|d G&HI%J H^TK f`Aj
L } RRSL%; H L%= KG&H =
LT~on6=YQ=QpQ:=
Fre ] Y =ML
Frg ] ^ GZ LT``Pa > Y = RRSYQon:x%v Z >=MY GQK := [ = G&HK := [ =
Fh ] G LQ;QY Z =A[`cG D ZbHN
Fri ] ] Y JH=A`SY =Sf
D
Frk ] ^ ] =; Z?HN ZbHN
\uq ] G&H LQ;QY =A`SLQ;Y =Af
D
\F ] ] ` JH JRoH W6Y >; ^ = ;Tp ^ = ;
\u\ ] J `Xnj :;&v >; ^ = R; K6Z G K [ Z Z&K [
\u_ ]^ = j YQ=/ BZ ; G K``[``PQRQ6Ro n:x&vRQZR >; G ^ K;t= [ ;^ y [=G =;tLQa;&: [ ;M=Y LQ;?>L{
\d GtK OG J jG&H RR := =b> Jt; H6 ::G;SKY%Q[v LQ; Z?H
\ue ]^ =; :Q:;T G v Z LQ; K K G&HK [GtG Z
\ug G&H B n;S` = Y%=/ Br;
\h ] K Bn6K6=Z YQ=QpQ:=AK `MO6G^ j j6G&H
\ui ] K BuY =A`tY =s
\uk ] K BLQ;ZbHY N =A`AZbLQH;NY =s
_uq : ] GQK ;%:K H6GSK JH JH RRT: ;%: =M; ; ; ;
_ F GQK H K j6GUH OK6ZU[
= E M'.e9 E " V%b:G7Ue E 'S>T 5 Y%R 5 e EG5 W< 5%E 7UeL 5E .eKK E ]^:G7U:U;;Wie>.7U
E t>KMXV 5 E 7GN E W 5%E6E t+7F+WYR(M''e90JY%RJ 5 M.Re3'eKKp E J0MKI1 78bY%R 5 7G.p
'e 5 R 5 : 5 +eBC[? E8E E 7Ue 5E 5 ;$+W}V%e1+7U;;$V E +7d1 E : 5E 5 W 5 Y%R>M. EdE +78; 5 78 E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!)o
i i
;$FMKI1 78 E Y%RFe 5%E 78 >7G'W 5E e 5 'e 5 ; 5 + :8RM 5 V+W\1+_F;$6M':878 E Y%Ra 5 W< +W E
M'I1 7U E C=T 5 5 ;$>W 5E V 5 78]+W}V'e 5 7U7Z: 5 ; 5%Ek5E 7Ue 5E Y%R78>++78+Web+e%:G7U;V
5 E M'Re E ;+M' E 5 ;+W_+>7`7G:G;$J: 5 >e E 5 W 5 e RWi< 5 e E :Ue%:G; 5 :8. 5#E :87G'eLC
E 178KI1+ E CA Vo C cA o;$>1>W E >7 'eKKM'._N; E e%:G E ;$ E 0R$:8.M''_>7Jt+MK
78.W<>.7U31+_ 5 AdC?dM' E 7G+:I>W E >R E 1M 5 78 E +e%:87GJ;$R E g$>+RS E ; 5 AdC= 5 'e 5 ;$
+;)g$>+RS+T 5 V E +R E 1M 5 78 E 5 787G E 5 e;+W J 78Ig 'Wi3M':878< E +7`R$:8.M'._N;C
=zM.'eR+W VBY%R<]) E :8e:8 E .W<M' E VP:G>W 5E e;W<+e 5E YR</ EG W0 5 M 5%E
X ++
:G>7GW<'e E YR@:8+78'WYR E +7Z7GN 5 e9>+'; 5E t+M 5 AdC R$:878 E M''eR>e E Wi E 5 W)M.+g$ E
5 ;+W:8+7`RWe W<+7 5 XH .e; E Rt+78 5 7>V 5 Y%R;$ RM.:8<L E :8e%:8(< 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ; 5 j[
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:GC W<2; E Wie+'78 E ;$;$'W<.e R'7} E8E ;$ RMK;;-]R$:8.M'._Ne; 5 RW
R:GWi: 5< e.: 5 eT 5 ;:G>7GW<'e KE :8' 5 j[= ( Y%Rb]bRWW 5 ;$>M 5 M''+'7UW<+e%:Gb;H >7G>e:8
7807G>78 E +e%:87F<M'.eR+W; 5 AdC
^W jZ=\;$. +78 ;$(RW jZ >W 7G>M'S+T 5 5 : 5 ;$ :G+7`;$'1>7 EG5E E :8; 5E .eKK E
Y%RJ ReS+T 5 ;$^:878e E 'S>T 5 ;$ E :U; 5%E ] ; eK; 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E Rt 5 ev*Re: 5E
e.: 5%E ; V 5 R
: S
E vV% 5 ;$(g$ E :8.76W< E ;$ RWiJ:G7Ue E KS+T 50E .e; 5 ;$RW E :U; 5 7U
(S)
W< E WiM':878-; 5 M.t: 5 C fZ5 70+g >W<M 5 V 5 jZ= W 5E :G7U; 5 e R7U&/Co 5
jZ= ; 4 Y%R
R780/C 378> 5 e9>>W3W< E Wi0M.'eRL>W
A 5 j[ W 5E :G7U; 5 e
A
R78)/C 5C
A3
dgito
dgito
branco 2
i f
1 3 4
letra
5
letra, dgito
?e 5 jZ= V E >7GK
A5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
%o
!)o%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z %o
branco dgito
dgito
2
1
branco
i f
3 4 5
branco
letra
6 7
letra, dgito
^WjZ=\78> 5 e9> RWi<+;+K E V 5b eMB; E RL3+g NRS>T 5 V%M.RW; 5%E E :U; 5%E
5 7G78+e%:8 E L>7:8+e+F 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$F E :8; 5E eL E C[?kg$>+R$:8e; 5 5 W 0 V:8+7 W 5%E
5 E :8; 5 o}:G'1 5 e 5 eMF;g$NRS>T 5 ; 5
F A
j[= VZ 5 7:Ue%: 5 V@ 4 0 ;$>1>7GK E >7b78> 5 p
e9NK; 5 5 W 5 K;$>e:8 +; 5 7NC %#e 5E >Re; 5 + E5 Vt 5# eM[;+;$+K UVP:8+7 W 5E ; 5 E
E :8; 5E 5 7G78+e%:8 E VW3 5E t+7G:G+eL+e%:8 E 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 C m F E8E >W 5%E R:G'M.'_>7k E8E ajZ=
78.W<M'+W<+e%:U7(e 5 AdVP:8+7 W
F
5%E RW7 5 M'+WiVP 5 E eLT 5}E L>7 W 5E Y%RM 5 : 5 +e
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G J M'I1 7U#M'';V E E >7GKRW K;$+e%:G >; 5 7 5 R-RW UC D +7 W 5%E Vy>e%:8T 5 V
Y%RJ E :8L>M.N+7`7G 5 78';;$ E L7U0;$NK;$'7`+e%:G78; 5 E E :8; 5E Y%R(:G>7GW<'e7UW:G'1 5%E C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!)o
i i
L1 L2 {x.y | x L1 y L2 }
j>U9 5 ;$ JM'+>e0 k;;0M'.eR+W EG5 78 5 M.t: 5 V$;$ e+p E 5 W 5
E +eL; 5
L C
L
L (L L) (L L L) (L L L L) ...
^M'Re E g$+W<M 5E ;)M''>S+T 5 ; E8E E65 L>78; 5 78 EaE T 5
](RW<<?6cY%Rb 5 787G E 5 eL;$ J M'.eR+W
{}
m
]JRWi<?@c Y%R 5 7G78 E 5 e;$ J M.'eRL>W
=m
E E T 5 ?@c E YR 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>W JE M.'eRL>e E V>e%:8T 5 ]^RWi
e e
+g$7G1 EGE T 25 87 +RM'7aY%R 5 8
7 7G E 5
e ; J M'.eR+W
L1 L2
L1 L 2
m e1 e 2
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
q-
!)o
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z q
RzW<>M.9 5 7`YR EGEG5 V 5 ;$+7 W 5E ;$ e.7`>;0RW; 5%E : 5 +e E E >7G>W 7GN 5 e9>+'; 5E
5 7`W<+ 5 ;$RWi)?@cC fZ5 7`g$+W<M 5
o
digito digito
m
J
if
m
U
0
letra (letra digito)
C
++ Ck? E8E 7 5 78W<Jt+78W<H:8(Y%R( E t> Y%R>W 5%E@5%E : 5 +e E ; 5 e 5E8E5 A- 5 76W<+ 5 ;$
X
?@c E J+7GK)RW7 5 7UWi3%I10>_J;(M'+7(78> 5 e9>>7a E8E E : 5 +e E C
:8W3t]+WY%RM(]M''eR>WV 5 R 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$-: 5 +e E E >7G>W7GN 5 e9>+'; 5%E t+M 5
A@C$? E8E 7UY%R'1 5 5 ;$(:G+7^Y%RM'Y%R>76e 5 W<V$Wi E 5E :GRWip E R$:8.M''_>7aRWi0g :G>e E T 5 C
dW 5%E e 5E 78 >7G'7`0 EGE 7UY%R.1 5 5 W 5 78Y%R'1 5 C v vr C
78Y%R'1 5 E +7(:878:8; 5 t+M 5 I1 4`4 ]i;$'1 ';'; 5 >W ;$'1+7 E E(E NS E C) 78'W)>.7U
;$>M' E ;:G>7GW<'eJM'Re E L7UW<:87 5%E 78((>78S+T 5 ; 5 A}`; 5 m C? EGE E NS+T 5 'e'+'p E
5 W bM'I1 7U^ 5 $:G 5 e E V 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U; 5 E >R'7NC 4 ;RW;$ EGE E 7UW<+:G7 5E 5E8E R
RW 1M 5 7pr;78T 5 E 7GN E W 5%E 'e+M.R'7eze 5E8E ;$ eKS+T 5 Y%R>M. E 7UW<:87 5%E +Rv 5
1M 5 7`;$ E vW 5E MH:8+7U7NC[= 5 > EG5 ;)M.'eRL>W ++ V'78+W
5E R E 7^L>e E 5 PS+T 5
X
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G X s
i i
\T7Sb\[:i
&XX 7^Xhi_
? E8E 5 tS>T 5 +:8 5 W 5 ; 5 Y%R 5 A 5 m E T 5 +7U; 5%E C 5 +7U7 5E eM. E ; 5 78 E V 5
%I1I 4`4 78'3RWi3MK E8E %I1Ib7U 5 A-RWi07U 5 m C m ( E8E 5 PS+T 5 :G'1>7 5 1IM 5 7
oc?A? o
VLY%R3] 5 1M 5 7GpX;$7UT 5 V%:Ue%: 5 i+M' EGE b 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 5 m Y%Re%: 5 5 A E +7UT 5
true
=kI
& XX 7^Xhi_
E8E
MK E Rv 5E 5 W< 5 e+e%:8 E 17GKI1> E bW<]: 5 ; 5E E T 5 IC 465 W 5 5 e E >Y >eKV E
RW\ m @RW\ A 5 ;$+W E +7Z78'; 5E CB`:8.M'._Ne; 5 5 tS>T 5 a:8+W)p E 6W< 5 7
P+g ''M.K;;$V[ 5 E ;$.1+7 E E ' E ; 5 m VZ 5 W 5 5 e E NY &kI+e+'V; 5 AJ 5 ;$+W E >7
78K; E C fZ5 7 5 R$:87 5 MK; 5 V;$^ 5 7U; 5 5 W(; 5 +RW<+e%:8S+T 5 ; 5 %I1 4`4 V 5 ;$ E +W<t+e9 5 ;$
RW 5 W<'M'; 5 7a E :U:GK 5 ] E RL>7G 5 7` 5 ;$JRWeT 5 E :8:GK 5 C[?@W3 5 7U0R:G'M.'_+>W 5%E t+e E
RWi+Ki; 5 m e 5 e 5E8EG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7>VL7G+ +78.W 5%E RWeT 5 E :8:8' 5 t+eL E L7U#Y%R
5 M.>H: 5 7` 5E8E )1+7`Y%R E`E T 5 E .W<M'K+S E ;$ E :U 5 tS>T 5 e)'W)M.>W)>e%:8S>T 5 C
C'A61bAcA
RW '78 5 78..e7 RWi +M' EGE 6U9LWi; V>Y%R E >78 +M' EGE
; 5 m V`RW78Y%R'1 5 Y%R^ 5 e%:G]>W E8E (+M' EGE C D 5 ; 5 + ;. 5 5 M 5 >; 5 e EGE
:G78>U9 5 ; 5 78Y%R'1 5 C v v E +7U3'e+M.R ; 5 e EGE )MK E8E C
C'A 6 D6AcAMDQ C= 5
MK E8E 5 78Y%R'1 5#5 e;$0+MK])78W<_+>e;%F:G>W 5 e 5 W<0; 5 m W< E
= 5 e 5E8E5 + E5 V$ 5 7^g$>W)M 5 ViMK E8E ; 5 A E +78'<U9W<;
v78T 5 R$:8.M'._N; 5 t+M 5 %I1I 4`4 V 5 A]<U9Wi; 5 ;$ D 5 >e&seL>7>Vt 5 7( E8E5z5 e 5 W<
;<MK E8E C
n>MA
C'A
= 5 7 5 7UWi/C$V 5 + ;. 5 ;$+e%:87 5 ; E8E E >S>T 5 ; 5 7UY%R.1 5 C v vF;$ e 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5
C'A
;zMK E8E CL?dM'3])7G E 5 e E I1>MB 5 7(1+78 +7Y%R E E T 55E 7UW<:87 5%E ;$0+e%:G7U;V
78K7 5-5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :G' 5 +g NR$:U7)&eLM' E EG5 78#RW 78Y%R'1 5 +Rv 5 e 5 W<# 5
EGE ; 5 5 W 5 L7UW<:87 5 C m 5 e 5 W<JR$:G'M.'_>; 5 5 twp{UV$>e%:8T 5 ieLM' E E >783 +.:8 EG5 78
^>e%:G7U;pX;$7UT 5 m E :G>W}C 'eL CZ?dM'a>H:U`:UW3t]+W 5 PS+T 5 .)$
{VYR@W 5 ;$ +( E ;
7 5 ;$R_+K;)t+M 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NC
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G cX D
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z
Fh O ;;Y G = H >^T`ta=Y^ G
Fri &6^ KG >B; JK Bn: ZbHK Y H y G :6^ Z ; H {
Frk RQRSYQS;^on6=Q:?> :;^Xn6=^^%= ;^Xn6=Q:=A;ALQ;?>n YQ= ;%:
\uq a;%:y Z `Ps ZTGQ K =Q:<^BY G&H < K%[ N! D Z ff{ Z [
\F
\u\
\u_ Z a>y^T=Q:` <6^: Z& B K ;&6;& G :=^ G yE{B GQI&J =Y^yl ^ N ;%: K l%{{
\d K J6G
\ue G Y^ G
\ug &6^ KG >B; JK Bn: ZbHK Y H y?l^%=Q< GZ ^ =%p=AYQ= H < ^ N ;%: K
Z?H n JK a Z Y G l%{
\h &6^ KG >B G v Z&K ys{
\ui
\uk
_uq
_F ay=Q:<^ Z& B GQI%J =Y^y?l l&{{
_u\ Z RRtYQ = := = n6= : ;
_u_ %6^ KG >B; JK [ B|n: ZbG&HHKK Y H [ y?lE G = [6[ ZbH <aQ:;?>z^ K = H[ =Q: [
ZbH n JK BSBtBl&{
_d n6=Q:^ G :A` HG cYQ= H <Cy%^ KG >B ZbH {
_ue
_ug Y^
_h G G RRtYQ [ ;t=Q: I&JZ p;
_ui a Z Y G&H =b> G `P=Q:<6^=Q:<6^BY G&H < K%N D
_uk %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H y?lE G = [6ZbH <aQ:;?>
a Z Y G lfTa Z Y G&H =b> G fmlBtBSBl&{
dq
dF K :An6 =Q:6^ :A` MYQ= <y =%p=CB ;B Y n : =?>yua Y =b> {Q{
d\ G H6G H H6G Z Z G H JK K G Z G&H G
d_ L%= L y =%p=CB ;B Y 6; ; vL n ; {T
dud K N%6^ >B; Z B|n:Z G Y K y?lEJ H[Y lG fPK6Za HY G =b> fml ; a; Bl%{
de : GQK%JK:G H JK ZbHK H Z G Z G&H G H K JH[
dg
dh
di n=Q:6^ :CB ;^^ ;%: `>^
dk n=Q:6^ GG :CB|n:G&H;%<Q:=b>N yE{K RRAL N =?>=A;> K ; [ ; I&J6G a=QVS=t= H6 Y Z ^ G
euq
eF RQRPp G : Z a Z L%=c^ GoN ; J p GAG ::;SY%Qv Z LQ;
eu\
eu_ Z ay%n66=%^ :6^ >G :/B; B K ; j6B|nG&H: ^Q; JY :L yrn6G =QBa:6;^ JH:/[ B G; vQ::;%^Q:; yE:{L u`SBa6;sM{ v%::;%:Cy{cf
ed KG JK ZbHK H G K j6G&H J lG v JHL%[ =YPG :Q:;%:6^Ta; l&{
eue G Z JH[
eug G Y^ G %6^ >B; B|n: Y y?lE9:;&<:=b>^ LL ^Q^&a YY&
= =Y V Bl%{
eh KG JK ZbHK H J G J H Z GQ[
eui RR>= ZbH
euk ^ = LXn Y Lt : < >y v{RR> K ; [ ;t= J v Z Y Z =Q:
guq K KZ JO Z K ZbH Z ZbHK
gF
gu\ ZbHK KP: Z?Hj <
^
gu_ ^X` K ; j6GUH >=Q< G rv
gd
gue j :QM`M^^TBYQ=`A^ K^ BH^ [G v^ %aC: ylb<Clyl%D{ {
gug KL%= L y : J<O K vZbH %a%6j ; ^Uv6L n ; {
gh K N K ZbH H[G JK JH[ G K6Z H!G
gui : G%K%J : H ^
guk
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o
!0%
i i
o `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
hq
hF RRPYQ= <Q
h\ H
h_ 9Q 6U6&Q/yYQ= <{
hrd H
z>
W<]: 5 ; 5 E :8:8' 5 ]#R:G'M.'_>; 5 t+eL E L7U}7G>M' 5 e7bRW : 5 +e,78> 5 e9NK; 5
F
Q6 %&% 9:;%<:=?>=A@CBu@
\
_ ZbHK L%; JHK G vQ::;%:c`ts
d n Y L a; vQ::;%:CyE{
e JO Z ZbHK JH[ G
g : : L%; vQ::;%:C
h G%K%J H JHK G
i
k
Frq
E >S>T 5#E +R.e%:G])iWi E 'W) 5 7G:8e%:Gb78i;$ e'S>T 5 ; 5 AdCP=^>M' E T 5 ; eK; 5%E
Y%R E[5E : 5 >e E E +78+W\78> 5 e9NK; 5E VY%R E[5E +7U:G>7G E E >7G>W;$ E 78+_N; 5%E 5 R$:87 5%E
5 W< 5 7:UW<+e%: 5%E Y%R 5 A&;$+1(:G>7>C l eKK78+W 5%E W)>e 5 eLe; 5 Y%R E@E T 5(5%E +78 :8+78 E
Y%R<;$+1+W E >7;$ E 78+_>; 5E e%:G E ; E 0'eKK7 5 78> 5 e9N'W<+e%: 5 ;$0RW : 5 +eBVB 5 W 5
_>+W 5E Y%Re; 5 R$:8.M'._NW 5E RW j[780;$ e.7 5 AdC l E8E5 ] >H: 5 ; E >R'e%:G 5 78W<
F
U9 9:;%<:=?>=A@CB
\ ltl
_
d ] lblb K ll
e ] lb%H:l
g ] lb%al
h ]
i
'e;$K+
D 5 ; E E ;$ eKS E e E :8 E >S>T 5 R$:8.M'._NWi78+78 E +e%:US+T 5 ;bg$78 E8E E 7G>RMK78 E C
MKI1 78 5 %I1 4`4 Y%R};$ E *vW 5%E ; e'7iY%R E0E T 5 E +;$+K E Y%R
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o$"
!0/
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z o$"
;$>1+W E +7 .e 5 7U; E C^= 5 > EG5 Vt E :8W 5%E ;$'_+>e; 5 Y%R0RW78e 5 5 RRW +V 5 RRW
eM`;$zM''e9V 5 RRW
G
=
7
V 5 RRW : V6;$>1>W E >70'e 5 78; 5E zeLT 5
+e%:8787Fe 5 78> 5 e9>'W<+e%: 5 ;$RW: 5 +eC
E8E .W}V 5 ;$+W 5E e 5E 78 +78+eLK7`< E8E E 5 e E :Ue%:G E 5 W 5C'A ?A:?5 R
eK; E e 5 78Y%R'1 5
C'A6 ?A?
;X; V 5 R C'A ?A? ;& C
E8E 'W 5 W 5 ;$ E 78H: 5 e 5 'e 5 ;$ E :Gi+ :GRM 5 V 5 A]i 5 e E :G78R ; 5 ;)W 5 ; 5 Y%Ri
Wi 5 7(+;+K# 5E8E 1>M E *v#78> 5 e9>K;C fZ5 7( EGEG5 eT 5 9e+e9 RW7 5 M.>WiY%Re%: 5
RWi+g 7G EGE T 5 78+RM'7b 5 ;+73+7U7 E RP+;$+K E ; 5 R:G7Ug$78 E8E T 5 7G>RMK7NC m +W<78
%
E +7U3 5 e E ';$>78;30Wi 5 7`+;$+K3;0>e%:G7U;0YR(> E 7a 5 WM'RWib+g$7G EGE T 5 7G>RMK7NC
% P
l E8E5 5 e%:GNV 5 7ag$>W)M 5 V E +R'7a 5 W 5%E : 5 +e E C m )+e%:878;b 5E8E R.7aRW
E :G78.e V% E :8 E +7UbK;$>e:8 +; 5 5 W 5 RW V%W< EaE 5%EGE R'7FRW t+e E V%+e%:UT 5
E +7U 5
>=
E
>
+ W<+e%: 5 7GNM'._N; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G M X Q
i i
o `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o/
!0%o
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z o/
F|d ]
Fre oHQJ YYL%; H ^ K = HK ol HJ YQYl } RRSLQ; H ^ K = HKGPHJ YY
Frg
Fh R [G&HK6Z a Z L%= [ ;&: G ^ R
Fri
Frk
Q
\uq
\F
\u\ b/ QQ } y QQ }]r && } { }
\u_ ] QQEll %l +l?l?=l lVl
\d P }
\ue ] %&CEl?sl l l
\ug P m}
\h
XH ;$>+.WiM{V 5 RRWeXHW<+7 55 :8M E >RK; 5 t+MK
p 5 RmFV 5 RzRWeXHW<+7 5 9g;$N'WiM E >RK; 5 5 7$ 5 R-,V 5 RBV'e;V RWeXHW<+7 5
^Wi 5 e E :8e:8i.e%:8+'78}]iRWe W<+7 5
M':G7U
'e78 5bE >RK; 5 5 7 5 R V: 5 ; 5E@E >W)7G^'eKK; 5%E 5 7@RW; H: 5 5 e E :8e%:8 E 9g;$+p
'Wi E eT 5 5 ;$>W 5 W<>S>7^ 5 W /. . 5 R. P C^`Y%RXVe 5 1IW<+e%:GVLM.K+p E i7G>7U<;$
Y%R 5 A2;$+13K;$+e%:8 >7J 5 W 5 : 5 +eWi 5 7J+;+Ki 5%EGEG 1+MXCJ E8E 'W}Vt 5 7(g$>W)M 5 V
1vW 5E M.Re E : 5 >e E * E :878e9 5%E Y%RJ 5 ;+W E +7`78> 5 e9>K; 5%E 5 7` EGE <;$ e'S>T 5
2 ReL; 5 9 5 + E W<+e%: 5 ;3RWi>;$>'z;#>e%:G7U;# 5 WRW ; 5%E : 5 >e E ; eK; 5%E
D
e 5 78Y%R'1 5 C v vV 5 A}78> 5 e9>a EGE J+;+K( 5 W 5 RW: 5 +e<`7 5 ;$R_`RW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :G' 5
V YR]RWi)+M' EGE JI1<;$ e';) 5 W E`E >R'e%:G E 1I7GKI1> E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o,
!0
i i
? Q2H2I
A!J C'A ?A:? 5 W 5
\465 e%:G]>W 5 :8. 5 ; 5 : 5 >e78> 5 e9NK; 5 C 4 ;RW; 5E : 5 +e E ;$ E +7G.: 5%E
C'A6 ?A?b 5
e 5 7UYR.1 5 C v vJ 5 W 5 5 R ]#;$ e'; 5 eLMK E8E
E +eL; 5 RWiz 5 e E :Ue%:Gb'e%:G>.7UC EGE 'WV E R 5 e; 5 YR
KH
; eK; 5 5 W 5 1M 5 7FV +e%:8T 5 5 78> 5 e9N+76RW K;$+e%:G >; 5 7>V 5 A&'7837 5 ;R_+'7
RW 5 v*: 5 D 5 +e}Rv<178KI1+M m :8+W 5 1M 5 7a
? E8E E#5 v*: 5%E#E T 5 +e 1 '; 5E L7U 5 m VF+;1+_Y%R&+M'e>+ E8E .:8,;RWe 5 1 5
: 5 >e)L7UeM. E 7 E 'e%:8:8'>W<+e%:8^+e%:G7U;CZ E +W< 5E 5 W 5 M'.e9L 5 M.ReJ+WY%R
L78>>W 5%E : 5 +e E3E T 5 H$:8+ E 78Y%R E # 5E8E }+W<H:8.7)W<+e E +e E e 5 + E5 ;+787 5E
E .e%:8:GK 5%E C 465 W>M. E V 5 m 5 ;$J'e;$K+7F>WY%RJ 5 e: 5 ; 5 78Y%R'1 5 ;$ >e%:G7U;07GN
5 : 5 +e}Y%RJ1 5 M'< E 78+78 E6E 'e:U:8'> E ;)M'.eR+W}C
3.4 Comentrios
D W3t]+W\]FRWi; E :G78.R'S E ; 5 A#78> 5 e9N+7 5E 5 W)>e%:878 5E ; 5 7 5 7UWia6: 5 W<7
}:8H:8R;$# 5 7G78:U>W 78+MKS>T 5 z>M. E V[Y%R< 5 ;$ E +7NV 5 7+g >W<M 5 V E .W<M' E W<+e%:Gi'e 5 p
7UprM 5%E CF= 5 :83Y%RRW 5 W<+e%:87G 5 eT 5 ]bRW.:G>WM']g$K 5 V 5 R E *vVeT 5 ;$+1 E >7^+e 1 '; 5
78 5 m V@RWi1+_Y%R7UWi:GK+;M.'eRL>W e>W I
E >Y%R+7<_7G+ +7 +e+' 5%E
5 W<+e%:87G 5E C?2e+W 5 ;$+78KV 5 E e0Wi 5 78'b; E M.'eR+e E V%:G] W) E W 5 be 5%EGE V%RW
5 W<+e%:87G 5 5 ;$#L78>>7 >W Y%RM'Y%R>7 5 e: 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWiVP 5 W 5 V 5 7bg$+W<M 5 Ve 5
W<+ 5 ;$RW 5 WieL; 505 R}g$78 E8E T 5
f 7Ui.W<M'+W<>e:U7 E8E < Re 5 eM.K;;$be 5 AdVt'7G>W 5%E R$:8.M''_>7 RWi 5 R$:G7U#+78 :8p
7 'E :GK+0; 5 I1 4`4 Y%R(] 5 5 e++.: 5 ;$J E :8; 5 CZ K;$]>'0]YR( 5 >e 5 e:8787@RWi<+;$+K
Y%R<.e'+'}RW 5 W)>e%:878 5 Vy 5 7g$>W)M 5 RWXQUTGV 5 AQ EGE 5 L>787J+W RW E :8; 5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,oo
!0 q
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z oo
2
e 5 7GWiM; 5 A@C?dMK E eT 5#E T 5 78> 5 e9NK; E 5 W 5 : 5 >e E VW< E V E 'W}V E T 5 M''; E b;$ E >7Gp
:8; E V:G]iY%R E iU9>R J +;+KY%R) NU9 5 5 W<+e%:U78 5 C Re; 5 E8E5 5 e%:8>V 5
A-]J 5 M 5 +; 5 ;$(e 5 1 5 e 50E +Rz E :8; 5 e 5 7GWiMXV 5 e;$ 7GN 5 e9>+ 5%E : 5 >e E E LN +; 5E C
MJ
f 7U0>;3 E :8; 5 Y%R(R$:G'M'._N78W 5%E V$;$>1>W 5%E :G78.R.7aRWe 5 W<C@ E :U; 5 e 5 78WiMH
K>@C?:CQ:D o >=>D? C
; 5 Az:8+WRWe 5 W)a78>; eK; 5 Y%Ra] CNdW 5E V>e:UT 5 VM.:G+7U7 5 e 5%EGEG5 AdVIp
_+>e; 5 5 W Y%RVN 5 U97yRW YQZTGV 5 A#W3R;$kL7U6RW E :U; 5 U9W<; 5
l E8E5 ]( +.: 5 5 W E +R.e%:G;$ eKS+T 5
F
U9 9:;%<:=?>=A@CBu
\ lbR lz > Y Y LQ;?>Q>
_ J K6Z Z?H6G G&HK
d
[
MMJ
>|C?:CD o >X>D? C
= 5 :G&Y%RR$:8.M''_>W 5%E RW e 5 E :8; 5 VZ 5 E Y%R+78+W 5E Y%R 5 'e 5
; 5 5 W<+e%:U78 5,E *v,'e 5 78; 5 &Y%R 5 A EGE 7U 5 E :8; 5
fZ5 78]+W}V$ E8E 3W0R;eLS+<;$ E :8; 5 5 ;$ E +7a >H:U<+WY%RM'Y%R>7`+ E W<>e: 5 V 5 7`g$>W)M 5 V
e<;$ eKS+T 5 ;$RW: 5 >e 5 W 5
K\"]
M^ U
P_M` 7a
U YXQbh=_ U*_b` 7a
6\ $
MMJ dc$ L+VF
=^ EGE }+ EG5 V E 5 A E :G'1>7<e 5 E :U; 5 }>e 5 e:8787)>;$>' E :8]
78> 5 e9NK;0 5 W 5 RW: 5 +e def 5 A E8E 078 5 E :8; 5 ef C
>|C?:CD o >X>D? C2
= 5 > EG5 ; 5 e 5E8EG5 5 W<>e:U78 5 VyM.:8} E t>+ +7 5 YR 5 A;+1<_+>7e 5 E :8; 5
R+78+W 5E Y%Ri:GRL; 5 Y%R 5 73M'K; 5 e EGE # E :8; 5&E *v#v 5 ; 5 5 7U
gT/QYRJ:G+78W<.eL
MJ
t+M 5 AdVL:G]bY%R E *v)>e 5 e:878; 5 RW 5 5 W<+e%:U78 5 b 5 M 5 + 5 A,;$
1 5 MH:U3e 5 E :8; 5 C%jL_>+W 5E EGEG5 5 W}
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o
!0
i i
F
U9 9:;%<:=?>=A@CBEDbs
\ lbRRlz ^ <Y Y LQ;>>
_ Z?H G ZbH6G G&HK
d ^ <Y Y LQ;?>Q>
b9
e ZbH G Z?H6G G&HK}
g
h lb H llb%:l } &
i ] ) }
k
= 5 :G Y%RVe E8E > EG5 VRW eMt;$M''e91 5 M.:8 5 A& 5 E :8; 5J C`Y%Rt1M'
78+7U3;(7G 5 78';;$(7U 5E ;$7 E Y%R E T 5 ;$ e'; 5E e%:8 E CZ EGE 'WV E +;$+K E 5 R
\n
eL>e:878;z 5 ;$>7GKW > E 7 :8e%: 5 5 W 5 78.W<+'7 5 Y%Re: 5 5 W 5E +Re; 5 L;$7UT 5 V
\r
Wi E V$L>M'<7G 5 78';;$V 5 > E W<+e%: 5 ]( +.: 5 5 W 5 78.W<>.7 5 C
f 7U E8EG5 Vk;$+1+W 5E +1 .:870YR 5 AU9>Rz';+e%:G +73RW>7G7 5 C +1+W 5E E p
t> >7#+ E W<+e%: 5%E :UW0L]>W78 E +;+K E Y%R E T 5 .e 1M''; E ;$>1+W 5%E _+>7 5
:G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;$+787 5 ; E *v; 5 78 E8E E +;$+K E C dW 5E V^+e%:UT 5 V^:G+e%:U7}';+e%:G +7
Y%R E`E T 5)5E + E5%E +WY%RJRWii>;$>'0 5 ;$7 5 1 5 >7FRW>7G7 5 M.]+g K 5 C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,oq-
!0
i i
Ou
Z +(F -,"x ) X /.10+Z oq
f 7U`';+e%:G +7 EGE k:8. 5 ;@+787 5 78+W 5E5 + E W<+e%: 5 ;d: 5 ; E E >;$>' E 5 78Wi; E
5 7d+78 :8+78 E Y%R`eLT 5 .eKKWe+e9 RWi(g$78 E8E T 5 ;a> E W<+e%: 5 78(+;$+K E 1M'K; E C
f 7U# EGEG5 V 5 M'9W 5%E E +g$7G EGEG E R E ; E eze 5E8E #;$ e'S>T 5 01+W 5E Y%R 5%E : 5 +e E
m l f@E ; eK; 5%E e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:G E 'eKKW E +W<78J 5 7>
m
RW<<M':878
RW; .: 5 m
RW<i E Lm
>7U:G+78 E E t>+' E 5 W qpsr tvuw
5
<>
+ m
RW E S 5<5 R};$+M''W).:8; 5 7^;M.'e9C
xE
E8E 'W}Vd;$ e.78+W 5%E RWi+g$7G EGE T 5 Y%R+ E 5 W E >;$>' E 'e 1IM.K; E C fZ5 ;$+W 5%E
;$ e'7>V$>e:UT 5 V 5 : 5 +e}YRbU9WiW 5%E & 5 W 5
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G Q X 's
i i
xE 1
{b1
o
f 7U0 E8E5 V;$ e.78+W 5E -eT 5 5 W 5 RW VWi E V E .W}V 5 W 5
RW bCa A+7U; 5 t+M 5 %I1 4`4 .7U:G7U:U7# EGE }:G' 5 ;$: 5 +e
^M']+W ; E8E5 VP7GN E W 5E _+>7( 5 W Y%R 5 A2>W).:8zRWi#W<>e E >W ;)>7G7 5 <Y%R
5 e%:G7 5 M' 5 =H
e W)>7 5 : 5 :8M ;F>7G7 5E M.]+g$' 5E +e 5 e%:G7U; 5E C f 7U^ EGEG5 V 5 I1 4`4 L>7GW<.:G`Y%R
J+;(g$78 E8E T 5 ;$^> E W<+e%: 5 EGEG5 '+W 5E RWLN;S 5 ;^$;$' 5 I1(Y%R`]`g$>+R$:8; 5
+;a1>_dY%R 5 5 7G78ZRW\+ E W<>e: 5 C D +78+W 5E VN+e%:8T 5 VI E >R'e%:Gd;$ eKS+T 5 VNY%R6 5 W<M':U
e 5%EGEG5 Ad
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,o
!<q$"
i i
-,"x X /.10
Ou
Z +(F ) +Z o
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!<q
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
78.W<+'7 5 7 5 + E8E 5 7UY%R.1 5 5 W-;$ e'S>T 5 ; 5 e 5%EGEG5 A+7U 5E 7UYR.1 5E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
"
!<q/
i i
Captulo 4
Anlise Sinttica
=^ E :8<> :GRM 5 5 W<NS+78+W 5%E # E :8R;7 5 5 7US>T 5 b; 5 5 W<'MK; 5 7>VyY%R3] 5 eM..p
E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 CiO\+M'#Y%R+W eM. E 5 7 5 78W< 5 e%:8i)1+78 + E < E :8iL>7:8+e+ 5 R
eT 5 J M'.eR+W;$ E v;C-O\:UW0L]>W E #L7U E ;$+Wi E E E ; 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NV
5 W 5 eM. E E >Wie%:GK+-->78S+T 5 ;$$;$' 5 VkW<N;$'e%:G}- 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;781 5 7G
E .e%:8:GK+C[= E :G> :GRM 5 1>7G>W 5EkEG5 W<+e%:G 5%E E t> : 5E 78+MK+ 5 e; 5E J eLM' E E 'e%:8:GK+
7 5 78KW<+e%:G);$.:8C) 7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$)+787 5E < 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;781 5 7G E 'e:U:8'> E +7UT 5
:G7U:U; 5%E e 5E > :GRM 5E`E +R'e:8 E C
?kg$ E :G>W ;$'1+7 E E :8]>e'> E L7U E z.W<M'+W<+e%:U73RWeM' E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 CdW 5%E
Y%R6e 5E 5 eL+e%:8787e%RW<:G]>+eK+U9Wi;};$;$ E >e;$+e%:8#7GNR7 E .1Cz? E8E }:8]>+e'>
]# E :Ue%:G E 'W<M. E #PLg
1+MXC}O\:8W3t]+W +.>e:8#e 5&E +e%:8'; 5 ;$Y%RRWeM' E ; 5 7
E .e%:8:GK 5 5 e E :87GR ; 5 R E e; 5 E8E ^:G]>+eK+:G+eL;$F E +7[78'; 5 5 eM. E 77 5 7UWi E C l e.p
KM'W<+e%:G3.78+W 5E E :GR;7J 5 WWi E +RK;; 55 Y%R3])eLM' E 3;$ E ++e;$>e%:Gb78>+R7 E '1IC
+ 5 E 1>7G>W 5E 5 W 5 'W<M'+W<+e%:87@RWeLM' E ; 5 7 E 'e%:8:8' 5 ;$ E >e;$>e:8`7GNR7 E .1 5 R:G.p
M'._Ne; 5<5 %I1I 4`4 C
^W H
eM. E ; 5 7Z;$ E ++e;$>e%:Ga7GNR7 E .1 5 R$:8.M'._NJ E8E M.:G'WiJ E :G7U:G]>KCB?@M.`]`U9W<; 5
;$78>+R7 E '1 5 V 5 E i+; E W3 5 M 5 eT 5 :8+78W)'eM;#JA 4 5 7G78 E 5 e;$(RWi) ReS>T 5 5 R
7 5 >;.W<+e%: 5 V 5 R0W<]: 5 ; 5 [78>+R7 E '1IV7G E 5 e E I1+M% 5 7k1+78 +7 E `(+e%:G7U;`G+ E 6 5 W
) E :G78R$:GR78<;YR+M'(eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXC
"
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!<q
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
1+78 +7 E 5 7GIg$'W 5 : 5 >e;z>e%:G7U;z] C m ) 5 7NV;$>1i 5 e%:G'e%RL7 5 W
eM' E C m 0eT 5 5 7NVLRW>7G7 5#E .e%:8:GK 5z5 5 787G>RBV 5 E i+e%:G7U;ieT 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$
J 7 5 ;$RS>T 5 E L>78; m
1+78 +7 E 5 78Ig$.W 5 : 5 +e&] G
XC m 0 5 7>VB;+1< 5 e%:G'e%RL7J 5 W zeM' E C m
eLT 5 5 7>VLRW +787 5#E .e%:U:GK 5i5 5 787G>RBV 5 E i>e:878;<eT 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$ J 7 5 ;$RS>T 5
E t+7U; m
1+78 +7 E 5 7GIg$'W 5 : 5 >e<] 8& : C m eT 5 5 7NV;$>1^ 5 e%:G'e R7@eM' E V 5 E
EGE #L7G:G0;7 5 ;$RS>T 5 ] 5 P 5 eM{C m 3 5 7NVB;$+131+78 >7 E 5 : 5 >e E +R.e%:G0]
RW G
XC
m ) 5 7>VB;$>1< 5 e:8.e R7( 5 W }eLM' E C m <eT 5 5 7>VyRW +787 5E 'e%:8:GK 5
5 5 787G>RBV 5 E )>e:878;0eT 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$ J 7 5 ;RS+T 5 m
E t+7U;
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
/
!<qo
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z /
Oo D H MH:8.W AAMCD [ C
o C'AEHD o C Vo D
17GKI1>M 5 e:8]+W E +W<78 5 5 : 5 +e;+1 5 M.1 K; 5 t+M 5 A
5E )'e%1 5 +7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 v 5%EGE R 5 : 5 >e- 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G< 5
o C'AcB H< V
78.W<>.7 5EG W0 5 M 5 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G6^ E8E deT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM{VNe 5 + EG5 V 5 : 5 +ebY%RF;$+16 5 7G78 E p
J 7
L CZ?
o D
5 e;$>7 MKI1 78` EGE 5 M :8'>b]^Wie:8';b 5 U9LWi7Gp E 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
5 E v 5%EGE R 5 : 5 +eY%R;$>1#> E 73 5 W 5 .e 5 ;7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 ;Y%R+M'
eT 5 :8+78W<.eM{C
E 7UWi:GK+ E Y%R0 5 ;$>W E >7R$:8.M''_>; E e 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;$3RW eM. E ; 5 7^; E +ep
;$>e:8378>+R7 E '1 5#E T 5 U9Wi; E ;$0AA@"N C78.W<+'7 5 A E .e +iM' :(: 5 7G'9%:0.eL;$'>
Y%RJbM'+.:GR7U0;b+e%:878;b] +.:8);0 E YR+7U;7800;$'78+.:8C@ E +Re; 5 A E .e +3M.+ :
M'.eN7J<.eL;$'>}YR E +W<78 5}EG W3 5 M 5 eT 5 :G+78W<.eLMkY%R< E :G'1+7JWi E yJ E YR+7U; E +7U
78> 5 e9NK; 5 78.W<>.7 5 CJ? 5 XH
e W<+7 5 "0.e;'>zY%R 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ; EG W0 5 M 5%E ;0M 5 5 9N;
eN E8E 78 5%E ]i"V 5 R E *vVLY%R E b 5 e9>++e; 5 L>e E RW EG W0 5 M 5 ;<>e%:G7U;<] 5E8E 1>M
;$NK;$.70YR)7 5 ;$RS>T 5 R$:8.M'._N7NC#=}7 5 ;$RS>T 5 .:8; E >7GKW e> EGE 78 5E :G7 I EbEG W0 5 M 5%E
78 E ;$NK;$'7Y%RMy7 5 ;$RS>T 5 R$:G'M.'_>7>C
f 7URg 'M''7 e 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;$)RW eLM' E ; 5 7 ;$ E ++e;+e%:G)7GNR7 E .1 5 VP 5E :GRW<p E
5 e E :G78R.76RWiJ:8L>M'378>;$.:G'1CZ? E8E J:Ut+MKb 5E8E RRWibM''e9bL7U+;eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
;3JA 4 RWib 5 M'ReL7U+;J:G>7GW<'eMXC m `:G'1>7GW 5%Ed5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 :8+78W)'eM
Ve, 5E 'S>T 5 ;+1>W 5E 5 M 5 +7zYRLM]-,7 5 ;RS+T 5 YR-;$>1+W 5%E R$:G'M'._N7 E V
5 :G>e%:878W 5E
Aa
78> 5 e9N+7 Vy>e 5 e%:G7U78W 5%E eL>e:878; 5}EG W3 5 M 5 C fZ5 7(+g$+W<M 5 V E
:G'1>7GW 5%E
S aSAb | bAa
A bAb | c
D +78W<.eL E
= T 5 p{:8+78W)'eM
a b c
S S aSAb S bAa
A A S bAb Sc
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!<q
i i
;.1 K;$+W)p E d E 7 5 ;RS E ; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM +W; 5 EBE Rt 5 ev*Re: 5E B V
; E 7 5 ;$RS E Y%R`eT 5 5%EGE R+W7GNR7 E T 5 J E YR+7U;( {1 , ..., E n }
V;
7 5 ;$RS E 5 W78>R7 E T 5 "J E YR+7U; m {B1 , ..., Bm }
465 W E8E a7 5 >;.W<+e%: 5 V:87 5 +W)p E ` E 78>R7 EG E|J E Y%R+7U; 5 7d7GNR7 EG E|J ;.78+.:8V
Y%R^eT 5bE T 5 7 5 M'+Wi:8'> E 78eM' E ^;$ E ++e;$>e%:G^78>+R7 E '1ICW+g >W<M 5 +M' EGE K 5
;$>M.'W<.eS+T 5 ;$78>+R7 E T 5 J E Y%R+7U;0]7U0)78W<:GK+
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
o
!<qq
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z o
R$:G7 5 W 5 ; 5 ;W 5 ;$ +7iRWi,JA 4 L7U-Y%R} 5E8E E +7<R E ;e RW eM' E ; 5 7
;$ E ++e;$>e%:G78>+R7 E '1 5 ]z_>+e; 5 &: 5 78S+T 5 J E Y%R+7U;-;Y%R>M' E 7 5 ;$RS E ;RW
W< E W 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM^YR: >WRW I 78 g 5 +W 5 W3RW}C O 5 + E5 ; 5 +g >W<M 5 1 E : 5
e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8
m (: 5 7U78W 5%E J E Y%R+7U;V:8+78+W 5E )7 5 ;RS+T 5 Y%RJR E W 5E eiJA 4 ;0M''eR>W
++
X
E `:8+W 5E V +e%:8T 5 ]`7GN E5bE t+76YRL EdE T 55E : 5 +e E Y%R.eKKW E
7 5 ;$RS E ;
B A|
C
7Ui;$>+';.7JY%RM7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 R:G'M.'_>7>C`? EGE E H:8RS>T 5 5 ;$
E 7 5 7>V%RWi)1+_Y%R \
5 ;$>W:UW3t]+W E 'eKK7^ 5 WeT 5 pX:G+78W<.eL E m
E d:8+W 5E V7GN E W 5EBE t+7 E V.C'C'C 5 ;$>W\+7U7+;$+K
1_+KC m ^ EGEG5
B A 15 A ...An+a
e%:G2>++7NV e%:UT 55 : 5 >e :8W3t]+WA;$+1 1 A
E >n
7dR$:G'M'._N; 5 78J;$NK;$'7
Y%RMB7 5 ;$RS+T 5 ; R:G'M.'_>7 'm
E k:8+W 5E VI+e%:8T 5 3;$+1 E >7 5 e E ';+7U; 5 5 W 5 RW: 5 +e
Y%R);$+1
AE + aBb; B
7R:G'M.'_>; 5 78#;>K;$'7t+MKi7 5 ;$RS+T 5 5 :G+e%:U778> 5 e9>>7
C
B
*J;
f 7U)>MKRMK7 5 ;$RW E :87G'eLV;$+1+W 5EaE +R.7^ EFE +R'e:8 E 78+78 E
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!<q
i i
L7U 5 e J ; (a) = {a} m
:8+78W)'eM V
'e'+'M.W<>e:8 J;
*J; J; J;
(B) = {}
78+t:G'W 5E VF7U :8]}Y%R
+eL 5 e%:87G>W 5%E M'RW
(B) =
i
:8MYR
(B)
Ai
eT 5 ;+78.1
(Ai )
m i = 1, 2, ...
L7UaRW E :87G'e V 5 eL;$ E T 5^E W3 5 M 5E :G+78W<.eL EB5 ReLT 5 :G>7GW<'e E V
5%E
= A1 A2 ...An Ai
_+>W
J;E!
b
J;E z1
J;E& .)
J;E TX
J;E(@ QK
J;EE @6"sD/ G
J;E%4KB!D&1KsD/
c
J;E p
J;E 1@D42 G
XV
c{V p
J;E&D6" GT VEQK
J; G
XV
c{V p
(term)
J; 0 z V.)
`
J;
(expression )
(expression) G
XV
XV p
m *v RWeT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM;78Wi:GK+ 52E >R EG W0 5 M 5 'eKKMXC 5 ev*Re: 5
J =@Ee ]a 5 7GWi; 5 t+M 5E :G+78W<.eL E J:UMLY%R V 5 R E *vVg$ E :8`RWiJ 5 78Wi
J
(B)
E +e%:G>eKM`;$>7G'1I1+Ma-7G:G'7i; 5EG W3 5 M 5
S Ba
'eKKMa+WY%R 78>+'W)N;$K:8W<+e%:G
;$'7G>H:U<;$ C
'W< 5 7:Ue+'; 5 nJ X@Ee 5 ;eT 5&E >7b:UT 5 'e%:GR.:G'1& 5 W 5 ; 5 nJ; VW< E3E
:G'1>7GW 5%E RW EG W0 5 M 5 eLT 5 :8+78W)'eM Y%R- 5%EGE R RWi7 5 ;$RS+T 5 ; 5 :8. 5 V
V`+e%:8T 5 ].W< 5 7G:8e%:8YR E .LW 5E Y%R E#E T 55%E#E W3 5 M 5E ;$ J =B@E
e
C
V J X@Ee
5%
E : 5 Wi7NVP 5 7 +g >W<M 5 V 5 E R 5 7Y%R
(B)
dW :8+78W)'eM C l E8E5E 'e >
a (B)
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
%q-
!<q
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z %q
Y%Re 5 eLM' E ; 5 73;$ E ++e;$>e%:G#78>+R7 E '1 5 VZ 5 g$>+R$:87GW 5E35 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G
V6.78+W 5%E 5 e E RW<'7iRW ++7G: 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;}: 5 +e E V E } E8E E : 5 >e E + E 7G>W 5 W
;$ e'S>T 5 ;$ e>e:878;C fZ5 78]+W E B V6 E8E5,E .e +
V@ 5 ;$>W 5%E :G>7iRW
: 5 +e,;+e%:G7U;V
5 ;$7GN+7Je+e%:G7U; E +7U
Y%R#eT 5 5 e E RW)'e; 5 e+e9 RW
+ E ; 5 +W M.RW 5 e%: 5 VL EJ5 78> 5 e9>'W<+e%: 5 e RM 5 J; C fZ5 7:Ue%: 5 V E ie 5 'e 5
; 5 7GN 5 e9>+.W<+e%: 5 ;$ :G'1>7GW 5E RW e#>e:878;Vt;$+1+W 5E E >R'7 7 5 ;RS+T 5 Y%R
z
_ 5 WY%R
J; V>e%:8T 55 5 7G78+7UiRW 7 5 M.>Wie}JA 4 Vy 5 E 5 W 5 W) E W 5 B:G>
;+78.1z&>;$>'1I_+KC m z:G'1+78W 5E35 R$:878&7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 5 W 5
A
7GW<'eM
a (A)
5E ;$R E 7 5 ;RS E <M.K+7>C
:G>W
f 7U)>MKRMK7 5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5E GJ X@be}78 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E ;#JA 4 V;$>1>W 5%E
J =@Ee V
(expression)
J =@Ee V
(expression0 )
J =@Ee x0V pUV V
(term)
J =@Ee x0V pUV VL
(term0 )
J =@Ee VL VLx0V pUV
(f actor) V
^Wi1+_+MKRM'; 5E5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5E mJ; J X@beVy 5 ;$+W 5E Vk+e%:UT 5 Vk 5 e E :G78R'73
:8L>M'&78>;$.:G'1&;JA 4 C f 78 E8E5 VZ1IW 5E +gW<.eL70 E 7 5 ;$RS E ;M'.eR+W
:G>e%:87^; E 5 7G'7a+WY%RJ 5E 'S E 5 M 5 >prM' E e0:Ut+MKCd +1>W 5E _>+7N
;;7 5 ;$RLS+T 5
B
V 5 e;
V678: 5 ; 5 :G>7GW<'eM n
J X@Ee
(B)
V
;+1>W 5E 5 M 5 >7a E8E 07 5 ;$RS+T 5 eL< 5%E KS+T 5 ;0:8L>M'C
(B, a)
m +R'e; 5 EGE E 7G>7U E VL 5 e E :G78R W 5%E Vt+e%:UT 5 VPi:Ut+MK#78>;H:8.1#L7UzJA 4 ;$3+g p
78 E8E E V;;<e<:Ut+MK<C'"Ca :8L>M'<7GN;$H:8.1i 5 ;$ E +7^R E ;VM.]>W;<1+78 +S>T 5
;07UWi:8'>V 780 5 e E :87GR'7 5 m C f 7Ub'W<M'+W<+e%:87 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 ;$JRWeT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXV
5 ;+W 5E5 M'97[^:Ut+MK^F;$:8+78W)'e778+;`:G>7GW<'eM%1M''; 5 Y%R E[E T 5 E[E NY =kI+e+' E
;$3S E <: 5 Wi7NV 5 W 5 V 5 7 g$+W<M 5 VP 5 e E RW)'7^RW:8+78W)'eM 5 R'e 1 5 +7 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E
;$ 5 R$:G7 5E eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eL E C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!0
i i
D +78W<.e E
= T 5 :G>7GW<'e E K;$+e%: 5 e E :Ue%: x0V p VL
g$78 E8E 5 e " " "
g$78 E8E 5 e / /
:8+78W
:G>7GWp o
: 5 7 q
5 W RWi78W<:GK+-e n =jFV@ 5 E VF 5 W 5 1 .W 5E V 5 +MKRM 5 ; 5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5%E *J;
J =@Ee 5 e E K;$+7UW L>e E 7 5 ;$RS E e 5 78Wi E V E >W 5E<5 L>78; 5 78 E ; n =jFCd=^ EGE
5 e%: 5 +e%:G7UW 5%E 7 5 7UWi E 5 W 5)5 %I1 4`4 V Y%RV$ E N; 5 e);$ e'S>T 5 ;3M''eR>W
+W n = jFV>78: 5 ; 5%E5%E W<]: 5 ; 5%E 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 E 5%E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E F1+78 + 5%EGEG 1+ E
7 5 M'+Wi E V$I1 E eL; 5 5 .W<M'+W<+e%:U; 5 7 5%E 5 e%: 5E ;078Wi:GK+)Y%R 5Ea5 7G''e7UW}C
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G cX D
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z
=^>W E +W<78^Y%R+78+W 5E 1+7@Y%R E@E T 5 E S E : 5 Wi; E L>M 5 m C?@W+7UMXV E :8W 5%E
Wi E 'e%:G+78 E8E ; 5%E +W E L>7 E 3g$ E :G3RW +787 5iE .e%:8:GK 5 0YRLM]3 E8E >7G7 5 C^I1 4`4
.6 &'
%
t+78W).:G6YR 5 W<>+e E W 5 ;$@;+R7US>T 5 ; 5 m E *v`;$ E .M'.:8; 5 +W :G+W< 5 ;$d+g$>RLS+T 5 C
E8E .W}VPe 5E8EG5 5 W<.MK; 5 7 >H:U 5 W 5 7UW<+:G7 5 ;$)+e%:G7U; 5 PS+T 5 LC m
E8E 5 tS>T 5 5 7Z 5 78e>+';Y%ReL; 5 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'M'; 5 7[]ag$>+R$:8; 5 V>e%:8T 5 E 'e$ 5 78WiS E
y>MA
;$;$>R7US+T 5&E +7UT 5 W 5%E :878; E C m } E8E 5 PS+T 5 eT 5 ]}R$:8.M'._N;Vd+e%:UT 55 m W 5E :G7U
t+eL EZE `+g$ E :Ga`Y%RM$] 5 +787 5JE .e%:8:GK 5 C f 7U( E8E5 VM.:G>78W 5%E :8W0L]>W 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
q
!0%
i i
q `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
N@A6cD/N/ A'>
Y%R0:G+e%:UW _>+7 5 > E W<+e%: 5 ;#>e%:G7U;z 5 W 5%E 78 E t> :8.1 5E eT 5 p{:8+78W<.e E CJ E8E 'W}V
3U9LWi;3; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 '7U:G>e%:87F78> 5 e9N+76eb>e%:G7U;RW<)+;$+K
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
q "
!0/
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z q "
Y%R<+ E < 5 W z;$ E 78KS+T 5 ;;z E >R'7(e 5 78Y%R'1 5 C v v(7U 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM M9:!0C
nN@A6cD W)]+: 5 ; 5>M A
? E8E i] 5EG W0 5 M 5 'eKKMd;}78W<:GK+C)>e:878;R$:G'M'._N;]#}Y%Ri E :8e 5 78Y%R'1 5
EGE ; 5 5 W 5 7UW<+:G7 5 eL78'S+T 5 ; 5,5 $v*+: 5 V6e 5 .e 5 ; 5
M''e9 E /)%oC
^Wi; E 1Ie%:8+e E ; 5 m >78; 5 t+M 5 %I1I 4`4 ])Y%R 5 7GN 5 e9>+.W<+e%: 5 eT 5 7G+p
E E >7 +.: 5 e> EGE 78KW<+e%:Gi}7:8.70;$M'RW eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMk E t> H 5 C}^WiU9p
Wi;Y%RM'Y%R>7W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R- 5 787G E 5 eL;,RWeLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM .7U:8+e%:87z78> 5 e9+p
N@A6cDD /N D
>7 EGE &eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM^eL+e%:878;C fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 V E :G'1] E8E +W 5E +.: 5 U9Wi;,
V 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'M'; 5 7('7GKz 5 e E RW<'7 5%E : 5 +e E ;>e:878;z7 5 +R$p
7Ue; 5 78> 5 e9N+7aRWi<+g 7G EGE T 5 t+e E V$JeT 5 RW7 5 78W<C
U9W<; NA6cD/N/ A'> E :U;+e%:G7 5 ;$RW 5 Wie; 5 SXd 5 78Y%R E R
c:AcD% o D&NO?
g$NRS>T 5,5 R;$-M.RW 5 R$:G7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G 5 R$:G7 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM^ 5 ;$
MKeS>7)RWi-+g>S>T 5 ; 5 :8. 5 C l E8E5 5 e%:GNYRLe; 55 m ;$:8> :U
e,>e%:G7U;,M.RW>7G7 5,E 'e%:8:GK 5 C fZ5 7#g$+W<M 5 V 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G 5 eT 5 p
:G>7GW<'eM V
k E t+7U<+eL 5 e%:8787`ei+e%:878; 5 : 5 >e
L C 4 E5 EGE W<]: 5 ; 5E v
'e%1 5 +; 5 ieT 5 +e 5 e%:G78):8Md: 5 +ee}+e%:878;VB>e%:8T 5 >M.iMKeS>RWi}gNS+T 5 C 465 W 5
,>MA
e>e9 RWW<]: 5 ; 5 5 7878 E 5 e;$+e%:8 5%E eT 5 p{:8+78W<.e E :G7U:U) E8E 0gNS+T 5 V +MK E J7 5
>MAQ VZRWi-W)>e
:8] 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R37G'W<+'7 5 U9W 5 RRW ;$ E8E E W<]+: 5 ; 5E Vte 5 + E5i5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Ca= 5
W<]: 5 ; 5 E >W7G+ +78+e%:G 5 >7G7 5 ]+W<H:8';&-eM' E ; 5 7 5 7UWi
;$>1^:8+78W<.e7>CZ=T 5 90 5 W 5 5 e:8.e R760eM. E V 5 E ] 'W< 5%EGEG 1+ML7G E :UR7U7 5 E :8; 5
; 5 m e 5 W 5 W<>e: 5 Y%R 5 +787 5 5 ;:GN :U; 5 CF EGE .W}VP 5 >e 5 e:8787`RW+787 5#E .e%:U:GK 5 V
<g$NRS>T 5 ; 5 e 5E8EG5 5 W<'M'; 5 7 E 'W)M. E W<+e%:8J:G+78W<.eLC@= 5 + :8RM 5 o)1+78+W 5E 5 W 5
5 ;+W 5E .W<M'+W<+e%:U7 5 Y%R E U9W<;78>RL>78S+T 5 ;^+787 5%E V%Y%Rt+78W<H:8 Y%R 5 m
5 e%:G'e%R E R)g$NRS>T 5 W) E W 5 Y%RRW+787 5<E 'e%:8:GK 5<E v<+e 5 e%:G7U; 5 C
k*vW 5%E Vy>e%:8T 5 VB 5 W 5 ;$ e'7 5%E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E Y%R)'78T 5 5 W< 5 7 5 e 5%EGEG5 m CB>1>W 5%E
;$ e'7)>;eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM6;e 5%EGE }7UWi:GK+}W<>;$Ke%:8RWi&;>MK7US>T 5 Y%R]zRWi
W< E :GR78<;$b+ ;. 5 %I13b;$J7 5 ;$RS E e n =jFC 4 ;0RW<<;$ EGE E ;>MK7US E :G+W
E +R.e%:G( 5 7GWi
? E8E 0;$>+M'78S+T 5 'e'+'p E 5 W RW :G' 5 V Y%R] 5 :8. 5 78: 5 78e; 5 t+M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 7G78 E p
C'A6
5 e;$>e%:Ga^ E8E @eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMXC fZ5 ; E +7ZYRLMKYR+7:G' 5 + E8E 1>M;$+e%:87 5 ; +M' EGE @; 5 m V
e 5 e 5E8EG5 + E5 V%)MK E8E C + 5 E 1>W 5 e 5 W<(; 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM[ ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R
E +7U#78'; 5 ` 5E 78W)+:G7 5E 5 7GWi E ;$ E8E 0W<]: 5 ; 5 C ?@W E >RK;Vt1 >W I RW 0RWi
E E8E T 5 ;$$;$' 5 I1 5 M 5 >;}>e:87GzU9I1 E VZY%R 5 7G78 E 5 e;$ JE ;$NMK7US E M 5 > E
;$ EGE iW<]: 5 ; 5 C E 178'I1+ E ;>MK7U; E 5 ;+7UT 5E >7bR$:8.M'._N; E ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 C
I
?;$> 5 E 1 +W E 7 5 ;$RS E ;$ EGE eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMye n = j6Ct\78.eL'MB'e+RW3 +e+'; 5 I
%I1I 4`4 ]J:878e E 5 7GWi7` E8E E 7 5 ;$RLS E >W+ ;. 5 I1VY%R3.7U0:G+e%:U7^78> 5 e9N>7`e
+e%:878;RW< E >Y=kI>eKz;<: 5 +e E Y%Ri+ E >W 5 W E8E };$ E +7GKS+T 5 C0k*vW 5%E VB>e%:8T 5 V 5
EG W0 5 M 5 'e'+'MB;)e 5E8E 0M''eR>WV$Y%R] 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM c9!}
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
q
!0
i i
q `a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G ' @ X 7
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z q/
F a ZbH =YXn JO Y Z LTp; Z&[ LQYQ=^^ [G L%YyE{ 9:K%;%N <::;U=?>^T=S9/=QBu:6 ^ G v6L G n K6Z ; H
\ K ::M=L G L%=YYylULQYQ=^Q^ [G LQYl%{
_ K L%; ^ > ; y%6{
d L%; H ^ J > G K ; jG&H yUQ{
e ^U L H J yy G K jG&H`Q` DQ{ yE{ {
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
qI,
!0
i i
fZ5 78]+W}VL #HMH:8.Wi#M''e9#;<W<>e E >We 5%E ;iRW<#.e;'>S+T 5 ;$3 5 W 5 78 EG5 M'1+7a EGE
7 5 M'+WiV E +W:8+7^Y%RM.:G>7876e 5E8E 37UWi:8'>Cd I1 4`4 eT 5 5 e E >RJ;$NK;$.7`Y%RM
+W<.e9 5}E +R'7 5 M'9e; 5 L>e E RW EG W0 5 M 5 ;}>e%:G7U;VB 5 E +M'i 5 ;$ E +7 5 W< E W 5
78 (
5 R !"
$' &
C@s E :8M'1>_V$R$:8.M''_>eL; 5 W< E M.Re EaEG W0 5 M 5%E ;)+e%:G7U;V
E *v<+_;$(: 5 Wi7^<;$>+ E T 5 CZdW 5E 1+78 >7a E 5 e E :G78RS E Y%R E :UT 5 P
+W 5 e H: 5
126 'eKKp E # 5 W 5 :G' 5 ;}17GKI1>MdYRi 5 ;$ E +7bRW c{VRW
= 5 RRW
K;$>e:8 +; 5 7NC#> 5 E :8+WRW K;$>e:8 +; 5 7NVY%Ri] 5 e 5 W<#;$iRW<178KI1+MXVBV
;+ 5 E V6 5 ;$z:G>7)RW 78 5 MKU9:8 5 RRWi-1 78RMKV 5 RRW 5 e%: 5 pX+pX1 7GRMKVZ
;+t+e;$>e; 5 ;$ EGE (:G>78++'7 5<E W3 5 M 5 V$ 5 ;$J:G>7^RW >U9< 5 M'U9:GV 5 RRWK;$>e:8 p
>; 5 7>V 5 R 5) W;)7 5 ;RS+T 5 V$78 E LN :G'1W<+e%:8 m
6Dy34M@@6 J.e'+'p E @ 5 W 5 :G' 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V;$> 5 E 5 ;$ 5 ReT 5 :G>7RWi E >Y =kI>eK
;F7G@@ NU9 5 MKU9:8 E V;$+ 5 E V>:8+W\RW\K;$>e:8 +; 5 7Y%RF] 5 e 5 W<F; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
V;$> 5 E V 5 5 7G 5 ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 VLYR I
E 'e'+'< 5 WRW78J7 +e%:8 E E C
E8E 'W}VL7U E t+7 E J>e%:G7U;J 5 7G78 E 5 e;$ 5 R)eLT 5 JRW &
V%78> E W 5EZ5 M.97
:G7I E6E W3 5 M 5E 7U( 78+e%:G +W1>_;$L>e E RW}C m 5 7G'W<+'7 5bEG W0 5 M 5 5 7@RW c{V%RW
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
qo
!0 q
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z qo
M f ;$>1 E >70R:G'M.'_>; 5E +W<78e%RW 5 e: 5 ;};> E T 5 ; 5 m Cd^M']+W ; E8E5 V
E8E 3+W)'e9 5 E )M'RW ;$>M. E eT 5 + E 7>VRW >W<'e9 5 MH:8+78e:8.1 5 ]b: 5 Wi; 5 C^ E8E 'W}V
5
;$>1+W 5%EE +7[W3R.: 5 R';; 5EG5E 5 E :G'RMK78W 5E5 1M 5 7Z; 5 @ f V 5 E[E 5 eXH W<+7 5
M f ;$ E M''
;$ E W3 5 M 5E E :G'RMK; 5%E 5 7W<>e 5 7ZY%R 5 e>+ E8E 7G 5 VN 5 ;+W 5E :G>7>e:878; E + E ; E 5 W
7 5 ;$RS E .eL;$NYRL; E V^e+e9%RW I1 E5 ; 5 I1 4`4 V 5 E@5 R E5 ; 5 @
)1>7G +S+T 5 ;$b 5 e7 P .: 5%E eY%R>M.J 5 e%: 5 C
fZ5 7^+g >W<M 5 V E ei7 5 ;$RS>T 5 e%:G>7G 5 7a:8.1] E8E >W 5E R$:8.M'._N; 5 RW@ M f y&5 R
W< E W 5 RW @ M f V(:G'1] E8E +W 5E e<>e:878;) E +R'e:8+;+K
8 pt
I1 4`4 5E8E RLRWi 5 PS+T 5 M 5 MtY%R] yM f c V YR ;$+:G+78W<.eLbY%R ;$Rp
7Ue%:G`: 5 ;30eM. E 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$: 5 +e E 5 e E RM.:8; 5E L7Ub;$>+';.7 E5 78Y%R7 5 ;$RS>T 5
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G ' X
i i
M.K+7@](.RMP C@1M 5 7GpXL;$7UT 5 ])"V%(Y%Re: 5 Wi 5 7@ 5 7F E8E (1M 5 7NVWi E .e +.>e:8
M f
E +7U 5 m CZ E8E 'W}VZ7GN 5 W<>e;p E )R:G'M.'_>7 5 1M 5 7#"z 5 W 5 M 5 5 9N;M 5 LMd#R:G'M.'_>7
5 Wie; 5%E e 5E 5 e%: 5%E YRJ 5 78+WeN EGE 78 5%E C
E 78Ig$.W 5E eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e EkE T 5E 'W<M. E W<>e:8`.W<M'+W<>e:US>T 5 ; 5 Y%RZvJ 5 ;$ E 78.: 5
e)e 5%EGE 378Wi:GK+0eT 5 ;$>1>W78+78 E +e%:8767 5 M.>Wi378 5 M'+.: 5 7NC
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G '' X
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z qq
rF i Z a6^ K = K yE{
Frk ] a;%:6^ K = K yE{
\uq
\F ]
\u\ & } ^ K = K Y Z ^ K y{ % }
\u_ ]
\d
}A & &&6& }
\ue ]
\ug & %&6& }
\h
E 5 W<e; 5%E ;)M.'eRL>W E T 5 7GN 5 e9>+'; 5%E L>M 5%E eT 5 p{:8+78W)'e EaE +R.e%:G E
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G ' X s
i i
u_ k
dq
dF
d\ 6&}S
#Q9QQ/yEDQ}S{ G v%n6:&G ^^ Z^ ; H= yE{ > 9QyQ{ } ^ K = KG > G&HK yE{
d_ } K KG G&HK
dud
de
dg
dh p; Z&[ a ;%:6^ K = K yE{
di
dk
euq
eF
eu\ & }S 9QQ } = Kv%n: :ZbO ^^K^ = K; yE{ yE
{ && %%&&&&}
eu_ G= K : ZbOG ^ K =Z K H yE{
m 9Q } }
ed ^ K = KG > G&HK yE{
eue
eug
eh p; Z&[ ^ K = K Y Z ^ K y{
eui
euk
guq
gF ^ K = KG > GUHK yE{-^ K = K Y Z ^ K yE{
gu\
gu_
gd p; Z&[ Y%p=Y JG yE{
gue
gug
gh
gui
guk b } y
v&n: ^^ ; yE{ Q
Q
hq 6% U}SG G 9%Z H =Q :Q<Y ^ yE{ }] 9%
hF { }S } } Z K }%
h\
h_
hrd p; Z&[ =Y;L G v%n: G ^Q^ Z ; H y{
he
hg
huh
hi
hk } y 6
#QCy { UQ 9Q =Q:<Y ^ yE{ 9Q
iuq y b }] %Q U }}A]( UQ } } { Z K }]
iF y Q
}AG v%n: G ^^ Z ; H yE{
} {Uf
iu\ {
iu_
id
eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 1L89 G
2 5%EGE RdRW 5 Wie; 5 @M f
+Rv}R$:8.M'._NS>T 5}5
@M f
M'+.: 5 76 5 ;$+.M'W<+e%:G^K;$>e:8 +7NCZ^W + E5 ;$. +78+e%:8 5 5 7G78ae 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMB XC m
eT 5 R$:8.M''_>78W 5E65 5 WieL; 5 E t> >; 5 eY%R>M.(eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMXV 5 $:G>7G>W 5%E
E >R'e%:G;1+7G: >eK) 5 I 7 5 + E8E 7 5 78Y%R'1 5 C v v
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
q
!0"
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z q
b ^ X
b gX
^^ }
_7h7i_
gg }
? E8E z+;+Ki 5 ;$Vy;$0 5 7U; 5 5 W;$ eKS+T 5 ;$
!#
3 E >W @ f V
5
E +7).e%:G>7G7G+:8;& 5 W 5 RW 5 Wie; 5 QWi E +g :G+78e 5 YRzeT 5
}
5E8E Ra-7:8
Y%Rb:8+W'e%:G+78e 5 #+M'3RW 5 R$:87 5 5 WieL; 5 UCJ? E8E ) 5 W<e; 5 .e%:G>7Ge 5 5%EGE RXVPe#7:8
=%$
VRW<&:G78'RKS+T 5 + zR0V[e7:8
+VZRWi 5 R$:878:G78.R'S>T 5 + z
0C R$:G7U.e%:8+787G+:8S+T 5 ]iRW 5 Wie; 5 g :G>7Ge 5 Y%R<:8+W RW 5 Wie; 5 'e%:G>7Ge 5 e 5
7UW 5 1>78;;$>.7 5 RW 5 W<e; 5 ;(:G78.R'S>T 5 +mz0ze07:8l
C6 5 Wie; 5
'e:8+78e 5 5%EGE RBL>e E RWi<:87G'RKS+T 5 ;+e%:G7 5 ;$+M'V E +W:G+7 0L7G:G5+ C
f 7U^:8+e%:87k7G E5 M.1+7[ E8E a 5 e7P.: 5 V 5 ;$>7 W 5E :8+e%:87ZRW<+e%:87 5 eX H W<>7 5 ;$a: 5 >e E
R$:8.M'._N; 5%E 5 W 5 M 5 5 9>;yC fZ5 78]+W}V E8E5#E W 5E :G7U78')'e= H :G'M{CI1 4`4 eT 5 5 e E +R
;$NK;$.7dY%R^>W<'e9 5 : 5 W<7dY%Re; 5(5 78Ig$.W 5 : 5 +e0 5 7@RW
V 5 E eT 5E t E `;$+1
5 e E RW<.7 5bEG W3 5 M 5
;$+e%:87 5 ; 5 5 WieL; 5 5 R)RM'7k: 5 ;JL7G:Gn
; 5 5 Wie; 5
> E 73}>e:878; 5 W E :G78R$:GR7UY%R# E :UWi E g :8+78e 5
!#c{ Cs& E EGE
E :G78R$:8R78J] 7878'JL7G:Gn
;^RW 5 R$:87 5
d Wi E +g :G+78e 5 C[ EGE .W}V E ^:G+e%:U78W 5%E
RW)>e%:87 5 eX H W<>7 5 ;$0M 5 5 9>; E Vt.78+W 5%E > E 7 EGE E(EG W0 5 M 5%EE +W<78) 5 W E ;$R E
5 e E :G78RS E Y%Ra E :8T 5 >W 5 e7 P .: 5 e(1+7U;;$V(W) E Wi( 5 e E :87GRLS+T 5 5 R0 5 We>e9 RWi
;$>M' E C l E8E5<E 'e >3Y%R);$>+ E T 5<E >7800;(R:G'M.'_>7 E +W<78J07 5 ;$RS>T 5 ; 5
F Wi E
'e:8+78e 5 V$ 5 Ea5 @ f .eL;$R_b) E8EG5 C
j>M.'_+W<+e%:8V$ E8E ^] 5 5 W) 5 7G:8W<+e%: 5 Y%R(;$ E *vW 5E Ck R E vV 5
( E :87U E +W<78
E8EG5 +'; 5 5 W 5 -e:8+78 5 7^#>M.3Y%R3 E :G'1+7 Wi E 78Ig$.W 5 C`= 5 g$+W<M 5 VL:G>7 W 5%E
E H:8RS>T 5 W 5E :G7U;e R7U}C'"Cs E g :G>7GeW<+e%:GV:8+W 5E U9Wi; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G 5
!#c{V$Y%RV 5 1+78 +7 5 : 5 +ez 5 787G>e%:GeL0>;$>');$(+e%:G7U;V
U9W< 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5
!"
XC,? E :GV6 5 7 E R-1>_Vd 5 e EG5 W< 5%E : 5 +e E Q p V@;+ 5 E
U9W<89UGV 5 78: 5 78e7;YR+MKU9LWi;V 5 e EG5 W< t Cz?dW E +RK;V[U9Wi
78>R7 E .1W)>e%:G 5
))
!#c{V@Y%RVd 5 7 E RL&1+_V6U9Wi;$ze 5 1 5&5
))
!#c{C? EGE
E +Re;U9Wi;- 5 e EG5 W< p VFU9Wi89U G
5 e EG5 W< t C 4 9W<V6>e%:8T 5 V
))
!#c<Y%RV 5 M'9eL; 55 M 5 5 I9>;yV`U9Wi* G
){ C\ 5 78: 5 7GeL7#; 5 * G
)i
; 5
))
!"
X V 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5
))
!"
( 1>7G > 5 : 5 +e 5 7878+e%:GVti 5 W 5 ]<RW
+ VB+M'
5 e EG5 W<d E8E k: 5 +ez 5 R E vV;$>+';.Rb 5 7[eT 5 RMK7[^7:8*>M E @;7 5 ;RS+T 5 PFU9Wi
))
!#c 78J E +Re;J:87G'RKS+T 5 C? EGE `] 5 5 W< 5 7:UW<+e%: 5 ;$ E v; 5 C[= 5 :8V>e%:8T 5 V
Y%R 5 5 Wie; 5 @ M f |E >7G1)L7U 5 78S>7 5 m 5 e E RW<'7 5
;$>e%:G7 5 ; 5
W<]: 5 ; 5
!#
X C
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G s X
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
statement
ifstatement
consome: if (
expression
consome: a == 0
consome: )
statement
ifstatement
consome: if (
expression
consome: b == 0
consome: )
statement
atribstat
consome: a = a + 1
consome: ;
consome: else
statement
atribstat
consome: b = b + 1
consome: ;
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
"
!0/
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z "
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
!0
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
`&h=^iXi
b[7S^g
b[7Sf
7P
`Y%R 5 ;$+78'<9LI1+7`RW 5 e .: 5 V 5 E i;$NMK7US>T 5 ;$b178'I1+ E YRb.e'+'#i+M' EGE
5 ;+78' E +7<: 5 Wi; 5 W RWi,;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$17GKI1> E)5 RQ 5 W 5 RW<,;>MK7US>T 5 ;$
W<]: 5 ; 5 V E t+eL E<5E ; 5 E 78.W<+'7 5E : 5 +e E 5E8E >W 5 e E K;$>78; 5E 7U;$>+';.7#Y%RM
7 5 ;$RS+T 5 R$:G'M'._N7NC M. 5E +W<+M'9e%:8 5 5 787G 5 W ;$>+M'78S+T 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 !0C\s E
i i
i i
i i
^`g= X~ = W 7W ~ X ~X U XT^&_ X X
i i
Ou
Z +(F #x) X
*0L^[+Z /
I E
.6
%
5 m 5 ^+7U; 5 5 W RW M 5 5 9N;;$}:G7 : 5 >e E e E8E z 5 e%: 5 V 5 Y%R E5 M.RL 5 e 5
7P
5 e .: 5 CdW 5%E g$NR$:U7 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7kR$:G'M.'_>e; 5 5 tS>T 5 78( EGE
7 5 78W<C E ; 5 $:8';0] E +R.e%:8
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
,
!0
i i
@M f V
k*vbY%R E ;(W 5E :G7UJY%R EdE T 55E W<]+: 5 ; 5E U9Wi; 5E Y%R EdE T 5J5%E : 5 +e E 5 e$p
E RW<'; 5%E +W +;JRW;+M' E CZs 5E :G7UV:UW3t]+W}V%YRLe; 5 +g$ E :G`RW 5 W<e; 5
f
Y%R EFE T 5b5E : 5 +e E 1 E .:8; 5E eL31+78 >S>T 5 ; 5E M 5%5 9N; E CO 5 > EG5 ; 5 5 WieL; 5
ep
:G E ;$,
de 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
L
C=#7G'W<+'78):8+e%:8:G'1Vt E8E b 5 Wie; 5 @
:G>7GW<'e 5 W Ig$.: 5 ;$>+';p E } 5 7<:G>e%:87#eM' E 7<>e:878;- 5 7iW)> 5 ;RW
.
Cd%0e 5<E +Re; 5 + E5 V +W3 5 7U3:G7I EaE W3 5 M 5E :8+e9W E '; 5 1 E .:8; 5E V 5 :8+7U>.7 5 eLT 5
+ E 5 W 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMK &
FV 5 73 E8E5 V 5 + E W)>e%: 5 ]<:G+e%:U; 5 5 W 78Ig$.Wi
5E8E ''M.K;;VY%RJ]#!"
%$
C
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
o
!0 q
i i
Captulo 5
Tratamento de Erros
Sintticos
5 W<'M'; 5 7bY%R<:8+W 5E :G]# 5 7U;$ E +W<t+e9 E 'W)M. E :878;<:G+e%:U778> 5 p
e9N>7dRWib+;$+Kb;$ 5 78; 5 5 W RWi7UWi:GK+(I1 E 7 5 R E R7G 5 + E5 E8E5 eT 5bE v
5E8E 1>M{C m <+;$+K;3+e%:878;#eT 5E 0>eY%R;$7Ui>We+e9 RWi7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 ;#78Wip
:GK+V$e 5E8EG5 m W 5E :G7U0+WY%RJ 5 e%: 5 ;0+e%:878;3eLT 5 5 y 5E8E 1>Mt_+>7 5 > E W<+e%: 5 V
+e%:UT 5 V:G>7GW<'e E Rg$NRS>T 5 C?dW>78M{V E8E J'e;$K+S+T 5bE +781`L7UbY%R 5 R E R7G 5 5%EGE
K;$+e%:G >7 5 +787 5<E .e%:8:GK 5<5 5 7G78'; 5 V 5 7878..7`)+e%:G7U;3beM' E prMKbe 5 1W<>e:8C
l e$ +M''_+W<+e%:GV 5 %I1 4`4 eT 55 +78>+ 5 ; E +e 1 5 M.1>; 5 70W0RH: 5E 78>+R7 EG5E 78Y%R
E *v}'W)M.>W)>e%:8;RWi78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$#>7G7 5E '+e%:8C& W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R#R:G'M.'_>7G>W 5%E
bY%Rb E :8R;78+W 5%E Y%RB]b 5 e9NK; 5 5 W 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 ;$37G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 505 R}W<]: 5 ; 5 ; 5
e' 5 C[k+78+W 5E 'eKKM'W<+e%:GY%RM 5 5 e>H: 5 ;$ E8E `W)]+: 5 ; 5 V+e%:UT 5 V%;$ E +R$:G'7G>W 5EkE R
'W)M.>W)>e%:8S>T 5 R$:G'M'._Ne; 5i5 %I1 4`4 C
o
i i
i i
i i
=L OzQX ss%RQR %zQX sCs n=Q< G X
i i
S aAcd
A gh
2 R+78+W 5%E eM' E 7[ +e%:G7U; l'&& C D +7 W 5E e 5 e 5E8EG5 m ;$ E ++e;$>e%:Ga7GNR7 E .1 5
K;$]>' ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$F78 E8E 'e7 5 e._NS+T 5 ]d_>+7[ 5 W\Y%R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 n; eT 5(E v :8; 5
5 7k E8E F>7G7 5JE 'e%:8:8' 5 ^YR` 5%EGE 5 e%:G'e R7dJeM' E 7k(+e%:878;C f[5 7G]>W}V E 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
E 'W<M. E W<>e:8b+W<.:G'7 RW<W<+e E +W ;$3>7G7 5 378: 5 78e7^g$>+RS+T 5 7U 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
;
Y%R 5 U9LW 5 RBVRW 5 R$:87 5 >7G7 5bE 'e%:8:GK 5 '78 5 5 7G78+7NV 5 Ed5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 E L>78Y%R;+ 5 E
;0U9Wi; g$ E :83e>e:878; 5 : 5 +e oV 5 Y%ReLT 5b5 5 7G78V1 E : 5 YR 'e;:G+W 5%E
e)+e%:878;0i>;$>' p C
fZ5 7^ EGEG5i5 W<]: 5 ; 5 VL 5 ;$:8>:87RW>7G7 5iE 'e%:8:GK 5 VL;$+17G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>7F<>e:878;
5 W 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM[YR E 3 E t+7U#78> 5 e9N>7>CJ^Wi:G+e%:U:G'1;$ E 3_++7( EGEG5 ]< 5 e$p
E RW<.e; 5 : 5 +e E ;+e%:G7U;i:G]3Y%R)7GNS+iM.RWY%R3 5%EGE ..M'H:80# 5 e%:G'e RK;;$0;
o
eLM' E C s E YRL E#E >7GKW E8E E : 5 >e E W< 5 ,';]+K E >7GKR$:G'M'._N7 5 5 ev*Re: 5
J =@Ee; Cy E8E 'W}V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$>1< 5 e E RW)'7 : 5 +e E ;z+e%:G7U;#:8])Y%R<7GNS+
}J X@Ee#
RW E W3 5 M 5 t+7G:G+eL+e%:8 5bE +R# 5 ev*Re%: 5 E b;+ 5 E 78: 5 7GeL7kg$NRS>T 5 7U
; C?@W ; V:GR; 50E EGE 5 W 50E (bg$NRS>T 5 ;$ :8.1 E8E E K; 5 t+W)p E R+>;$K;(3eM' E
5 e%:G'e%RLVZ 5 W>7:8+_N;$zY%RVt+M 5 W<+e 5%E V 5 7GIg$'W 5 : 5 >e;}+e%:878;}.7U> E 7
5 W7 5 ;$RS>T 5E +e; 5 R:G'M.'_>;C 465 W E8E E W 5 ; >S E V 5 m ; E +eL;$+e%:G`78>+R7 E '1 5
>78')M' 5 5 W 5<5 $;$' 5 W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi0o$C'"
i i
i i
i i
}
$ &
%q-
!0
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+`` %q
\F ZbHK = K6Z Lb::;%:y?lE H L%; HK := [ ;-lfSL J :; j6G&H B K %n G y{Sf
\u\ l G ^bn G := [ ; =l%{
\u_
\d
p; Z&[ C yE{
\ue
\ug
\h K :QMa yL :; B &n ``u<{
\ui Z J jG&H K G
\uk = H =Y G vyE{
_uq
_F Z a= yL J=:QY vC; j6yEG&{H B K %n G `` N E{
_u\ H G
_u_ G Y^ G Z?HK = K6Z LU::;&:Cy?lE H LQ; HK := [ ;-lfMl L J :^bn; j6:G&= H ;B K %n G l%{f
_d G G [ N
_ue Y^
_ug G G = LU::;%:Cy?lE LQ; = ;-lfML :; B %n y{tf
_h ZbHK KZ H HK [ l JG ^bn G j6:=G&H[ ;K <G l%{
_ui
_uk
L%= L yu&v6L n ; {
dq K N G K6Z HmG
dF %6^ KG >B G :Q:/B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^Q=Q< G yE{{
d\ LQ; H ^ J > G JQHK6Z Yy 2L E{
d_
dud
de
dg
p; Z&[ ZbHK = K6Z LU:Q:;%:Cy K : ZbH <z^{
dh
di
dk K%N :;& H6G A&vL G n K6Z ; H y^{
euq
eF
p; Z&[ LQ; H ^ J > G JHK6Z Yy Z?HK
K {
eu\
eu_
NZ Y G yL J :; jG&H B K &n G u` K {
ed = H =Y G vCyE{
eue
eug
; ?A? o
S ;6 :o D&NO? o >D ?: C
=^ EGE e 5E8E 'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ]i78 E 5 e E I1+M[ 5 7M'eS+7
RWi+g$+>S>T 5 ; 5 :8. 5 CW<]: 5 ; 5 5 e EG5 W<#>e:878;
:8]^Y%R`RW;:G>7GW<'e; 5 : 5 +e E v(+e 5 e%:G7U; 5 C? 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 R$:G'M'._NJRWi 5 e E :87GRS>T 5
SXd W`^&S`Q
o >D ?: C
7U&:G+e%:U7<7GN 5 e9>++7<7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 5E +ReT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
VP>W > EG5 ;$0+787 5 V'78#U9LWi7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R3_0#7G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5
;$ E v;C
s E 5 ;+W 5E _+>7z.e;RW 5 R 5 W<+M'9 5 7; 5 Y%R- E8E5 CdW 5%E : 5 Wi7z 5 W 5
g$>W)M 5 E >R'e%:GJ7UWi:GK+
S aAcd | bAef
A gh
=^ EGE 3+ E5 V J XEe 0 5 ;$>W 5E R:G'M.'_>7 E8E E ; 5 E : 5 +e E 78<+ :GRL7
#78 E8E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 C fZ5 7G]>WV E 3 E :G'1>7GW
(A) = {c, e} 5%E R$:G'M'._Ne; 5 #78'W)>.7Ui7 5 ;$RS>T 5 ;$ ; VL;$ E +p
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G X DbsQs
i i
v78+W 5%E R$:G'M'._N7 5 #L7U}_>+707GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$#>7G7 5E V[eT 55 + C&? E # E :8.1+78W 5%E
R$:8.M'._Ne; 5 E >ReL;J7 5 ;RS+T 5 ; ; V;$ E *v7G>W 5E R$:8.M'._N7 5 ^78(_+>7@J7GNRt+7US>T 5
;$<+787 5E Vy)eLT 55 +C l EGEG5 5 78Y%R E _>+78W 5E 7G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 5 W 5 : 5 >e->7G7U; 5 V
; C E8E 'W}V% 5 ;$+W 5%E M.:G+7U7 5 e 5E8E5 m V$t+78W<H:8.eL; 5
RWe 5 1 5 >7G7 50E 'e:U:8' 50E R7G.7Ub>W
Y%RJ)>;)U9W<;3; E *v)'e$ 5 78Wi; 5 V% 5 7aW<+ 5 ;$JRW78W)+:G7 5 V Y%RMP] 5 : 5 +e
;$ E .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 E >7FR:G'M.'_>; 5 Ck? E8E )MH:8+7US>T 5 ]W 5%E :878;3e 5 7 5 7UWi0oC
i i
i i
i i
$%&
-,
!">
"
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+``
? E8E zg$+W<M 5-E .W<M' E 78 E +e%:U 5 5 e>H: 5 E K 5 ;:G]NeK+&;$78>+RL>78S+T 5 ;$
+787 5E YR '7G>W 5E R$:G'M'._N7` 5 W 5 %I1 4`4 C$sR.: 5%E 5 e%: 5E ;$+1+W.e; E +7` 5 7U;; 5E
7 5 R7U78+W 'I
5E _ prM 5 E >R'7NV Y%Re; 5 ;$ E +R$:G'78+W 5E )'W)M.>W)>e%:8S>T 5 ;)7GNRt+7US>T 5
;$>7G7 5EFE 'e%:8:GK 5E L7U 5 m ;<M''eR>W ++ C
X
i i
i i
i i
$%&
-
,
!">
%
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
:A6cD& :o D&N?
465 W 5 1 .W 5%E e 5 + :8RM 5 e%:8+78 5 7>VyRW +787 5E .e%:U:GK 5 _# 5 W Y%RiRW<+g$+>S>T 5 ; 5
:G' 5 E vMKeLS+;C EGE 'WVRWeT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 W\:G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;$a+787 5E
> E +W<>M.9e%:G
]\cba '
SXd
Q
`^&Sc`Q ^&di_
`_T7S:b\[_
WXWSXd^&S^f:_[7S\a7__&dXd\
m 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM 5E8E RU9Wi;,7U 5 R$:G7 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXV`eT 5 9W3R;eS+C
fZ5 78]+W ]3'W< 5 7:Ue%:G)e 5 :87(Y%R 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eMWi E .e%:G>7Ge 5 5 ; 5 ReT 5 :G7U:U7 E +R E
7878 5E +787 5%E C m eT 5 :878:87>V$RW+787 5)5 5 7G78'; 5 eiU9Wi;0.e%:8+78e)](7 5 %; 5 5 7
X
W<+ 5 ;<+g$+>S>T 5 :8] 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R +_0#U9Wi;VY%R3 5 ;$_+>7 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 5 W
:A6D% :o DNO?
z7G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 C fZ5 7J+g >W<M 5 VB E +R.7(:8+W 5E(5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 YR)U9Wi VyYR)eLT 5
_ 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;$>7G7 5E J 5 ;$V 5 7a E8E5 V$M'eS+76RW< VY%RJ]J+e%:UT 5
:G7U:U;0+W C
]\cba '
SXd
' Q
`^&Sc`Q ^&di_
`_T7S:b\[_
WXWSXd^&S^f:_[7S\a7__&dXd\ia7_ \a7_
k+78 +78+W 5%E V`>e:UT 5 V 5 W 5 .W<M'+W<>e:U778>RL>78S+T 5 ;$&>7G7 5E +W e 5E8EG5 m C
.6 &'
%
b_( 5 W
l eKKW 5E 5 WJ'eM'R E T 5 ;$RWie 5 1 5 PS+T 5 YR^ 5 ;$ E >7@R$:8.M'._N;Jt+M 5 R E R7G 5 7U
;$>R7U76b7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$>7G7 5E C[? EGE 5 tS>T 5 Y%R 5 m +W<H:U
>A
W<+e E +e E ;$ 5 W 5 E :8 E +eL; 5 7 5 + E8E ;}78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$z+787 5%E V[Y%Re; 5 E :8 5 7
M.K+;C 465 W E8E5 V[ E NS+T 5 'eKKM6; 5 e 5E8EG5 eM' E ; 5 7NVY%R#'e+M.R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V
;$>1 E >7^M.:G>78;0 5 W 5 W 5%E :878; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi)o$C /C
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GS D X DbsQ@
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+`` "
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GSAX Dbs%
i i
`a`a(BZ)*`ad*<a
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GS @ X Dbs
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+`` /
Frqg %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H yl % H LU:; HZ V ZbH <
GQK lft<{
Frqh
Frqui
Frquk Z a-yu<A`` HJ YY6{ K%N :;& G RRA^ G ;ALQ; HUJHK ;S HJ YQY(n:;bn6=Q<=A= G v6L G ;
FuFrq
FuFuF K ; j Y `P< yAG%K ; j6;%GUamH {yDQ{RRARRo^ n G <=;AKL ; j6<G&H; L%=;%:;P: G&a H>KG ;P=Q: p;
FuFr\ NZ G G GTH6 N6G J Z [ I%JZ
FuFr_ ay(</BLQ; HK = ZbH ^y K ; j B jZbH[ {S{oRRQ=L N ; JAJ > K ; j6G&HSH ;SLQ; HUJQHK ;
FuF|d Z
FuFre
FuFrg Z a%y ^ [G&>OJ Bu<; %: G B|nLQ:;&p G :Y { y?l ; ^& L&:; V < ; lf
FuFh KG JK ZbHK H > y ; B JQH[ {Q{H HZ ZbH K jG&H
FuFri Z K j jZbH[
FuFrk O:G=j
Fr\uq ay <%: LQ;&p :{
Fr\F Z [G&%O6J^ >G B; G B|n: Y yl &< ;&: < ; lf >y ; B {{
Fr\u\ < GQK G v K K; j6G G&H yJ{K Z?HK H RRXn G <=TnH:x%v ZbZ >H ; KK ; j6j6G&G&HH Z K j jZ?H[
Fr\u_
Fr\d K a; j y `P; < GQB K ; j6G&H``XyDQ6{% (</BL%; = ^y6&{
{oRRPa > = := =
Fr\ue Z K ;%jaAj` ZbH[: HK Z?H Z [ GUHK [
Fr\ug G K J6G
Fr\h % ^ >Bu; B|n: Y y B< ^Q^%=Q< yE{Q{
Fr\ui LQ; K9G =Q:^ JK ::;%:ZbHfKf H GRR GQKQL&G: > G = W%> :; ::;^
Fr\uk HK G ZbH G G&HK H G [GSG
Fr_uq Z a-y G ;%a
{ K%N :;& H6G t9=Q:6^ G 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H y?lE%ma; JH[ n: G >= K%J : G Y%/Bl&{
Fr_F
Fr_u\ R RPYQ= <Q
Fr_u_ H
Fr_d 9Q6U 6&Q/yYQ= <{
Fr_ue H
M.>H: 5 7[ 5 ;$6e 5 :U7[YRVM']+W\;.eLM'R E T 5 ;e 5 1 5 PS+T 5 V;$'1+7 E Ey5 R$:G7U E M.:G+7US E
5 7UW'e%:G7 5 ;R_+K; E C?dMK E<E +7UT 5 g$M''>; EJ W<>;$K;YRz 5 7GW 5%E E :8R;eL; 5 -e 5 1
'W)M.>W)>e%:8S>T 5 ; 5 m C
fZ5 ;+W 5E _>+70&7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$z+787 5%E ; 5%E eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E _>+e; 5 5 W YRz+;
RW 5 e9>S>VB78.e 5 VY%RMk] 5E +R 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 { 5 W 5 e 5 78'W)>.7 5
g$>W)M 5 ; E >S>T 5 o$C'"N 5 R 5 ;$+W 5E EGE 76 E8E E 5 ev*Re: 5E 5 W 5 78W)+:G7 5E E +Re; 5
P
g$>W)M 5 C fZ5 7a 5 e E K;$+7UprMKJW< E +g 1>M{V%R$:8.M'._N78+W 5E E +Re;3 5 7U;+W e 5 e 5%EGEG5
5 W<.MK; 5 7NCk\7G'W<+'7 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMy; 5 e 5%EGEG5 m ]JW 5%E :878; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi0oC
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GS X DbsQ
i i
.
VP 5 7G:8e: 5 V E )M'RWii+g$+>S>T 5 5 77 5 ;<L>M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
1>7GW 5%E RW L E }M. E :8;$+M' EGE E V 5 +$;$. 5 ;$+e%:87 5 ; 5 `^&S`Q E >78}+g NR$:U; 5 C
o >DM?:C
l W< 5 7:Ue%:G EGE +$;$. 5 ]JI1V%eLT 5 7 5 ;$RS E eL n =jFC$= 5 + E5 V_++W 5%E U9W<;
C'A
5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R( 5 B.eLM'R ; 5 eL E >S>T 5 .e'+'MB; 5 7UYR.1 5 C v vaV$ 5 7:Ue%: 5 V
'eM'R ; 5 5 W 5 RWW<]+: 5 ; 5 ;3MK E8E C? E8E ^W<]: 5 ; 5 ]W 5%E :878; 5 e 5 7 5 78WiJoC /C
dW 5E eM' E pXM 5 5 7`L7G:G E C l eKKM'W)>e%:G(:G>W 5%E`E >R E 78W)+:G7 5E V$YR E T 5
MD o :D=<7;cD7?
D o :D&< C'A6
7UW<+:G7 5 ] 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e._NS+T 5 E >7BR$:8.M'._N; 5 CMK E8E
Y%R0 5 d;$ eK;};$+e%:G7 5 ; 5 L 5 :G Vt]0'W< 5 7:U;ze 5 .e + 5 ;MK E8E C
'W)M.>W)>e%:8aRW 5 ev*Re%: 5 >W Y%R@>;F+M'+W<>e: 5 ]kRW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :8. 5 V
Y%Ra7G>78 E +
e%:8RW:8. 5 ;$F: 5
+e | K 5 R
V+:8>C@ E[E +R E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E 78+7G E >e$p
:8W E(5 t+7US E e 5 78Wi E EG5 780 5 ev*Re: 5E 5 W 5 I
ReKT 5 VyL>7:8.e +e+';$<RW+M'+W<>e: 5
:UC
i i
i i
i i
$%&
-%o
!">
q
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+`` o
\u_
RRPa=%VA= ; ; ^SL%; ;^
\d
n JO Y Z LT G JLQH;&pZ%G :[ GQGPKt[ JHZ Z ; H yH GUJL%H;%pK G : GQK ^{
\ue
\ug
G LQ;&p G : GQKMK ` HJ YY
\h
\ui a-y^-u` HJ YY6{RRA^ G ^T`` HQJ YYP: G%K ;%: H = HJ YY
\uk Z
_uq
_F K Bu`= yrGYYLQ;%yp^G{: G%K { K%NZ ^BLQY; H6G yE{
_u\ K [Q[
_u_ : : RRT: ;%: = > :6L :;MLQ; ;^ > ^ : :
_d G%K%J HMK GQK H J KG GZ HbJHK G [G K JZ HG&HNJ >
_ue
_ug
n JO Y Z LT G LQ;&p G : GQK : G >;&p G y ZbHKAH {XRRP: GQK6Z := J > G Y G > G&HK ; [ ;ALQ; HbJHK ;
_h
_ui G LQ;%p G :Q GQKAK `y G L%;%p G : GQK { K%NZ ^BLQY; H6G yE{
_uk
dq K: Br: G >: ;%p G y H6G HKGR<RPG :: y H ;%{:{ = > ;%p;ALQ; ;^ > > ;^ Y > ;^
dF G%K%J HMK G%K H J H HbJHK G J [ G G G&HK
d\
d_ RRAL&: =M^ : < ^L&: p ;M;^ ; ^ n : L >=;ALQ; HUJHK ;
dud n JO Y Z LSZ K K: Z?HZbH< K [;G K : ZbHG <G&yEH{ [ K j6G&H I%J6G G KG&H G
de
dg := ;%: ` ^B := ;%:yE{
dh KK :G Z?H K<
^T`Z&K lQl K%NZ Z&KG K
di
dk ZbHKPj
euq NZ Y G y ZUK B N =^b G v K y{A{
eF
eu\
eu_ j^P`-f`AyQY%y= HK</G < B G >:{ y Z&{TK fmB H6G ltv K ly {{B ZbHK =Y JG yE{
ed H Z j
eue : : ^
eug G%K%J H
eh
eui
euk
o >DMQ ?: C : AcDK
:o D&NO?
E +Re; 5 78W<:G7 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ]&RW 5 $v*: 5 ; 5 :G' 5
U.
:G>7GW<'eM['e'+'M[;#e 5%EGE <7UWi:8'>V:G+W 5%E5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ; E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 5 78Wi; 5 5 7
RW HeK 5 : 5 >eBVY%R] 5 @V 5 :G>78++'7 5 78W<:G7 5 ] 5 1 'W)>e%:GJRW E :G78'ei 5 W 5
e 5 W); 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM T7d\Xd^f C
i i
i i
i i
$%&
-,
!">
i i
?dW E +R';V1+78 >p E E 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e._NS+T 5 ] @CXC C m b 5 7>VL E8EG5 .eL;$'>
Y%RaYR+WU9W 5 R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$ EGE 6eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM%eT 5 ;$ E v Y%RF E :GFS> 7GNRt+7US>T 5
P:A6cD& J o D&NO?
; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 M.>H: 5 7Z'78 7G>7U7ZY%RVM']+W;$ V>M.a 5 ;$
:8W3t]+W M'eS+7(RW<}+g>S>T 5 ; 5 :G' 5 C l EGEG5 .7U 5 5 787G>7YRLe; 5 V
5 :G>e%:87#U97)RW : 5 +e2; 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 U9+%7i 5- eM
;+e%:878;C<=^ EGE i+ EG5 Vye+e9 RWi}78>RL>78S+T 5 Wi E ]) 5E8EG 1+Mk< E8E zg+>S+T 5 eLT 5 ]
>MA
:G7U:U;} 5 70e+e9%RW; 5E W<]+: 5 ; 5E 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 E 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E ;7UWi:8'>V
:A6cD& J o D&NO?
Y%RVe 5 VeLT 5 :G>W 5%E Wi Ek5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;`RWi V> 5 W 5 eJ1>7 E T 5
e%:8+78 5 7@; 5 e 5E8E5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NVWi E V E 'W}V%;RWi f 7 5 78W<boC /V
M'.e9L)%oC
D
+ E5 E8E 5 PS+T 5 E :8*v09'M'H:U;C f 7U eM''_>7NV 3W<+e E +W 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G( 5 >7G7 5
XH
J
E .e%:8:GK 5 ]0+W<H:8';i 5 e W<>7 5 ;$0+787 5%E V.e+7G>W<+e%:8; 5 C`17GKI1>M 5 e%:87 5 M' E 5
3A6cD% J :o D&NO?
W; 5 7UYR.1 5 v0 5 :G'e'; 5 C 4 EG5 78W<:G'1 5 b+ EG5)5 : 5 +e eT 5 S+)7:8; 5
5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 V%+e%:8T 5 <+g$+>S>T 5 ]MKeS>;C
5 M.:8e; 5 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM |9!)Vk1>W 5%E Y%R#+g E :G;$NMK7US>T 5 ;178KI1+M
3:A6cD% J :o D&N?
Y%Ra]`R$:G'M'._N;J 5 W 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 L7U EGE aeT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM%F:UW3t]+W7U
<U9Wi;0
L
XCdk+W 5E V'e;VY%Rb)gNS+T 5 5 B'eM'R ;
^e%:G E ;$&7 5E8E +R.78W 5E W 5E :G7U78+W 5E RWLNY%R+e 5 g$+W<M 5 ;- 5 W 5 E8E -eT 5 p
U.
:G>7GW<'eM E 78>RL>780;$RW >7G7 53E .e%:U:GK 5 C[= 31+7U;;Ve E8E (+ EG5 eT 5 5 ;$+W 5E ;$'_+>7
g:8W<>e:8)Y%R<>M. E )78>+Rt+78C 465 W 5E +R 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 ])RW @V 5
Y%R>M.#_]Vd 5 >e 5 e%:G7U7RW >7G7 5 VZ 5 e E RW)'7b:8R; 5 :G] 5 eM6; 5 7UY%R.1 5 CdW 5%E
R$:8.M'._N7 5iE +R.e%:GJ7 5 78Wi
`&h=^iXiS_iS
S _ SS&Q^&Sb=i[\&S^ `&h=^iXi
`&h=^iXiS_iS ~
5%E 7G'W<+'78+M' EGE
b
78> 5 e9>K; 5 W 5
o C
AEHD o C o C'ACQ? C fZ5 78]+W}V$ 5 +eL 5 e%:8787 5 K;$+e%:G >; 5 7 8XV 5
5 eM' E 78W 5E EGE #7 5 78Wi:G+78+W
.
m ;$>+';$ eT 5
Y%R;$+1+78'<U97FRW @C 465 W 5 E :8eT 5 ]+eL 5 e%:878; 5 V$+78 :8+78._Np E ^RW+787 5)E .ep
:8:GK 5 378>+RL>78S+T 5 ] 5E :80+WS+T 5 C 465 W 5 ;$H: 5 V$ EGE b78>+RL>78S+T 5 ] E 'W<M. E W<>e:8
EGE 7b 5 7)'Wi&;$: 5 ; 5E35E ;$+Wi E : 5 +e E Vk:8] 5 W ; 5 7UY%R.1 5 C}? E8E 5 W) 5 7G:8p
i i
i i
i i
$%&
- q
!">
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+`` %q
.6
%
L
W<+e%: 5 ]W 5E :G7U; 5 5 +g$>R:878W 5E e 5E8E5 5 W<'M'; 5 70 5 W EGE 7 5 78Wiz 5 tS>T 5
\eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM O
L
aeT 5 W0R;)W3R.: 5 >W78+MKS+T 5 5 ; eK; 5 e:8+78 5 7GW<>e:8
F p ; &Z [ LQYQ=^^%Y Z ^ K yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9= =Q:6^ BuG 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aS`t :6^ BL%YQ=^^QY ^ B ; y<{
_ G G GQK Z K Z K JQHZ H
d
e LQY%=^^ LQYyua{LQYQ=^^%Y ^ y<{
g [G Z K
h
L
B E8E e;
J;
?dM'(U9Wi 5 5 5 W 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5(5 5 ev*Re%: 5 V Y%R
78>>L>Rb 5 W 5 L7UW<:87 5 V+@Wi E : 5 ; 5EB5E :8+78W<.e E Y%Rd E :8T 5 e 5 C l E8E5
(classlist)
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GS X DD?s
i i
5 7UYR);$> 5 E ; 5
L
&
a 5 ;$>W 5E :G>7RW
L
5 RBV+e%:8T 5 V 5 eMd;}M'K+S>T 5
;$ EGE }7 5 ;RS+T 5 C=^ EGE HM.:G'W 5 + E5 V 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e._NS+T 5 ;$+1 E >7 5 W< E W 5
; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM 5 7G78+e%:GC m H:8RS>T 53E +W<+M'9e:8 5 5 7G78`e3U9LWi;b7U ,
L
{C m +R
5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e._NS+T 5 ].RMa 5 ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 5 787G>e%:GC l E8E5E 3v*R E :G +Vd 5 E<E
5 5 7G78+7bRW +787 5 ;+e%:G7 5 ;-U9Wi;Wi E 'e%:G>7GeV 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM@Y%Rz 5 aU9W<; 5
;$>1+7Ui7 5 R7U7RW :G>7GW<'eM[YR0eT 5 E :8z;$ e'; 5 e7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 5 7878+e%:GVWi E V E 'W}V
e RWi)7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 ; 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMyY%R( +_b<U9W<;C
J/? o C
AC? C? E8E 5 ev*Re%: 5 5
D o D=< v ? ]^RWib+M' EGE `Y%R^ 5E8E Rt;$'1+7 E E
`:8.M'._NW 5E e E8E eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM 5 5 ev*Re%: 5
; 5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5
J ; Y%RbR E 78+W 5%E 7Ui
;$ eK; 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 5 :G C+M' EGE
178'I1+ E E :8:GK+ E YRb7G>78 E +e%:8WM'Re E
78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$6>7G7 5E C= 5 7 5 78Wio$Cq VW 5E :G7UW 5%E .W<M'+W<+e%:US+T 5 ; E8E MK E8E C?dMK
L
Y%R@R$:G'M.'_> /J ? o C'ACQ? C
E .W<M' E W<+e%:GF;$ e@ E8E E 5 ev*Re: 5E Y%R@ 5 ;$+W}V+e%:UT 5 V E +7[R$:G'M.'_>; 5E L>M 5 m 5 7W<+ 5
; 5 e 5 W<6;MK E8E d6;^178KI1+MXV> 5 W 5^5 W<]+: 5 ; 5
i i
i i
i i
=L OQT ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GSMX DDQD
i i
Ou
Z +(F nx}Z^^L@)`1@^`} *)^[+``
nJ ;
E .e%:8:GK 5%E Vy 5 W 5 1>7G>W 5E E +R.7NCb 5 78: 5 78e7(;Y%R>M'U9Wi;V 5 m '78z1>7G >7
E 5 : 5 >e 5 787G>e%:Gi E :8 5 R,eT 5 e 5 Cz?@W> EG5 78Wi:8.1 5 V EGE #eT 5 p
(classlis)
:G>7GW<'eM E +7U^U9Wi; 5 6eT 5 ;$+1d:8W3t]+W\+7U7Be>e9 RWi+g>S>T 5 CB?dW+ E5 e+%:G'1 5 V
5 W<]: 5 ; 5E .W<M' E W<+e%:Gb78: 5 78e 5 5 e%:G7 5 M'7U<Y%R+M'3Y%R 5 U9W 5 RC6?dWW3 5E^5%E
+ E5%E V$++7G:8W<>e:8JeT 5<5 5 7G78>7G7 5)E 'e:U:8' 5 C
5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 1
L
F 5 @MH:8+7U; 5 78z_>+7J:878:8W<>e: 5 ;$i+787 5E .e%:U:GK 5 V
5 W 5 W 5%E :878 5 7 5 7UWi0oC C
F p ; &Z [ LQYQ=^^ [G LQYyr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9==Q:6^ BuG 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H
\
_
d :M
e K & U Q UQ L%YQ=^^ ; Cyu<{
g }w } }A }t O [
h L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
i K N G G K6Z HzG
k L%; H ^ J > G HK6Z Yyu<C G lbLQYQ=^^ [G LQYl&{
Frq
FuF
Fr\
f 7U# E8E 3eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMXVeT 5 9W3R.: 55 Y%R) 5 W<>e:U7NC(= 5 > EG5 ;$)+787 5 V 5 :G7U:8p
W<+e%: 5 ]< >H: 5 e 5 78WiM'W)>e%:Gi 5 W 5 v1 E : 5 iU9Wi; L -R$:G'M.'_> 5 W< E W 5
5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 V6 5 E V` 5 7z E :U7#e 5 eM ;,7 5 ;$RS>T 5 V 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E
E t+7U; 5%E L E E8E )U9W<; E T 5 +g:8W<+e%:G 5E W< E W 5E ; 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMy 5 787G>e:8C
QeT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM o C
AcB H< ]FRW 5 RL 5 W< E >M' 5 78; 5 VI+W:G+78W 5E ;$F7GNRt+7US>T 5
;$>7G7 5E CkvW 5Ea5 7 5 78Wi0o$C C
F p ; &Z [ LQYQ=^^ O ; [ Cyr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9= =Q:6^ BG 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yQ%{
_ G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yU %U6&{
d a@t `tH GZ :6^ K G B > GQK%NG ; [[GGQKLQYB JH Z ; H yuaDQ{
e aS`t Z :6^ K BLQ; H ^ K : J L K[G LQYB JQHZ ; H ya@{
g
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Dbss X DD
i i
FVt(methoddecl)
;$>10_>+7J7G:G<; 5 5 ev*Re%: 5
L78>>7>C E8E 'W}V 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ; E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 ]`Re'T 5 ;$l 5 W J/ ? 6o ? o b?
;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 V E8E .W 5 W 5 5 E RWi#;$ eKS+T 5 ;$3W<]: 5 ; 5 5 ; 5 ReLT 5
F p ; Z&[ p=Q: [G LQYy G LQ;%p G :Q GQK <{ K%N :9;&:;%^T<:9=?>=%:6=^ G 6BE&DbQs v6L G n K6Z ; H
\
_
d :M
e K y U
g }] %Q6U }] U } {
h y b } y U
y }AQ
Q
} { Q
{ {
i }A } }A }
k L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
Frq K N G G K6Z HzG
FuF LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lp=Q: L%Yl%{
Fr\ H J G HK6Z G [G
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DbsD X DD?@
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"N
"
Fr_
F|d
f 7U (
) &
P!#
$' & HV E HeK+ E U9W<; E E :8T 5 e 50 eMP; E 7 5 ;$RS E
Vy 5 7G:8e%: 5 V EG5 W<>e:8 5%E 5 ev*Re: 5E ;$ E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 Y%R0 5 7UW78>++K; 5%E 5 W 5 78p
W<:87 5%E e E8E E ; 5 E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E(E T 5 R$:8.M'._N; 5%E e E U9Wi; E CO 'e:8+78 E8E e%:G3e 5 :87
Y%RL7Ub7UWi:GK+Y%R E :UW 5E R$:G'M'._Ne; 5 eT 50E >7GKeN E8E 78 5 Y%R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
.
_+ EGE 078>+Rt+7US+T 5 ;$)+787 5%E C l E8E5 5 e%:G>+3 5 7UY%R3 EGE 3W<]: 5 ; 5 ]<U9W<; 5
t+eL E ;$>e:87 5 ;,L Vte RW 5 e%: 5 ;3;$>+ E T 5 V 5 R E *vVLYRg$.b 5 e E RMH:U) 5 M 5 p
5 9>;#78);$>+';.7Gp E E
*
) &;+1 E +7^U9Wi; 5)5 R E 5 R$:G7 5 +W<'e9 5 ;$+1
*Z81
E +7`: 5 Wi; 5 C` E8E 'W}V E 3<g$>+RS+T 5 MK+eS 5 R EGE W<]: 5 ; 5 ]b 5 7UYR 5 : 5 +e 5 787G>e:8]
RW JC>e%:G7 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V EGE a: 5 >e)] 5 e E RW<K; 5 V%M 5 5 +W E +R';V
RWi#U9Wi;)] >H:U# p!"
%$ ' VyYRbeT 5 7 5 %0>7G7 5E`E 'e:U:8' 5E C6 E8E .W}VP;$+e%:G7 5
;$
Vye>e9 RW +787 5zE .e%:8:GK 5 7GN E E +7 :G7U:8; 5 C fZ5 7 5 R$:G7 5 MK; 5 VyWie%:G>7
07GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$(+787 5E eT 5 :878M'9>We;bJL>7GW<.:GY%R 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM E v3R:G.p
M'._N; 5 ;$<Wie>.7UzW< E PLg 1+MXV 5 7+g >W<M 5E +e; 5 U9LWi; 5 ;$'7G+:8W)>e%:Gi;$ 5 R$:87 5%E
5 e%: 5%E ; 5 e 5E8E5 7 5 78W<V%Y%ReLT 5iE v 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM O
L
' C
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM @!"
$' &' i] W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWiboC.""C f[5%EGE Ry;$R E U9Wi; E
,eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E C 78.W<+'7U,] >H:U 9!Hz&R$:8.M''_> 5 I
>U9,L7 +e%:G E & 5 W 5
E .e+7 5 e'_>; 5 7NCy?- E >Re;VY%R@1+W\e 5 eM$;7 5 ;RS+T 5 VIR$:G'M'._N 5 7G78 5 L7UW<:87 5
5 W 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 C
F p ; Z&[ > GQK%N ; [%O ; [ y G LQ;&p G : GQK <{ 9K%:N ;%:<;&:6=?>^X=9=Q:6BE^ DG D 6%Qv6L G n KZ ; H
\ LQ;&p : aS` t L%;%p : yQ9Q{
_ G G GQK H6G G G GQK
d
e :M
g K 9QQ n6=Q:=?>Y ^ yua{ 9% ^ = > yu<{
h } Z K } K KG GUHK
i L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
k K N G G K6Z HzG
Frq LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l> ; ; l&{
FuF H J G HK6Z G GQK%N [&O [
Fr\
Fr_
eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM &9!HkeLT 5 W3R;VJeT 5E >7kL>M'('eM'R E T 5 ; 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;$`>7G7 5
7 5 7UWi0oC."I C
F p ; Z&[ n6=Q:=b>Y Z ^ K yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9==Q:6^ BEG D 6 %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\
_
d :M
e K
g y U }] &QU }] UQ } { U } y
}A
} {
h
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Dbs MX DD
i i
F p ; &Z [ ^ K = KG > G&HK yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9= =Q:6^ BEG Db6@ %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{
_ G G GQK HG G G GQK
d G LQ;&p G : GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ%{
e
g :M
h K
#QQ/y {
i p=Q: [G L%YyuaDQ{ U %U6& }
k
Frq ] = : ^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
FuF K ZbO K K }
Fr\ ] n: ^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
Fr_ ZbHK K K }
F|d ] : = ^ = yuaD%{ & %&6&
Fre G [ K K }
Frg ] : : ^ = yaDQ{ & %&6U
Fh GQK%J H K K }
Fri ] ^ n :6^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
Frk J G K K }
\uq ] a6^ = yu<{
\F Z K K
\u\ ] a;%:6^ = yu<{
\u_ K K
\d ] & ^ = Y ^ ya { %
\ue } K K Z K }
\ug ]
& &&6&
\h }A }
\ui ] & %&6&
\uk }
_uq L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
_F K N G G K6Z HzG
_u\
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Dbs@ X DD
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"N
/
F p ; Z&[ = K : ZbO ^ K = K yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9==Q:6^ BEG D?6 %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yu%%{
_ G G GQK HG G G GQK
d
e :M
g K Y&p=Y yuaDQ{ %% y =Y;L v%n: ^^ ; yu<{ v%n: ^^ ; yu<{Q{
h J6G } G G Z H ]G G Z H
i L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
k K N G G K6Z HzG
Frq LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l?= : ^ = l%{
FuF H J G HK6Z G K ZbO K K
Fr\
Fr_
F|d p; n: ^ = yr LQ;%p : <{ :;&^o9=Q:6^ 6%QvL n ;
Fre Z&[ ZbHK K K G G G%K K&N G G K6Z H
Frg
Fh
Fri :M
Frk K 9U v%n: ^^ ; yu<{
\uq }SG G Z H
\F L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
\u\ K N G G K6Z HzG
\u_ LQ; ^ > Yyu<C ln: ^ = l%{
\d H J G HK6Z G ZbHK K K
\ue
\ug
\h p; : = ^ = y LQ;%p : <{ :;&^T9=Q:6^ %Qv6L n ;
\ui Z&[ G [ K K G G GQK K&N G G K6Z H
\uk
_uq
_F :M
_u\ K Q Y&p=Y yu<{
_u_ } J6G
_d L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
_ue K N G G K6Z HzG
_ug LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l: = ^ = l%{
_h H J G HK6Z G G [ K K
_ui
_uk
dq
dF p; : : ^ = y LQ;&p : <{ :;&6^X9=Q:6^ 6%Qv6L n ;
d\ Z&[ GQK%J H K K G G GQK K%N G G KZ H
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DbsQ X DD?
i i
d_
dud
de :M
dg K %Q v%n: ^^ ; yu<{
dh } G G Z H
di L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
dk K N G G K6Z HzG
euq LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l: : ^ = l&{
eF H J G HK6Z G GQK%J H K K
eu\
eu_
ed
eue p; ^ n :^ = yr LQ;%p : <{ :;&^o9=Q:6^ 6%QvL n ;
eug Z&[ J G K K G G G%K K&N G G K6Z H
eh LQ;&p : aS` t L%;%p : yQ9Q{
eui G G GQK H6G G G GQK
euk
guq :M
gFK U9 9QQ =Q:<Y ^ ya{ 9%
gu\ }A } Z K }
gu_ L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
gd K N G G K6Z HzG
gue LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lU^ n :6^ = l%{
gug H J G HK6Z G J G K K
gh
gui
guk p; a6^ = y L%;%p : <{ :;&^T9=Q:^ 6%%v6L n ;
hq Z&[MZ K K G G GQK K%N G G K6Z H
hF LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yQ9Q{
h\ G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ6&{B ; yu<{
h_ HG G G GQK JHZ H
hrd
he :M
hg K & Q9Q v%n: ^^ ; yuaDQ{ 9Q ^ = > yua {
huh 6}S
#Q/yEDQ}S{ G 6&G Z^ H= > y<{ } K KG G&HK
hi } K KG G&HK
hk L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
iuq K N G G K6Z HzG
iF LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l a6^ = l%{
iu\ H J G HK6Z G Z K K
iu_
id
iue
iug
ih p; a;%:6^ = y LQ;%p :Q <{ :;&^T9=%:6^ 6&Qv6L n ;
iui Z&[ K K G G GQK K%N G G K6Z H
iuk LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{
kuq G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ9Q{
kF HG G G GQK
ku\
ku_ :M
kd K & 9QQ = : ^ = yuaDQ{ U %U6&
kue }S } K ZbO K K }
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
o
!""Iq
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"N
o
F p ; &Z [ Y%p=Y JG y G L%;%p G : GQK <{ K%N :;&9:^T;%<9:=Q=?>:^= G 6%BE%D| v6L G n K6Z ; H
\
_
d :M
e K b y
g }
v&n: ^^ ; y YY6{
h 6% U}SG G 9%Z H HQJ =Q:Q<Y ^ y YY{ }] 9QQ
i { }S } } Z K HJ }%
k
Frq L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
FuF K N G G K6Z HzG
Fr\ LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lbY&p=Y l%{
Fr_ H J G HK6Z G J6G
F|d
Fre
E8E 'W}V 5 ;$+W 5E 5 e E K;$+7U7`Y%R E RW+787 5)5 5 7G78;$+e%:G7 5 ;iU9Wi;< 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
8
9: G;$+e%:87 5 ;$55+V: 5 ; 5J5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM :55^;+1 E +7k 5 e E K;$>78; 5 'e 1IM.K; 5
07GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$>1 E >7F +.:8)37:8.7`;$ EGE eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXV +1 .:8eL; 5 RWi)7Ue RMK78K;;$
W3RH: 50 e<e)7GNRt+7US>T 5 C 465 W >H: 5 V E (:G'1+78W 5E E >R'e%:GJ+e%:878;
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Dbs X DD?
i i
^eZ)gZ` a _&b }
2M
:G>7G>W 5E RWi#U9Wi;<p550 5 W
Y%R<_iRW<U9LWi;}89U
5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$
GC m 89:
G
E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 .RM
_+ EGE i78>RL>78S+T 5
;$i>7G7 5 VB E :U
V
E +78' +.:8Q:8] 5 78.W<+'7 5 >U9L 5 MKU9:8&,eM' E 5 e%:8.e R7GKC s E E8E5 eT 5 ]
eN E8E 78 5 C#dW 5E 5 e E K;$+7U7bY%R E #RW+787 55 5 787G>R-e}+g$7G EGE T 5 >e:87G# 5 MKU9:8 E V
Kb
: 5 ; 5-5 MK; 5 E YR+7U; 5 ;-:G78'RKS+T 5 E :8>7G7U; 5 z78>+Rt+7US+T 5 ]# >H:U-L>e E 5 7
55+Vk 5 e E RW)'e; 5 :8R; 5 :G] 5 7G+: 5 78ee; 5}5 5 e:87 5 M.iL7U * G
)bY%R
:G7U:U}; 5 7G E : 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5 C l E8EG5 >1 H:UYR#; 5 E +787 5%E 7GNS+WW0R.: 5 t+7G: 5 RW; 5
5 R:G7 5 V 5 R E *vV;+e%:G7 5 ;$JRWi<W) E Wi)g$78 E8E T 5 C
^M' 5E +W<+M'9e%:8 E +7U +.: 5 78Y%R>M. E eT 5 p{:8+78W)'e E Y%R< E :8T 5 GHg 5 );$ 8&.
9
G 5 W 5 7!#89 V
! 6 & Ck? E8E E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E e Re>J_>+W 7GNRt+7US>T 5
;$>7G7 5iE 'e%:8:8' 5 V >e; 5 E :8 E +W<78( 5 7 5 e%:U); 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 89UGC f[5 7^ EGEG5 V$>M. E
e>W E NY%R+7J 5E8E R>W RW 7UW<:87 5 5 78WiMk 5 W 5}5%E ;+Wi E eT 5 p{:8+78W<.e E CbO 5 Y%R
W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78Wi0o$C'">
F p ; Z&[ =Y;L G v%n: G ^Q^ Z ; H yr G LQ;%p G : G%K 9:<;%{<:K%=?N>:= ;&^XBEDb9 =Q:6^ G %Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yQ9Q{
_ G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ
Q{
d HG G G GQK
e
g
h } y 6
#QCy { UQ 9Q =Q:<Y ^ yuaD%{ 9QQ
i y b }] %Q U }}A]( UQ } } { Z K }]
k y Q
}AG v%n: G ^^ Z ; H yua { Q
} {Uf
Frq {
FuF
Fr\
Fr_
F|d p; v%n: ^^ ; y LQ;&p : <{ :;&6^X9=Q:6^ 6%Qv6L n ;
Fre Z&[SG G Z H G G GQK K%N G G KZ H
Frg
Fh
Fri :M
Frk K > v%n:CyE{-%y Q % "
\uq HQJ G }] }] }] } ]( } ] ! } { HJ > G v%n:Cy{
\F L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
\u\ K N G G K6Z HzG
\u_ LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l v%n: ^Q^ ; l&{
\d H J G HK6Z G G G Z H
\ue
\ug
\h
\ui p; > v&n:CyE{ :;&^T9=%:6^ 6&Qv6L n ;
\uk Z&[THJ G K%N G G K6Z H
_uq
_F
_u\
_u_ KG :U>yE{!yQy 9Q6 }](& UQ } { KG :U>y{{
_d
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
%q-
!"">
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"N
%q
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"I
i i
7G E >e:U7F 5 e E 78 E RMH:U; 5%E 7U3M.RWi E 7UWi:8'> E 5 ;$eLT 5 78 E +e%:87 5%E W< E W 5%E
78 E RMH:U; 5%E 7U 5 R$:G7U E C
78.W<>.7 5 7 5 M.>W<;z7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;0>7G7 5 5 [1 E : 5 eL E >S>T 5 oC CO 5 + E5 ; 5
7 5 78W<
`&h=^iXiS_iS
S _ SS&Q^&Sb=i[\&S^ `&h=^iXi
`&h=^iXiS_iS ~
8&J78>+RL>78S+T 5
U.
5 eL;$#RW+787 5 ] 5 e%:8; 5 5 +eL 5 e%:8787bMKI1 78 ;$+787 5%E V[; 5
9!)V.e
U.
W<]: 5 ; 5 5 7U6: 5 ; 5%EB5E : 5 +e E :8]d+eL 5 e%:8787yRW dCN78'W)>.7U 5 E >7G1S>T 5
E +7@ +.:8](YR^eT 5 _^W0RH: 53E +e%:GK; 5 R$:8.M''_>7 5 5 W 5bE W3 5 M 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 V
1 E : 5 Y%R} E :87G>W 5E<E >W<7G} 5 e E RW<.e; 5 : 5 ; 55 78 E :8e%:G;+e%:G7U;V@Y%ReT 5E +7U
eLM' E ;C
U. J;
E +R';V:8+e%:8bU97@e+e%:878;RW @C m ( 5 e E >R'7NV+e%:8T 5b5 W<]: 5 ; 5 :G>7GW<'eV% 5 E
eT 5 t+7G:G>eJ 5 )U9W<;3 5 787G 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMe 53 eLM
(program)
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"I$"
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"N
; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 eT 5 ] >H:UC m (eT 5 5 e E >R'7NV EGEG50E .e +0YR(M.RW : 5 +e# E :878e9 5 E :U
78 E +e%:GeL<+e%:G7U;C@?de%:UT 5 VRWiiW<+e E +W;+787 5 ]b>W).:GK;i0<7G EGE .eL7 5 e'_>S+T 5 ]
+.:8VPe 5E W< E W 5%E W 5 M';$ E 1 E : 5E e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:GC^?dW E +R';V 5 787G 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
9!].e 1 5 >; 5 783:G>7GW<'e7`<eM. E J;0>e%:G7U;V% E8E5iE J)78 E8E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 5
:A6cD& J o D&NO?
78>M''_>;3 5 W E RL E8EG5 C m (eT 5 5 yt+W)p E R+>;$K;V$+e%:8T 5050 eMB;3>e%:G7U;3 5 B:G'eK; 5
;$R7Ue%:8 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;b+787 5 bRW<#gNS+T 5 5 MKeS>;< E +7U
7 5 ;C
=^ EGE ,e 5 1 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 Y%R,;$>W 5%E 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM 9!)VR$:G'M'._NW 5E}5 7
SXd W`^&S`Q}; 5 I1 4`4 eLT 5}E5 7G)7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 : 5 ;; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM{VPWi E L>e E +W
RWi7G:G<;$>M'C0 E eL; 5 EGE i7G:G. + 5 V 5 'W<M'+W<+e%:8; 5 7J 5 ;$ E L>7Jg:UW<+e%:G)+W
Y%Rb 5 e%: 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5#5 5 787G>R 5 >7G7 5#E 'e%:8:GK 5 C fZ5 7 5 R$:G7 5 M'; 5 V 5 ;$>W 5%E e 5 :87Y%Rb
;$ eKS+T 5 ; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM: 5 7GeLp E ^Wi E 5 W)M.K+;b(e+W RW 5 R 5 +M'+%e%:GC 4 LV
5 7G:8e%: 5 V$ 5 .W<M'+W<>e:U; 5 7FI1M.K7 5 YRLT 5 'W< 5 7:Ue%:GJ]J)7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$J>7G7 5E 7U
5iE >R 5 W<'M'; 5 7`J>WY%RJ 5 e%: 5E 1M.b)t+e)+W<78+%7a E8E J7:8H 5 C
^W 5 R$:G7 5 +g$+W<M 5 ;$7 5 M'+Wi E Y%R 5 ;$>W 7GN>73e-e 5E8E 78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$
+787 5E ]&W 5%E :878;L>M 5%E g$>W)M 5%E E +R.7NC\= 5 78'W)>.7 5 V`,78>+Rt+7US+T 5 ] +.:8;$
Wie>.7U E :G E :G78KV L>M 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5
))
!"
XC
`&h=^iXiS_iS
b[7S f b'[7S^
b[7Sg`
`&h=^iXiS_iS ~
\78.W<>.7Ui;$>+M'78S+T 5 ]78> 5 e9NK;< 5 W 5 RW<p HVLWi E L>M')MH:Ui; 5 5 e%: 5 p
pr1 78RM'RW +787 55 5 7G78C3 78>+RL>78S+T 5 Vy;$+e%:87 5 ;$
))
!"
XVy7 5 R7U#RW E W3 5 M 5
Y%R( E :G*v0e 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 V 5 Y%RMt'eM'R 5 NU9)U9I1VV%>e%:8T 5 V78: 5 78e
5 5 e:87 5 M.(78 ,
)*
`Y%R 5 e E5 W< 5 NU9<U9I1C fZ5 78]+W}V E 5 7 5 7UWi 5%EGE
`&h=^iXiS_iS
b[7S f b'[7S^
b[7Sg`
`&h=^iXiS_iS ~
7GNRt+7US>T 5 eT 5(E +78K`:8T 5 '+e%:8CZ=^ E8E F> EG5 V 5 >7G7 55 5 787G>R3;$+e%:87 5 ;$
L+Rv 5
A6KHD o C
5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 ] L>e E RW 5 e: 5 prpr1 78RMKC 5 :G>e:U767GNRt+7U7 5 +787 5 V 5
W<]: 5 ; 5 5 e EG5 W<F: 5 ; 5%Ed5%E : 5 +e E ;J+e%:878;V E +W +eL 5 e%:8787 5 ;$ E *v; 5 C l EGEG5
>7:UW<+e%:8beT 5 ]3;$ E *v; 5 C f 78iW<>M.9 5 787^ E8E E .:GRLS+T 5 V 5 ;$+W 5%E MH:8+7U7 y
!#c
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }X} X
} ~X~
i i
EGE e; 5 5 W 5 L7UW<:87 5 " eT 53E 5 5 e%: 5 prpr1 78RMKVY%R] E t+7U; 5 L E
78
;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$i17GKI1>M{VBWi E :8W0L]>W 5 787G 5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$ E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5 E8E ; 5
5 W 5 7UW<+:G7 5 7U
))
!"
X C 465 W 5 7G E RM.:8; 5 V
d'7GKi787 E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5
e 5 >U9L)U9LI1C D +7 W 5E
L%=&n7s =%p=Pn6=Q:6^ :/BYQ= < <%: LQ;%p : BQBR^^%=?>nY G ^%R^ K = KG > G&HK Bv
fft;?>n Z Y G : GG :6^ Z ; HH DBusb[GUoOJ ssQ G G
G = [6ZbH <Aa:;?>
a Z Y G BBR^Q^%=b>nY G ^QR^ K = KG > GUHK Bv BSBtB
p=Q%: [GLU:LQY; V <
P U ^ n :c^ : <A: : : = n:
H HZ ZbH GQK } J G K Z?H GQK%J H G [ ZbHK
ZbH; KcZ aS^&a;%:LU:O; : G V= j < ;
H L%; JHKJG H: [GQ[ l H l= HK Z Y ZbZbHHG K3j6GULQH;QY J > H DB
=^ G v%n G L K6ZbH </
U } BBB
^ K% = KGLU>:G&; HK V Q<
P U ^ n :c^ : <A: : : = n :
H HZ ZbH GQK } J G K Z?H GQK%J H G [ bZ HK
ZbH; KcZ Sa ^&a;%:LU:O; : G V= j < ;
H L%; JHKJG H: [GQ[ l H l= HK Z Y ZbZbHHG K3j6GULQH;QY J > H DB
=^ G v%n G L K6ZbH </
l?lzBBQB
sT G v Z L%=YP::;%:^Pa; JH[
& HK =L K6Z LP::;&:6^Ta; JQH[
= 5 :G@Y%RdL E 7B;`78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$k>7G7 5 7GNM'._N;F 5 7O &V 5 7G+: 5 78e7 5 5 e%:G7 5 M'
78 ,
))
!"
XV$RW 5 R$:87 5 +787 5)5 5 7G78+RBV 5 Ea5 : 5 +e E L>78; 5 e E8E JeT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMP+7U
RW 5 e%: 5 pX+pX1 7GRMKVWi E E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 >H:U# 5 e 5 >U9LU9I1C? EGE E +Re; 5 >7G7 5
]0:G7U:8; 5 >W
))
!"
) E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 ]0 +.:8ze 5 W) E W 5 : 5 +eV 5 R E *vVte 5 NU9
U9I1C\?de%:8T 55 5 e%:G7 5 M'1 5 MH:U7U
#YR- 5 e EG5 W< E8E : 5 +eBC?dW>78M^]
;$ E8EG5 VP 5 ;$>W 5E M.:G+7U7 5 e 5E8E5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 6 o >MD ? C
78 >7 1>M[Y%R0:G>e9W 5%E ;$RL E(5 R-W< E W<+e E +e E ;$)+787 5 VtW< E YR) 5 e E .%W 5E RWi
78>RL>78S+T 5 ;$>Y%R;CM.]>W
;$}W 5 ; 5 Y%ReT 5E *vW +W<H:8'; E W<+e E +e E ;$ E :8.e%:U E 7U-RW W< E W 5 >7G7 5 C f 7U
EGEG5 V ;$+1+W 5E 78+ E :G7U76Y%RMP] 5 : 5 +ez 5 7878+e%:G(YRLe; 5 RWi3W<>e E >W ](+W<.:GK;0 E
+W<.:G'7^RWi)e 5 1)W)>e E >W E JM.RW : 5 >e 5 7 5 e E RW<'; 5 C D >7 W 5E V$+e%:UT 5 V eY%R+M'
W<]: 5 ; 5 V 5 :G78>U9 5 ;$b+$;$. 5
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DDD X D @
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"""
L78>>W>W ;$'1+7 E E^E H:8RS E ;$H >7G>e%:G E ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWiV<;$>1+W 5%E +1 .:8pXM 5E C
O 5 + EG5 ; 5
VyY%R3 5 ;$ E +7 R$:G'M'._N; 5 5 W 5 e 5 W<0;0MK E8E VP;$3178KI1+MXVL 5 W 5
:G' 5 ;$J1I7GKI1>MP:8C fZ5 7`g$>W)M 5 V E (:G'1>7GW 5%E RW7 5 78Wi3 5 W 5
`&h=^iXiS_iS
b[7S f b'[7S^
b[7S^ge`
:G>7 W 5%E RWi,Wi,78>RL>78S+T 5 V61 E : 5
Y%R9,RW >7G7 5 ;$+e%:87 5 ;
))
!"
X Va 5 E5
5 e%: 5 pX+pX1 7GRM';$> 5 E
`eT 5 5 @+eL 5 e%:878; 5 E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 55 5 787G>7GK 5
;
U9L7 5 K;$+e%:G >; 5 7+V$(07:8.7a;$ E8E ^: 5 >e E +78'b +.:8)b:8+e%:8:G'1I);$ E >7a7GN 5 e9>++7
5 R:G7 5 5 WieL; 5 e 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM
)*
XV 5 Y%R# 5 e;R_+'7GK 5 R:G7 5E +787 5E C f[5 7:Ue%: 5 V
-eT 5 ]@RW\ 5 W : 5 >eb78 E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 >W
))
!"
XCdW 5E ;+.g$pXM 5 ;$6 5 7U
5 e 7d>W 5 R$:G7 5E : 5 +e E V% 5 W 5 5 e%: 5 prpr1 78RMKVc{ Vt z:8CZ?de%:8T 5 V 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E
)*HF"
))
!#c >W 5 W 5 W 5%E :878; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi3oC."N
F p ; Z&[ ^ K = K Y Z ^ K yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9==Q:6^ BEG Db6 %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aS`t :6^ B^ = Y ^ B: >;%p yU{B ; yu<{
_ G G GQK Z K K K Z K G G JHZ H
d
e ^ = > yua{^ = Y ^ yu<{
g K KG GUHK K K Z K
h
i
k
Frq p ; Z&[ ^ K = KG > G&HK yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&N :;&^o9=Q:6^ G 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H
FuF LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{Bu: >;Qp yb{
Fr\ G LQ;&p G : GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ%{B J; HZ yu<H {B: >;%pG yUG {
Fr_ G G GQK HG G G GQK JHZ H G G
F|d :M
Fre K
#QQ/y {
Frg p=Q: [G L%YyuaDQ{ U %U6& }
Fh
Fri ] = : ^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
Frk K ZbO K K }
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
""N
!"I
i i
`&h=^iXiS_iS
b[7S^g
`\[iSXd=:`S '
+787 5 eLb;$>+M'78S+T 5 ce"`_ 5 WY%R 5 m V% E N; 5 e 5 M 5 5 I9>;<;$
/J: 5 +e E V
5 e E ';$>7G YR 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 E +7FU9Wi; 5 ]n!#%$ &V$ eT 5 HC 465 W E8EG5 VRW >7G7 5
5 5 7G78^e EGE 3;$NMK7US>T 5 e0;>MK7US>T 5 5E :G>7G 5 7NV 5 E RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7@eT 5 ]( E L>78; 5
t E ;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$zRW W<]: 5 ; 5 C? E8E 7 5 M'+Wi&eT 5 78 E +e%:U E5 M.RLS+T 5E 'W<M' E
:G>7G>W 5E Y%R 5 e 1 .1+7@ 5 W E8E ^; +.: 5 e 5 e 5%EGEG5 m C fZ5 78]+W}V%M'RWi Ed5 R$:878 E W<+M'9 5 78' E
5 ;+W E +7a >H:U E e EGE JeT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM{V$;$b 5 78; 5 5 W 5 Y%RW 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78W<)o$C'">
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"">/
!"Io
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"">/
F p ; &Z [ LQYQ=^^ O ; [ Cyr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9= =Q:6^ BEG D 6 %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : a ` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{Bu: >;Qp yb{
_ G G GQK a@t `tH G :6^ G B > G ; GQKLQYB ; yu<{Br: J>H;%Z p H yUG { G
d aS`t ZZ :6^ KK BLQGQ; HK%N^ K [: J[GL K[G JLQHYZ B JQHHZ ; H yaG@{B: GG >;%p G yb{
e !a P`t Z :6^ K Brp=Q: [G LQYB JHZ ; H yuaQ{B: G >;%p G yb{
g
h
i :M
k K
Frq QLQ%YQ=}^^QY ^ yua!6{
FuF y6|
#Z %/K y@{Tp=Q: [G LQYya { & %&6U } {
Fr\ yLQ; H ^ K : J L K[G LQYyua{{
Fr_ y> GQK&N ; [[G LQYyua@6{{
F|d
Fre Q% }
Frg L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
Fh K N G G K6Z HzG
Fri LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lUL%YQ=^^ ; l%{
Frk H J G HK6Z G O [
\uq
\F
`Y%R78:G'7UW 5E[5
; 5%E 5 ev*Re%: 5E ; E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 R$:8.M'._N; 5%E ;$+e%:87 5 /
L
.
;$
' Cd^M']+W;$ E8E5 V%78:8.7UW 5%E@5 >U9)U9I1 ; 5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 ;)U9W<;
!"
%$
VZ 5 E ]iW3R.: 5 5 W3RWY%RiRW W<]+: 5 ; 5 :G>7GW<'e):8W3t]+W 5 W RW NU9
U9I1C m ^ E8EG55 5 787G>7>V E8E a NU9bU9I1J{; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 E >78(+eL 5 e%:878; 5 e E .e+7 5 e'_>S>T 5
VW< E W 5 Y%R#;+ 5 E ;};$>+M'78S+T 5 ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 1>e9RW 5 R$:87 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V 5 m 5 e$p
E ';$>7878<Y%R 5 >U9#U9LI1+eL 5 e%:878; 5 :G+78W<.e 5 R#;$ eKS+T 5 ;#+M' EGE beT 5 U9Wi78
e 5 1W<>e:8 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 !#
$' & HC l EGEG5)5 > E 5 ebRW;$ E E :87G e)7GNRt+7US>T 5 ;(>7G7 5E C
O 5 g$+W<M 5 ;$
`&h=^iXiS_iS7_
b[7Sf } '
b[7Sf ~ '
?dM'.W<'ee; 5(5 >U9(U9I1@; 5 ;$ E 'e7 5 e'_>S+T 5 ;$!"
$' &
V EGE @W<]: 5 ; 5
5 ev*Re%: 5
E `7GNRt+7UJ 5 ZV%;$+e%:G7 5 ;$n
L
' V RWiJe 5 1U9Wi;]` >H:U
+e 5 e%:G7U7 5 : 5 +e
!"
%$
VLY%RJ'78) 5 7G78:UW<+e%:8 78> 5 e9N>7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5K > C m E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 5%EGE
+.:8i 5 W 5 NU9iU9I1V 5 m ;$NK;$'7GK<YRbi;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;iMK E8E :8+78W<.e 5 RzJ: 5 ; 5i5
78 E :8e%:8(;<>e%:G7U; E >7GK0.e 5 7U; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DD? X D
i i
F p ; &Z [ > GQK%N ; [%O ; [ y G LQ;&p G : GQK <{ 9K%:N ;%:<;&:6=?>^X= 9=Q:6B ^ G s 6%Qv6L G n KZ ; H
\ LQ;&p : aS` t L%;%p : yQ9Q{B ; yu<{
_ G G GQK H6G G G GQK JHZ H
d
e :M
g K 9QQ n6=Q:=?>Y ^ yua{ 9% ^ = > yu<{
h } Z K } K KG GUHK
i L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
k K N G G K6Z HzG
Frq LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l> ; ; l&{
FuF H J G HK6Z G GQK%N [&O [
Fr\
Fr_
F|d p; = : ^ = yr LQ;%p : <{ :;&^o9=Q:6^ 6%QvL n ;
Fre Z&[ K ZbO K K G G G%K K&N G G K6Z H
Frg LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yu%%{B ; yu<{
Fh G G GQK HG G G GQK JHZ H
Fri
Frk
\uq K :MY&p=Y yuaDQ{ %% y =Y;L v%n: ^^ ; yu<{ v%n: ^^ ; yu<{Q{
\F J6G } G G Z H ]G G Z H
\u\ L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
\u_ K N G G K6Z HzG
\d LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l?= : ^ = l%{
\ue H J G HK6Z G K ZbO K K
\ug
\h
\ui p; ^ n :^ = yr LQ;%p : <{ :;&^o9=Q:6^ 6%QvL n ;
\uk Z&[ J G K K G G G%K K&N G G K6Z H
_uq LQ;&p : aS` t L%;%p : yQ9Q{B ; yu<{
_F G G GQK H6G G G GQK JHZ H
_u\
_u_ :M
_d K U9 9QQ =Q:<Y ^ ya{ 9%
_ue }A } Z K }
_ug L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
_h K N G G K6Z HzG
_ui LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lU^ n :6^ = l%{
_uk H J G HK6Z G J G K K
dq
dF
d\ p; a6^ = y L%;%p : <{ :;&^T9=Q:^ 6%%v6L n ;
d_ Z&[MZ K K G G GQK K%N G G K6Z H
dud LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yQ9Q{B ; yu<{
de G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ6&{B JH; Z yuH<{
dg HG G G GQK JHZ H
dh
di
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
""No
!"Iq
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
""No
F G LQ;&p G : GQK aa D`` HG SS G L%L%;%;%pp G :: GQ9K :;%yyQQ<9:Q=?>=
Q{B B J{ HBD Z ; H ; yu<{y< {
\ HG G G GQK JQHZ H
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DDb X D
i i
VH
?^V$ 5 7 M.:G'W 5 V$RW7 5 M.>W<37UI1VY%R E R78'Rz 5 W37GNRt+7US>T 5 ;$J>7G7 5E V 5 5 787G
Y%ReL; 5 RWeT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMP]U9Wi; 5 78+t:8';W<+e%:GJV 5 :878:87a;(RW+787 5)E .e%:U:GK 5 V
eT 5 5 e E5 W<#e+e9%RW : 5 +eBC 465 W E8EG5 VkU9W<; 5 e%:G'e R E +73 +.:8&.e; eK;p
W<+e%:GC,=-e 5E8E 7UWi:8'>VZ E8EG5 5 e%:GN#e 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM
3Y%RU9Wi
.
!#c{C? E :GV6 5 7 E RL&1+_V@ 5 ;$}7 5 1 5 +73RW +787 5E 'e%:G]+:GK 5 YR E +7U:878:8; 5E +W
e>e9 RW : 5 >e E >7b 5 e E RW<K; 5 Cz= 5 78: 5 7Ge 5 V
JU9LWip 5z5 R$:G7U}1>_V 5 7 5 + E8E5
E 78+t:GC f 78 EG5 M'R+ 5 e7b EGE 7 5 M.>WiV[:G>W 5%E ;.1+7 E Eb5 PS E C-dW 5E ; 5 :87)
EG5 M'RS+T 5 ;$^_+>7F 5 W Y%R E t+M 5 W)>e 5E RW: 5 >e+ E 3 5 W 3+e%:G7U;be0U9LWi;3;$
))
!#c{V +e%:UT 5 >M.(]J 5 e E RW<K; 5 V 5
M f CI E8E 'W}VW 5
Y%R eLT 5)5 5 787G ;b 5 7GWi0 5 WY%R(+M'( 5 y;$ eK; 5
5 7@>R E ; 5 @ ;$ +W 5E Wi E RWiJ1+_ 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM :
!#c
5 $:8+W 5Ea5 7 5 78Wi0o$CC
F p ; &Z [ ^ K = KG > G&HK yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ K&9N ::;%;&<:^o=?>9= =Q:6^ B G 6 %QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{Bu: >;Qp yb{
_ G G GQK HG G G GQK JHZ H G G
d G LQ;&p G : GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ%{B JHZ ; H yu<{B: G >;%p G yU{
e
g :M
h K
#QQ/y U b {
i p=Q: [G L%YyuaDQ{ U }
%U 6& } }
k
Frq ]
#QQ/yD%{
FuF = K : ZbO ^ K = K yuaDQ{ & &&6& }
Fr\
Fr_ ] p=Q: L%YyuaDQ{ U %U6&
F|d [G }
Fre ] n: ^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
Frg ZbHK K K }
Fh ] : = ^ = yuaD%{ & %&6&
Fri G [ K K }
Frk ] : : ^ = yaDQ{ & %&6U
\uq GQK%J H K K }
\F ] ^ n :6^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
\u\ J G K K }
\u_ ] a6^ = yu<{
\d Z K K
\ue ] a;%:6^ = yu<{
\ug K K
\h ] & ^ = Y ^ ya { %
\ui } K K Z K }
\uk ]
& &&6&
_uq }A }
_F ] & %&6&
_u\ }
_u_ L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
_d K N G G K6Z HzG
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
""Iq-
!"I
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
""Iq
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }X} X
} X
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"">
!"N/"
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"">
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }~X X
} X~
i i
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }~:} X
} X
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 x}Z^^ @)`@^`} *0L^[+``
"I$"
Q $
M^ Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
XX _ T7d_iXiXb\[ X=
[:`d\[b b[X _SU[XchXh
XX h]7^7h_ X=
[:`d\[b b[X _SU[XchXh
XX _ T7d_iXiXb\[ X=
[:`d\[b b[X _SU i=T_&diSXdb[7d_&S&7d=[d_X^&aTXd:b[7S
b'[7SbX\&d`&h=^iXig7d7_X^&
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU $
M^
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU $
M^
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU $
M^
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU
\X[ai [:`d\[:b b[7S\&_[VU
[:`\X[7S_d_=a ^&Shb[_ `\7hf[ } Z
_^i_ T_`S:b'[7\[_\=eU
b'[7KS `\[:iS^[XS Z=ZXZ
iSXd:b[7E `\[:iS^[7S ZXZ=Z
[=chXh ZXZ=Z
Q$
M^ Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
XX _ T7d_iXiXb\[ X=
[:`d\[b b[X _SU i=T_&diSXdb[7d_&S&7d=[d_X^&aTXd:b[7S
b'[7SbX\&d`&h=^iXig7d7_X^&
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VU,
=[\&d:b'[7S\&7_[VUb[XKS `\[iS^[7S
\X[ai [:`d\[:b b[7S\&_[VU
[
:`\X[7S_d_=a ^&Shb[_ } `\7hf[ } Z
_^i_ T_`S:b'[7\[_\=eU
b'[7KS `\[:iS^[XS Z=ZXZ
iSXd:b[7E `\[:iS^[7S ZXZ=Z
[=chXh ZXZ=Z
Q$
M^ Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"I
!"N/
i i
Z=ZXZ
Z=ZXZ
a _ b=`^7h
dXd\di7\X[7a
!& [7S^`S:b=`
dXd\&diX\X[a
= 5 78.W<+'7 5 ] >H:U3e 5 7GWiM.W<+e%:8 5 7y89
GL
+787 5 V b78>RL>78S+T 5 V 5 >e 5 e%:G7U7
RW E .eL7 5 e'_>; 5 7NVLY%R)] 5 I
>U9z7 >e:8 E E C(%
5E >ReL; 5 >7G7 5 ]0+e 5 e%:G7U; 5 e 5 W<]+p
: 5 ; 5 89 GVtU9Wi; 5 ;$3;$>e:87 5 ; 5 *
{VPY%RV 5 7 E R<1+_V E :8i;$>e%:G7 5 ;bRWi
U9W<;#;$(55) 5 R$:878#;p89UGCJ= 5 :G0Y%R)U9Wi;i;$55+VO*
)
U9W<;bWi E 'e:8+78e);$"89 G E T 5 +.:8 E 5 W
|CXC V 5 Y%Rb'e;$K+zYRb E8E E W<]: 5 ; 5E eT 5 ;+1>W_+>7 #78>+Rt+7US+T 5 ;$3>7G7 5 VWi E
5 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$ E 'e+7 5 e._NS>T 5 'RM
E .W<M' E W<+e%:G 7 5 %7d+g>S>T 5 CO E8E5 Y%R W 5E :G7U E ;; 5 m C D e: 5 8
9: G
Y%Re%: 5 55)78>>L>W 5 W 5 78W)+:G7 5i5 1M 5 7/c7 VP;$+.ge; 5 L7Ui#U9Wi;<Wi E
g :8+78e ;y89 G 7GNRt+7US>T 5 VIY%Ra]F +.:8 E .eL7 5 e'_>e; 5 (>e:878; 5 W 5 5 e%: 5 p
pr1 78RM'C 2 RMKY%R+7[+787 5(E .e%:U:GK 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; M. E :8J;$a78RW<+e%: 5E V 5 W 5 e E :Gag$>W)M 5 V
EG5 W<+e%:G E >7GK<:G7U:U; 5 5 7( E8E iU9Wi;iWi E g :8+78eC= 5 :8+7U+'7 5 +787 5 VLi78>+RL>78p
S+T 5 ] +.:83:8W0L]>W 5 789 GV 5 e E RW<'e; 535%E : 5 +e E :8] U9L7 5 5 e%: 5 prpr1 78RM'
;$>e:87 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5 C
?^VZ 5 7 nHM.:G'W 5 V >& E R E :8T 5 5 M'+.: 5 7<;$M''>7 5 e 5E8EG5 m 5 W7GNRt+7US>T 5
;$#>7G7 5E 5 7 5 78W< +.6
.) c{G"8VkY%Ri:UW3t]+W E #+e 5 e%:G7U}e 5 ;$'78:G7G 5
!19LbYR 5 BR$:8.M'._N; 5 e 5 > :GRM 5 <7U);$+W 5 e E :8787a)R$:8.M''_>S>T 5 ; 5 m C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"I/
!"N/o
i i
Captulo 6
Gerao da rvore
Sinttica
\ m ;$JRW 5 W).MK; 5 7F;+1VM']+W;$JK;$+e%:8 >7 E J0+e%:878;b 5 7Ge>K;0L>7:8+e+
5 R&eT 5 J M'.eR+W ;$ E *v;#)78+ 5 7G:87 5E 5%EGEG 1+ E >7G7 5E g$ E :G>e%:G E VP7 5 ;R_+'7( 5 W 5
E ;#RWiz7G>78 E +e%:8S+T 5 ; 5 7 5 78W<YR0'78 E >7G1 '778zY%R) E E E E R+ E8E '1 E ; 5
5 W<.MK; 5 7` 5E8E W E +7+g$>R:8; E C@? E8E #7G>7G E >e%:8S>T 5 ]3i781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+ 5 R}781 5 7G
;$b;$>7G'1S>T 5 C
=^ E :8(> :GRM 5 .78+W 5E E :GR;7F E8E b 5 78W<0;$(7G>7G E >e%:8S>T 5 J 5 W 5 .W<M'+W<>e:UprM'C
l eKKM'W<+e%:G0W 5%E :8787G>W 5E`5 YR0]0RWi781 5 7G E 'e:U:8'>#0 5 W 5 5 ;$ E >7 R E ;i7U
78+78 E +e%:87`);+78.1S>T 5 ;$RWii+;$+K<;<M'.eR+W}Cd + 5 E 1>7G>W 5%E 5 W 5 i;$ e.p
S+T 5 ; 5 m ;)M.'eRL>W ;$+1 E +7`MH:8+7U;07U)YRV 5 eM' E 7 5 7 5 7UWi0;$
X ++
+e%:878;V$ 5 e E :G78R<)7G1 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+< 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:GC
`&h=^iXiS_iS
`&h=^iXiS_iS ~
:G>7 W 5%E E +R.e%:8 E >Y =kI>eK<;$b;$>7G'1S E ;.78:U E
"N/
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"I,
!"N/
i i
hprogrami
hclasslisti EOF
hclassdecli hclasslisti EOF
class test hclassbodyi hclasslisti EOF
class test { } hclasslisti EOF
class test { } hclassdecli EOF
class test { } class test2 hclassbodyi EOF
class test { } class test2 { } EOF
465 W E8E5 V E L>W 5%E +g:8W<+e%:G<Y%R E 5 7UW E 7 5 ;$RS E M''>; E ez 5 7GWiS>T 5
;+;$+KCWi 5 7GWiM.:G+78e:G'1I-;$}7GNM'._N70 E8E 5 t+7US+T 5 ] 5 7<W)> 5 ;781 5 7G
E .e%:8:GK+C}(;&JA 4 VRWi781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+]#RWi781 5 7G<7 5 :8RM';Rv78._<:8+W
E +W<78 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMP'e'+'MB 5 W 5 78:8RM 5 Ck=^RWii;$>7G'1S+T 5
S 1 2 ...n
5 e ; :G+W 5 W 5 M.9 5%E X e E 7 5 :8RM'; 5E
:8]
nE
C 4 ;RW ; E8E E e E Y%R-]
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLMB;$>1+7U)+1+e%:GRM.W<>e:8 E >7 E R E :G.1:GR ; 5 +7U<78._b;RWi E R781 5 7GJY%R
78+78 E +e%:8 5 R:G7Uz;$>7G'1S>T 5 VB:G]iY%R): 5 ; 5%EJ5E e E 5 M'9 EE *vW 5 W) 5E : 5%E t+e E ;$
EG W0 5 M 5%E :G>7GW<'e E C = 5 > EG5 ;#M.K+S+T 5 ;$3RWii7 5 ;$RS>T 5 1_>'Vt; 5 :G' 5 VP
;$>7G'1S+T 5 ]78+7G E >e:U;0 5 W e<7U'_ 5#EG W0 5 M 5 5 W
R7U)C'"C
5 7G:GRM 5 ; 5 HeK 5 Ae
M'9 5 C
f 7U 5 +g >W<M 5 V$:G>7 W 5%E <7G1 5 78 ;$b;$>7G'1S>T 5 ;
hprogrami
hclasslisti
hclassdecli hclasslisti
%9 y% hclassbodyi
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io
!"N/%q
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Io
Wi E '+e%:Gz; 5 Y%R#W<>;'e:8M'+.:GR7U; 5 7 5 7UWipX 5 e%:8Cz= E >S+T 5 C}1>7G>W 5E
5 W 5 'W<M'+W<+e%:87^< 5 e E :87GRS>T 5 ;<781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'>)e 5 e 5E8E5 5 W<.MK; 5 7 ++ C
X
\e 5%EGE <R$:G'M'._NS+T 5 ;#781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+<eT 5 7GNY%R+7^Y%R: 5 ; 5E`5%E +M'+W<>e: 5E ;bRWi
7 5 ;$RS+T 50E *vW 5 M 5 +; 5E e<781 5 78C l EGEG50E 'e +0Y%RJW3R.: 5%E ; 5E e E >W>78M{V%e E
5 M'9 E a 5 ;$+W E +7(;$ E 5 e E K;$>78; 5E e 5 W 5 W<+e%: 5 ;$3 5 e E :G78R.7(#781 5 7GC fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 V
Y%ReL; 5 :G'1>7GW 5%E RWe&Y%Rz7G>7G E >e%:8 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM
L
&
Vd 5 ;$+W 5%E +M''W)'e7
5E e Eb M'9 5%E 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G E 5%E eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E
L8
Vd 5 E E8E E e E eLT 5
+7G E ++e%:8W'e$ 5 7GWiS>T 5 78+M'+1e:8b78z E ;$+Wi E E E ; 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NC ? EGE 3:8. 5 ;$
781 5 7G)]U9Wi;;$z781 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+ E :878:8C f 7U 5 g$+W<M 5 e%:8+78 5 7>V:G+7 W 5E V
+e%:UT 5 V<7G1 5 78 E :878:8); R7U<C
hprogrami
hclasslisti
hclassdecli hclasslisti
y% hclassbodyi
4 ;e;}7G1 5 78 E +7Uz78+7G E >e:U; 5 5 7RW 5 $v*: 5 I1YR) 5E8E Rk7G+ +7+
I e+' E
5 R:G7 5i5 $v*+: 5E VLY%R E T 5#E >R Ea M'9 5E C`=^ E ;$. +78+e%:G EE T 5 78+78 E +e%:8; 5E 5 7 5 $v*+: 5E ;$
;$. +78+e%:G E +M' EGE E CF EGE 'WVL:G>7G>W 5E Y%R3; e'7RW<zMK E8E L7U<7G>7G E >e%:87`RWez; 5
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D X Db@Q
i i
9!)V
L
XV
L
Vk# E8E .W
&<?A o ? o DXD
:G' 5 5 R$:87878}RWe; 5 :G' 5 5 R$:878}78 5 7
XD:DAMCE H7D
;$Ke%:GC? EGE E +M' EGE EkE T 5 ;>MK7U; E ;$+e%:87 5 ; 5 L 5 :G C D 5 ; E >M' EdE T 5
E Rt+M' EGE E ;$ VW 5%E :878;3e 5 7 5 7UWi3C."C
7?
5 5 7G78+7JRW+787 5}E +Wie%:GK 5 >W e;781 5 78)]i7GN E5 'e;$K+73 5 7 5 78W<; 5 7 5 eL;$
E8E (>7G7 5)5 5 787G>RBC f 780 EGEG5 ]R$:G'M.'_>;<)1I7GKI1>M N C
T H
>;-W<]: 5 ; 5 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G 5E eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eL E 5 ;$}7G+: 5 78e73RW 1M 5 7>CF:8]
5 78VP; e'W 5E : 5 ; 5%E 5 W 5 CdW 5E _++7 5 W Y%R<+;RW ; E8E E W<]+p
: 5 ; 5E 78: 5 78e 5 eiY%R3 5 e E :G78R.RV$L>7GW<.:G'e; 5 Y%R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 YRJ +_3<U9W<;
5E8E 0R:G'M.'_>7` E8E Je cm
>;F: 5 +e 5 e E RW)K; 5 t+M 5 m 5 ; E >7BR$:8.M'._N; 5 t+M 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E ; 5E eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'e E
L7U 5 e E :G78R.7 5 ez;z781 5 78C f 7U# EGEG5 Vt E :8):G78.R.7 5 : 5 +e&Y%R)7GN
eLi;$ e'S>T 5 n =j,78)RWi)178'I1+MPV;+ 5 E VR:G'M.'_>pXMK)e< 5 e E :87GRS>T 5 ; 5 e m
(+;`: 5 +e3a(+;U9W<;^;$aRW\W<]+: 5 ; 5 ;$6RWeT 5 p{:8+78W<.eMY%Ra7GN>W
eL E ;$ eKS E n = j]i 5E8E 1>Md E8E5 +'7J+$;$. 5 I1}Y%Ri]ig$>+R$:8; 5 V7G E t>:G.p
1W)>e%:GVLYRLe; 5i5 : 5 >e}]b 5 e E RW<K; 5 bY%Re; 5)5 78: 5 78e 5 ;$RWiiU9Wi;< 5
W<]+: 5 ; 5i5 5 7G78 e 5 78W<M.W<>e:8) E >WY%RJRWi<g+>S+T 5)E *v)MKeS>;% C
fZ5 7(g$+W<M 5 Vt7U 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM No C'AEH7D o C V$ 5 ;$>W 5E :8+7J#;$ eKS+T 5 W 5%E :878;
e 5 7 5 78W<0C$C
F YQ=^Q^U G LQYU6; [G LQYQ=^^ [G L%Yy G L%;%p G :9: ;%GQ<K :=?<>{ =AK%CN B: ;U^X9=Q:^ G 6%%v6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ; Do` YY ` YY @t` YQY
_ j6GUHMK HQJ K HJ K HJ
d YQ=^Q^U6; [ %6; [G L6Do` HJ YY
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Iq-
!"N/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Iq
e
g :M
h K
i KXD: ` :% M} KY%= ^`^U LQbY&6; } y D % 6@}t3KL@SDQ{` b }t L6D`ML%YQ=^^ O ; [ Cyu<{
k GQK%J HAH6G G [G K K K
Frq L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
FuF K N G G K6Z HzG
Fr\ L%; ^ > Yyu<C lbLQYQ=^^ LQYl&{
Fr_ : GQHK%J J: HAG HHG K6AZ Y%=^^UG G LQY&6; [G y K[GD K K @3L6D%{
F|d
Fre
Frg
C'A6D o CE HD VY%R E +7U^W 5E :G7U;+W
EGE .eL:GR78; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 PM.:G+7U;J 5 7U(+M' ;$>1^78: 5 78e7kRW 5 $v*: 5 ;b+M' EGE
&<:?A o ? o DXD V<;$NMK7US>T 5
E +R';C 465 W 5 EGE +M' EGE @]a;$ e'; e 5 5 :G
178KI1+M ? ;bMK E8E DQ V; E 78H:UJe 5 + :GRM 5 /V%78W<_+>e 5 : 5 +eiY%R> EG5 R
5 W 5 2 ;7 5 ;$RS>T 5 C}? E8E i: 5 +e E +7U}R$:8.M'._N; 5 5 W 5 I
78 >7 >eK;$ EGE #eLC
?
C'AD o C HD C
\178KI1+M 5 e%:G]>W 5 e 5 W<3;iMK E8E E >e; 5 ;$NMK7U;V$.e$ 5 7GWiS+T 5 Y%R3++7G:8W)>e%:G
E +7U R:G'M.'_>;JL>M 5 5 W<'MK; 5 7kV 5 7@ E8E5 V:8+WYR E >7d.eLM'R ;e 5 e
? &E *v |CXC C
^M' 5,E +W<+M'9e:8 5 e%:G>+ 5 W 5 e 5 W<; E Rt+7UMK E8E CQ= 5 :8Y%R 5 W
5 E8E e 5 W<
5 ; 5 R#eT 5 7GN>7@e0;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;3MK E8E V%] 5E8E 1>MtY%R 5 1M 5 76;$ !
fZ5 7G:8e: 5 VBY%Re; 5 z7G1 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+z 5 7(R:G'M.'_>;V 5 1M 5 7 |CXC e E8E <+W< 5 ;$<RW
en C'A6D o CE HD 7G>78 E +e%:8)<R E + I e+');<;$NMK7US+T 5 ; E Rt+7UMK E8E C
? i17GKI1>MVo 5 7G78 E 5 e;$b#RW C' A H< HD V YRb]378: 5 78e; 5 t+M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
L
' C 465 W E8E E +M'+W<>e: 5E V 5 e E :G78.p E )RW e C'A D o EC HD e 5 +$;$. 5 I1
Y%R 5 [ EGEG5 K; 5 5 WU9Wi;i;$
L
' C 465 W 5 ;$ E8E +W 5E e%:G+78 5 78W)>e%:GVtY%RM.p
Y%R+7^U9LWi;) 5 R:G7 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 RY%RM'Y%R>7a: 5 +e 5 ;$J:8+7^RW:G78>U9 5 ;b$;$' 5
E8EG5 +'; 5 E XC n E :8 5 M 5 >7 5 $;$' 5 +e%:87GU9I1 E M5 5 t E Y%RM'Y%R>70RW;$ E8E E
+M'+W<>e: 5E C
C
AD o CE H7D
= 5 + E5 ;$J+787 5)E 'e%:8:GK 5 V$M.]>W;$U9Wi7a07 5 :G'e3;$J78>+RL>78S+T 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 +7GK
RW *M E5 UV 5 E^5
L
k E :8i E t+7UeL; 5 Y%R
W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R0U9W 5 R
|CXC
E .e%:8:GK+W)>e%:Gb 5 7G78: 505 7G''e)RWi#7G1 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+<1M.K;C6?dWM'Re E + EG5E V>W1>_
;$78'7GW 5E RW eM EG5 Vk 5 ;$+W 5E 78: 5 7GeL7 E .W<M' E W<+e%:G 5 1M 5 7 e 5 + E5 ;$
|CXC
+787 5E 'e%:8:8' 5 C l E8E5&5 5 787GiY%Re; 55 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 ;$;$+78'1I70>;$>'1I_+KV 5
5 78.% 5E W<]: 5 ; 5%E
Y%R YRb_>+WR EG5 ;+M') E :878+W 78+L7U; 5%E 7U#78>++t+7 V
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D X D?s
i i
'e;$K+eL; 5 Y%R^e;J 5 L78> 5 e9NK; 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$ CkO 5 + E5 ; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
9!
XVW 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi3C'">C
C'AM D o CE HD
<?A o ? o cDXD
MK E8E ]) E :8e:8 E .W<M' E VB 5 W 5 +W +7UM E T 5 : 5 ; E E MK E8E E
; 5 5 :8 CPk*vW 5%E`5 7 5 7UWi0C /C
C'A6D o CE HD
>V>e:UT 5 V7G>78 E +e%:8; 5 eL(7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>( 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U R7U C /C[= 5 :G`Y%RVM']+W
; 5%E :G7I E( M'9 5E W 5%E :878; 5E e R7UV 5 e 5%EGE RZ:UW3t]+W RW : 5 +e
78 +78+e%:8 J MKI1 78
LJM.K;0e);$>+M'78S+T 5 ;0+M' EGE C[? E8E (] 5 : 5 >e;$(7G+ +7 +e+'0; 5 I
e} E E +781<78z78+MK 5 eLprM 5 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8C fZ5 7 EGEG5 VBeLT 5 1W 5E 78+78 E +e%:U7
E8E i: 5 +e 5 W 5 RW7:8z;&781 5 78i E :G7U:UVkeT 5&E +73L7UY%R>M. E :G' 5E ;e E
@HMH HD
+WY%R^>M.^78+7G E >e:8`RWi'e$ 5 78WiS+T 5 .W< 5 7G:8e:8`7Ub>7U :8+78._NS>T 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWi
eLM' E ; 5 C 465 W 5 e 5 > EG5 V% 5 76+g$+W<M 5 V$; 5 f 7 5 7UWibC $qV%Y%R(7G>78 E +e%:8
RW+g 7G EGE T 5 'e7GK#;$ E5 Wi 5 R E R:G7US+T 5 C= E8E )+ E5 V 5 : 5 +e& 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G0 5
5 t+7U; 5 7 E +7813 5 W 5 I
78 >7 >eKV E >e; 5 :UW0L]>W 5 e E K;$+7U; 5 RWez;z781 5 78V 5 E ]
eN E8E 78 5 7U)';$>e%:G +7^YRLMy] 5<5 t+7U; 5 7aY%R( 5 B7GN 5 e9>+'; 5 e)>e:878;C
k+78+W 5E +e%:8T 5 Vk 5 W 5 +W 5E ;+Wi E W<]: 5 ; 5E ; 5E eT 5 p{:8+78W<.e E ;78W<:GK+
++ 5 W<'eM'R E T 5 ; 5 +$;$. 5 7U<i 5 e E :87GRLS+T 5 ;i7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>C 465 W<>S+7G>W 5E
X
t+M 5EG W0 5 M 5 'e'+'M 9!)C f 7U EGE 3eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXVPe;z78>+ E E +7 +.: 5 Vt+e E
78: 5 7GeL7Z 5 7 5 7UWi`78.eL'M M. E :8(;$`MK E8E E 78> 5 e9>K;L>M 5 m C D >7G>W 5%E V>e%:8T 5 V
5 7 5 7UWi0C C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D QcX D?D
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "I
99%&Z!
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/
!">%
i i
2 y!"
99%%!" K yZ!
99%%Z! K y!
99&%!
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/"
!">/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/"
F Z ^ K 6; [G LQY%=^^QY Z ^ K y G LQ;%p G :Q GQK 9<:{ ;%<K%:N =?:>;&=A^XCBu9 =%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ YQ=^Q^U LQYU6; LP` YY
_ G [G HJ
d Z ^ K 6; [G Yt` HJ YY
e LQ;&p : aS`t :6^ BL%YQ=^^QY ^ B ; y<{
g G G GQK Z K Z K JQHZ H
h
i y
k
Frq {TTLX: `MLQ:YQ=^Q^ [tG LQYyua^ {-6; YTy`MLLQYQY6={^Q ^QY Z ^ K yu<{
FuF GQK%J HAHG Z K [G
Fr\
Fr_
L
b7G+: 5 7GeRW e; 5 :8. 5 C'A D o CE HD -RWiU9W<;
`Y%R{Vk 5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ;$#RWiM' E :U;$+M' EGE E ] +.:8;$W<e+'7U} E :8e:8 E 'W<M' E C
eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
78>R7 E .1LH<78: 5 78e&RW<M' E :8;$+M' EGE E C n E :UV@>e%:8T 5 V6+7GK7<RW
; 5 :8. 5 ?& HD 78 5 M 5 >7 5 e|Ll
' &}e 5 'e 5 ;M' E :UC= 5 :GYR
e 5 1 5 e
5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;M' E :8]) +.:8; 5 eLMk78 5 .e 5 C 7G'W<+'7 5 e c& ? HD ]i78'; 5
Y%ReL; 5 : 5 ; E E MK E8E E v- 5 78W eM. E ; E U9Wi;- 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
)eLT 5
5 5 7G78 5 E eT 5 g$ E :8+W Wi E MK E8E E E >7G>W eM. E ; E C= E8E + E5 V@-1I7GKI1>Mno
5 e%:G]+WRWe&Y%Rz 5 7878 E 5 e;$ J ;$ eKS+T 5 ; H M.:G'Wi&+M' EGE #eM. E ;C1M 5 70;
178'I1+M C ] |C=C VZ 5 E 5 W 5 U9W<;78>+R7 E '1I-
L
) eT 5 5 ag$>+R$:8;V C
5 ei; 5 :G' 5 & ? HD V:8+W 5E 5 W 5 RW M'9 5<5 e C'6A D o EC HD V 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G J
5 e%:G'e%RL3 5 W 5 1M 5 7F 5 W 5 YRLMt 5 P'e'+'M.'_>;be 5 'e 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Ck?de%:8T 5 V$ 5 78'7
HM.:G'WibMK E8E eM. E ;V 5 W 535 R$:87 5J M'9 5 V%Y%R E +78K 5 7G E :Ue%:G^;bM' E :8V 5 1M 5 7 |CXC C
R7UFC oa78 E +e%:8a E :8 E 7U` 5 e E :87GRLS+T 5 ;YR+M'k:G78>U9 5 ;$6781 5 78[W 5%E :878; 5
e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8V 7U 5 7 5 7UWi
hclasslisti ( hclassdecli )+
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/
!">
i i
K yZ!
99%%Z!
{
K y!
99%%Z! 2 yZ!
99%%!"
t
2 y!"
99%%!" 2 y!"
99&%! K yZ!
99%&Z!
N
5 R
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db@@ X D?7
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N//
F Z ^ K 6; [G LQY%=^^QY Z ^ K y G LQ;%p G :Q GQK 9<:{ ;%<K%:N =?:>;&=A^XCB(9' =%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ YQ=^Q^U LQYU6; LP` YY
_ G [G HJ
d Z ^ K 6; [G Yt` HJ YY
e LQ;&p : aS`t :6^ BL%YQ=^^QY ^ B ; y<{
g G G GQK Z K Z K JQHZ H
h
i y
k LP`AL%YQ=^^ [G LQYyua{
Frq Z ayYt`` HJ YY{
FuF Yt` H6G S Z ^ K 6; [G yL{
Fr\
Fr_ G Y^ G YBu= yL{
F|d [[
Fre {UftP: : Y
Frg GQK&J H
Fh
Fri
L
&
F:G>W Y%R C
# U? HD C?
=^ EGE i+ EG5 VB>;}+M' EGE 078> 5 e9>K;z+W E >7.e E +78K;eLzM' E :U
5 7W<+ 5 ;U9LWi; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 AMHMH ;}MK E8E EGE .e E >78S>T 5 ]0 >H:Ue
5 7U;$>W+W Y%Ri E MK E8E E 7GN+W ez+e%:878;C3= T 5 5 ;$ E +7;$. +78+e%:GVy 5 E +;
+ E W<+e%: 5 +.: 5 ;$>e:87 5 ;} 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 dpt z`VBRW e 5 1 5 1M 5 7(]i:G78.R ; 5 o
5 1IM 5 7
e%:8+78 5 7)]&L>78;$K; 5 C?dW 5 R$:87 5%E 5 e%: 5E ;e 5E8E -78Wi:GK+V6 5 W 5 e 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM
L
' V 5 $: 5 R$p E t+MK 5 R$:878i 5 78;>WV 5 R E vVt+MK<R$:8.M'._NS>T 5 ; 5%E`5 t+7U; 5 7G E ;$
78+t:GKS+T 5 ; n = jFVNL7U^Y%R 5 M.>H: 5 7[ 5%EGE ^ 5 W<7U7[ E ;R E 5 78Wi E ;6'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 C
?dW>78M{V}R:G'M.'_>S+T 5 ;#U9Wi; E 78>R7 E .1 E 5 W 5 +W
: 5 7GeWi E 'M@
5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;37G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+V%Wi E V 5 7 5 R$:G7 5 MK; 5 V: 5 78e337UWi:8'>W<+e 5%E M'+ 1+MXC
; eKS+T 5 ; 5
L
yvi 5 ZW 5%E :878;C
eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eM 465 e%:G'e RW 5E Vt+e%:8T 5 VP 5 W
5 78Ig 'W 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMyY%R]
L
' Ve 5 7 5 78Wi3C C
F YQ=^Q^U6; [ %6; [G LQYQ=^^ O ; [ Cy G L%;%p G :9: ;%GQ<K :=?<>{ =AK%CN Bu: ;U^X9=Q:^ G 6%%v6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ^ 6; LP` YY
_ Z K [G pA` HJ YY
d L K ` HJHJ YQY
e
g =Q:Q LQY&6; >m` p HJ YY
h G [G [
i ; H ^ K; : J L KL%Y&6G ;LQY&; [> G L [
k GQK%N [ G [G [
Frq ; j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
FuF LQ;&p : a ` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{Bu: >;Qp yb{
Fr\ G G GQK a@t `tH G :6^ G B > G ; GQKLQYB ; yu<{Br: J>H;%Z p H yUG { G
Fr_ aS`t ZZ :6^ KK BLQGQ; HK%N^ K [: J[GL K[G JLQHYZ B JQHHZ ; H yaG@{B: GG >;%p G yb{
F|d !a P`t Z :6^ K Brp=Q: [G LQYB JHZ ; H yuaQ{B: G >;%p G yb{
Fre
Frg
Fh :M
Fri K
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db@Q X D?
i i
rF k K ` PL `ML%%YQ=}^^QY ^ yua76{
\uq y6|
#%/y@Z {TK p [ `P p=Q: [G LQYyua { & &&6& }
\F Z aypA`Q` HJ YQY6{
\u\ pA` S ^ 6; yup {
\u_ YG ^ G H6G Z K [G [
\d p/Bu= [[ yup [ {
\ue
\ug {
\h yL [ `ALQ; H ^ K : J L K[G LQYyuaQ{
\ui Z ayL K `` HJ YQY6{
\uk L ` S ^ 6; yL {
_uq YG ^ G K H6G Z K [G [
_F L K B= [[ yL [ {
_u\
_u_ {
_d y> [ `> GQK%N ; [[G LQYyua@{
_ue Z ay >m`Q` HJ YQY6{
_ug >m` H6G S Z ^ K 6; [G y> [ {
_h
_ui G Y^ G >Bu= y> {
_uk [[ [
dq {
dF
d\ XQ: %: } MY%=^^U6; Q6; y L p3L >{
d_ GQK%J HAH6G [ [G K K
dud L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
de K N G G K6Z HzG
dg LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lUL%YQ=^^ ; l%{
dh : G%HK%J J: HSG HHG MK6Z YQ=^^U6G ; [ Q6; [G y KO [ L pC L K >{
di
dk
euq
q C'A H< HD n
c?& HD CZ
\e 78: 5 7GeL; 5 5 7 5%EGE RY%R:G7 53 M'9 5%E V : 5 ; 5E ; 5 :G' 5
7G'W<+'7 5 78Wi_+>eRW e0Y%RJ 5 7878 E 5 e;$ J M. E :U0;(+M' EGE E e'e9; E m
5}E >Re; 5 V J M. E :U};$017GKI1> E m 5 :8+7U>.7 5 V J M. E :8;$i 5 e E :87GR$: 5 78 E my 5 Y%R7G: 5pJ M. E :U
W<]: 5 ; 5
L
<;$ E 78H: 5 e:8+78 5 7GW<>e:8VkY%R0v&78: 5 78e-M. E :U-;i C'AD o C HD
;$W<]: 5 ; 5E ;+M' EGE C f 78M' E :8,;$+M' EGE E V@R:G'M.'_>W 5%E ,U9W<;-7GNR7 E '1 5
W 5 e%:8;C f 78` E ;$>W< E M. E :8 E VNR$:G'M.'_>W 5EB5`5 L>78; 5 7;$d78+t:GKS+T 5 ; n =jzVI 5 7 E8E5 V
78>+ E W 5E W 5 e%:87 zM. E :U J W<>;$K;Y%R< E 178'I1+ E V 5E 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7G E^5 R 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E
L78>>Wei>e%:G7U;CF+M' EGE b 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G< E8E 3eibRW g$>W)M 5 ;$0 5 W 5< >
7G1 5 78iW 5 e%:8; 5 70 EGE #W<]: 5 ; 5-E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5E e 5 7 5 78W<}C ze R7UC
78 E LN :G'1W<+e%:8C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db@7 X D?'
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/o
h nn J O YY Z LTLT Z ^^ K 66;; [G pL Y YZ ^ K^ RQRQRSRSYY Z ^^ K == [G pLQ=%; : Z%^ p: GZ ;%^ : [ =M^ LQY%=^^ G
i n JO Y Z TL Z ^ K 6; [G >KY Z^ K RQRSY ZZ ^ KK = [[GG > HK ; K[ ;J^ K G
k JO Z Z K [G Z K
Frq n Y LtYQ=^Q^U6; %6; y; D( ^ ; L ^ ; pC ^ 6; L
FuF JO Z [ [G j6^ G&Hm6; K >{ Z K [G Z K [G Z K [G K
Fr\ Z K [G
Fr_ ^ n :Cy DQ{3RRUn=^^%= ;
F|d LQJY G^ K`ML K j6G&HM[G : G a G : H L Z =Pn=Q:=MLQ; H ^ K : JK ;%: [ =A^ J n G :6L%YQ=^^ G
Fre pY Z ^ K `tp
Frg L YZ K^ `AL
Fh >KY Z^ K `o> K
Fri Z K
Frk
\uq
\F
f 7U 5iE +R.e%:8 :87GNU9 5 ;$7 5 7UWiV:8+7 W 5%E i781 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>0; R7U0C C
`&h=^iXiS_iS7_
`&h=^iXi^ ZXZXZp
`&h=^iXig ZXZXZp
b[7S`a
iSXdb[7_
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d b[7S
ZXZXZp
b[7SQ
XZ ZXZp
= 5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM1 < f 7 5 7UWiC'">
%9M'Re E 5 W<>e:U78 5%E E >7G>W +.: 5%E
EG5 78(< 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ;)7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>C
F =Q:Q G LQY&6; [G p=Q: [G LQYy G LQ;%p G :Q GQK 9:<;%{<:K%=?N>:=A;&C^XBEDb9s =Q:6^ G %Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ; Do` YY
_ j6GUHMK HQJ K
d ZbHKP^ 6j ; `SsYt ` YY
e Z K [G HJ
g
h
i K :My Do` U
k K }] K Do` %Qb }]K D` UQ } {
Frq K S` YP `UQt } y ^ 6; y
M }A=% :Q6;
y } {j {f f {
FuF y HG `PZ Ks [G H6G ` U[G K y j
f f {
Fr\ } j K } }A } j
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/
!">
i i
r *@33
3c*3** : r *:
*( G
*(
r @ 33
*( :
G (@36 G
: r *@33 G r @36 @33
: r 63
b[7S^g`
5 R
iSXdb[7aO_
x'A6MD o CE HD
D
? E8E -;$>+M'78S+T 5 ]#78+7G E >e:U;e 5 e Y%Rz 5 e%:G]>W RW M'9 5 Y%Rz]
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ } X
%}
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/%q
DQ
4 ;#+M'+W<>e: 5 ;zM' E :8zYR)78>+3 5 W 5 M'9z; ]<; 5 :8. 5 V
Y%R(:G>W 5 W 53 M'9 5%E RW =H JRWe W)>7 5 'e:8+'7 5 Y%RJ'e;$K+W 5 e 5 W<;)178'I1+M
E RL);.W<+e E T 5 V 7G E t>:G'1W<+e%:Gi f 7 5 7UWi)C'"NC
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db@ X D|%s
i i
`&h=^iXiS_iS
b[7S^gK
iSXdb[7` )
2 y!"
y%%!" 2 y!"
%2 %K
F ; H ^ K : J L K G LQY&; [G LQ; H ^ K : J L K[G LQY9:y ;%G <LQ:;%=?p>G =A:C BEGQDbK @ <{ K%N :;&^T9=%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ;
_ j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
d GQK%N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [G >m` HJ YY
e
g :M
h K ` U6%QQQ& >c`o> ; ; Cyu<{
i K T : : A}; ^ : GQL K%N [%LQOYU6;[ y >{
k G%K%J HAH6G H K J K G [G K
Frq L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
FuF K N G G K6Z HzG
Fr\ LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lUL%; ^ : L LQYl%{
Fr_ : H J: G HMK6Z ; ^ :G L HLQYU6K ; J Ky [G >{
F|d G%K%J HSHG H K J K G [G K
Fre
Frg
Fh
Fri GQK%N ; [ G L%Y&6; [G > G%K%N ; [[G LQYy G LQ;%p G : GQK <{ K%N :;&^T9=%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
Frk
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db@ cX D|6D
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D?s X D|
i i
`&h=^iXiS_iS7_
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d
ZXZXZp
b[7S f '
ZXZXZp
9y!""!"
K yZ! K yZ!
9&y%%Z! m&!&%!
F GQK%N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [G > G%K%N ; [%O ; [ Cy G LQ;%p 9G ::;%< :GQ=?K>=A<{CBEK%DbN :;&^T9=%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ; Do` YY
_ j6GUHMK HQJ
d Z =^ K 6>; [G 6Yt; ` HJ^PYY` YY
e K KG G&HK [G HJ
g LQ;&p : aS` t L%;%p : yQ9Q{B ; yu<{
h G G GQK H6G G G GQK JHZ H
i
k
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D?D X D|%@
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z ">"
Frq K :M Do` Q9Q YP`Tn6=%:=b>Y ^ yua{ Q9Q ^T`M^ = > yu<{
FuF K P: : } ; 6; QZ 6K; y D Y3^}{ K KG GUHK
Fr\ GQK&J HSH6G GQK%N [ [ [G K
Fr_ L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
F|d K N G G K6Z HzG
Fre LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l> ; ; l&{
Frg : G%HK%J J: HSG HHG K6 Z GQK&N ; [G 6; [ Q6GQK%; N[G [&y OK D[ Y3^{
Fh
Fri
Frk
\MK E8E D7? H H< HD
].W<M'+W<+e%:U;< 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 7UWi3C."q C
F n6=L j =Q< G ^& HK =L K6Z L&: GG 9:;%<:=?>=ACBED '
\
_ Z >n;&: K ; j6GUH
d n JO Y Z LALQYQ=^Q^ GQK%N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [GMG v KG&H[ ^t G&H6G :=Y&6; [G
e n JO Y Z LT Z ^ K 6; [G n6=%:=b>
g n JO Y Z LS K = KG > G&HK 6; [G ^ K = K
h
i n JO Y Z L GQK%N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [G yu; j6GUHK ( Z ^ K ; [G Y K = KG > G&HK ; [G ^{
k
Frq ^ n :Cy {
FuF n6J=%:G=b>mK`AY
Fr\ ^ K = K `A^
Fr_
F|d
Fre
R78<C 0W 5%E :878<<781 5 7G 7U 5#E >R'e%:G(W)]+: 5 ; 5
x
6A 6 H7D Y%R}]'e E +78'; 5 e RW ?& HD
RW ; 5%E 7UW<+:G7 5E 5 7GWi E ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 C m Rb;$ eKS+T 5 ](;;e 5 7 5 78Wi C."NCZ= 5 :8
x
A6D o CE HD M'.p
Y%R}7U&>;-178'I1+MXV 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 78K&RW
e9 E ">
% C[? EGE NHM.:G'W 5 .e;(_^7:8; 5 & ? HD Y%R^]78: 5 78e; 5 t+M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
M''e9 E "N/"NV6Y%RVF 5 7 E R1+_V@]'eM'R ; 5 5 W 5 M'9 5 ;$RW
M''e9#/% C
F Z ^ K 6; [G n6=%:=b>Y Z ^ K y G LQ;%p G :Q GQK 9<:{;%<K%:N =?>:;&=A^XCBE9Db=% :6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ^ 6; nc` YY ` YY
_ Z K [G HJ I HQJ
d ZbH; KPj `SDos` YY ` YY
e j6GUHMK HQJ K HJ
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">%
!"Io
i i
* @36
3
3c * :
*(
r *3K3
(
r @ 36
*(
3c* *( r @36
r
3 *(
3 t
r
3c
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D?@ X D|
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z ">/
|CXC
? E8E )]0RW W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%RVy>W + EG5 ;0>7G7 5E .e%:8:GK 5 Vt 5 ;$<7G+: 5 7Ge7 E .W<M' E W<+e%:G 5
1M 5 7 V 5 E EGE beT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMB;$>7G'1ii+;$+K<1_+K<VL 5 7:Ue%: 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R 5
U9W 5 R;+1J E :U7a78+78; 5 L7Ub:878:87aRW M'9 5 .eg$ E :G>e%:GC
;:?A?=D>D:?& HD C l E8E5 5 78Y%RaRWiJ;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$a178KI1+M%]`RW; 5E 5E8E 1> E 5 Wie; 5%E
:G7U;ze 5 7 5 7UWiC'""VB.7U}e 5 :870YR#Y%R+MKMK E8E 0 5 6;$ eK; 5 W 5E RPMK E8E #;$
F K = KG > G&HK 6; [G ^ K = KG > G&HK y G L%;%p G :9: ;%GQ<K :=?><{=AK%CN BE:D ;U ^X9=Q:^ G 6%%v6L G n K6Z ; H
\ = > 6; ^P` YY
_ K KG G&HK [G HJ
d ;Z ^ K 6; [GDo`Y YY
e j6GUHMK HQJ
g LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{Bu: >;Qp yb{
h G G GQK HG G G GQK JHZ H G G
i G LQ;&p G : GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ%{B JHZ ; H yu<{B: G >;%p G yU{
k
Frq :M
FuFK
Fr\ y
Fr_
#QQ/y {
F|d ^X`tp=Q: [G LQYyaDQ{ & %&& }
Fre
Frg ] ^X`S= : ^ = yuaDQ{ U %U6&
Fh K ZbO K K }
Fri ] ^X`Tn: ^ = yuaDQ{ U %U6&
Frk Z?HK K K }
\uq ] ^X`t: = ^ = yuaDQ{ & %&&
\F G [ K K }
\u\ ] ^X`t: : ^ = yuaD%{ & %&6&
\u_ GQK&J H K K }
\d ] ^X`M^ n :6^ = yuaDQ{ U %U6&
\ue J G K K }
\ug ] ^X` a6^ = yu<{
\h Z K K
\ui ]
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D? X D|%
i i
Rv 5E 5 W< 5 e>e%:G E M'9 5%E E T 5 e E ; 5 :8. 5;:?A?=D
> D &? HD Cz= E8E > EG5 Vk;$>e:87 5 ; 5
e9z/"3; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
W<]: 5 ; 5
)*H 6 )MK E8E C o HzD E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5E e 5E 7 5 7UWi E C$"^JCC
Q;$ e'S>T 5 ;$
)*
[ R$:G'M'._N(J 5 78;>W ;aU9LWi; E 78>+R7 E '1 E 7UW 5 e:U7k M. E :U
;$ ;:?A?&D>
D U? HD V:G]JW 5E W 5<5 R$:87 5%EOC o HD C
;$J 5 W<e; 5%E CZ= 5 :GJYR 5E e E Y%RJ 5 W< +W 0M. E :80 5 ;$>W E >7F;$JY%RMKY%R+7 E Rt+M' EGE
F Z ^ K 6; [G ^ K = K Y Z ^ K y G LQ;%p G :Q GQK 9<:{;%<K%:N =?>:;&=A^XCB 9 =%D :6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ ^ 6; Yt` YY
_ Z K [G HJ
d K = KG > G&HK 6; [G ^P` HJ YY
e LQ;&p : aS`t :6^ B^ = Y ^ B: >;%p yU{B ; yu<{
g G G GQK Z K K K Z K G G JHZ H
h
i ^X`M^ = > yua{- YT`M^ = Y ^ y<{
k K KG G&HK K K Z K
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }% X
}
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z ">%o
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D? X D|%
i i
dW 5E : 5 Wi7 5 +g >W<M 5 1 E : 5 e%:G+78 5 78W)>e%:GV M'.+'78W<+e%:G(W 5 ; >; 5
m!%%!"
2 y!" 7"Z!
|y%%Z! 2 y!" 2 yZ!
%2 y!"
%K
j['R7U)C'">
bu?kg$+W<M 5 ;b781 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>0L7U
!#c6l
{C
W<]+: 5 ; 5 G k] 5 78 E 5 e E I1+M t+MK78'S+T 5 ;$RWeb; 5 :G' 5 ? X&B HD VN+Rv
MK E8E ( 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G(]W 5E :G7U;0e 5 7 5 7UWi0Co$C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D?7' X D|
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "> q
G i f 7 5 7UWiCV 5 e ?=B% HD ]iW 5 e%:U; 5 5 W U9W<; 55e
78 E 5 e;$+W 5E MK; 5%E E Y%R>78; 5 i;$'7G>H: 5 ;:G78.R'S>T 5 Vy7G E t>:G'1IW<+e%:GC0= 5
W<]: 5 ; 5
M'.e9L"N
VdY%Rz;+1 5 M.1-7G'W<+'78g$78 E8E T 5 VZ; 89UG 5 RL89 G VFY%R
78: 5 7GeL3 E >ReL;Ck= 5 :GY%RVL E 7F; E +78+W; 5 W< E W 5 :G' 5 V)g$78 E8E T 5 78: 5 7GeL;
5 7y553 5E8E RBM.RWi E 78 E :G78'S EaE 'e%:8:8'> E VIv< 5 W<>e:U; E e 5 + :8RM 5 C
F K : Z?O 6; [G = K : ZbO ^ K = K y G LQ;%p G : GQK 9:<;%{<:K%=?N>:=A;&C^XB 9 =Q:6^ G %Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY ` YY
_ G [GAG HJ G HJ
d ; j6GUHMK Do` HQJ YY
e LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yu%%{B ; yu<{
g G G GQK HG G G GQK JHZ H
h
i :M
k K Do`SY%p=Y yaDQ{ Do` &%
Frq G y `S=YJ6;GL v&n: K^^ ; yu<{ } ` v%n: ^Q^ ; y<{{
FuF X:GGQ K%J : HAH6G AG K G: ZbO Z ; H[G y K D ]GGD GG { G Z H
Fr\
Fr_ L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
F|d K N G G K6Z HzG
Fre LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l?= : ^ = l%{
Frg : H J: G HAK6Z : 6G ; y K DZb O K D K {
Fh G%K%J HSHG K ZbO [G K G G
Fri
Frk
= 5 :GY%R 5%Ed M.9 5%E ; 5 e ?X B% H7D 5 ;$>W E >7F;H >7G>e:8 E :G' 5E ;$(g$78 E8E T 5 C f[5 7
g$>W)M 5 Vt E >Re;ig$78 E8E T 5 5 ;$ E >7 RW< E5 Wii'e78' 5 RRWi#W0RM.:G'M.K+S+T 5 V 5 R
E .W<M' E W<+e%:GdRW<` 5 e E :8e%:GC f 78`>;aRW;$ EGE E :G' 5%E ;$@g$78 E8E T 5 V+;$>1>W 5%E :G>7BRW
N/D% HD
E :878:8b;)Y%RM 5%E ;$>Wi E e E YR 78+78 E +e%:UW 5E :G' 5%E +g$ E :G>e:8 E ;$(g$78 E8E E@E T 5
E Rt+M' EGE E C@ 7 5 78Wi3Cq37G E >e:U0<;$ eKS+T 5 ; C
F n6=L j =Q< G ^& HK =L K6Z L&: GG 9:;%<:=?>=ACB '
\ >n;&: ;
_ Z K j6GUH
d = ^ :=L n Y LALQY%=^^Xv&n: 6; v ^t :=Y&;
e O K K JQO Z G [GAG KGUH[ G&HG [G
g n Y LTv%n: 6; yu; {
h JO Z G [G j6GUHmK
i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">
!"N
i i
k ^ J n G :Cy K {
Frq
FuF
54a 5 ;$F78: 5 7GeL7Y%R:G7 5 :G' 5%E ;$ E :G'e%: 5%E ;$Fe E VN: 5 ; 5%EE RPMK E8E E
D N/6 HD C78'W)>.7 5 ]RW x'A6 HD V6YRLe; 5,5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM`78> 5 e9> 5 W 5
2eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM
;$
g$78 E8E T 5 t+eL E 7G+ +7+ I e+'&RWi178'I1+M@ 5 W 5 >W^g- } C& 5 e E :87GRS>T 5
x'A 6 HD V$+RviMK E8E J 5 BW 5E :G7U;)e 5 7 5 7UWi0C."I$V EGE ei]b78: 5 78e; 5 C
;$ EGE 3e]0 +.:8zeM''e9""0; 5 7 5 78W<iC C3e 5 W)<;z178'I1+M])R$:8.M'._N; 5 7U
78K7`RW
^Wi<781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+07U<<:G78'RKS+T 5 ^gw } ]W 5%E :878;0e R7U<C'""C
F v%n: G 6; [G Y&p=Y J6G y G LQ;&p G : GQK <{9:K%;%N <::;U=?>^T=A9C=QB :6 ^ G 6%Qv6L G n KZ ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY
_ G [GAG HJ
d ; Do` G `YYH J YY
e j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
g ^ 6; K YtHQ` J YY
h Z K [G HJ
i
k
Frq K :MD` UQ Do` S=Q:%6; y DQ{
FuF K y } G HG [G K
Fr\
Fr_ K D ` D`
c }SGvQ 6;` G v&y n:DG ^^ ZD; H y HQJ {Y Y6{
}
F|d G H6G H[G [G K G G
Fre ] 6
#QCy@{
Frg
Fh K D ` D6`% }TAK =` YQY& 6U; y }AD 9QDQ } YPY6`t{ =Q:<Y Z ^ K y HJ YY6{ 9% }
Fri G H6G [G K G K
Frk ] D` 6% ` U
\uq K }TK }
\F { G D` H6G t6; K 6; [G y K D G D K {
\u\ X: : D
\u_ GQK%J H
G
\d L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
\ue K N G G K6Z HzG
\ug LQ; ^ > Yyu<C lbY&p=Y l%{
\h : H J: G HSK6Z =Q:%6; G y DQ{ J6G
\ui G%K%J HSHG [G K
\uk
_uq
R$:G7 5 :8. 5 ;$@eJY%R@ 5 ;$ E >778: 5 78e; 5 t+M 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM 55
F]FRW 2 HD HD V
Rv3MK E8E `]W 5E :G7U;Je 5 7 5 78W<JC VY%R 7G>78 E +e%:8'e;$+gS+T 5 ;$RW<3178'I1+M
5 W;$'W<+e E T 5 Wi 5 7`Y%R_+>7 5 C? EGE e< 5%EGE R;R E +g 7G EGEG E 5 W 5) M'9 E C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">
!"N"
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z ">
B9 !"
|y!" y%Z!
%2
A2H7D H7D
@ 2HD HD
m #:8.1+78W 5E RWi E +Re;'e;$+gS+T 5 V+e%:8T 5 RWe 5 1 5 ]+7GK; 5 :G+eL; 5
D NCD
5 W 50 M.9 5 VY%RJ] 5 +7GK; 5 e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8V <g$78 E8E T 5 78: 5 7GeL;3 5 7
=kI>eKJ 5 ;$ E >7d7G>L+:GK;;$'1>7 E E 1+_+ E VRWi7UJ+;(e 1+Mt;$
CP? E8E E >Y
'e;$gS+T 5 e 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM45CF R78<C."I3W 5%E :878<<781 5 7G
Y%RJ 5 7`7GN 5 e9>+'; 5
E .e%:8:GK+)78)<:G78'RKS+T 5 ^3&b } gw } C
= 5 7 5 78W<C /
V(W 5E :G7UW 5E 2MK E8E & ? HD Y%R:8W3t]+W 5 ;$ E >778: 5 7Gp
e; 5 7(55} z7G>7G E >e%:8 5 EGEG5 RW<&178'I1+M {+W) 5 3;$RW 5 $v*+: 5 5 W 5
^eZ g- } C[(bW< E WibWie+'783YRe 5 + EG5 ;3.eL;$gS>T 5 V 5 ;+W 5E :G>76WH MH:8.M 5%E
+ E8E5%E >W< 5E VP 5 W 5 >W ^OZ Z g- } C fZ5 ;$>W 5%E Vy.e;VP 5 W0'e7 .e;gS>T 5
^bZ g- } 5 R^eZ bgw } C@7 5 + E8E5
;$ 5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ; 5P & ? HD ] E .W<'M'7>C}>;> E W<+e%: 5 Y%R 5 5 787G<eM''e9&"#;$
+ E8E5 <RW>W< 5 V 5 W 5 >W
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io
!"N
i i
B9 Z!
Z!
y&!
M" !" y%Z!
yZ! y%Z!
&2
55+VRWeJ]aW 5 e%:8; 5 :8+e; 5 5 W 5 7G'W<+'7 5 M'9 5J5 1M 5 7[>W @ VY%RV 5 W 5 v 1 'W 5E V
x'6A 6 HD VPRW 2HD HD5 R-RW 5 R:G7 5 ?& HD VP# 5 W 5E +Re; 5 M'9 5
QD 5 W 5 e 5 W< ; 5 +W< 5 E +7@R:G'M.'_>; 5 Ck= R78bC."N/V%W 5E :G7UW 5E 0781 5 7G
5 ; E >7RW
RW
E .e%:8:GK+)78)<:G78'RKS+T 5 ^bZ g } C
* 3
* K3
* 3*V3
1 3
K
3M'3 Gr 3 t r 3 r r * G r O r
rr 3 r r r r r *6r **r 6 r M *r r
V r *
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io$"
!"N/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Io$"
B9 Z!
yZ!
y&!
M" ! %2
yZ! y%Z!
&2
DQ
RWig$78 E8E T 5 Y%R}'e;$K+,;$Y%RM 5 $
v*: 5 ;$ E * vp E zR:G'M.'_>7iRW W<]: 5 ; 5 VF;; 5 t+MK
VH
?& H7D
178'I1+M Cd E >ReL; 5b M'9 5 ] 5 e 5 W<(; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 V$;; 5 5 7FRW VV 5 7 MH:8.W 5 V
RWe YR- 5 e%:G]+W RWiM. E :U;&g$78 E8EG E Y%R E T 55E 78RW)>e%: 5E ;
U9W<;C ? E8E :8. 5 ;$&e 5 ; E >7#R$:8.M'._N; 5 5 W 5E ;+Wi E 1 E : 5E e:8 E V`;$+e%:G7 5
45C ^ebZ ~ , Z gw } VZY%R
x'A6 H D 62HD HD V+RWX ACXCE H7D aRW U? HD VN 5 e$ 5 7GW<FW 5%E :878; 5
;$ fZ5 7bg$+W<M 5 V[ 5 ;+W 5E :G+7):87G'RKS+T 5
5E8E R$RW VNRW
e R78<C.">C
1*
{VZR$:8.M''_>; 5 +W 55+V[78> 5 e9><RWiM' E :U;$#g$78 E8EG E
?& HD C m R<;$ e'S>T 5 ]b;;3e 5 7 5 7UWi3C /%$C
eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM
5 e E :G78P7U0+MK E RW
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D| MX Db%
i i
s9 !
y!
" y%!"
!" %2
M" ! &2
K y!
%2
y&!
F v%n: G 6; [G =Y;L G v&n: G ^^ Z ; H y G LQ;%p G 9::;% <GQ:K =?><=A{ CK%BuN @:@ ;&^X9=%:6^ G 6&Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY
_ G [GAG ` HJ YY
d G HJ
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io/
!"No
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Io/
, c?& HD
5 W 5 e 5 W<(;0+M' EGE ;)Y%RMy;$>1 E >7a+7GK; 53535 $v*: 5 (RWi0M. E :U0;(+g$7G EGEG E RW
e VY%R E T 5)5E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E ;)U9LWi;) 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7`;<MK E8E C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D|% X DbQ
i i
E >Re; 5 :8. 5 ;$i+g$7G EGE T 5 78> 5 e9NK;+W L89
G2]78KS+T 5 ;#RWi
D!6A< H7D VNYR`:8W3t]+W 5%EGE RL 5 W 5
e 5 1 1I7GKI1>M%;.W<+e E 5 e;) 1+: 5 7 5 R0Wi:G78._I C l EGEG5 ]F >H: 5 eL E M'.e9L E ;$J"IqC[=^ EGE
D ?U HD
+ E5 V 5 eT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 e E :G78$RWeb; 5 :G' 5
M'9 5E RW RW C78'W)>.7 5 78+7G E >e:U 5 :G' 5 ; 5%Ez5 $v*: 5E Y%R
Y%ReL; 5b5 d_&S&7d=3 [ ] R E ; 5 ;$>e:87 5 ;$^RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>C? 5; N|D 6 H7D 5E8E RL 5 W 5 M'9 5
&? H7D VB 5 WRWiM. E :8;$#+g$7G EGEG E Y%R E T 55%E 78RW)>e%: 5E ;U9Wi; 5
5 e E :G78R$: 5 7a; E Rt+7UMK E8E V J:8W0L]>W 5 ;$ E >7 @CXC C
RW
F 9 : ZbHK 6; [G n: ZbHK ^ K = K y G LQ;%p G : GQK 9:<;%{<:K%=?N>:=A;&C^XBu@9 =Q:6^ G %Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY
_ G [GAG HJ
d ; j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
e
g :M
h K ` 96U D` v%n: ^^ ; yu<{
i K P: : }SG S9: G 6G; Z y H DQ{
k GQK&J HSH6G ZbHK [G K G
Frq L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
FuF K N G G K6Z HzG
Fr\ LQ; ^ > Yyu<C ln: ^ = l%{
Fr_ : H J: G HSK6Z 9: 6G ; y Zb HK DQK { K
F|d G%K%J HSHG Z?HK [G K G
Fre
Frg
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D| X Db'
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Ioo
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D|Q X DbQ
i i
hq
h F
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ } X
}
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Ioq
F &aQ6; [GcZ a6^ K = K y G LQ;%p G :Q GQK <{ K&N 9::;&;%<^T:=?9>=Q=A:6^CG B%D Qv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY
_ G [GAG HJ
d K = KG > G&HK 6; [G ^6^ Do`` HJ YYYY
e ; HJ
g j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
h
i G LQ;&p G : GQK aa D`` HG SS G L%L%;%;%pp G :: GQK yyQQ96Q&{B {B JH; Z ; yuH<{yu< {
k HG G G GQK JHZ H
Frq
FuF :M
Fr\ K ` & 9% D` v%n: ^^ ; yuaD%{ 9QQ ^6Do`S^ = > ya {
Fr_ K 6
#}SQ/ yEDQ{ 6}S&G ^ G `M^ G = Z > H yu<{ } K KG G&HK
F|d } K
P: GQK%J : HSH6G c&aQ6; [G y K G D3^6D3^ {
K G &
G
H K
Fre
Frg L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
Fh K N G G K6Z HzG
Fri LQ; ^ > Yyu<C l a6^ = l%{
Frk H J G HK6Z G Z K K
\uq : G%K%J : HSHG
&aQ; [G y K G D3^6D3^ {
\F
\u\
NC D% H7D
;?A?=D>D ?& HD
? E8E bei 5%EGE R 5 W 5) M.9 5E RW V Y%R7G>78 E +e%:8<i 5 e;$KS+T 5 ;:G E :8b; 5
b ^Xg
b `a
^ }
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io
!"q
i i
_7hi_
g |
` } X~e
#" !"
y&! $" Z!
2 y!"
B9 Z!
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Io
!"q "
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "Io
X? o
5 W 5 ?XB& HD V 5 EaE L>W 5E 5 W ++7G:G+_N3Y%R :G>W 5%E E8E :G' 5 ;$(e
78: 5 7GeL; 5 L>M'iU9Wi;) G
ae E M''e9 E "><)"N<; 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eM
){C
F ;%:Q; [G a;%:^ K = K yr G LQ;%p G : G%K <{ 9K%:N ;%:<;&:6=?>^X=A9=QC:6B^G 6%Qv6L G n KZ ; H
\ : 6; ^Do` YY
_ K Z?O [G HJ
d = > 6;^ ` ^%H@SJ Y` Y YY
e Kv%nK: G 6G&; HK [DoG ` YYH J
g ; G [GA` G YY HJ
h j6GUHMK HQJ
i LQ;&p : aD` S L%;%p : yU %U6&{B ; yu<{
k G G GQK a ` HG S G L%;%p G : GQK yQ9Q{B J; HZ yu<H {
Frq HG G G GQK JHZ H
FuF
Fr\ :M
Fr_ K ` U 9Q u^6Do`t= : ^ = yuaDQ{ & &&6&
F|d K }S }Do` v%n: K^^ ZbO; K yuaKDQ{ mU %U6& }
Fre G^ `t=G K : ZbOG ^ K =Z K H ya {
9Q } }
Frg
Fh X: : A;&:Q6;^%@S`Ay ^ K = KDG > G&^6HDK 3y<^ { 3^%@{
Fri GQK%J HAH6G [G K G
Frk L%= L y9=Q:^ v6L n ; {
\uq K N G G K6Z HzG
\F LQ; ^ > Yyu<C la;%:6^ = l%{
\u\ : H J: G HAK6Z ;%:%6; G y DK K^D3^ ^%@{
\u_ G%K%J HSHG [G K G
\d
\ue
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Dbs X D'
i i
7\&d b b^ bb }
7\&d b } g }
g |
` }X~e
y!"
s9 !
" y%!" B9 !" yZ!
B9 !" " y%!" B9 Z! 7!!"
2 y!"
s9 !
N/D% HD
E +g$7G EGEG E ;}M''eR>W ++ C
465 W 5 ;$ E8E +W 5E V>;z:G' 5 ;$ig$78 E8E T 5 ]i7G>7G+p
E +e%:8; 5
X
5 7#RW e;$ E :G'e: 5 C D 5 ; 5E EGE E e EE T 5,E RPMK E8E E ;+M' EGE
W 5E :G7U;ze 5 7 5 78WizC %q Cz7G'W<+'7 5 :8. 5 ;$ig$78 E8E T 5 ]i7GN 5 e9>+'; 5 t+M 5 eT 5 p
:G>7GW<'eM 189 GV[78 E +e%:U; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWiC o#iY%Ri 5 e E :87GZRW e}78zRWi
g$78 E8E T 5 78+MK+ 5 eMXC
F v%n: G 6; [GAG v%n: G ^Q^ Z ; H yr G LQ;%p G : G%9K :;%<<{:=?>K&N =A:;&CB^o! 9=Q:6^ G 6%QvL G n K6Z ; H
\ v%n: 6; Do` YY ` YY
_ G [GAG HJ G HJ
d ; j6GUHMK ` HQJ YY
e
g
h
i K :M Do` > v%n:yE{
k G HJ G
Frq
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N"
!"q/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N"
:8W3t]+W ]^'eM'R ; 5 e 5 e D:C'A? cAMCE HD C? E8E ^eV% 5 7G:8e%: 5 ] ;$ e'; 5 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U
eJ+g 7G EGE T 5 7G>M' 5 eM{C f 7U( 5 W<M':U7 5 eLVRW
?dW E >RK;V :G+W 5%E^5 eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM 7!#8
9: VY%R] E :Ue%:G E +W<+M'9e:8b 89:
.
GLC[2;$. +78+eS> 5 e E E :GF+W 5 ;+7[:G>7Z E >ReL;^7:86; 7 5 ;$RS+T 5 78+t:GK;(;$'1+7 E E
@HMH HD
1>_+ E C fZ5 7` E8E5 Vi+;)1>_bYRb 5 e%:G>+JRW> E W<+e%: 5 5 W EGE <7:8J;<7 5 ;$RLS+T 5 V
RWe 5 1 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eMy; 5 :G' 5 ]b78'; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"qI
i i
F 6n =L j =Q< G ^& HK =L K6Z L&: GG 9:;%<:=?>=ACB7 '
\ >n;&: ;
_ Z K j6GUH
d n Y LALQYQ=^Q^T ; v ^Xv%n: ;
e n JO Y Z LTv%n: 6; [[ [v%nGA:GD KG&Hv%n[ : G [G
g JO Z G [GAG G
h n Y LP ; yu; v%n: 6; Dv%n: 6; {
i JO Z [[ [G j6G&H
K G [GMG G [GMG
k ^ n :Cy {
Frq J G K
FuF G v&v&nn:: Do`` G D
Fr\ G G
Fr_
F|d
^g`$VP:G+78+W c7!"89# 5 e E :G78R'e; 5
@HMH HD ox'A66 HD
fZ5 7Jg$+W<M 5 V E 0:G'1>7GW 5E g$78 E8E T 5 5%E
DM
x'6A 6 HD 7U
; 5 E e E ; 5 :8. 5 [RW e 78JJ78.W<>.7U E5 WiVY%R^ 5E8E R; 5 E
5 W 5z M.9 5%E ViRW E +Re; 5 Y%R< 5E8E R DM 5 W 5 78'W)>.7 5 M'9 5 ViRW
`- 5 W 5E >ReL; 5& M.9 5 C? E8E E .:GRS+T 5 ]7G E >e:U;-e R7U-C."q CO.W< 5 7G:8e:8
e 5 :87FY%R(0781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+bW 5 e%:8;3;$ EGE J 5 78Wib78 E L>H:U3 E >W<e%:GK+b;$ E v;37U
g$78 E8E T 5 V 5 R E vVK^g]}:G7U:U; 5 W 5 RWi E RL+g 7G EGE T 5 Y%R} 5 78Wi-RW; 5%E
5 t+7U; 5 78 E 78# E >ReL;#;'S>T 5 5 W ` C l EGEG5 ]3W0R.: 5 'W< 5 7:Ue%:GVL 5 E RWi#781 5 7G
5 e E :G78R ;(;a 5 78W<J;$'1>7 E .78'JMH:8+7U7 5bE 'e >; 5 ^ 5 78Wi(;^I1IM.KS>T 5 ;(g$78 E p
D N/D V >D NC V
E T 5 Cd= <1>78;;$V<7G7GK)7UWi:8'>b:8+WYR E >7 5 e E :87GR ;<;$J 5 7GWi<<78 E +7817`
?=D>
78 5 7GK;;$b 5 7FW<+ 5 ;$ ;.1+7 E5%E e 1+ E ;eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eL E 5 W 5
+:8>Fb< EGEG5 K:G'1 ';;$J; 5Ea5 L>78; 5 78 E C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/
!"qo
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/
Z!
%2 %2
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G DbQ X D'Q
i i
E +e%:8e:8); 5 L>78S+T 5 E +7J+ :GRL; 5 R$:87 5 Y%R<]0RW N/D% HD VLY%R)78+78 E +e%:8z
g$78 E8E T 5bEG5 78 0YRLM 535 t+7U; 5 7d]JM'K+; 5 Cd eT 5 p{:8+78W)'eMJ3MK E8E ; 5 e0+7U; 5
E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5E e 5%E 7 5 7UWi E C o" bC o$C
F v%n: G 6; [G a=L K ;%:yE{ K%N :;U^T9=Q:6^ G96:%;%Q<:v6=?>L G =An KCZ B ; QH @
\ v%n: 6; ` YQY
_ G [GAG HJ
d ; j6GUHMK
e
g y
h
i K ` ZbHK L%; H ^ K = HK} G ` H6G
HK ; H ^ K 6; [G y K {
k ] ` ^ : <LQ; ^ = ` c : <; ^ 6; y {
Frq K K ZbH H K HK} G H6G K Z?H H K [G K
FuF ] ` YYLQ; ^ = ` t YYQ; ^ ; y {
Fr\ K bHJ H K HK} G H6G J H K [G K
Fr_ ] `AY&p=Y y YY{
F|d G J6G HJ
Fre ] 9% ` v%n: ^^ ; y YY6{ 9QQ
Frg }SG G G Z H HJ }
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db7 X D''
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "No
Fh {
Fri X
: QG K%J : H
G
Frk
? &? HD V
;? ?U HD VY%Ri7G+p
? E8E deLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM 5 ;$k78: 5 7GeL7y;$'1+7 EG5E :G' 5E ;$@e E C[7G'W<+'7 5 ] 5
^M']+W;$ EGE E e E V 5 & 5 ;$:UW0L]>W 7G+: 5 78e7 5E e E ; E U9W<; E 54(e
/89 G)eaM.'e9b">C= 5 78.W<>.7 5 + E5 V> 5 W 5 v`1 .W 5E VN 5 ;$>W 5%E :G>7BRW
x'A6 HD V>RW &? HD VIRW KHD HD)5 R)RW AMCXC HD V>Ve 5E >ReL; 5 + EG5 VY%RM'Y%R>7
M'.e9L"+ 5 Rb
:G' 5 7G+: 5 7Ge; 5 5 789U G VY%R E T 5 : 5 ; E EBE Rt+M' EGE E ;$ N/cD% HD CP R7U`C'">
7G E >e:Uz7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'> 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G J g$78 E8E T 5 ^gVZ ` ~ Y%R
R$:8.M'._N<;$.1+7 E5%E ; 5E e E ;$ E 78.: 5E C
' % MZ!
%K
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G Db X D'Q
i i
k na JO =Y YAZ LA^ LQ=YQ=^QLS^tYQ = H: <QM<t :^ ; `lEffS;>n Y : :^ ; DBs sQsQl
Frq ZbH L%; K 9K=%:6Z ^ :QK :;%Z?H:c`SGs Z H Z G G Z H X
FuF ZbH;K;Y = HK G<%: LQ;%p :QC RRSL%; :;QRYQRt=SLQp; HK: = [;;%^ : [GS:G ::L ;n^S:^ =!ZbH KQ; KZ LQ;^ ::;^
Fr\O; G HcYQ=[^ G&OQJ::;%:cG ` G YY HK G O GS[G G J G [GSG
Fr_ j6GUH K HJ
F|d
Fre RRT a ;> ; ;ml>= l =AL%YQ=^^ Y%= </B
Frg n G Y ZbH6LwG ^ = K LP[ p; >Z?H= [ y : <cG=Q:<^H { :;&^T9=Q:6^ v6L n ;
Fh JO Z K K6Z Z&[ ZbH K ZbH K&N G G KZ H
Fri ;;QY =
Frk O G HM[G&OJ <%=^t`ta=Y^ G
\uq O ;;QY G = HM[G&OJ <&: G LQ;%p G :
`Pa=Y^ G
\F K : ZbH <Aa Z Y G&H =?> G `llRR H ;?> GS[ ;T=Q: I%JZ p;S=A^ G :A= H =Y Z ^%= [ ;
\u\ Y%= H <Pn=Q:6^ G : RRP= H =Y Z ^%= [ ;%:cY%Qv Z LQ;QR^ ZbHKQK6Z LQ;
\u_
\d Z?H;Kc;Y Z = >^T`ta=Y^
\ue O G H G
\ug &6^ KG >B; JK Bn: ZbHK Y H y G :6^ Z ; H {
\h RQRSYQS;^on6=Q:?> GQK :;^Xn6=^^%= [ ;^Xn6=Q:=A;ALQ;?>n Z YQ= [ ;%:
\ui
a ;%:y `Ps ZT =Q:<^BY G&H < K%N! D Z ff{
\uk Z
_uq
_F Z ayu=Q:<6^< QZ&=^tB GQI&` J =Y: ^yl b[G&OQJ <%l%{{
_u\ [G&OJ K J6G
_u_ G aY^ G yu=Q:<6^ B =Y^yl <%: LQ;%p :QlQ{{
_d Z <%Z&: G GQLQI&;&Jp G :c` b[K G&: OQJ6J G G G
_ue
[ &
G
O J
_ug G Y^ G
_h %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H y?l^%=Q< GZ ^ =Qp=AYQ= H < b[G&OJ <& lf
_ui l b[G&OJ <&: G LQ;%p G : ZbH n JK a Z Y G l%{
_uk %
6
^ KG >B G v ZUK ys{
dq
dF
d\
d_ ay=Q:<^ Z& B GQI%J =Y^y?l l&{{
dud Z RRtYQ = := = n6= : ;
de %6^ KG >B; JK [ B|n: ZbG&HHKK Y H [ y?lE G = [6[ ZbH <aQ:;?>z^ K = H[ =Q: [
ZbH n JK BSBtBl&{
dg n6=Q:^ G :A` HG cYQ= H <Cy%^ KG >B ZbH {RRSLU: Z =t
dh
di
dk G Y^ G RRtYQ ;t=Q: p;
euq a Z Y G&H =b> G `P[ =Q:<6^I&J=Q:Z <6^BY G&H < K%N D
eF %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H y?lE G = [6ZbH <aQ:;?>
a Z Y G lfTa Z Y G&H =b> G fmlBtBSBl&{
eu\
eu_ K :An6 =Q:6R^ RS:AL&:` Z =tM YQ= <y =%p=CB ;B Y n : =?>yua Y =b> {Q{
ed G H6G H H6G Z Z G H JK K G Z G&H G
eue
L&= K L N y =Qp=CB Z ;B Z Y G 6; K ; JH[ v6L G n K6Z ; H!G {X
eug %^ >Bu; B|n: Y y?l Y lfPa Z Y G&H =b> G fml H ; K a; JH[ BEl%{
eh : GQK&J : H KG JK ZbHK H Z G
eui
euk
guq
gF
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N%q-
!"q
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 nx(V6^/z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N%q
<?A o ? o cDXD
EGE 7 5 7UYR.1 5 V;$+ 5 E V 5 W).MK7 5 7UYR.1 5 ]
Y%R^ 5 7U(g$ E :G 50E RP;$'7G+:G7G 5 V>Y%R 5 7878 E 5 e;$` 5 5 :8^;$^W< E W 5
e 5 W)zz 5 e%:G]>W E MK E8E E 78 >7G>e%:G E 5%E e E ;-781 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+C-=T 5 9e>e9 RWi
Wie>.7Ui;$ E t+78W 5E V 5 7>eY%Re%: 5 V E 3i7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>i 5 e E :87GR ;i 5 787G E 5 e;b 5
Y%R`;$ E *vW 5EZ5 R<eT 5 C l EGEG5E >78( 5 7U;; 5 e 5 > :GRM 5 q V 5 e;$a1+78+W 5E 5 W 5 'W<78.W<'7
<781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'>C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"N
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"N"
i i
Captulo 7
Exibio da rvore
Sinttica
=^ E :83+ :GRM 5 1+78+W 5E 5 W 5 1 E RM.'_>7#781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+i 5 e E :G78R ;it+M 5 e 5%EGEG5 m C
465 W E8E5 V% 5 ;$+W 5%E 1+78 >7 E (e 5%EGE b'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 ;)781 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+0 E :8) 5 7G78:UC
7:8.70;$ 5 7UVeT 5 R$:8.M''_>78+W 5%E Wi E5 7UY%R'1 5 C v vbL7U_+>7GW 5%E e 5E8E E 'W)M.+p
W<+e%:8S E Cd :G7UM.9 5 ; 5 m :8+78W<.e) 5 5 e E :87GR.7a37G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>3(3L7G:G'7F;$ E :8
W 5 W<+e%: 5 V$'7G>W 5%EaE >W)7G 5 e E :G78R.7`7 5 7UWi E Y%R:GRLW 5 W E Je>M'C
^M']+W ;$t+78W).:G'7<1+78 >S>T 5 ;i781 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>V 5 + ;. 5 W 5%E :878; 5 e E :G3> p
:GRM 5#E +781J 5 W 5 RWi<'e%:G7 5 ;RS+T 5 lJE ;$+Wi E E E ; 5 e 5E8E5 5 W<.MK; 5 7NCZ +g$.KS+T 5 ;
781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'>]F +:GR;( 5 7ZRW 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$FW<]: 5 ; 5%E YRaeM' E W 5%E e E ;(781 5 7G
; 5 :UW E S E eN E8E 78' E 7U+g '.pXM 5E %7U+;:8. 5 m ;$ eV%g$ E :8RW 5 RiWi E
W<]: 5 ; 5E 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G E CeM. E E +Wie:8'>}}>78S+T 5 ;$z$;$' 5E i7 5 + E8E W
g:8W<>e:8z;W< E Wi 5 7GWiC 4 ;-e;-7G1 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+-;$+1 E +7<1 E .:8; 5 R$:8.M'.p
_>e; 5)5E W<]: 5 ; 5E 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G E 5E :G' 5E ;$e E bYR(78>M.'_>W0:878<;$ E v;V
Y%R+7 E *v}eM' E E >Wie%:GK+Vy+7US>T 5 ;$#$;$' 5 VY%R+7 E *v E .W<M' E W<+e%:Gi}'W)7G EGE T 5
;<781 5 7G E 'e%:8:GK+C
">
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"q
!"N
i i
`&h=^iXi^
iSXdb[7g
`\[iSXd=:`S\&d b'[7S`
g` X:
b[7Sf
T7d:b'[7S gVU g
m +R'e; 5 Je RW<+7US>T 5 ;$ E 78.:8V 5 $:8+W 5E 7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>(; R7Ubq C'"CZ^WiJ1>_
+.:8-e RW<+7US>T 5 V1W 5%E g$''7)7G1 5 78iW &k
5E :G7Ue; 5-E NY +e+'M.W<+e%:8+;RW ; 5%E
XH
c D
e E C f 7Ub+;eLVW 5E :G7UW 5%E YRLMt] 50E +R<:8. 5 (YRL E@E T 5b5%E e W<+7 5E ; E +R Ed M.9 5E C
465 W 55E e E Y%R E T 5 eT 5zE T 5 e%RW)>78; 5E VPg$'.W
H
5%E ;.78: 5E +R 5 e%:8 ; 5 +W
1>_;$JW XH
5%E :8787 E >Re W<>7 5 C
i i
i i
i i
i i
:C
EF D<
7N 8
E6
S
LM24
:C :C WM24 T524
@N
J524
EF D< EF D< @N <B A? 67
E6 :9 :9 867 : 89
8 X ;< ;< :9 ;<
;<
3G2 3=2
:C
3J2
54 M4 332
54 :C
EF D< M4 @N 67 EF D<
B @N 867 <B A?
:9 :9 : 89 @
;< ;< :9 ;<
;<
` _^
ab =U2 3K2
:C M4 :C M4
c EF D< @N EF D< @N
efd B :9 :9
g ;< X ;<
h 3O2
kji :C Y4
ml EF D< ;;
\ :9
nqpo ;<
lr =32 3U2 O2
t sb [4 3W2 3T2 3L2 Q4 E: >4 G>?24 =>?24
:C EN 86 Y4 54 ?4 <8
R:
7NP 8 K524
@77 @77
3524
bp EF D< :B H B 67 67
S:E > N 86 867 : H; : 89 :H <B A? : 89
lu ]] 78 : 9X :9 : 9D ;I <B 8A? ;< ;I ;<
v_ :9 ;< ;< ;< :9 :9 :9
;< :9 ;< ;<
w ;< ;<
x ws_
=O2
vc [4
:C EN 86 :C
am EF D< S:E > EF D<
bl F] E6
X 78 8
c ] :9
e cr ;<
=G2
=K2 =W2 =T2 =L2 ==2
:C Y4 54 ?4 :C < 8Q 4 54
EF D< NE Z64 :B H EF D< R: 67
:9
;;
:9 867 <B A;? : 89
\ ;< : 89 ;< : 9D V ;<
;< ;< :9
;<
=J2
GU2 < 8Q 4
:C M4 R:
EF D< @N
:9 : H;
X ;< ;I
:9
;<
"
q " +
Z [
^
L
0
*$
6
a \
b
N l [
/ 6
|{
zF10 l1x0 (
+
O
u ^Z
i i
/ N
" !
"
q
"
&
%
+
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D' MX Db%
i i
|C=C
7 5 78W<3eM. E ; 5 eLT 5 5%EGE RP7UW<+:G7 5E V+e%:UT 5)5 78'W)>.7 50 M.9 5 eT 5 +g$ E :GJ :G+W 5%E
e 5 eiC
&? H7D +g$.K; 5 W 5%E :878^Y%RM] 5 :G' 5 ;$6eFG 5 e%:GK; 5 ke^M' E :UC fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 V
?& H7D Rv 5 M'9 5 ]<RW x'A6 HD C 465 W 5z5%E : 5 >e E eT 5}E T 5
4 ;
5 XH
eze W<>7 5 ">/z]0RW
@HMHQ HD +Rv 5EF M.9 5%E`E T 5<5E e E 0b/
)JRW DQ Y%Rb 5 787G E 5 e; 5iEG W0 5 M 5 z`C
e RW<+7U; 5%E VZL78>>W ;$'78: 5 eg$'KS+T 5 ;$ E +R E E C f[5 73+g >W<M 5 V 5 e-]#RW
?dW3 5 7Ub'W<M'+W<+e%:8S+T 5 ;g$'KS+T 5 ;b781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+JeT 53E *v( +.:83e 5 78Y%R'1 5
9 c
C v vV;$+1+W 5E _>+7FLNYR+e E MH:8+7US E e 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 78.e+.LMP; 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'M'; 5 767U
Y%R) E8E g$.'S>T 5zE *v# +.:8Cb7G'W<+'78z;$+MK E ])z'eM'R E T 5 ;0RWi 5 PS+T 5
e E M.'e9 E /<ii; 5 7 5 7UWi<q C'"C
F R RTn G aY ZbH6LwG ;^ >= K ;LP[ ;mp; l>= >Z?H= l [ y=A :L%YQ9=:<c^;%^ <G=Q::=?<Y%>=^=H <'C/{ BEB D :;&^T9=Q:6^ v6L n ;
\ J O Z K K6Z Z&[ ZbH K ZbH K&N G G KZ H
_ ;;QY =
d O ;;QY G = HM[G&OJ <<%&:=^tLQ;%`tp a:=
Y^ G`P a=Y^
e O ;;QY G = HMn[:G&OJ :G G`Pa=Y^ G
g O G H ZbHK K GG G
h K : ZbH <Aa Z Y G&H =?> G `llRR H ;?> GS[ ;T=Q: I%JZ p;S=A^ G :A= H =Y Z ^%= [ ;
i Y%= H <Pn=Q:6^ G : RRP= H =Y Z ^%= [ ;%:cY%Qv Z LQ;QR^ ZbHKQK6Z LQ;
k
Frq Z?HKcZ
FuF O ;;Y G = H >^T`ta=Y^ G
Fr\ &6^ KG >B; JK Bn: ZbHK Y H y G :6^ Z ; H {
Fr_ RQRSYQS;^on6=Q:?> :;^Xn6=^^%= ;^Xn6=Q:=A;ALQ;?>n YQ= ;%:
F|d a;%:y Z `Ps ZTGQ K =Q:<^BY G&H < K%[ N! D Z ff{ Z [
Fre
Frg
Fh Z ayu=Q:<6^< QZ&=^tB GQI&` J =Y: ^yl b[G&OQJ <%l%{{
Fri [G&OJ K J6G
Frk G aY^ G yu=Q:<6^ B =Y^yl <%: LQ;%p :QlQ{{
\uq Z <%Z&: G GQLQI&;&Jp G :c` b[K G&: OQJ6J G G G
\F
[ &
G
O J
\u\ G aY^ G yu=Q:<6^ B =Y^yl n: : l%{{
\u_ Z n: Z& : GQI&J ` : Z?HK K GG
\d ZbHK K GG K J6G
\ue G Y^ G
\ug
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"q/
!"No
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "q/
\h %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H y?l^%=Q< GZ ^ =Qp=AYQ= H < b[G&OJ <& lf
\ui l <&: LQ;%p : n: : n a Y l%{
\uk %6^b[KG&G >OJ B G v Z&KG ys{G ZbHK K GGQmZbH JK Z G
_uq
_F
_u\ ay=Q:<^ Z& B GQI%J =Y^y?l l&{{
_u_ Z RRtYQ = := = n6= : ;
_d %6^ KG >B; JK [ B|n: ZbG&HHKK Y H [ y?lE G = [6[ ZbH <aQ:;?>z^ K = H[ =Q: [
ZbH n JK BSBtBl&{
_ue n6=Q:^ G :A` HG cYQ= H <Cy%^ KG >B ZbH {RRSLU: Z =t
_ug
_h Y^
_ui G G RRtYQ [ ;t=Q: I&JZ p;
_uk a Z Y G&H =b> G `P=Q:<6^=Q:<6^BY G&H < K%N D
dq %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H y?lE G = [6ZbH <aQ:;?>
a Z Y G lfTa Z Y G&H =b> G fmlBtBSBl&{
dF
d\ K :An6 =Q:6R^ RS:AL&:` Z =tM YQ= <y =%p=CB ;B Y n : =?>yua Y =b> {Q{
d_ G H6G H H6G Z Z G H JK K G Z G&H G
dud
L&= K L N y =Qp=CB Z ;B Z Y G 6; K ; JH[ v6L G n K6Z ; H!G {X
de %^ >Bu; B|n: Y y?l Y lfPa Z Y G&H =b> G fml H ; K a; JH[ BEl%{
dg : GQK&J : H KG JK ZbHK H Z G
dh
di
dk
euq ^ 6; :;; ` YQY
eF n=QZ :6K^ G :C[B [G G&OJ <%K : G L%H;%pJ G :m` [GUOJ <%: G LQ;%p G :C
eu\
eu_ Z ay [G&OJ <%=^{n6=Q:^ G :/B [Z ^%= O Y G K :=L ZbH <Cy{oRR [G ^%= O B(p G : O ;^ GS[ ;P
ed
eue K :M: ;; `Xn6=%:6^ :/Bn:;%<:=b>yE{ RRtL =b>=M;> ; ; a=QVS=t= Y ^
eug K G N K [ I%J6G H6 Z G
eh L&= L yr9=Q:6^ 6%QvL n ; {
eui K N G G K6Z HzG
euk &6^ KG >B G ::/Bn: ZbHK Y H y G Br< GQKQG ^^%=Q< G y{{
guq
gF a ZbH =YY&c
gu\ %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H yrn6=Q:6^ G :/B K ; j6G&H ^Q; J :L G Ba6; JH[ G v%::;%:Cy{cf
gu_ l v L%=YT::;%:6^Pa; l&{
gd %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: ZbHK Y H yrn6=Q:6^ G :/BLQ;G HK Z 96=Q:6^ G ::;%:f JH[
gue lo% HK =L K6Z LT::;%:^Ta; JH[ l%{
gug
gh
gui RRPp : a L%=c^ n; >n: > :M= :p;%: ^ L%=
guk aZ yn6G =%:6Z ^ GZ :/B K ; j6G G&H [^Q;GcJ :Z L G BaZ ; JZ H[ G vQ ::;%:G yE{ ZbHK%K6Z
hq fTn=Q:6^ G :CBLQ; HK 9=Q:6^ G ::;%:
``Ss Pn: ZbHK K : GG {
hF
h\ 9: : n: ` S9: : yE{
h_ n: KZ?HB|nK : ZbHGQKG 6;; KK yu:;H6; KG { ZbHK RRAGGL N =b>=o> K ; [ ;Tn=Q:= Z >n: Z > Z : :p;%: G
hrd
he
hg RR>= ZbH
huh
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D'Q X DbQ
i i
7H
7G'W<+'780]V E +W; 1 ';V Wi E +M'+e%:GV% 5 E W<e%:G]+W M 5EG5 3;)7 5 78W<S+T 5
5 78'+e%:8;0 5 $v*: 5E C f[5 7G]>W}V+R E 0RW++7G: 5 :G7Ue E : 5 78e 5 Y%Re; 5 :G>W 5E Y%RbM.:G>787 5 R
5 7G78''76e 5%EGE 0.W<M'+W<+e%:US+T 5 V 5 E E :8) E :80 E M'9;3 5 7^;.1+7 E5%E 78Y%R'1 5%E ;$. +78+ep
?QDXD
:G E Cb E +Re;VPt E 7J;$<;$ E +M'+%e%:GVt;.W<'e%R 5 E 5 7US 5 7GNYR+78'; 5 7UiWie%:8+78W 5%E
&<:?A o ? o DXD
e 5%EGE .W<M'+W<+e%:US+T 5 C# EGE .W}V[1W 5E +7GK7RWi+M' EGE ;$+e%:G7 5 ; 5 5 :G
?DXD N/?& ?
V>YR`]`7G E 5 e E I1>M 5 7kg$..7@J7G1 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+C= E M'.e9 E q
qo(; 5
7 5 78W<bq$C."`]+7GK; 5 RW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :8. 5 U9Wi; 55 W<]: 5 ; 5
EGE e; 5 p E 5 W 5 78RW<>e: 5i5 e78._3;#781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+V78: 5 78e; 5 t+M 5 m CP= 5 :8
Y%RJ E8E 5 t+7US>T 5)E < 5 ;+7U E +7a78>M''_>; E 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$J+787 5%E >e 5 e%:G7U; 5%E e E ep
M' E E M']g$K+) E 'e%:8:8'>0 5 7`_+>7 5 C
= E 78Ig 'Wi EFE NS E V$W 5E :G7U78+W 5E 5 W 5 <+M' EGE ?QDXD ]J'W<M.>W<+e%:8;C
E :G78R$:GR78<;<MK E8E ( 5 ;$ E +7a7G>78 E +e%:8;0 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78W<<q C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"qo
!"N%q
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "qo
N/ ?& ?
78Ig$.W 5 e) E +7Fe%RW)>78; 5 Cd 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7@;3+M' EGE E 'W)M. E W<+e%:8'e'+'M.'_>b E8E 1IM 5 7
+W"C@W<]: 5 ; 5 78>>L^ 5 W 5 78W<:G7 5J5 eb7U'_^;b7G1 5 78a^.eLRW0L+p E
>BXD C
A D o C c ?& HD N/ ? C'A D o C c ?& H7D
;$<U9Wi7 5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E Y%R)1IT 5 e RW<>787 )g$'.7 5%E e E ;z7G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+VBY%R E T 5
C-? E8E }W<]: 5 ; 5 ]U9W<; 5
t+M 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7a78)+g NR$:U7`)g$''S>T 5 ;<781 5 7GV% 5 W 5 1 .W 5E e 5 7 5 7UWi)q$C."C
:G78.R.7^ 5 eiYRM.9( 5 B E8E ; 5 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5)5 1IM 5 7`;)1I7GKI1>M m
'e+7G>W)>e%:87 em
U9LWi7 5%E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E 7U3e RW<>78S+T 5 V E8E e; 5 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5)5EF M'9 5%E ; 5 e
Y%RM'9J 5 y E8E ; 5 5 W 5 78RW)>e%: 5 C
XH =D:DACE HD
>B=D
f 7U 5 ;+7#:87G'R'7)RW e W<+7 5 5 eLVd1W 5E W 5 ;$ +7<MK E8E V
'eM'R'e; 5 RWiie 5 1)178'I1+M 78<78Wi_>+e7F EGE <'e$ 5 78WiS+T 5 C@ e 5 1Ii+M' EGE
]JW 5E :G7U;0e 5 7 5 78W<<q C /C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"q
!"N
i i
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G :YQ=^Q^U6; [ %6; [G 9yu:;%YQ<=:^=?^b>6= ; [ 'CQB ; [G v{
\
_ Z a-y vS`Q` HJ YYM{: GQK&J : H
d v/B >HJ > O6:G:MYQ=`^^Ujj LQfQY&f ^ 6; yuv/BL%Y ^ {
e HJ > O6G :Q=Q:Q L%GY& ^ Z 6K; [yv/G BpY ^ Z {K
g HJ > O6G :; ^ G : L Z K LQY&[G ^ 6; Z yuKv/BL Y ^ {
h HJ O6G H K J K G Z K [G K Z K
i HJ > O6G : GQK%N ; [ G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/B >Y Z ^ K {
k
|CXC
P2
l eKKM'W)>e%:GV1+78 + E 5 1M 5 7 EGE ; 5 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5 eT 5 ] C l EGEG5 ])e+p
|C=C
EGE 78 5 V[ 5 E M'Re E e E 5%EGE R>W M.9 5%E Y%Rz 5 ;$>W 5 R,eT 5 7GN>7>C Re; 5 eLT 5
L78>>W}V E +R1M 5 7#] C f 7U+1 H:U78W 5E 1+78 >S>T 5 7U: 5 ;U9Wi;,;$
W<]: 5 ; 5 +.:8L7U 5E e EJ M'9 5%E VZe E 'eM'R W 5%E e 5 .e 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 VZ EGE 'W U9p
Wi; E >W)7G ]^ +.:837U 5%E e Ek M'9 5%E C m +M' E eT 5 +g$ E :G'7G>W}V 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5)E 'W<M. E W<>e:8
78: 5 7GeLV E >We;0_+>7>C
>BXD
(
?dW E >RK;V+M'#:G78'Rk78}178'I1+M ; 5}5 $v*+: 5 Y%R< 5 dL E8E ; 5 5 W 5
78RW)>e%: 5J5 1M 5 7@; ^'e78+W<>e:U C[?dW E +R';VU9W<JL7U+;JRW ; 5EdE +R E
M'9 5Ea5%E W<]: 5 ; 5%E 7G E t>:G'1 5%E Y%RJ_+>W)e%RW)>78S+T 5 C
XH
A>BXD C'A H< HD o C? 5 7G78 E 5 e;$
= 5 :GY%R W0R.:8 E 1+_+ EF5E6 M'9 5E ;$(RWe)eT 5 5E8E R+W e W<+7 5E 5 e E NR$:8.1 5E C[= 5
A>BXD C
A H<6 H7D
=T 5 1IW 5E W 5E :G7U7YR 5E W<]+: 5 ; 5E 7Uz: 5 ; 5EJ5%E :G' 5E ;$e E V 5 EbE T 5 : 5 ; 5%E
W3RH: 5E 'W<M. E iW0RH: 5 78>+'; 5E 5 W 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R#;$ E +7G+p
?U HD C
1>W 5E e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:GC dW 5%E L>e E 5 W<+e%:87 M.Re E + EG5E E t>K E Cb7G'W<+'7 5 ]
78 +78+e%:8J 5E e E ; 5 :G' 5
465 W 5 v E t+W 5%E VRW ?U HD&E >7G1J7Ui7GRL7^;$'1>7 EG5E e E ; 5 W< E W 5 :G' 5
?& HD
e} 5 7GWi;RWiM' E :8C& E8E .W}Vk 5 1 E .:87GW 5%E RWe&;$ EGE i:8. 5 VdY%R>7G>W 5%E V[e1+7Gp
;;$V 1 E .:87F+;b>M.>W)>e%: 5 YR 5 W< JbM' E :8Cd W<]+: 5 ; 5 YRe RW<+7UbRW
;$>1+78KV +e%:8T 5 V EGE +W<+M'97p E ( 5 W 5 7 5 7UWi)q$C oC
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G :Q Z ^ K 6; [G yr Z ^ K 9:; ;%[<G :=?v>{ ='CB
\
_ Q
R Z aR y>vA:`Q=t` Hv/J B YQYc; {o: GQK&J : H
d HJ G H [G
e HQJ > O6G :% Z ^ K ; [G yuvCB H6G v K {
g
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"qq-
!"N
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "qq
HD 78Y%R 5%EGE W 5E U9Wi7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 7G78: 5 7U E8E i:G' 5 ;$eC?eLT 5
M.>H: 5 7^ 5 ;$L>78++t+7 5 7 5 M'+Wi)e<M.'e9#C f 7GN E W 5%E`E L>7Y%RM] 5 :G' 5 ;$
&? HD
fZ5 73 E8E5 V78>+ E W 5%E :G>73RWW<]: 5 ; 5 7Ue RW<+7U70+;:G' 5 ;$#M' E :8-YR# 5%EGE
C'A6D o CE HD C` E8E .W}VBU9W<W 5E L7U# E8E " c?& HD&5 W<]+p
L78>>7ae)e 5E8E <7G1 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+C f[5 7`g$+W<M 5 V 5 e)7U'_;i781 5 7G ]RW
: 5 ; 5>BXD C'AD o C b ? HXD V8W 5E :G7U; 5 E +R.7NV>e 5 7 5 7UWi^q C C 465 W 5^E L>W 5%E
Rv 5E +M'+W<+e%: 5E(E T 5
Y%R E +R E +M'+W<+e%: 5%E^E T 5#E +W<78 C'AMD o CE HD V 5 ;$+W 5E U9Wi7 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 5 787G+: 5
78-e RW<+7UprM 5%E V@Y%R] 5m>BX D C
AD o CE HD CdM'e 5 :87#Y%R 5- M.9 5 HD ;
MK E8E ?& H7D 5 y;$>+M'78; 5 5 W 5XX D D AMCE HD V 5 7F E8E5 V 7GN E W 5E R$:8.M''_>7FRW
5 t+7U; 5 7a;$,
5 U9W<7GW 5%E8>BX D C'A D o C HXD eL0M''e9iC
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G :YQ=^Q^U G LQYU Z ^ K 9:; ;%[<G :y=? >Z =^ K 'C6;Bu [G v{
\
_
d v/Z aB yuvA> `` :MHQJ` YY6{ofQf: GQ K%J : H
e HJ O6G jj
g HJ >> O6G ::YQYQ==^^^U^U G LQLQY&Y&6 ; [^ G 6y; yYQ=yuv/^^UB G vLQY&{; [G {Mv/B H ; [G {
h HJ O6G G Z K [G HG K
i
?& HD >BXD C'AD o C c?& HXD M' E :8b;C C'A6D o CE HD V
f 7U 5 e 5E8E5 m V[:G>W 5%E0E :8#:8. 5E ;$ E :8.e%: 5E ;$M' E :8 E Vd 5 7G:8e%: 5 V E +:GzW)]+: 5 ; 5%E
>BXD ? o U? MD o C ?U HD M' E :8;$ ? o ?UD o CE HXD V >BXDDX? HQMD o C!
V
c?& HD M' E :8;$ D7? HQD o C HD V >BXD=;:?A?=D
>D? ?b HD M' E :Uz;$ ?A?=DK
>D:?& HD w >BXD 6 N/D ?U H7D M' E :U); N/D% HD C
^W 5 R:G7 5 5 e%: 5 5 W 5 Y%RMt;$+1+W 5E :8+7FRK;; 5bE T 5 Y%R+M' E e E Y%R`:+ I W 5 W 5J p
M'9 5 M'RW e^; 5 :8. 5/;:?A?=D> D :&? HD C f[5 7Bg$>W)M 5 V+78Fe RW<+7U7yRW D7Q? H H< H7D V
:G>W 5Ea5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWi)q$Cq$C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G : GQK%N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [9G :y ;%<GQ:K%=?N >; =[ 6'C; [B(' Q; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d v/B >HJ > O6:QG :M=Q:Q` jL%jY&fQf^ 6; yv/B|n6=Q:=b>{
e HJ > O6G : = G > Z 6K; [yuv/G B^ = {
g HJ O6G K KG G&HK [G K K
h
?dM')U9Wi >BXDX ;?A?=D>D ?U H7D 78#e%RW)>787#L7G:G3;z781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+# 5 7Gp
78 E 5 e;$+e%:8( 5 E 6 5 Wie; 5 E 6; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Cks EF5 Y%RJ;$+1 _+>7F EGE (W)]+: 5 ; 5 465 W 5
5 7N b?A? eLT 5
1 .W 5%E V;+1<e RW<+7U7 5 eY%R<M.90 5 d EGE ; 5 5 W 5 78W<:G7 5 V>e:UT 5 VU9Wi7 5%E
W<]: 5 ; 5E 78Je RW<>787G>W 5E@E >R EZ M'9 5E C fZ5 78]+W}V 5 e0YR^] 5 e%:U; 5
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"q
!"N
i i
Y%RF_>+W 5E V>e:UT 5 V]^78'7RW >BXDX;?A?=D>D?& H7D Y%R E 'W<M. E W<>e:8`U9Wi
5 R:G7 5E W<]: 5 ; 5E E t> H 5E V;$>L>e;$>e; 5 ; 5 :G' 5 ; 5 eY%RM'9b]bL E8E ; 5 5 W 5 7GR$p
W<+e%: 5 CZO 5 Y%RJ]e 5%E W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78W<<q C C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G : K = KG > G&HK 6; [G 9y: ;%K <= :K=?G >> = G&H'CK Bu ; [G v{
\
_ Z a-> yuv :%Zb6H Y^ K;=L H 6L G; ;%aSyc6Yy6;LYQj;6L ; [6G; { {Xv{
d HQJ O6G j [G j [G
e G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS=Q:% LQY&; {
g Z > :%ZbH =Q:QK H LQY&G 6; y
yrG =Q:Q [LQGY&6; {Tv{
h HQJ O6G G [G G [G
i G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aA : 6; {
k Z > :QZbH :K H 6G; ycK yu ZbO: [6G; {Xv{
Frq HQJ O6G K ZbO [G K ZbO [G
FuF G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%a
&aQ; {
Fr\ Z > :ZbH&aQ6K ; H G yMy&aQ6; [G{Xv{
Fr_ HQJ O6G [G [G
F|d G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aA;%:%6; {
Fre Z > :QZbH;%:QK 6H; G yMyu;%:%6; [G {Xv{
Frg HQJ O6G [G [G
Fh G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS9: 6; {
Fri Z > :%Zb9H : K H 6G; ycy9Z?H: K [6G; {Xv{
Frk HQJ O6G ZbHK [G ZbHK [G
\uq G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS6;Un6; {
\F Z > :%Zb6H ;UnK 6H; G yMy6;Un6; [G {Xv{
\u\ HQJ O6G [G [G
\u_ G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS = 6; {
\d Z > :%ZbH K= H; G yMyG [= 6[; G {Tv{
\ue HQJ O6G G [ [G G [ [G
\ug G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS : 6; {
\h Z > :%ZbH K H: 6G ; y
GQK&yJ H : [6G ; {Tv{
\ui HQJ O6G GQK%J H [G GQK%J H [G
\uk G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%ac n :Q6; {
_uq Z > :ZbH nK H:%6G; ycJ y G n :Q[6G; {Xv{
_F HQJ O6G J G [G J G [G
_u\ G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS: = 6; {
_u_ Z > :%ZbH : K = H 6G; ycyG : j = [6G; {Xv{
_d HQJ O6G G j [G G j [G
_ue
>BXD HD
o HD
?,7U(+;:8. 5 E t> . 5 ;^ 5 Wie; 5 V:G+W 5%E RWW<]: 5 ; 5 5 W 5(5 V
Y%RJe RW<+7U0RWei; 5 :8. 5 f 7 5 7UWiiq C C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D' cX D D
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "q
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G :6&aQ6; [G y&a%6; [G 9:v;%{ <:=?>='CB
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d v/B >HJ > O6:QG v%:Mn:` jj; fQfyu vCB v%n:{
e HJ > O6G : = G > [G 6; G yuv/B^ = D%{
g HJ > O6G : K = KG > G&HK 6; [G yuv/B^ K = K {
h HJ O6G K KG G&HK [G K K
i
;:?A?=D
>D?& HD5 5 7G78&:UW0L]>W 5 W 5
NCD% H7D N/D% HD 5 ;$+W}VFe7GNM'';;$Vd:G>7#;$.p
W< E W 5 7 5 M'+WiY%R 5 5 787G 5 W 5
I
1>7 EG5E :8. 5E ;$ M.9 5E V% 5 W 5@HH HD V QcA6=
< HDi5 R ? o6 ?A?& H7D V> 5 7@g$>W)M 5 C
C= E Y%R: >W 5 W 5& M'9 5 RW
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G :Qv%n: G 6; [G yv%n9: :G ;%6<; :[=?G>=v{'CBEDbs
\
_ Z a-> yuv :%ZbH ^ 6K = H L G ;%L aS; G y
OQyG L K66 ; [G {L 6; {Tv{
d HQJ O6G G O6QG K [G G OQG K [G
e G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS ::=Q%6; {
g Z > :%ZbH K H:Q:=QG Q6; G ycy Q:[:G=QQ; {Pv{
h HQJ O6G G [G G [G
i G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS Y%= ; =Y&6; {
k Z > :%ZbH KYQ= H G; =YU6;G K6y
Z yH Y%= [G; =Y&6; {Tv{
Frq HQJ O6G G KZ H [G G K6Z H [G
FuF G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aA 6; {
Fr\ Z > :QZbH K 6H; G yMyu [[ 6; [G {Xv{
Fr_ HQJ O6G [[ [G [[ [G
F|d G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%a Y 6; {
Fre Z > :ZbH KY H; G yMQy J KY 6[; G {Tv{
Frg HQJ O6G QJ K [G QJ K [G
Fh G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%at =%:Q6; {
Fri Z > :&ZbH K=Q:H%6;G ycH yr =Q:Q[6G; {Xv{
Frk HQJ O6G H [G H [G
\uq G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aM=YQY&6; {
\F Z > :ZbH=KYY&H; G yMy=YY&6[; G {Tv{
\u\ HQJ O6G [G [G
\u_ G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%a
; ^ 6; {
\d Z > :ZbH K H; G^ 6; HK ycyH K ; [G^ ; {Pv{
\ue HQJ O6G HK H K [G HK H K [G
\ug G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%ac : <; ^ 6; {
\h Z > :ZbH :K H <G ; ^ 6K ; ZbH ymyH K: [<G; ^ ; {Pv{
\ui HQJ O6G K ZbH H K [G K ZbH H K [G
\uk G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%aS YQYQ; ^ 6; {
_uq Z > :%ZbH KYYQH; G ^ ; J y
yH KYY%[; G ^ 6; {Tv{
_F HQJ O6G J H K [G J H K [G
_u\ G a-Y^ G yuv ^ = L ;%a
vQ6; {
_u_ Z > :ZbH K Hv%6G; ycHy[ G vQ[6G; {Xv{
_d HQJ O6G H[G [G H[G [G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!"N
i i
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[THJ > O6G : [[ ; [G yu [[ 6; 9[:G ;%<v:{=?>='CBEDD
\
_ v/Z a-B yu>vA`:M` H` J YY6fQ{f: GQK%J : H
d HJ O6G jj
e HJ >> O6G :Q:Qv%v%nn:: G ;; [G yuyuvCvCBB G v%v%nn:: DQ{{
g HJ O6G G [G G
h
= E NS+T 5 q$C."C `1+78+W 5%E E +Re;`7:86; 5 7 5 + E8E5 ;$6g$''S>T 5 ;^781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+V
Y%R E T 5<5E W<]: 5 ; 5E Y%RJW 5E :G7UW>;)RW; 5E e E C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ n: ZbHK YQ=^^b6; [ Q; [G 9y:YQ;%=<^:^U=?>; =[ Q'C6BE; D [ G v{
\
_ Z a-y vS`Q` HJ YYM{: GQK&J : H
d %%^^ KG >>BuBu;; JK B|B|nn:: ZbHK Y yHv/yEB { > :fml YQ=^^U6; Q6; ``Q` lf
e KG yuv/BJLQKY ^ ZbH`QK` HYQJ YO6
G l YYl : [<CBp=[Y G %aCyuvC} BLQY ^ B > :{{
g fmltlZ f K HJ HJ K ZbH JG Z K HJ O6G
h yuv/BrpY Z ^ K `Q` HJ YQY
l HJ YYl K : ZbH <CBp=Y JG %aCyuvCBpY Z ^ K B HJ > O6G :{{
i m
f ltlf
k yuv/BL K Y Z ^ K `` HJ YQY
l HQJ YYl K : ZbH </Bp=Y J6G %aCyv/BL K Y Z ^ K B HQJ > O6G :{Q{
Frq fmltlf
FuF yuv/B >Y Z ^ K `Q` HJ YQY
l HJ YYl K : ZbH <CBp=Y JG %aCyuvCB >Y Z ^ K B HJ > O6G :{{{
Fr\
Fr_ n: Y%=^^U LQY& ^ 6; yuv/BLQY ^ {
F|d n: ZbHK =%:Q LQGYU ^ Z K; [yuvCG BpY ^ Z {K
Fre n: ZbHK ; ^ G : L Z K L%Y&[G ^ 6; Z yKv/BL Y ^ {
Frg ZbHK H K J K G Z K [G K Z K
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N"
!"N/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N"
J
?U HD V N/D% HD
E8E 'W}V eT 5 :8+W 5E W3R.: 5 W< E b+7G E ++e%:87 ;$ E +7GKS+T 5 ; 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E Y%R^+g 't+W
;:?A?=D>D:?& HD Y%R _+>W 5E e E >S>T 5 q C'"C'"C 465 e%:8R; 5 V E +78K0'e%:G>7G EGE e%:G(78 E8E MH:U7 5
781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+C m T 5 1M''; 5%EB5%E 5 W)>e%:878 5EBEG5 78 5E e E ; 5 :8. 5
;; 5/J YR+M' E e E Y%R` 5E8E R>W M'9 5%E ; 5 :8. 5o 6 D C 465 W 5 EGE E e EZ M'9 5%E
:G7U:UW<+e%: 5
eT 5 5%EGE R+We RW<+7US+T 5 VFg$'.W 5%E ;$'7G+:8W<>e:8 E >R 5 e%:8
H; 5 V 5 R E vV 5 5 e%:G'H; 5
; E RL178'I1+M
>MA MD Y%RW 5E :G7U&Y%RMF 5 5E W3 5 M 5 5 e E RW<K; 5 eL+e%:878;}Y%R
5 78''e 5 R 5 : 5 >eBC fZ5 7i+g$+W<M 5 Vd78 5 e C' A MD o CE HD VB:8+7 W 5E05 W<]: 5 ; 5 ; 5
7 5 78W<<q C'">/C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ n: ZbHK YQ=^^b G LQY&; [G 9y:YQ;%=<^:^U=? >G = LQY&'C6BE; Db[@ G v{
\
_ Z a-y vS`Q` HJ YYM{: GQK&J : H
d %%^^ KG >>BuBu;; JK B|B|nn:: ZbHK Y yHv/yEB { > :fml YQ=^^U L%Y&6; ``Q` lf
e KG JKv/B =b>ZbHK B >=%H< J O6fmG ltlf G [G }
g H G Z G
yv/B^ J n G : H =b> G `` HJ YQYml HJ YYl v/B^ J n G : H =b> G B Z >=%< G {Af
lSlf
h yv/B O ; [ A`` HJ YY
l HJ YYl K : ZbH </Bp=Y J6G %aCyv/B O ; [ /B HJ > O6G :{{{
i
k
Frq n: ZbHK Y%=^^U6; [ Q6; [G yuv/B O ; [ {
FuF
- D
? E8E bW<]+: 5 ; 5 +g 't 5 :G' 5 V 5 eVL3M 5 5 >W E >RK;Vg$.t 5 1M 5 7; 5E +R78'W)>.7 5
M'9 5 VdY%R]RW e-; 5 :G' 5 Z)[^f_eZ
bf:^_e&M.'e9-
C? E8E 1M 5 7NVd;; 5 5 7
E <M''>z 5E +Re; 5z M'9 5 V 5 e%:8; 5 t+MK1I7GKI1>M NDcA'>D iY%Ri 5 7G78 E 5 e;$) 5
5 7G78 E 5 e;$# 5 e 5 W);&+M' EGE Y%R 5 a;$>+M'78;e 5 7 5 7UWipX 5 e%:GC l E : 5 :UW3t]+W
e 5 W); E Rt+7UMK E8E J;<MK E8E (;$NMK7U;0bY%RJ 5 ;$ 5 RzeLT 5 E :87`7G E >e%:GC
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }X~ X
}
i i
7 5 7UWi;$F78:G:*pr78.e%:`Y%R 7 5 ;$R_ 5 W 53E ; 5 7 5 78W<p{ 5 e%:GF 5 78Wi:8; 5
;b 5 78; 5 5 WM.RWi E 7G>7U E ;$J'e;$+e%:US+T 5 m
5 e E :G78RS>T 5 ; 5 78 5 ;(L P R$g 5 ;$ 5 e%:G7 5 M'; 5 7 5 7UWiC,? E8E z:8. 5 ;$}7U 5 ]
W0R.: 5 H$:8.MF78}:G'1%K;;$#;$i:8 E :GVZ78'e'M'W<+e%:G#Y%Re; 5 } E :8 E E8E5 +'
'e$ 5 7GWiS>T 5<E5 78J)R$:8.M''_>S>T 5 ; E 17GKI1> E m
>MKRM 5 ;< 5 W<M.+g$';;$b; 5 7 5 78W<V$ 5 W 5 eX H W<+7 5 ;$M.'e9 E ;$b+ ;. 5 V 5 W)p
M.+g K;;$bKM 5 Wi:8'>V$ 5 W<M.+g$';;$;$
j M E :GN;z:UC
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ }X X
}
i i
Ou
Z^ +([60/ 1xl 01F
z|{b\l6aN$*0L^[+Z "N/
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N,
!"N
i i
U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX Y
U ^ _Y \ g=_`S ^ \&a7_=X a7^&S^
OU a b=i S ^ \&a7_
T7d_ ^ \&a7_ =X
U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX a
U a b=iS ^ \&a7_
T7d_ ^ \&a7_ =X X
U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX f
X U a b=iS ^ \&a7_
T7d_ ^ \&a7_ =X :} [Xch=h
:} U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX ^
X~ U a b=iS ^ \&a7_ S7^&S_f:_[7S ^ \=aX_ XX X [XhXh
X U ^ \=a7_=X X [XhXh
U _7h=^&S:b\[^7h ^ \=a7_XX X
U ^7hXh ^ \&a7_XX b[:i_&d=S
OU 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX S
U a b=iS ^ \&a7_
T7d_ ^ \&a7_ =X [Xch=h
U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX Y
U [7S \[iS ^ \=aX_X=
X U d:b[7S ^ \=a7_X= :}
:} U SXd:b[7 \[:iS ^ \=a7_XX
h=_f:_[7S\X^_ b=iS_ # [
X~ U a b=iS ^ \&a7_ S7^&S_f:_[7S ^ \=aX_ XX X
X U SXd:bg ^ \=a7_X=
U 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX b
U ^7hXh ^ \&a7_XX SXd_X_TXd:b[7S
OU 7^&d ^ \=aX_XX S
U a b=iS ^ \&a7_
T7d_ ^ \&a7_ =X [Xch=h
U [7S \[iS ^ \=aX_X=
U a b=iS ^ \&a7_ S7^&S_f:_[7S ^ \=aX_ XX X [XhXh
X U _&S=7d=[ ^ \=a7_XX :}
:} U [7S \[iS ^ \=aX_X=
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"No
!"N%q
i i
Captulo 8
Tabela de Smbolos
=^ E :86> :GRM 5 :878:878+W 5%E ;$@RWi^; E Wi E .W< 5 7G:8e:8 E E :87GR:GR7U E 7U`Y%R E @ 5E8E W
78>M''_>7 E 7GIg$'Wi E :U E ;} 5 W<'MKS+T 5 C<? E8E E :87GR$:8R7Uz]#U9LWi;;$<:Ut+MK;$
EG W0 5 M 5%E V1% E : 5
H
Y%Ri78 e 5%E e 5 W) E ; 5%E ;$'1+7 EG5E +M'+W<+e%: 5E R$:8.M''_>; 5E e 5 7 5 7UWip
5 e%:8V 5 W 5 +M' EGE E V 178'I1+ E JW<]: 5 ; 5E C
l eKKM'W)>e%:GV[W 5E :G7U78+W 5E M'Re E g$+W<M 5E ;$# 5 W 5 z:8L>M'; E W3 5 M 5E #H$:8.M
]
ebeM' E E +Wie:8'>^e3>78S+T 5 ;$($;$' 5 V%>W E +RK;V%W 5E :G7U78+W 5E 5 W 5 '7G>W 5%E
'W)M.>W)>e%:87^0:Ut+MK); E W3 5 M 5E 78 5 5 W).MK; 5 7 ++ C
X
bdciS`&h=^iXi e
L78>>7>VP>M.< 5 ;+7Uz78> 5 e9> +pXMK 5 W I 5 1M'';VB 5 E cbdiS`h=^iXi0]<RW :G' 5 ;$#;; 5
5 e9NK; 5 C
^M']+W;$ EGEG5 VL;$+1+W 5E :UW0L]>W 7GWi_++eL7`M'RWi E .e 5 78W<S E 'W< 5 7:Ue%:G E VL7G>M'p
5 eL; E 5E K;$+e%:G >; 5 7G E C f 7U0>;0:8. 5 ;$';+e%:G +; 5 7NV$ E 'e$ 5 78WiS E E >7G>W
78Wi_>+e; E ;$. +78+W}C fZ5 7`g$>W)M 5 V :G+W 5%E 7U
">o
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ } X
}
i i
+M' EGE E e 5 W<V%YRLM] E Rt+7UMK E8E VY%R EdE T 5 E 178'I1+ E ;$ E8E (+M' EGE V%Y%R EdE T 5
E MK E8E E e'e9; E V$Y%R E`E T 505%E W<]: 5 ; 5%E b 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E m
17GKI1> E e 5 W<V :8. 5 V;.W<+e E T 5 V E E T 5 M 5 + Ea5 ReT 5 m
W<]+: 5 ; 5E ke 5 W)V$7UW<+:G7 5E V%17GKI1> E M 5 > E V :8. 5 ;$J7G+: 5 7Ge 5 C
5 ;$>+M'787a<+M' EGE
`&h=^iXibdiS`&h&^iXi_ S_[aii_`\[7ac`&h=^i=i-ZXZXZ
]FeN E8E 78 5^E t+7 E bdiS`&h&^iX@
i 'e;eT 5 5 ;$>+M'78;V E Ni_`\[ac`&h&^iXidg$ E :8
E J 5 ;$ 5 RzeLT 5iE >7^;$>+M'78;) 5 W 5iE RL>78+M' EGE m
5 ;$>+M'787a)178KI1+M
bdiSc`&h=^iXi e
]eN E8E 78 5&E t+7 E (bdciS`&h=^iXi]zRW :8. 5-5 RMK E8E 1M''; 5 E 5 ;$ E >7
;>MK7U;3e EGE J 5 e%: 5 m
5 ;$>+M'787 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
b=idXSc`&h=^iXif b[7SO i_`\[ac`h=^iXii
]&e>+ E8E 7G 5,E L>7 E bdiS`&h&^iXi}]&RW:G' 55 RMK E8E 1IM.K; 5 V E ,f 5 ;$ E >7
;>MK7U; 5 e EGE J 5 e%: 5 E E +R E L7UW<:87 5%EFE T 5 M'+ E m
5 R$:G'M.'_>7 5 5 Wie; 5
b ZGf } g
]7GN E5E t+7 E ]iRW7G7UIV E 5 e;$KR$:G'M.'_>; 5 :G>W 5 :8. 5 E t+7U; 5 V E
MK E8E b;$ 5E8E R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 &f 5 W ; 5 E 78W<:G7 5E VY%RMB] 5 :8. 5 ;$b78: 5 78e 5
; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 - f E 5%E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E R$:8.M'._N; 5%E eL E RU9Wi;# 5 W0.eLW 5 W 5%E
L7UW<:87 5%E ;$NMK7U; 5%E E 5E ; 5 E M'; 5E ;:G78'RKS+T 5 5%EGE R>W 5 W< E W 5 :G' 5
5 R:G' 5%E 5 W<: 1> E C
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i
b[7Sb
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N%q-
!"N
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "N%q
iSXdb[7f `h=^iXi
b X[XchXh
b[XS
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i
1>W 5E Y%Rb+;)';+e%:G +; 5 7a:8+W1IM.K;;$+W+7G: 5%E :G78>U9 5%E ; 5 7 5 78W<VeLT 5 +W
`&h=^i=i 5 ;$ E >7R$:G'M'._N;+WY%RMKY%R+7 5 e%: 5 ;+e%:G7 5 ;$
`h=^iXi z;+e%:G7 5 ;$`&h&^iXi C&&MK E8E `&h&^iXi eT 5 5 ;$
5 R:G7 5E C)?@W ++ VZ}MK
E8E
X
E +7#R$:8.M''_>;,;$+e%:G7 5 ;$`&h=^iXi Ck178KI1+Mb 5 ;$ E >7iR$:G'M.'_>;;$>e%:G7 5 ;$ `&h&^iXi
E 6787GKVZ'eM'R'e; 5 >W
+gM'R.eL; 5 `h=^iXi VWi E eT 5 ;+e%:G7 5 ;`&h=^iXi C%))1I7GKI1>M ]JM 5 +Myf}y<] M 5 +M
5 5 WieL; 5 bt CZ E8E 'W}V(:Ut+MKb;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E ;$+1`L>7GW<.:G'76Y%R E ` 5%EGE E t+7@Y%Re; 5
RW ;$+:G+78W<.eL; 5 ';$>e%:G +; 5 7d] 1M''; 5 V 5 R E *vV Y%ReL; 5 5 ;$ E +76R E ; 5 (YRLe; 5 eT 5 C
= E >S>T 5 C0W 5%E :8787G>W 5E M'Re E E t>: 5%E ;)R$:G'M.'_>S+T 5 ;';$>e%:G +; 5 78 E e<M'.ep
RL>W # 5 W 5 'W)M.>W)>e%:87RW<:Ut+MK};$ E W3 5 M 5E 78 E :8 E _>+7J E8E E 7G+p
Y%R E .: 5%E C
X ++
`&h=^iXibdiS`&h=^i=i
`&h=^iXii_`\[ac`&h=^iXi
`&h=^iXiS=QbdXac`&h=^i=i
dW 5E U9W<7 EGE i E :G78R$:8R78;$ ;=<>@?AB:CD C^=T 5 .W< 5 7G:8VP 5 7 +eY%Re: 5 Vy 5 W 5 ]
'W)M.>W)>e%:8;V 5 ;$+e; 5E >7`RWiiM' E :8<M'.%;VRW1: 5 7^ E :U:8' 5 VRWi):Ut+MK<9 E 9 5 R
Y%RMKY%R+7 5 R$:878 E :G78R$:GR7UC l W) 5 7G:8-t+e Eb5 YRz;$>1 5 e%:G>70 5 W 5 ] 5 e E :87GR ;C
f 7U+e%:8+e;$>7GW 5%E 5 W 5 ] +7GK;V] W)>M.9 5 7 5 E +781I7GW 5%E b78+78 E +e%:8S+T 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWi
W 5E :G7U;JeL R783C$Ck E8E 'W 5 W 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi(Y%R(g$'L(37G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>V:G+W 5%E
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)
i i
0 firstclass
1 secondclass
2 thirdclass
q#
s G
q s : r (@36 qs G
qs
3f **6 r * q
s r *: qs : r (@36 q s *(
q
s
333
3 r qs : r : q#
s : r 63
q#
s
3* 3 r q$
s r *:
4 ;#+e%:G7U; 5 R&; E 78H: 5 7;$)MK E8E Iae ;=<>@?A7B:CD ;$>1b 5E8E R.7 5 R$:878 E .e 5 78W<p
S E V 5 W 5 V 5 76g$+W<M 5 V 5 e 5 W< ; E Rt+7UMK E8E CZ>1 5E8E R.7NV:UW0L]>WV 'e$ 5 78WiS E
EG5 78 5 'H ;-MK E8E V 5 R E vV E R E 17GKI1> E V[ 5 e E :G78R$: 5 78 E VW<]: 5 ; 5E MK E8E E
5 e%:G ; 5
e.e9L; E C f 7Ui E8EG5 Vy E8E5 +'W
5%E >;z;$ E 78.: 5 7(;$<MK E8E bRW< 5 R:G7Ui E :G78R$:GR78z; 5
:G' 5;&<>@?ABCD CBdW 5%E`E R 5 7^YR":
LJ 5E8E J; eK;i; E +R.e%:8(Wie+'78
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)
"
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "N
;$(:
L<RWiz+M' EGE 0e'e9;
VBe'e9;z E :8VyRWi
4 C^'e;-+W
&z:8+W 5E RWi-178'I1+M@'e%:G>.7U
02RW
D >W 5E ;$+e%:87 5
5 R:G7U&MK E8E
1+: 5 7#;$.e%:8+'7 5%E
V`RWi178'I1+M`;,+M' EGE (e
)
LRWW)]+: 5 ; 5
!#
$0
Y%R#78: 5 78eRWiWi:G78'_#;$ 5 v*: 5%E ; 5 :8. 5 % $ &z #Y%R#eLT 5 5E8E R67UW<+:G7 5E
5 78Wi E C f 7U# EGE )7 5 7UWiV:G>7 W 5E VP+e%:8T 5 VPRWiz E :G78R$:GR7U;$3:Ut+MKz; EG W0 5 M 5%E
5 W 5 )W 5E :G7U;3e R7U0C /C
S=Qbd7ac`&h=^iXi )i_`
f:_&S=Q } '
b[7Sb
iSXd:b'[7i
"
!"
%$0V
MD7? HQ H< HD
:G>7 W 5%E i781 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>)W 5%E :878;)e R78<C LC@ 5 .e'+'7ieM. E J;
5 eM' E ; 5 7@U9Wi 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R^:878:8b; 5 VNY%RV 5 7 E RL1>_V U9Wi
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)
i i
;; 5 t+MK R7U#CoC f 7 5%EGE +R.eL; 5 eM' E VPU9+p E b 5E >ReL; 5OC o HD 5 W
5 e%: 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$>1 E M'1I7 5 E :8; 5
EG W3 5 M 5E VY%R]
;):8L>M'i;$
:8t+MK};$ E W3 5 M 5E 5 e%:G+eL; 5 E 1I7GKI1> E M 5 > E3 VB 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U R7UzC oBC
= 5 1W)>e%:GV 5 W<]: 5 ; 5?A?AOC o HD ;$+1 E M.17 5 E :8; 5 ;}:Ut+MK} 5 e:8.e R7
eM' E ; E R E RL781 5 78V[Y%R#'78; e'70&178'I1+M C& 5 78: 5 78e7b;-eM. E #;
E R781 5 7GV+F:8L>M'^+e 5 e%:G7Up E Z 5 W 5 W 5%E :878` R7U`CoC[,W<]+: 5 ; 5 ? A?A OC o HD
;$>1V+e%:8T 5 V7G E :UR7U7z:8L>M'V_++eL; 5 pw1 5 M.:87 5 E :8; 5 ; R78}C oBC2 Re; 5
5 5 e%:G7 5 M'#78: 5 78e7 J 78.W<+'7UU9Wi;;$ ? A?A OC o HD VP E :G;$+178 E :8R7873
:8L>M'<;$ EG W3 5 M 5E 7U 5 E :8; 5 e%:G+78 5 7NV 5 R E *vV; R78<CoC
m&!"%%Z!
7!!
K y!
|y%%!" 7"Z!
%K ! 2 y!" 2 yZ!
&2 |y!"
%K
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D D X sQ@
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "N"
sec2 sec2
secvar1 secvar1
secvar2 secvar2
sec2
secvar1
secvar2
secvar3 (c)
secmeth1
(&<>?AB:CD
78 5EG W3 5 M 5 YR 5 W< E 7GN>e:8+W<+e%:8.e E +78K; 5 C f 7U E8EG5 V`78'W 5E ;$>e%:G7 5 ; 5
5 W<.MK; 5 7RW\ 5 :GFU9Wi; 5 V;$>e%:G7 5 ;$>M.VMK E8E ;=<>?AB:CD W 5%E :878;
e 5 7 5 78W<0C'"C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)
i i
rF i
Frk RRAL&: = = YQ=tp=%V =A=&n; = ;Tn6=Q:= H &p G YA^ J n B
\uq n JO Y Z LSZ %KU> OK =G O Y G yr HKZ :YQ=H^K^ HJ n[ {
\F
\u\
\u_ K^;bL?ncn :A` H`SJ YsY
\d Y G p KG Y J n
` J n
\ue
\ug
\h
\ui n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ = [[ y HK := O Y G v{TRQRP= [6Z L Z ; H = J >= G&HK := [ =A~ K = O6G Y%=
\uk
_uq v/B H6G v K ` K ;Un RR ZbH LQY JZoH ;%p= G&HK := [ = H ; K ;bn;
_F
_u\ Kv/;bBnc^LQ`P;Un vC `S^Lbn :C RRP= : n6=Q:=S= := =M; W%> :; ; ^QLQ;Un;
_u_ v/B > K = OG Y G ` K%NK Z ^ RRTaK=QVSZbOQ= JG&Z HK := [ =A=&nG&H; HK K =Q[:Pn6=%:H=S=TG n:xUn[ : Z =G K = O6G YQ=
_d
_ue
_ug
_h n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[TO6G < ZbH LQ;Un G yE{
_ui
_uk ^QLbn K :fQf RR ZbHZ L Z = H ;%p;S= HZ?HN =b> GUHK ; [G p=Q: Z% p GZ ^
dq
dF
d\
d_ n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[SG&H[ L%;Un G yE{
dud
de NZ Y G y K ;Unu` HQJ YqY K ;Un B^QLQ;Un G ``S^Lbn K :{
dg ;Unc` ;Un B v RRP: := ; =^P=^op=Q:6^ ;T= =b> ;cLQ;%:: GUHKG
dh ^L?n KK : K HG K RRPa GQZbHK=Z Y Z V=AK [= HZbHN =?> G&HK ;c[LQ;&:: HG&HZbHQKNG G&HK
di
dk
euq
eF
I ?N
o NO?
? E8E #+M' EGE 5E8E R:G7 E 17GKI1> E C67G'W<+'78<] VY%R3 5 e%:8<78i#>t>S>i;
M' E :8CZ E +Re;V V]JRWe W)>7 5 =H
'e:8+'7 5 Y%R 5 e:87 5 M' 5 e'e9W)>e%: 5 ;$M 5 5E C
o NO?
l eKKM'W<+e%:G E >Rb1M 5 7[]6
^a>;^e 5 1 5 M 5 5 E8E 61M 5 7]F'e78+W<+e%:U; 5 C 4 ;178'I1+M
CD: D:C? N
RL7U; 5 1M 5 7;$ Y%Re; 5 'e E +78';^e^:8t+MKV EGE 'W]6 5%EGEG 1+M E t+7 Y%RM%M 5 5
+MKit+7G:G>eCa:G>78++'78<178KI1+My] VY%R3 5 e%:8i78)RWi+e%:G7U;)>W 5 R$:G7U
;=<>?AB:CD C@?dM'# 5%EGE ..M'H:UiK;$+e%:G >7#Y%RM+M' EGE E8E ):Ut+MKit+7G:G+eLC` R7UiC
W 5E :G7U3 E Y%R>Wi:GK+W<+e%:GJRWi) E :G78R$:GR78 ;=<>?AB:CD C[ E +:8<e RW<+7U;*"IF7G>78 E +e%:8
)178'I1+M ? N b)eXHW<+7 5 {V)178'I1+M CD:D:C?N C
; 5 :8. 5: ? =< C
A Y%R E +7U<;$ E 78.: 5 ;$Ke%:8Cd? E8E 5 $v*+: 5 ;$ E 78+1iMK E8E J Y%Rb
E >Re; 5 :UW0L]>W78K0RW<):Ut+MK)1I_+KV 5 78]+W7GN+tb 5 W 5 L7UW<:87 5 RW 5 $v*: 5
;=<>?AB:CD t+7G:G+eL E >Rz1M 5 7F]7GWi_>+e; 5 eL017GKI1>M CD :D:C N C= R7U)C V +MK
] 5 78.+W; E :U0eX H W<>7 5 /% C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N/
!)
o
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "N/
Symtable
(1)
(3)
Symtable
EntryTable
(2)
(1)
EntryTable EntryTable
EntryTable
EntryTable
BXD%C7; o ND
W<]: 5 ; 535 RiM 5 5 ]K;$+e%:8 >; 5 e37G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>C f 78b E8E5 V 5 7 5 7UWiJY%R eM' E
D2H; o ND
)781 5 78;$>1(U9Wi7 5E W<]: 5 ; 5E {YRLe; 5 RWe 5 1 5 E 5 5 ](.e'+'; 5 @
{YRLe; 5 RW E 5 5 :G>7GW<'eC
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D X sQ
i i
MK E8E :?=<CA7B:CD ]J E :G7U:UC[?dMK0]( E :G>e;$K;) 5 7 5 R$:878 E +M' EGE E Y%R 78+7G E >e$p
:8W 5E ;$. +78+e%:8 E :G' 5%E ;$a';+e%:G +; 5 78 E Y%Ra 5 ;+Wt+7G:G>e>7Z(RWi ;=<>@?AB:CD C f 7U
?=< C'A
RW K;$+e%:G >; 5 7Y%Rd78+78 E +e%:8aRW<MK E8E @;>MK7U;6e 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8V :8+78+W 5E RWi
:?=<Bx'A C o AMC o ? V
"VRWi0Wi:G78._K;$'W<+e E 5 eMy 5E8E RB1M 5 7VRWi)1I7GKI1>M E >W;$'W<+e E T 5 5E8E R1IM 5 7
Va E8E .W 5 7k;$Ke%:GC^Wi 5%EGE RXV'e;VRW< 178'I1+M.e%:G>.7U
Y%Rb;$'_bY%RM 5 XH =k
e W<+7 5iE NY +e+'MB;$ E8E 017GKI1>M{V$+ E5iE (:G7U:Gb;1I7GKI1>MPM 5 +M{Ck? EGE
'e$ 5 78WiS+T 5 ]#R$:G'M'._N;}e}+7US>T 5 ;$#$;$' 5 E >78};$ E +R$:GK; 5 W W< E ;$:UM'9 E e 5
+ :GRM 5 "NC? EGE bMK E8E ^]7G E >e:U;Je 5 7 5 7UWiJC C[?dMKb 5E8E RL; 5 E 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E V
RW R$:8.M'._N; 5 YRLe; 5zE :878:8i;$0RWi#;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$3178KI1+ E ;$3+M' EGE b 5 R$:G7 5 VL7U
<;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$178KI1+ E M 5 + E C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D X s'
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "No
?D C#
;$NMK7U; 5%E e 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8C@s& E +g$ E :GbRW> EG5 +W YR 5 7878 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7a_
;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7NC#=^ E8E #+ EG5 V 5 1IM 5 7] E +Re;'e;$K+ E 5
5 7G 5 ;$RW 5 e E :87GR: 5 7` 5E8E RBRWiiU9W<;) 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7a; E Rt+7UMK E8E Cdk>7G>W 5%E
E8E E + E5%E ;$R7Ue%:GJieM. E E +Wie%:8'>0J+7US+T 5 ;$b+$;$. 5 C
178'I1+M N@A6A'> ;$ E +7G>1aY%R EdE T 5 ^ 5 W 5E T 5J5E 7UW<:87 5%E 5 78W< E ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 C
?Q=<MD o
+1.e;'>7 5 :8. 5 ;.W<+e E T 5 ;$>;JRW;$>M. E V% 5 7d EGEG5 VR$:G'M'._Np E `RW 5 $v*: 5 ; 5
:G' 5 IVY%R ]RWiM' E :Ub+W Y%R>;b+M'+W<+e%: 5 7G>78 E +e%:8JRW ; 5%E 78W<:G7 5E C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< G D X sQ
i i
:D ?
i1I7GKI1>M VBY%R<.eL;$'>RWi;$.W<>e E T 5 C<178'I1+M[.e%:G>.7U 'e;$K+}Y%Re%: 5%E
+M'+W<>e: 5E +g$ E :G>We<M' E :Ui;$:G' 5E 0<1I7GKI1>M 5 e:U 5 78Ig$.W 5 +M'+W<+e%: 5 ;
M' E :8C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N%q-
!)
i i
eu
Z^ +(6 lx}16\Xu*1a6` "N%q
rF i KLQ&; n G `X`An/L
Frk HK
\uq [6Z >mv ` ` [ YY
\F H6G K HQJ
\u\
\u_ RRAL&: = Y > ; n ; L ; =AY ^ =
\d n JO Y Z LTZ HG K :QG QG&HG KLyr HG K :QGT= OH Y G ZbHn ZZ?HKS[ [ ZZbHKK L( HK :% G L K {
\ue
\ug
\h KLQ&; n G `X`An/L
\ui HK
\uk [6Z >mv ` ` [
_uq H6G K K
_F
_u\
E8E 'W}V1W 5%EkE R 5 7@Y%Ra:G>W 5%E RW W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R` 5E8E R$:G7I E L7UW<:87 5%E 5 78'W)>.7 5
A V 5(E +Re; a 5 W;$.W<>e E T 5 / 5 :G>78++'7 5 +VWi E
? =< D oY%RJ7G>7G E >e%:8
; 5 :G' 5 5 ; 5 :G' 5 :8W0L]>W; 5 :G' 5 5 W
;$'W<+e E T 5 "C f 7U)78'7GW 5E RW 5E :G' 5E ;$ EGE E 78W<:G7 5E V
7 W 5E
x
A6D o CE HD V:G+W 7? D
MK7US E Y%R0R$:G'M.'_>WMK E8E E ;$ e'; E L>M 5 7 5 7UWi; 5 7NC fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 VLe RW e; 5
:G' 5 5%E e 5< M'9 5 }N RW Y%R'e;$K+ 5 :G' 5 ;<178'I1+M
;$NMK7U;C@ 5 E 78+1+78W 5%E RWW<]: 5 ; 5 Y%RbeLM' E ) E8E eLVeT 5 ]7GN E5 1+78 +7 E
E8E M'9 5 5 e%:G]+WRW
=b:G7U:8pXM 5E ;$ 5 78Wi< E LNKMXC f 7U< E8E5 VL;$>1>W 5%E
5 R
:GRL7`RWi<R E +<eL):8t+MK J 7 5 +R7U); 5 :G' 5 78+78 E +e%:U; 5 e 5#E +R M'9 5mN 7? V% 5
78 E RMH:U; 5 ;)R E +)e 5%E W 5E :G7U7U3Y%RMy] 5 :8. 5 ;)178'I1+MXV E *v)+M'RWi<MK E8E 5 RRW
:G' 5 E ' 5 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)">
i i
MK E8E ?=<X;>"NKCD W 5E :G7U;)e 5 7 5 78Wi3Cq0]R$:8.M'._N;<L7U3 EGE W}C f 7U
E8E :8. 5 ;$J+e%:878;V$e;)]J.e+M.R ; 5 e 5 ; E 78H: 5 7NV M.]>W; 5 e 5 W<J; 5 K;$>e:8 +; 5 7NC
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)""
i i
Captulo 9
Anlise Semntica
Primeira Parte
eM' E E >Wie%:GK+J]^78 E 5 e E I1>M% 5 761>7G +7d E LN : 5E ; 5 7 5 7UWi78+MK+ 5 e; 5E
5 E 'e >; 5 b;<>; 5 Wie; 5 C3^W 7 5 7UWii 5 ;$< E :87 5 787G+: 5 ;) 5 7U; 5 5 W
E 7G>7U E ;$ E 'e%:8g z;$ e'; E t+MK78W<:GK+VWi E 78 E +e%:U7b7 5 M.>W< E 78+MK 5 eLp
; 5%E 5 W E +Wie%:GK+&;M'.eR+W}C&O 5 + E5 VZ 5 73g$>W)M 5 Vd; 5&E +R.e%:G:G78>U9 5 ;$
7 5 78W<
b[7S^gK
SXdb[7`
^gK`
^ 5 78; 5 5 W E 78+78 EE 'e:U:8'> E ;(7UWi:8'> ; V 5 :G78>U9 5 ]`t+7G +.:8W<>e:8
X ++5E
++.:8I1+MXC fZ5 78]+W}V%g$ E :8 RW+787 53E +Wie:8' 5 V% 5 E V$t+M 5 W<+e +W V 5 1M 5 7FR E ; 5
XH X ++
Xc?
78J'e;$+g$7@RW 7G7UI3;$>1 E +7dRW e W<>7 5 'e%:G>.7 5 CZ=T 5 5 ;$ E >7dRWib+g$7G EGE T 5 +Rv 5
78 E RMH:U; 5 ]b; 5 :G' 5 C
eLM' E E +Wie:8'>]< +.:8;$iWie+'78 E +W<+M'9e%:8 J 1 E RLM'._NS+T 5 ;7G1 5 78 E .ep
:8:GK+&W 5%E :878;e 5 + :8RM 5 q V 5 R E *vVkW<N;$'e%:GRW E8E > 5 L>M'781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+C
eM. E E +Wie%:GK+;$>1 E >7);$'1 ';';>W E E C=^ E :8}> :GRM 5 Vd.e'+'M.W<+e%:8V E +7U
;$ E +R$:GK; 5<5 I
5 78Y%R ;$ EGE );$.1 E T 5 V$+W E >RK;V%W 5%E :8787G>W 5%E )78'W)>.7U);$ E8E E E E V
+WY%R E MK E8E E ; 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8 E T 5 eM. E ; E C
">
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)"N
i i
m +78KWi E .e%:8+78 E8E e:8 E 0RL;$] E8E >W 5E 7GNM'._N7: 5 ;zeM' E E +Wie:8'>>WRWi
HeK+a E8E ;Idt+MKJ781 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+VRWi1+_aY%R`+;^ E F7G>78 E +e%:8^:G7UM.9 5 g :G7U
i+7G] E +.W 5 e 5 :8+W< 5 ;$i 5 W<'MKS+T 5 C l E : 5 VB 5 78]+W}VBeT 5 ]< 5E8E 1>M 5 R]VBe 5 W e.W 5 V
;$>W< E K; 5 5 W)M.K+; 5 C f 7U+e%:8+e;$>7GW 5%E5 I
5 78Y%R ;eN EGE ';;$;$ E8E ;$'1% E T 5
1W 5E R:G'M.'_>7 5 +g$+W<M 5 ; 5<E +R'e:8J7 5 7UWi
`&h=^iXi
]^&d
`&h=^iXi
781 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+ 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G#]}W 5E :G7U;e R7U-C."C^Wi&:G+e%:U:G'1;$
eLM' E 7a E :GJ7 5 78Wi E +78'0 5 7`W<+ 5 ;$JRWi<1% E H:U) 5E e E e E >R'e%:G 5 7U;$>W
+W1+78 +7^u}>e%:G78 5 R$:G7U E 5 E E u E 5 :G' 5 ;z178'I1+Mg$ E :GC fZ5 78]+W}Vye 5 :8p E )Y%R
i1 E .:8z 5 eoi]b >H:Ue:8 E YR 5 ei:8+e9 E K; 5 1 E .:8; 5 )#MK E8E 'e E +78';#e
:8L>M'<;$ EG W3 5 M 5E C
f 7U E5 M.R+ 5 e7i EGE 7 5 M.>W<Va :8R78+W 5%E eLM' E E >Wie%:GK+>W ;$RL E E E
;$ E :8.e%:U E V+;RW<;$>M' E 5 WRW 5 $v*+:G'1 5 ;$. +78+e%:GC) 78.W<>.7UL7Uz 5 M'9+7J'e$ 5 7Gp
WiS E^EG5 783 E MK E8E E ;$>+M'78; E 3 E +Re;i78<78>M.'_>7^i1>7G >S+T 5iE >W<e%:GK+
7 5 78KW<+e%:GJ;$.:8Ck?de%:8T 5 V 5 7U;$+W; 5 L E8E > 5iE +78'
j E <"
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"
!)">/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 /x) X X
@0[+Z wx36`*d*^P `@
"
K yZ!
99%&Z! K yZ!
$ y&%!
%K K y!
$ yZ!
%K
|
j E b$
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)"+
i i
A66
465 W E8E } 5 78;>WV[ 5 1>7G >7Gp E )}1M.K;;#;;$NMK7US+T 5 ;}1I7GKI1>M V
:G>W)p E 3: 5 ;z.e 5 78W<S+T 5 eN E8E 78' EG5 7G)z+M' EGE Y%R v# 5 ZeM' E ;#).e E >7GK;
e0:8L>M'<;$ EG W3 5 M 5E C
E8E 'W}Va:G>e 5 ep E _>+7 5 WY%R>;L E8E > 5 e,7G1 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+, 5 M'9'e$ 5 7Gp
WiS E E t> H > E 1+78 Y%R E LN : 5%E 7:8'+RMK78 E ; E +Wie%:GK+C[M.]>W;$ EGEG5 V ;$+t+ep
;$>e; 5 ;$^Y%R EkE T 5 E8E E E LN : 5E VeT 5 ]`eN EGE 78 5 1 E .:87dJ7G1 5 78@: 5 ;VL>e E 7:8
;$>M'CF= 5 g$+W<M 5 Y%Rb+LW 5E ;$31+7NVL<7G'W<+'78) E 3;ieM. E 5 ;$+78K E >7'e:8+7Gp
7 5 W<K;}7U}RW ;$+:G+78W<.eL; 5 7UW 5 ;7G1 5 78VRWi1>_#1>7G +; 5 Y%R EGE +i7UW 5
eT 5 5E8E R 5 R$:878 E ;$>+M'78S E ;$MK E8E E CZ EGE 'WV 5 ;$>7 W 5E 7G>1 '7F) E <"J7U
R E vVaRWi1>_}Y%R 5 e,eLT 5 5E8E R`e+e9 RW M'9 5 e 5 Y%RM^ 5E8E W +g E :G'7
;$NMK7US E ;^MK E8E E e'e9; E VeT 5 9(eN EGE ';;$`;$^ 5 e%:G'e R7dJeLM' E E >W<e%:GK+
L.g 5 ;$ EGE JeC
= E 7GIg$'Wi E[E NS EZE +7U;$ E +7G.:8(7G'W<+'78 E `; eM' E E >Wie%:GK+ 7U 5 5 W)p
'M'; 5 7 5 E
++ V'e;$K+e; p ^YRL
EdE T 5 E 'e$ 5 78WiS E 5 M.+:8; E E RJ'W<M.>W<+e%:8S+T 5 C
X
781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+aeLT 5 78>+ E E >7 5 W)M.+:8W<>e:8kL>78 5 787GK;V EG5 W<+e%:G 5%EBE +R E e 1+ E
C'AD o CE HD
MK E8E d 5 7878 E 5 e;$+e%:8kea:8L>M';$ EG W0 5 M 5%E e 5 e 1+M%Wi E MH: 5 V 5 W< E W 5 5 e%:GN>e; 5
5 W 5E ;+Wi E e E Y%RJ78+78 E +e%:8W E +M' EGE E ;$Wi E M.: 5 e 1>M{C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA s@ X D
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 /x) X X
@0[+Z wx36`*d*^P `@
/
MK E8E (eL3:Ut+MKi;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E 5%EGE R E R)7878' ;=<>@?AB:CD V 5 eL;$b E +M' EGE E e.e9; E
;$>1+W E >7`.e E +78K; E C
=^ EGE E &;eM. E E +Wie:8'>V EG5 W<+e%:G&RW :8. 5 ;+787 5E +Wie:8' 5 5 ;$ E >7
;$+:G>:8; 5 BY%Re; 5 RWi`MK E8E dYRPva 5 ; eK;`e RW;$:8+78W<.e; 5 E 5 5 ]k78>; eK;C
E8E .W}V 5iE +R.e%:G(:87GNU9 5 ;7 5 7UWib]JM'+%M
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i }
`&h=^iXi^[b[XQ^=a7^
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i ~
`&h=^iXi^[b[XQ^=a7^
yo C'AK
o C'A2
fZ5 78]+W}V 5 E +R.e%:G@:G78>U9 5 ]@'e%1M.K; 5 VI 5 E MK E8E e'e9;` E :U`7GN;$ e.eL; 5
RWi<MK E8E vi;$ e';0eLY%R+M'J E 5 5 C
`&h=^iXi`&h=^i=i }
`&h=^iXi`&h=^iXi }
9.3 Implementao
C
A c D o2e
cD>AcAMC<
eM' E E +Wie%:8'>}e E :G#e 1+M@].W<M'+W<+e%:U;t+MK+M' EGE 5 5 :G
Ck^e%:G E ;$b'eKK7<1 E .:8<t+M 5E e E ;#781 5 7GV 5 5 W).MK; 5 7 ;$+1
5 v*: 5 ;$ E8E `+M' EGE kVI>e:UT 5 V>R$:8.M''_>prM 5 e`eLM' E VI 5 W
X ++
5 5 >H: 5 5 W^g$.'S>T 5
78K7BRW
;<781 5 7G E 'e%:8:GK+)e 5 + :8RM 5 q$C
= 5 7 5 7UWibC."V 1+W 5%E E ;$NMK7US E 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7a;3+M' EGE C@ 5 e E :G78R$: 5 76] 5
78 E 5 e E I1+MPt+MKi78'S+T 5 ;):Ut+MKi;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E 78'e; 5 RW 5 $v*: 5 ;=<>@?AB:CD C
;$J:G' 5
^M']+W ;$ EGEG5 V>+M'd'e'+'M.'_> 5 5 e%:8; 5 7B;$k>7G7 5EyE +Wie:8' 5E k'e E +78VNeF:8L>M'`;$ E W3 5 M 5E V
; 5 E E W3 5 M 5E YR378+78 E +e%:8W 5%E :G' 5E E ' 5E ;#M'.eR+W}V 5 R E vV 5E :G' 5%E c^
* XC
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
,
!)">
i i
h n% U:>; K = OL Y Gt =&UZb>HK == O YY G : = Y RR KR=RtO6G=&nY%=; [G= >;&:t= Z n6^P=Q:==SY K ;= H =&p G YYQ=cLQ;%::
i KGa; K GQ[ >= K O LUG ::J;%:CK O G HK [ K O6G G&HKG
k ZbHK JH[ G HKZ
Frq n Y LtYQ=^Q^% L yE{
FuF JO Z N6G j
Fr\ :Q >n6Y
Fr_ HK Z Gtj
F|d a; >= LU::;&:m`Ps
Fre JH[ G HK6Z
Frg = `ZbHK = OSY G ` :H6G c>n%UY > K y?=l O Y G l%y{{ RRRAR L&: Z^ = : K = OG nYQ=T;^ n: ZbH^ L ZLQn;=^ Y =AY < =Q< >
Fh j = H6=G Y HBu=K y Z { G ZbHK ZbH G GtKZ O6 Z [ ZbH J G
Fri `ZbHK OSG [Q:[ j >nY y?lU^ : <l%{
Frk j H6G HK Z G K ZbH
\uq = ZbHK = O Y G Bu= [Q[ y j {
\F
C
A c D o ?
C'A D o2 C'AM D o C c ?U HXD
5 W<'M'; 5 7`R:G'M.'_> 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 VW 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi3C VY%R
'e'+'zi1 E .:8U9LWie; 5 78i78._3;781 5 7G E .ep
:8:GK+i31+78 + E 3M'RW+787 5#E >W<e%:GK 5 5 [+eL 5 e%:878; 5 Ca^M']+W ;$ E :GVtMK E8E 5E8E R
RW W)]+: 5 ; 5 78}+;:G' 5 ;$ie} E +7beM' E ; 5 C# 7 5 78WiCW 5%E :878z:UW3t]+W
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ YQ=^^& N6G L j 6;; K yr Z ^ K 9:; ;%[<G :=?v>{ = K% N B: ;U^t G >= HK6Z Lbv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ : = Y ` = = Y
_ JY%=K^^%O G L Y%=^Z?H^UK OLQY&G ^ 6; yuv{RRK =RQO6RAG YQL =M=b>L%=S;%::= G&HKY G ^ `Tnn6:=Q:Z?H=tL :Z n6= =VY = :p;%:
d NG j G Z K [G N H6 Z G Z [ G
e Z a-yua; JQ:H;U[ G >=cHK6 Z >Lb= ::;%:LUv6u`tL ns6{T;RRAyua^ ;GoN ; J p >GA= G ::L&; ::YQ;%= :H %=f G v6L G ;
g K%N H6G G HKZ G K6Z loH >JQ= H[ G LoH:K6:Z;%:^Pa; yrn =^ DQ{l%{
h G HK6Z JH[ N G
i
k
Frq n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ YQ=^^& N6G L j YQ=^^b G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G y Z ^ K 6; [G v{
FuF
Fr\ Z a-:QMyuvA `` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
Fr_ K YQ=^Q^% L YQ=^Q^U LQYU6; y
yYQ=^^U L%Y&6; {tv/B ; {
F|d N6G j G [G G [G H [G
Fre L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
Frg PKRRAN ^ G > HK::Z ;S;LQG;%:QK6: Z HzG=S= Y ^ =MLQY%=^^
Fh RR [GT J=> GG&H ^&=Q< G >>G&=JA^THa=QVSH6=t = H6Z GtY Z [^ G n6=%:=TnG :x&v Z >=cLQY%=^^ G
Fri %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^%=%< y{{
Frk a; JHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LUZ?H::K ;%H:fQGf GQK%G G
\uq
\F Y%=^^% L Y%=^^U LQY& ^ 6; yuv/B v {
\u\ NG j G Z K [G HG K
\u_
Y%R m C'A D o2 C'AM D o C ?U HD
_`]`U9W<7 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%RF:G7U:U(;(+M' EGE
d1+78 >7 E @RW>7G7 5 5 +e 5 e%:G7U; 5 C 4 E5 :8+e9 E K; 5 >e 5 e%:G7U; 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 >W).:G6RWi
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA s7 X D%'
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 /x) X X
@0[+Z wx36`*d*^P `@
o
W<+e E +W}Vt.e+7G>W<+e%:8 5 5 e:U; 5 7;$0+787 5%E ) 5 e%:G'e R# 5 W eLM' E b78# E ;$>Wi E
c?& HD C
MK E8E E VU9Wie; 5 p E 078>+R7 E '1IW<+e%:GVy E8E e; 5 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 55 78 E : 5 +R;%J; 5
W<]: 5 ; 5 C'A D o2 C'AD o C H7D :G7U:8-;;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;zRWiMK E8E C m R
ReS>T 5 ]1+78 >7 E e 5 E 5 5 5 7G78+e%:86v<+g$ E :GRWii+M' EGE 5 W E8E Je 5 W<V>e%:8T 5 V
: 5 Wi7i:G.:GR;$0;$+1 K;d'e E +78HprMK<e):8L>M'#; E W3 5 M 5E V+W + E5 e>:G'1 5 V 5 R}M'eS+7
RWi)gNS+T 5 V +W+ EG5 5%E .:G'1 5 C[? E :8bW<]: 5 ; 5 ]JW 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi3C /C
78.W<+'7US+T 5 e EGE }W<]: 5 ; 5 ] E M'17 55 $v*+: 5 ;=<>@?AB:CD 5 7G78+e%:GC2:Ut+MK
5 7G78+e%:8`]^7G E 5 e E I1+M 5 7F78W<_+>e7 5%E@EG W0 5 M 5%E ;b+M' EGE 5 7G78+e%:8C l e'+'M.W<+e%:8V%e 5
12
e 1>MLWi E M.: 5 V :Ut+MK3 5 787G>e:8^] Y%R+MK3+7GK;be 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 76;$ EGE b+M' EGE V 5 e; E T 5
X?Q=< C'A6
'e E >7GK; 5%E65%E :G' 5E E K 5%E b E MK E8E E ;$e 1>MBWi E g :G>7Ge 5 C Re; 5 i;>MK7US>T 5 ;$
RWi+M' EGE b]0+e 5 e%:G7U;#e7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>VtRWi#e 5 1#>e%:G7U;#; 5 :G' 5
]i'e E >7GK;}e:Ut+MK 5 7G78+e%:GCAB>W378p E <;Y%RiRWi; E 178'I1+ E ; E8E }>e:878;]
RW ;=<>@?AB:CD 7U78Wi_>+e7 5E3EG W3 5 M 5E ;7GN]+W)pw;$>+M'78;}MK E8E C
5 R:G7 55 $v*+: 5
^M']+W;$ EGEG5 VZ 5 W 5 eM. E E >W<e%:GK+}7 5E8E >R<e 5%E e E G;$+e%:G7 5 i;;$NMK7US>T 5 ;
MK E8E V 5 e 5 1 5^5 $v*: 5n;=<>?AB:CD ;$+16L E8E 7 E +7Z:8t+MK( 5 7878+e%:GVN;$FW 5 ; 5 Y%RFe 5 1 5E
EG W0 5 M 5%E6E *vW.e E >7GK; 5E e E :U3e 5 13:8L>M'<Y%RJ 5 7878 E 5 e;$ J MK E8E E +e; 5 eM' E ;C
5) eMB; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 V 5 1M 5 7ae%:G' 5 ;)1I7GKI1>MU :?A7B:CD ]J78>+RL>78; 5 V$;$J 5 7GWi)Y%R
e 5 1 E ;$NMK7US EaE >78T 5 + :GRL; E e0:8t+MK<;$e 1>M E Rt+78 5 7NC
D 5 W<+W 5E 5 W 5 +g >W<M 5 781 5 78 E .e%:U:GK+; R78zC'"C3 5 7U;$>W ;$01 E .:8; 5%E
e E`E >7GK0 XH
E +R.e%:8< 5E e W<>7 5%E 'e;$K+W 5%E e E`E +e; 5 1 E .:8; 5E
C'A D o ? "N
C'A D oK C'AD o C ?& HXD *"N
C'A D oK C'AD o C HXD {
=^ EGE 5 e%: 5 Va-:8L>M',;$ EG W3 5 M 5E 78 E +e%:U- 5 7GWiW 5E :G7U;-e R78CC
?de%:8T 5 V#+e%:G7U;<;i+M' EGE ]b'e E +78';<eL):8t+MKi;$ EG W3 5 M 5E V E8E e; 5 E +7^ E :Ui
MK E8E ) 5 787G>e:8Vy;$>1+eL; 5E R:8L>M'};$ EG W0 5 M 5%EJE >7JY%R+MKR E ;L7U'e E +78.7Je 5 1 5E
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ YQ:=;&^6^&^tN6G L >j = YQ=^^bLUGv6LQL Y&9n :; ;%[<G; :y=?>YQ= =^ ^UBu@ G LY&6; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G KZ H
_ %U> = Y >n ;Y `t : = Y RR^&=Y%p=S=Un; = ;%:tnR = YQ=cL%;%::
d K:QOYQGS=^QK^ G LN [ J K O G HK [ K 6O G G&HKG
e HK H
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
i RRn:;L :=cLQYQ=^^ = = Y%=
k J GPH K O6G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)">
i i
Maintable Curtable
0 int
1 string
2 A
3 Prx. livre
(c)
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q-
!)">
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 /x) X X
@0[+Z wx36`*d*^P `@
%q
c?Q=< C'A6
:?=<7;
>"NKCD
R78e:8&R E >-eL:Ut+MK; EG W3 5 M 5E V E5 W<+e%:G+e%:G7U; E ; 5 :G' 5
+M' EGE <3:8. 5E 'W<M' E VB7G E t>:G'1W<+e%:GI E T 5 5 e E ';$>78; E C3 'W)M.+p
W<+e%:8S+T 5 ;$ E8E 3W)]+: 5 ; 5 VLe7GNM'';;$VL;$ e0 E 78+78 E ;$3 E 5 5 7UiR$:8.M'._NS>T 5 ; E
MK E8E E C?dWRW;:G>7GW<'e; 5 5 e%: 5 ; 5 7 5 78W<V E T 5 + E8E 1> E : 5 ; E E MK E8E E ;$ p
eK; E eL)+M' EGE 5 7G78+e%:G((: 5 ; E ;$ e'; E +WMK E8E E ;$Je 1+MBWi E +g%:8+78e 5 C
F n JO Y Z LT HK :Q= O Y G LQYQ=^^U ZbH[ Qny 9K :: ;%Zb<H :<c=?>v= { B
\ :Q= Y nA` ;bn
_ HK O G K
d RRn6=Q:=cL&= = Y > ; = = YQ=cLQ;&::
e Y yrnu[` G YY6G { G&HK [ K O6G G&HKG
g NZ G HJ
h RRTp G : Z a Z L%=c^ G J >= G&HK := [ = [G LQYQ=^Q^ G ; JMKZ n;A^ Z >nY G ^
i RR GtG&HK ;SLQ;?>n6=%:=M; H ;> G
k
Frq Z aytyyrn TZbH n^ K B = H=b> L G ;%B aS H=YK :^yuvYQ{={ ^^{ ]] y|n ZbH ^ K = H L G ;&aS HK : Z >nY G {{
FuF : G%K%J H: H n/G GQI%J
Fr\ nM`TnB H6G v K RRXn:x%v Z >= GUHK := [ =
Fr_
F|d a-yY p Y n
`` YY6{XRRA^ ;t=L ; S; &p Y>= ^ v : ;
Fre Z : G G : J YQYH J RRT:GTH;%: = N JcYY G H G Z G KG H
Frg GQK%J HSHJ G%K H HQJ
Fh RRn:;L := ; &p Y>= ^ v : ;
Fri : : JY p HY n H B > G = Y Z BLQYQ=G ^^UKG H Qnyuv{
Frk G%K%J H G G J K O G ZbH[
\uq
?Q=< C'A6
5 M.:8e; 5 5 7 5 7UWi C V1+W 5E Y%R E +M' EGE `]`+e 5 e%:G7U;V>e:UT 5 RWiJ+g$+>S>T 5
:?=< C
A
]MKeLS+;C 4 EG5 5 e%:G7U78 5 V78'p E ^RWi3e 5 1b+e%:878; 7833MK E8E ^ EGE
+e%:878;]'e E +78';e:Ut+MK3 5 787G>e:8CZ= 5 :G Y%R 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 76;$ v3+RK;
;&<>@?ABCD Cz=
C'A H< HD V
;+7GKS>T 5 ;$zRWe 5 1 5}5 v*: 5 M'.e9L-
V E :Ue 5 1:8L>M': 5 7Gep E i
:8L>M'< 5 787G>e:8JJieM' E 5 e%:G'e%RL3e 5 eq M'9 5 ; 5 e# 5 787G>e:8V 5 E
]Je+M'bY%R 5 ;+W78>++7 5 R$:878 E ;$>+M'78S E ;$MK E8E E C
= 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%RzeM. E }RW g C'A H<6 HD 5 5 7G 5 ;+M' EGE NV+g$ E :G EG5 W<>e:8
RWi(U9Wi;^78 5^ M'9 5 YRF 5 e%:G]>WM' E :8(;$aMK E8E E e'e9; E VI 5 e$ 5 7GW<6W 5%E :878; 5
e 5 7 5 78W<0Co$C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ YQ=^^& N6G L j YQ=^^b6; [ Q9:; ;%[<G :y=?>YQ= =^ ^UB ; [ Q6; [G v{
\
_ Z a-Y%=^yuvA^% `` L HJY%Y=Y6^{^U: GQLQK%JY&: H ^ 6; yuv/BLY ^ {
d NG j G Z K [G Z K
e
H
? EGE EaE T 505E eK 5E e E YR 78>+ E W E +76:G7U:U; 5%E e E :807G'W<+'78b E (;0eM' E
E +Wie%:GK+C m T 5 +M' E Y%R^ 5E8E R+W 5 Ri E :UT 5 +WRW >W<.e9 5 Y%RM'+1RWib;>MK7US>T 5
;$(MK E8E C[ 5 eMP;$ E8E ( E V b E :G78R$:8R783;$^:Ut+MKb;$ EG W3 5 M 5E V+W :8+78W 5%E ;$(MK E8E E
;$NMK7U; E e 5 7 5 7UWiV% E :878) 5 W)M.+:8W<>e:8JW 5 e%:8;C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)$"
i i
Captulo 10
Anlise Semntica
Segunda Parte
=^ E :8#+ :8RM 5 V7G E >e:U78+W 5E E >ReL;7G:GV 5 R E >ReL;# E V;}eM' E E +p
Wie%:GK+C@=^>M'V E +7UT 5 eM. E ; 5E M.Re E E t> : 5E 78 >7G>e%:G E KJ 9>78eS+)>e:87Gb E MK E8E E
;$NMK7U; E z:8W0L]>W E ;$NMK7US E ; E 178KI1+ E VZ; 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E } 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7G E ; E
MK E8E E C
^W 5 R$:87 5 E LN : 5 Y%Ri;$>1 E >7(1+78 +; 5 +W 7G>M'S+T 5 J 9.>7878Y%RK;<+M' EGE E ]i
I
g$ E : +e+'<;$;$NMK7US E '78+RM'7G E 5 W 5
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA Dbs XQ
i i
Y%RJ]J.M'+%MXC[? EGE (:G' 5 ;$J7 5 M.>W<0eT 5)E +7Ub:878:8; 5 e E :80 E Je<eM. E E +Wie%:GK+C
l E : 5 5 78Y%RaJ 5 e E :U:US+T 5 ; 5 7 5 M.>W< E ( 5 ;$+78K E +7Z >H:U eL(;>MK7US>T 5 ;$ o[C E8E 'W}V
78 >7G'W 5E ;$K7b EGE 1>7G >S+T 5 7U} E E >R'e%:G#z 5 ;$>70 5 e%:U7 5 +787 5 v&e
eLM' E (;0;$NMK7US>T 5 ;$ C E8E 'W}V$e E :83 E V 5 :878:87a;$JRWi<;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$MK E8E V
5 eM' E ; 5 7 E +Wie%:8' 53E 'W<M' E W)>e%:G^1+78 > E E Rt+7UMK E8E `+g E :G^( 5 e%:8RW >7G7 5
+W > EG5 e>:G'1 55 R- 5 W<M':8z>e%:G7U;z;z+M' EGE 3eL#:Ut+MKz;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E VP'e;$K+eL; 5
Y%RMB E R E RL>78+M' EGE C
f 7U} E :8 E +Re; E < 5 F;$ e';MK E8E x'A6 cD o%VBY%R E i.eKK; E +R'e:8
Wie>.7U
x'A D o ?
eK; E 5E8E W E +70R$:G'M'._N; E Y%RXC 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7 E .W<M' E W<+e%:Gz.e 1 5 > 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7
; E RL>78+M' EGE 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 ] 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R;$+1 E >7#U9Wi; 5 t+M 5
C'A D o ?
5 W<.MK; 5 7)7U&;$ E 7U7)-eM' E E +Wie:8'>C Y%R E8E W<]: 5 ; 5 _z]'e%1 5 +7)
465 W 5 ;$ 5E :GRW<V E8E FW<]+: 5 ; 5 t+7U 5 7G78FbM. E :U;$^MK E8E E U9W<e; 55 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R
:G7U:U;$#+;}RWi;$>M' E C m #RW+787 5}5 5 7G78)+WM'RWi}; E MK E8E E V 5 5 e%:U; 5 7b;$
+787 5E ]J.e+7G>W<+e%:8; 5 J<eM' E 5 e:8.e R078 5 7G E : 5 ;)M. E :U<;$bMK E8E E C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L j Y%=^^U G LQY& Z 9^ :K ;%6<; :[=?G>=y Z Db^ sCK B 6 ; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d K :QM=Q : L YQ=^^U LQY&6; ymyuYQ=^^b LQY&; {Pv/B ; {
e N6G j G [G G [G H [G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
""
!)/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvnx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x<X1<[^P `@ ""
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L j :Y%=;U^^U^S G LQ>Y&6= ; 9[:G ;%LU<y:YQv6=?=>L ^=n^U DbG sCL%; BuY&@ ; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G KZ H
_ %U> = Y >n ;Y `t : = Y RQRS^%=Y&p= = YQ=MLQ;%:Q:
d K:QOYQGS=^QK^cG LXN` [ YY J K O G K O6G G&HKG
e HK :QYQ=^Q^ L HJ
g HK H
h
i Z a-a-yuyuvAv/B`^ ` n HJ: Y=bY6> {: GQuK%` J : H Y Y6{
k Z J G H G HJ
Frq RLPRP`-p G yr: Z a :Z L&=cYQ=^ G^^{t^ J n G :6: LQ=YQ=Y^^ G BLQaY%=; ^ZX^&[G a ZbHnZ&[ yv/= B^ n : =U> B >=Q< {
FuF HK J K O G Z?H[ J G H G Z G
Fr\ Z ayLT`` HJ YY6{PRRP GTH6 ;P=L N ; J ^ J n G :LQYQ=^^ G 6
Fr_
F|d K&N :;& H6G Mv/ G B>^ = Hn K6:Z Lb=b>v6L G B n >K6=QZ <; H yv/fB|nl ;^ Z&; K6Z ;aH ; tlbl%J{n G :6LQYQ=^Q^zlf
Fre J G H G Z G H K JQH[
Frg
Fh LX`y :Y%=^^{P : = Y BLQYQ=^Q^& nyuv/B =b> B >=Q< {
Fri H LB|n6=Q: HK `AL RRAJ L%K;YO;L%=G = = ZbHYQ[=M;P=UnH ; G= Z;%:tnG RA^ n :6L%YQ=^^
Frk H GUHK H K OG HK [ J G G
\uq J=%::K = O YL G YQ` =H^Q^UL6B H6; G %^ 6K;G%[ yv/RRB ;K = O6{G YQ =cLQ;&:: G&HKG ` K = OG YQ= [ =SLQYQ=^^ G
\F : N6= G Y j ` >n [ ;Y [ G RO RT[: L n := = YQ=cLQ;%::
\u\ J K O G KG N [ G J G K O6G G&HKG
\u_
I J ?=D
>"N/ CH
NDc A
>D
l eKKM'W)>e%:GV`78 >7 >eK :8t+MK, 5 7G78+e%:8] E M'1e178'I1+M CQ?dW
E +R';V1+78 >p E E ^g$ E :8^e 5 e3 5 7G78+e%:G^;b781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+ 5 M.9 5 VY%R
#8& : J
;=<>@?AB:CDC o C'A6! J/E HEN
'e;$K+Y%R^JMKR E RMK a 5 R E ;C?dW > EG5 5%E .:G'1 5 V(+e%:G7U;J 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G
E RL>78+M' EGE ]J7 5 R7U;e3:8t+MK)R$:G'M'._Ne; 5)5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 VY%RV
5 W 5 1% E : 5 e 5 + :8RM 5 7G E t+.:8& E 78+78 E ;$ E 5 5 7U E MK E8E E C EGE .W}V E 5
7 5 78W<; 5 7J:8+e%:87<R$:G'M.'_>7) 5 W 5-E Rt+7UMK E8E zRWi-+M' EGE zY%ReT 5 5 `;$NMK7U; 5 R
Y%R3eLT 5 ]<+ E8E 1>Me 5 5 e:8g : 5 5 7G78+e%:GVtL E Y%R E iM'90RWigNS+T 5 ]0MKeS>;V
'e:8+787 5 W<L>e; 5 )eM' E E +Wie%:GK+0780: 5 ;) EGE <MK E8E C
4 EG5 E Rt+7UMK E8E E *v`>e 5 e%:G7U;V>`178KI1+M @ 5E8E R%^ 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:GZ+e%:G7U;ae
:8L>M'0;$ E W3 5 M 5E CZ?dW E >RK;V%0+e%:G7U;b 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8 J MK E8E E >e; 5 ;>MK7U;]
I JbE Rt+7UMK E8E C?
:?A7B:CD
7 5 R7U;(e:8t+MK 5 W<M':U; 5 WJ7G+ +7 +e+' E :G ]^ E K+W)>e%:G
: 5 ; 55 7 5 E8E W<+e%: 5 78>M.'_>; 5 L>M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C fZ5E :G>7G 5 78W<+e%:GVF1M 5 7;$
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"N
!)
i i
]:8RM''_>; 5 78Y%R E ;>MK7US E Y%R E >78T 5 eM' E ; E e 5E e E GHg 5 }; 5 e
x
A6 D o2 C'A6 H<6 HD
5 7G78+e%:8 E vW M'K+; E eL7G:G(;J:Ut+MK3;$ E W3 5 M 5E 5 7878 E 5 e;$+e%:8^b E8E bMK E8E C
: ?AB:CD
W<]: 5 ; 5 ]b'e 1 5 +; 5 780:G7U:U7; 5 5 7G 5 ;#+M' EGE VLe 5
78: 5 7Ge 5 V 5 1IM 5 7^;$ ]J7G E :UR7U; 5 C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L j Y%=^^U6; [ Q6; 9[:G ;%<y:YQ=?=>^=^U6Db; sC[ BQ ; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d =%: L YQ=^Q^U LQYU ^ ; yuvCBLQY ^ {
e =%: N6G L j =Q:Q LQGY& ^ Z 6K; [yuv/G BpY ^ Z {K
g =%: N6G L j ; ^ G : L Z K LQY&[G ^ 6; Z yuKvBL Y ^ {
h N6G j H K J K G Z K [G K Z K
i RRt^ ; v ^ LQ; ^ : L ;%:CyE{ ^ : >
a=Y^%;
k GTH6 G Z KG H K J K ZbH G GTJ
Frq Z a-y J : K = O Y G B > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ H LQY%=^^y?lbLQ; H ^ K : J L K ;%:l HJ YY6{o`` HJ YQY6{
FuF J : K = O Y G B= [[ y HG
HK : GQK%N ; [ y?lULQ; H ^ K : J L K ;%:l
Fr\ J : K = O Y G BY G p G Y J n K : JG {{
Fr_
F|d =%: L ; L%Y& ^ 6; yv/B >Y ^ {
Fre N6G jGQK%N [ G Z K [G Z K
Frg
E W<]: 5 ; 5E Y%RZ:878:8W; E ;$>+M'78S E ;$d17GKI1> EPE T 5 W 5E :G7U; 5%E e 5 7 5 7UWi ">
Co$C
7G'W<+'7 5 :G7U:Uz;}M. E :U};$#;$>+M'78S E 5E >ReL; 5 .e E +78i+;17GKI1>M[eL:Ut+MK
;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E C l eKKM'W<+e%:GV 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 :G>e:U+e 5 e%:G7U7 e#:Ut+MK};$ EG W3 5 M 5E z+M' EGE
R$:8.M'._N;)e<;$NMK7US>T 5 C fZ5 7`+g >W<M 5 V 5 eM. E 7`<;$>+M'78S+T 5
h=^iXi e
]Je>+ E8E 7G 5 1+78 +7 E <MK E8E lb|L 5 B;>MK7U;C
c
;=<>@?AB:CDC o C'A7J/KHbN
= 5 :G0Y%R3W) E W 5E 3i17GKI1>My E :G'1+7 E >e; 5 ;$NMK7U;< 5 W 5 RW:G' 5 E K 5 u-
5 R
* XzutVy EGE #R E >R$:8.M''_>eL; 5 .7Ui Re 5 e7>C f 78 E8E5 V
'e:87 5 ;$R_+'W 5%E ei:8t+MK; EG W0 5 M 5%E ;$R E >e:878; E` : +' E Y%Rb78+7G E >e:UW 5E :G' 5%E
E K 5%E Y%RV[ 5 73 E :U78+W e 5 e 1+MdWi E M.: 5 ;:Ut+MKV E T 5 EGEG 1+ E ;$Y%RM'Y%R>7
5 e%: 5 ; 5 7 5 78W<C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">/
!)o
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvnx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x<X1<[^P `@ ">/
4 EG5 )+M' EGE J;i;$>+M'78S+T 5 eT 5<E *v)>e 5 e:878;V RW+787 5)5 5 7G78C 4 EG5 5 e%:G7U78 5 V
78`>;a178KI1+Me^;$NMK7US+T 5 ]d.e E >7GK;aRWi^>e%:G7U;ae`:8t+MK^;$ E W3 5 M 5E 5 787G>e%:G
'e;$K+eL; 5 VM.]>W; 5#E +Rz:G' 5 V E RL);.W<+e E T 5 C
=^>e9 RW I
5 e%:87 5 M.<]i >H: 5&E5 78#}g$ E : >eK;$z;$>+M'78S E 78+t:GK; E V 5 R E *vV E
v9RWi178'I1+Md 5 W 5 W< E W 5 e 5 W<C l E : 55 5 7G78<+W1%'7G:GR;$z; E +7U:G>7 KE :8'> E
E +Wie%:GK+ E Y%R3Y%R+78+W 5%E ;7 J M.'eRL>W}C6?dW
X ++
VLeT 5#E 3;$>1t+78W<H:8.7(YRbRWi
178'I1+M EG5 78+ 5 e9L 5 RQ7GN;$>+M'7GRWi 5 R$:878178KI1+Ma>WRWi E Rt+7UMK E8E C E8E 'W}V
e E :8` 5 e: 5 ;beM' E E >Wie%:GK+ E +78'J 5E8E 1>M$1>7G +7 E ^J17GKI1>M E +eL; 5 ;$ e';av
5 B;>MK7U;e)W< E W<)MK E8E V Wi E eT 5<E +78'3 5%EGEG 1+MP1>7G >7 E J E8EG535 5 7G78>WRWi
E RL>78+M' EGE V6M.>W37UeL; 5 YR} E Rt+7UMK E8E 5 ;7GN+7i;$> 5 E V`;$+e%:87 5 ; 5 $;$' 5 p
5 e%:8VB<Y%R E R E ;>MK7US E ;$<1I7GKI1>M.e;eT 5 5 78W eM. E ; E C fZ5 7J EGEG5 VP EGE
E t> : 5iE >7801>7G +; 5 e)7GIg$'Wib E ;ieM' E E >W<e%:GK+C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L j =%:Q G LQYU Z ^ K 9:; ;%[<G :=?y >Z =^ K Db6sC; B[ G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d K :QM=Q : L =Q:Q L%Y&6; ymy=%:Q LQYU6; {Tv/B ; {
e N6G j G [G G [G H [G
g L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
h K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
i %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^Q=Q< yE{{
k a; JHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LUZ?H:K:;%H:fQGf GQK%G G
Frq
FuF =%: L =Q:Q LQY& ^ 6; yuv/B v {
Fr\ N6G j G Z K [G HG K
Fr_
F|d n Y LPp; =Q: L =%:Q LQYU6; yr=Q:Q LQY&6; v{
Fre JO Z Z&[ NG j :;&G ^S [>G= LbGv6L n [G;
Frg K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
Fh :Q= Y L
Fri HK^ 6; O Gn
Frk Z K [G
\uq
\F Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
\u\ RRT=L = := = ; n; =tp=Q: p Y
\u_ LX`S N : =GUHKY B[LQYQ=[^^U K6Z Qn[ yuv/B|n6;^ Z% ;G B >=%< {
\d RRt^ J K ;tO =GL ; ZbH [ Z&K6Z H Z G
\ue T
G 6
H N J
\ug Z a-yLP:`;U` HJ cYY6{ >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n;^ ; Sl?Y%=^^ml?f
\h K%N H6G v/G Bn;H^ K6Z ; B G >K6=Q<Z H fl ; Z&K6Za; H l%{
\ui Z&KZ H Z G H K JH[
\uk RRn6=Q:=cL&= =tp=%: p Y = LQYQ=Q:=L ;L&: = >= := = = = YQ=
_uq a;&:yrnM`Pv/[ Bp=Q:^(Z%n G u` [ Y[YG nM`Tn B v { Z J GUHK [ H K O6G
_F HJ H6G K
_u\ =Q:Q; [GSI ` y=Q:%6; [G {nB H ; [G
_u_ J : K = O Y G B= [[ y HG
HK :Q=Q:Cy I Bn;^ Z&KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G oL I B [Z >{{
_d
_ue
_ug
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA D? X
i i
?dW E >RK;(]a +.:8eM' E a; 5E 5 e E :G78R$: 5 78 E C f 7U(>;J;$NMK7US>T 5 ;^ 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7NV
'e'+'M.W<>e:8 E T 5 eM. E ; 5EF5%E 7UW<:87 5%E ;$>+M'78; 5E C 4 ;)78W<:G7 5 ]3eM. E ; 5
1>7G >p E E 5 :G' 5 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8g$ E :8Vy 5 W 5 5 +.: 5 e;$NMK7US>T 5 ;$01I7GKI1> E C
?=<6MD o
4 EG5J5 :G' 5 eLT 5 g$ E :UVRW+787 5J5 5 7G78C=JM'.e9LJ%o(; 5 7 5 78W<3">
C (]`W 5 e%:8;(RWi
M' E :8RW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :G' 5 ;$ E 78.: 5 e 5 > :GRM 5 %` 5 W 5%E :G' 5E 0;$.W<>e E E
;$i+;7UW<+:G7 5 C0= 1+7U;;$Vy EGE M. E :U])W 5 e:U;;$< 5 7GWiz.e 1>7:8';z 5 E +;
78W)+:G7 5 ]J'e E +78'; 5 e 5 'e 5 ;<M. E :UC
j 5 78b; 5! :CD
;=<>@?AB:CDC >D7?Q HJCQ2H o C
A6 ]R:G'M.'_>; 5 5 W
V E8E JM. E :U]^'e 1+7G:GK;JV>e:UT 5 VR$:8.M'._N;b7UJ7 5 +R7U7 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7
e-:8L>M';$ EG W0 5 M 5%E CW<]: 5 ; 5
;$^RWW<]: 5 ; 5 ^RWiJM' E :8b;`:G' 5%E V 5 7dW<+ 5 ;$^RW 5 $v*: 5?=<D oCB^M']+W;$ EGEG5 V+M'
E :GJ'e%:GR.: 5 Ck? EGE JW<]: 5 ; 5 ]JW 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78W<#">
CqbR$:G'M.'_>)e)t E Y%R E 5 e 5 W<
M'.W<.:8 E RL R E > J +M' EGE a 5 7878+e%:GC l E8E5 5 7UYR 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7Z]FRWW<]: 5 ; 5bE >We 5 W<V
;$NMK7U; 5 5 7[W<+ 5 ; M'I1 7UpwU9I1K
a
e 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8V>W< E :878:8; 5 t+M 5
eLM' E ; 5 7^ 5 W 5 RW W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%RM'Y%R>7>C^;$. +78+eS>i]0Y%Rb>M.0]b'e E >7GK; 5 eL<:8L>M'z;$
EG W0 5 M 5%E R:G'M.'_>e; 5J5 e 5 W<d 5 e E :G78R: 5 7 VGvJY%R`eT 5 ]at+78W<H:8'; 5 RWW<]: 5 ; 5 5 W\ EGE
e 5 W)C f[5 7G]>W}V$+WRWi E RL>78+M' EGE V:8MB 5 e E :87GR: 5 7NV$ 5 W 5E W< E W 5%E 7UW<+:G7 5E V 5 ;$
:G>7 E '; 5 ;$NMK7U; 5 V 5 Y%ReLT 5 .e 1M'K;i<;$>+M'78S+T 5 5 7G78+e%:GCZ?dW78 E RW 5 V$RW+787 5<E
5 5 7G78 E Je<MK E8E 5 787G>e:8 RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7a 5 W 5E W< E W 5E 78W)+:G7 5E 5 ;>MK7U; 5 C
4 EG5 5 e%:8787G 5 V 5 5 e E :87GR: 5 7a]J'e E >7GK; 5 e0:8L>M'i 5 787G>e%:GC
?=<6MD7? H
=M'.e9Lo; 5 7 5 7UWi"N
C Vy1+W 5E Y%R 5 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7J]<.e E >7GK; 5 5 W 5 RW W<]+p
: 5 ; 5 e 5 78W<M{C}=U9LWi;} 5 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7b;$ V 5 78'W)>.7 5 78RW)>e%: 5 ]
5 e 5 W)z;; 5 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V 5 R E vVy 5 e E :G78R: 5 7 C} E >Re; 5 ] 5 :G' 5 ;$#78: 5 78e 5 ; 5
:?ABCDC=CDQ:D:C?N
W<]: 5 ; 5 V[e E :G#> EG5 VBR E W 5%E }+e%:G7U;e:Ut+MK;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E ;MK E8E <:GRM{V[Y%R
E :8<>W Cd:G+7U>.7 5 78RW<>e: 5 ]3i;$'W<+e E T 5 ; 5 :G' 5 ;b7G+: 5 7Ge 5 C
?^V eM'W<+e%:GV 5 HMH:8.W 5 ])M. E :8i;$(:G' 5E ; 5%E 7UW<+:G7 5E 5 78W< E ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L j ; H ^ K : J L K G 9L%:Y&;% <Z :^ =?K>6=; [DbG sCyrBu Z ^ K 6; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d
e K :QM=Q : L ; ^ : L LQY&6; yy; ^ : L L%Y&6; {Sv/B ; {
g N6G j H K J K G [G H K J K G [G H [G
h L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
i K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
k %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^Q=Q< G yE{{
Frq
a ; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
FuF
Fr\ =%: L ; ^ : L LQY& ^ 6; yuvB v {
Fr_ N6G j H K J K G Z K [G HG K
F|d
Fre
Frg n Y LPp; =Q: L ; ^ : L L%Y&6; y; ^ : L LQY&6; v{
Fh JO Z Z&[ NG j :H;UK^SJ K>= G LU[v6GL n H ; K J K G [G
Fri K%N G HK6Z G KZ H
Frk :Q ; L
\uq HK :QQGQK%LPN :A[ ` YY
\F HK :Q=G Y HJ
\u\ HK^ 6; O Gcn G
\u_ Z K [G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"No
!)q
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvnx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x<X1<[^P `@ "No
++ Vy:
5 ;}MK E8E <;$+13:8+7JRW 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7 E >W 78W)+:G7 5E YR E +7UU9LWi; 5 + E5z5
X
5 7G 5 ;$ RW 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7@;RWi E RPMK E8E ^eLT 5 R$:8.M''_++g$M.K.:8W<+e%:G 5 5 Wie; 5
9
1+7+ :GRM 5 "Ii78zWi E ;$:UM'9 E C3 EGE 'WV E <z+M' EGE )eT 5 5%EGE Rd;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$
?Q=<6D7?Q H
:8M@ 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>VBRW<}>e%:G7U;M E }]i'e E +78';zeL:Ut+MK;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E f 7 5 78W<-">
C LV
M'.e9L#"N Cd HM.:G'W 5 78RW<>e: 5 ;3U9LWi; 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7 .e;'>`v*R E :8p
W<+e%:GbY%R E (:G7U:8<;$RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 76M EG5 C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA Db X
i i
F n J O Y Z LT HK :Q GQK%N ; [ > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ H 9LQ:Y%;%=<^:^=?>y =K : DbZbsCH B(<m' vC( HK :Q G LP:{
\ :Q= Y nA` ;bn
_ HK O G K
d HK :QYQ=^Q^ I
e RRn6=Q:=cL&= = := = = = YQ=
g Y yrnu[` G&HYKY6{ [ [ K OG
h NZ G HJ
i RRPp : a L&=c^ n6;tT : ; L%;?>n6=Q:=M; ;?>
k G Z Z GtK6Z HK G%K%N [cG H G
Frq Z ay(n ZbH ^ K = H L G ;&aS HK : GQK%N ; [ Pn B H =?> G B GQI&J =Y^yv{M{
FuF HK : G%K%N ; [MK `-y HK :Q GQK%N ; [ {on
Fr\ RRSLQ;?>n6=%:=A;^on=Q:b> G%K :;^
Fr_ ay B|n6=%:=b>`` HJ YY6{
F|d Z K
Fre
Frg Z ayu:S`` HJ YQY6{o: GQK&J : HcK
Fh
Fri G Y^ G
Frk
\uq Z a: y K B|n6:=Q:=?>B GQI%J =Y^yu:{{
\F G%K%J HcK
\u\
\u_ nc `XnB H6G v K 3RRXn:x&v Z >= GUHK := [ =
\d
\ue : : YY3RR ;t=L ;
\ug G%K%J HSHQJ H6 N J
\h
= 5 7 5 7UWi)">
C E T 5 W 5E :G7U; 5%EZ5E W<]+: 5 ; 5E Y%R`:G7U:UW ; E ;$>+M'78S E ;$W)]+: 5 p
; 5%E ;b+M' EGE Ck7 5 +>;$'W<+e%: 5 ]W3R.: 5)E >W)>M.9Le%:G`783;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$( 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E C
E ;$H >7G>eS+ E .e'+'W0p E FeL M''e9bo
V 5 eL;$ 5 e 5 W<^; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ]`7 5 +R78; 5 e :8t+MKV
eT 5 (M'I1 7U6 7
)+ C?@W E +R';V+ E5(5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 eT 5 +g E :8 eJMK E8E a 5 7G78+e%:GV
]3;$'+ 5 e;0RW<#+e%:G7U;<eL<:8L>M'#; E W3 5 M 5E ;$ E 78+1+e; 5<5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 V 5 R E *vV E +R
e 5 W)V:8. 5 ;#7G+: 5 7Ge 5 V;$'W<+e E T 5 ; 5 78: 5 7Ge 5 #:G' 5%E ; 5%E 78W)+:G7 5E 5 7GWi E C D 5 ;
E8E 3'e$ 5 78WiS>T 5 ]7G+:G'78;0; 5 e< 5 787G>e%:GJ;i781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'>C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L jG%K%N ; [ G LQY& 9Z :^ ;%K <6:; =?[>G =y DbZ sC^ BuK ; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d K :QM=Q : L ; LQY&; yy ; LQYU6; {Tv/B ; {
e N6G jGQK%N [ G [G GQK%N [ G [G H [G
g L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
h K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
i %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^Q=Q< yE{{
k a; JHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LUZ?H:K:;%H:fQGf GQK%G G
Frq
FuF =%: L ; L%Y& ^ 6; yv/B v {
Fr\ N6G jGQK%N [ G Z K [G H6G K
Fr_
F|d
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"Iq-
!)
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvnx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x<X1<[^P `@ "Iq
Fre n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ =Q: NG L jG%K%N ; [ G LQY&6; [G y G%K%N ; [ G LY&6; [G v{
Frg K%N :;U^S G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
Fh HK :Q GQK%N ; [ L
Fri HK :QQ G LP:A` HJ YY
Frk HK :Q= O Y GcG
\uq Z ^ K 6; [G n
\F =Q:Q G LQY&6; [GAI
\u\ =Q:Q; [GPJ
\u_
\d ZbHKPH
\ue a-yuvA`` YY6{: :
\ug nAZ `tv/B O ; [ H/J B|n6=%:=b>GQ K%J H
\h
\ui H `SY s yrnu` YY6{ RRXn=Q:=ML%= [ =Tn6=Q:b> GQK :; [ ;> K ; [ ;
\uk NZ G HJ
_uq
_F H ff`- yr=Q:Q LQY&6; {on B ; RR ` x = LQYQ=Q:=L ; ;on=Q:b> :;
_u\ I G [G H [G I H [ [G [ G%K
_u_
_d JRRt`-=L yr=Q=S:Q6= ; [G { :I= Bp= =Q:6=^B H ;= [G YQ= RR ; J ` nH; xtLQ;?>; H ;?> GSGT[6Z > G&H ^ ;
_ue N G&HK [ H K OG [ K6Z
_ug GRRA`t^ J : K =;tO Y=GL BLQ; Y%=^^&Q6Z?H [ ny I B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=Q< G {
_h GXH6 N J
_ui Z ay :G ;&`` HJMYY6 { >= LUvL n ; y Bn;^ ; Al?YQ=^^
lf
_uk K%N H6G G B|Hn6K6;Z^ ; G B K6>Z =QH< I fl Z&K; Z H a; l%{
dq I Z&K6Z H Z G H K JH[
dF RRALQ; ^ :x Y ^ = n6;^ ;^n6=Q:b> :;^
d\ :A` HHG SK HKZ :QZ G KLy G [ GtJ K6B [6Z Z > H[ :{ GQK
d_ nc`XnB H6G v K
dud
de a-yu: u` YY6{
dg Z :A`P:CB HJ p : yE{ RR p : =tY ^ =
dh ZbH G KG ZbH G KG Z K
di RRn:;L J := H = K = O6G YQ=S; K6Z n; [G : GQK ;%: H ; [ ;> K ; [ ;
dk
euq G a-`Sy J :`K` = O Y GYY6BLQ{ YQ=^^U ZbH[ Qnyuv/B|n6;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=%< G {
eF Z G :;U HJ c >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n;^ ; Sl?Y%=^^mlf
eu\ K%N H6G G v/B|nHK6;^Z ; G B K6>Z =QH< f
l Z&K6; Z H a; l%{
eu_ Z&K6Z H Z G H K JH[
ed RRn:;L J :=X> K ; [ ; H = K = O6G Y%= [G&HK :; [ => G ^>=cLQY%=^^ G
eue LX`S J : K = O Y G B > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ H LQYQ=^^yuv/B H =b> G B Z >=< G :{
eug a-yLP`` YY6{
eh Z RRA^ GXHH6J ;t=L N ; J Z?H ^ G : G
eui LP` S : ; yuvCB =b> B >=Q< (v/B > :{
euk J : K H= OG Y G BH= [K [ yLGQ{K& N [ H G Z G G [6Z
guq
gF
gu\ G Y^ G :;URR> cK ; [ ; >= =QV [LUG v6a LZbHn ZU[ ; ; H =oyuv/> B|nG ;^>^ =MLQ;Y%=^S^ G l Q6; lf
gu_ K%N H6G G HK6Z v/B G=b> K6Z B >H =%< fZ&lK6y?Z lH fyu:AG%`K%` N [ YY ll:CB ; :CyE{{
gd fH l%{lG f
Z l=GY%: G = [ [G LQYQ=Q: GQ[ l%H{J K K
gue
gug
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">
!)/
i i
465 W EGEG5 :8+78W)'e E >ReL;} E z;&eLM' E E +Wie%:GK+C- 5&E +R eMXVZ:G>W 5E e
:8L>M';$ EG W0 5 M 5%E E +M' EGE E ;>MK7U; E Vt78<+;<RWi#;$>M' E Vt<M. E :8#;$31I7GKI1> E V
W<]: 5 ; 5E 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E C D W3t]+We E :G+ E5 V 5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E 78 E 5 e E I1> E t+MK&eM' E
E T 5 E :8e%:G E .W<M' E b 5 R 5%E :G' 5E ;b+787 5%E`E >Wie%:GK 5%E 5 ;$>W 5 5 7G78+7NC@M.]>W ; E8E5 V
EG5 W<+e%:GJ7:8;i781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'>)7GN E E +7^eM' E ;C@ E e E Y%R E :UT 5 ;$>e:87 5 5 R
L.g 5 ;;>MK7US>T 5 ;)W<]+: 5 ; 5E i 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7G E eT 5}E T 5 eM' E ; 5E VP 5 E e>e9 RWi
'e$ 5 78WiS+T 5 t+7G:G'e+e%:8a E8E ^ E a;JeM. E E +Wie%:GK+ g$ E :8F Cd:878M'9 5 7GNM'W)>e%:G
L E ; 5 0;eLM' E E +Wie:8'> E +7Ui >H: 5 e#:8+7U>.7U# "HM.:G'Wi E VBY%R E >781% E :8ze 5
+ :GRM 5 ""C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
">
!)/"
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvnx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x<X1<[^P `@ ">
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)/
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
$"
!)//
i i
Captulo 11
Anlise Semntica
Parte Final
j[.eM.W<>e:8U9>W 5%EyJ HMH:8.Wi}+:8L;eM. E E >W<e%:GK+C? E :U]#}Wi E 5 W)p
M'g); E :G7 I E E E Ck=^>M' E >78T 5 :878:8; 5Ed5%E ;$.1+7 E5%E E t>: 5E ;$>Hg; 5E L>e;$>e:8 E e E
E E e%:G+78 5 78 E VP 5 W 5 Vy 5 7+g$+W<M 5 V1>7G >S+T 5 ;};$ eKS+T 5 +.7URM'7(;$#+M' EGE E V
78.eL'M'W<+e%:GVBzU9N++W ;3:8. 5E C)= E >S>T 5 ""C'" E >78T 5 5 W)>e%:8; E E 78.eL' E
+78 :8+7 'E :GK+ E ;$ E :U+;b'W< 5 7:Ue+'3;3U9N++W ;$^:8. 5E e RW 5 W<.MK; 5 7NC?dW
E +R';V E +7Ui78 E +e%:8;< E R<.W<M'+W<>e:US>T 5 78<e 5%EGEG5 5 W<.MK; 5 7
X ++
>W:87 I E
E >S E }78.W<>.7Uz; E 78+1i}eLM' E E >W<e%:GK+z7U 5E e E W< E M.: 5E 5 W 5 ;$>+M'p
7US+T 5 ;$<MK E8E E E RL E 178'I1+ E P m E +Re;z;$ E 78+13eM. E 07U 5%E 5 WieL; 5E ;
M'.eR+W pm$0:G+7U>.7UV 78 5%E ;$.1+7 E5%E :8. 5E ;$g$78 E8E E C
?de%:8T 5 V 5 W 5 ]J >H:U< E8E )U9N++W dW 5%E .eKK7^ 5 WRWg$>W)M 5iE .W<M' E C
b g
d_&S=Xd=[
$"
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)/
i i
? E8E @:G78>U9 5 ;$@7 5 78Wia+7U`7G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>^W 5E :G7U;ae R7U""C."C f 7U^eM. E 7
E 5 5 Wie; 5 Q]M'+M{V@ E : 5 ]V E E R&g$78 E8E T 5 ;$} 5 e:87 5 M.z7 5 ;R_zRW 7G E RM.:8; 5
'e:8+'7 5 V E >7GK0 E :8e:8 E 'W<M. E Cd +1+W 5E
O
7 5 R787a)178KI1+M JeL3:Ut+MK<;$ E W3 5 M 5E m
t+%7 5 :G' 5 5 WYRb017GKI1>M 5 ;$>+M'78; m
MKeLS+7`RW<)+g$+>S>T 5 + EG5)5 :G' 5 eT 5)E *v c{C
$" !"
HD
>1>W 5%E M'+W07U7NV 5 78]+W}V YR(3g$78 E8E T 5 ;$( 5 e%:G7 5 M'^e>W E >W<7G ]RWi0178'I1+M
3 NCD% H7D
E .W<M' E W<+e%:GC m 5 M'978W 5E eb;$ eKS+T 5 ; 5 e V1>7G>W 5%E YR 5J M'9 5 5 7G78 E 5 e$p
J
NCD% H7D
;$>e:8 g$78 E8E T 5 ;$J 5 e%:87 5 M.^]J; 5 :G' 5 VY%R(] ;$ eK;) 5 e 5 78W) W 5E :G7U 5
7 5 78W<}""C'"C ])RWiMK E8E ) E :G7U:Ui078+7G E >e:UiRWizg$78 E8E T 5 Y%RM.p
Y%R+7NV 5 W 5 VB 5 7+g$+W<M 5 VRW< E .W<M' E 17GKI1>M{VyRWi 5 e E :8e:8VBRW< EG5 Wi};$i;$R E
E RL+g$7G EGEG E V RWi 5 L>78S+T 5 ;$M 5 +S+T 5 ;$JRW 5 $v*+: 5 C
F 6n =L j =Q< G ^& HK =L K6Z L&: GG 9:;%<:=?>=DDBED
\ >n;&: ;
_ Z K j6GUH
d = ^ :=L n Y LALQY%=^^Xv&n: 6; v ^t :=Y&;
e O K K JQO Z G [GAG KGUH[ G&HG [G
g n Y LTv%n: 6; yu; {
h JO Z G [G j6GUHmK
i ^ n :Cy {
k J G K
Frq
FuF
f 7U E >7GW 5E W< E 78> EG5E V+ E M' E :Ub; E MK E8E E Y%R^ E :G>e;$>W N/cD% HD 5 Y%R
+;)RWi<;$+MK E 78+78 E +e%:UC
? ?& HD kRWi< 5 e E :Ue%:G; 5 :8. 5 XV 5 W
5 >W
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)/o
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /
^ } m
;:?6 c?& HD kRWii 5 e E :8e%:8J; 5
* XV 5 W
:8. 5 5 +W
^ ^f^iSXd:b[7
|CXC 6 ?& HD kR E5 ;i 5 e E :8e%:Gl7 V 5 W 5 +W
^[XhXh
x'A66 H D kR E5 ;$RWi)178'I1+My 5 W 5 E +R.7b{Y%RP:G>W 5E ; 5 E x'A66 H D
^g
@HMH HD RWi 5 L>78S+T 5 ;$a;$KS+T 55 R E R$:G7US>T 5 >e%:G78F;$RL EZE RL+g 7G EGEG E VI 5 W 5
^g-`
|C?& HD bRWi 5 L>78S+T 5 ;$iW3RMH:8.M'K+S>T 5}5 R;$'1 E T 5}5 R78 E : 5 +e%:87Gi;$R EE Rp
tg$78 E8EG E V 5 W 5 +W
^g `
cA6=<6 H D kRWi 5 t+7US+T 5 ;(e+S+T 5 ReL78'V 5 W 5
^ }~X
MD:C'A? cAMC HD iRW< 5 t+7US+T 5 ;$z 5 W<78S+T 5}5 R E R$:G7US>T 5 +e%:87G;$R E0E Rp
tg$78 E8EG E V 5 W 5
^g `
MD! BcD o ?& HD 5 t+7US+T 5 ;JM 5 >S+T 5 ;(RWe 5 1 505 $v*: 5 V 5 W 5 >W
^[_Yb[7SV
AMCXCE HD dU9W<;<;$JRWW<]+: 5 ; 5 VL 5 W 5 +W
^f K\ gX_`SZGf b_7ha
2HD HD d+ E8E5 )RW>M.>W)>e%: 5 ;$RW7878Ii 5 W 5 >W
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X @Q
i i
#" !
&2 %K
^gK }
dW 5E E R 5 7>Vt+e%:8T 5 VLRW E >ReL; 5 g$+W<M 5 ;$) 5 W<e; 5 UVy+Rv7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>i]
7G E >e:U;3e R78z""C C
b ^g w }
d7_&S=7d=[ |
f 7U0 EGE (g$+W<M 5 V E H:8RS>T 5<E 5 W<M.K+)RW 5 R 5 Wi E CZe%:G E ; E L>7aY%RM 5
:G' 5 ;0+g$7G EGE T 5 ;$ 5 e%:87 5 M.V%]JeN EGE 78 5 +M'+RM'7 5 :8. 5 ;$+; E Rtg$78 E8E T 5 C f[5 7
g$>W)M 5 Vt]078> EG5E L>7 E l^g } E T 5 +g$7G EGEG E ; 5 :G' 5 'e%:G+'7 5 78i 5 ;$+78+W
E +7 5 W<7U; E 5 7W<> 5 ; 5#5 t+7U; 5 7 C fZ5 7 E Ri1+_b]37GN E5#E t+7 E 3 E 178'I1+ E
^<g E T 5 ; 5 :8. 5 .e%:8+'7 5 7U) 5 ;$>7G>W
>
E +7 EG5 Wi; E (7 5 ;$R_>.7`RW78 E RMH:U; 5 'e:8+'7 5 C
465 W 5 5 ;$+W 5E L>78++t+7NV 5%E :8. 5E ; E g$78 E8E E ;$+1+W E >7+M'+RMK; 5%E ;3Hg 5
78'WiI V}7G:G'7; EE
R tg$78 E8E E Wi EE .W<M' E V:G]iY%R E <U9+R J +g 7G EGE T 5
5 W<M.+:8CW<e+'7Uz'M'R E :878:G'1V1*vW 5%E e 5 7 5 78W<-""C 5 Y%R#;$>1>W _>+7 5%E
W<]: 5 ; 5E 5 eM' E 7G>WM'Re E ; 5E e E ;781 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>a; 5 5 W<e; 5 0; R78(""C C
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~X~ X
X~
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* o
Fr\ [: G ^;%LQ:; O :=MG ;X=Ap=LQYQY=;&:A^^ G: l:;%:G ==Yl ; [G =Sv L G =b>L N= =b>==A ;> K ; [ ;P= [GQI%J = [ ;
Fr_ G%K H GQK H [ H N [
F|d
Fre l n;lQ%n G NG L j y G YQ= K6Z ; H =Y&; [G v{
Frg K6Z
Fh
Fri K D`P`P%%nn G N6G LL j yuyuv/v/BB G v%v%nn:: DQ{{
Frk K^ D G N6G ^ j ;
l G l
\uq GPK : Gt;&:K =cLQ;?>;P:ZbHK^ Y = ;l l
\F ^ G v/B|nGQK;^ Z&HK6Z ; H `Q`l?G``J lK; J [ v/B|n6;ZbH^ KZ&K6Z ; H ``l`l
\u\ ^ GtK D HJ YQY GPK mlU^ K : ZbH <lX; J p Z L G6 p G :6^&=
\u_ : ;%: =ALQ;?>;P: ^ Y = ;zl l
\d ^ GtK G%DK HHJ YQY GPK G J J >K [; OQGQKZbH;tK ; J p Z L G p G :^%=
\ue : ;%: =ALQ;?>;P: ^ Y = ;zl l
\ug ^ GtK G%D K GtHK ^ ; HJ GYY J K [ ZbHK
\h : ;%: =ALQ;?>;P: ^ Y = ;zl l
\ui ^ GtK G%D K GtHK ^ ;S; O6GQGQJK ;K^ [[GtK6ZZbHnK;^SLQ;?>n= K &p GZ ^
\uk : ;%: =ALQ;?>;P: G ^ J Y K = [ ;zl ZbHK l
_uq ^ GUH6 ; G%K H
_F
_u\ G ::; ;Un G := H[ ;^ Z?H p Y ZU[ ;^ G >m;bn G :!= ;t: G YQ=L Z ; H =Y
_u_
_d l n;lQ%n G NG L j y=Q:Q6; [G v{
_ue K6Z
_ug n:;L J :=Sv/B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; HAH = K = O6G YQ= [G ^Q> O ;YQ;^
_h ^ G =L N ; J
_ui : ;%: = n; =tp=Q: p Y = = YQ=
_uk ^ G&H6 ; GQK H K6Z [ Z% G H K O6G
dq
dF G ::;p=Q: Z% p G Y H ; [G a ZbHZ&[ =
d\
N/ D% HD
M D:C'A? cACE HD
= 5 :G@Y%Rd EGE .W 5 W 5 eL`eM. E d; 5 5 Wie; 5 UV+;F:G' 5 ;$ 5%EGE R E R E
7878K678+78 E ;$d1+78 >S>T 5 C fZ5 7Bg$+W<M 5 VI 5 eM' E 7yRW e; 5 :8. 5
E T 5 e>+ E8E 7GK E ;$'1>7 E E 7G>7U E 7801M'';7`<g$78 E8E T 5
E 5E ; 5 Ea5 t+7Ue; 5%E 5 78+W'e%:G+'7 5E V )+g 7G EGE T 5 E :8#
5iE +R:G' 5 ]<cm
E 5E ; 5 E(5 t+7Ue; 5E 5 78+W
* XVBzg$78 E8E T 5 ])1M''; EG5 W<+e%:8 E 55 t+7U; 5 7
5 7^;$'RM';;$ 5 R};$ E 'RM';;$ m
K;$>W7U3; 5 E65 $v*: 5E ;$(:G' 5%E 5 W<78I1+ E :G' 5%E 'RL E65 RRW ] E RPMK E8E (; 5
5 R$:G7 5 m
E :G78'e E 5 $v*+: 5E 5 ;$>W E +73 5 W<78; 5E Y%Re%: 5J .RMK;;i J ;$ E 'RM';;$
5 WRW 5 R$:G7 505 L>78e; 5 Y%R E v7C
^M']+W;$<1+78 +7Jz1M'';;$i; E g$78 E8E E Vy}U9>>>W ;$):G' 5%E ]):8W3t]+W H$:8.M
78-RK7i>78S+T 5 ;$$;$' 5 V6 5 W 5 1+78+W 5E e 5 > :GRM 5 "NCdW 5%EiE R 5 7>V6 5 7
g$>W)M 5 VYRJ:G+W 5%E E +R'e:8Jg$78 E8E T 5
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X @Q
i i
&h ^iXi e
^ ZGf _&S=Q\&a g`
m b E 17GKI1> E J( 5 78W; 5 :G' 5 c{V)+7US+T 5
;$b+$;$. 5 ;$+1
+7GK7^ E .e E :G78RS E 7U E5 Wi7a E8E E 1IM 5 7G E 7 5 ;$R_+'7`RW78 E RM.:8; 5 'e%:G+'7 5 m
U9LWi7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 b|L!l%$ p t C
= 5 + E5 VL 5 78]+W}VP+W Y%Rz]0RW E :G78'epVyRW'e%:G>.7 5 V 5 +$;$. 5 +7U; 5 ;$>1 E >7
;$. +78+e%:GC + ;. 5 ;+1>78 E +7i>78; 5 ;} 5 78W<Y%R EiE +R'e:8 E<5 L>78S E<E *vW
78>M''_>; E
:878e E 5 78W<7 5 1M 5 7F'e%:G>.7 5 ;$,J+WRW E :G78'e m
5 e>:8+e7 5 1M 5 7;$ ( 5 W EGE d1M 5 7:G7Ue E 5 78Wi; 5 V+7 5 ;$R_>.e; 5 5 W 5 7G E RM.:8; 5
RW E :G78.ecm
U9LWi7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 b|L!l%$ p
* X t C
R E *vV$M']+W;$(>7876'e E :G78RS E L7U:G7U:U7`;$(Wie>.7U0;.1+7 E 5EF5 t+7Ue; 5E ;$
:G' 5E ;$H >7G>e%:G E V 3eLM' E ; 5%E :G' 5E ; E g$78 E8E E@E >7G1 'R 5 W 5 RK78b;>K;$'76Y%RM
W<]: 5 ; 5 ;)MK E8E /pb|L;+1 E >76'e 1 5 +; 5 [Y%R>M.(YR78>>LJ 5 W 5 78RW<>e: 5 RW
E :G78.e 5 RzRWe W<+7 5XH 'e%:G>.7 5 C
<ND D o
= E 78Ig$.Wi EdE NS E W 5E :G7U78+W 5E 5 W;$:UM'9 E +;RW; 5E W<]+: 5 ; 5E Y%R^:878:8W
; 5%E e E ;#7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'>V'W<M'+W<+e%:8; 5E e#+M' EGE %Cd? E :8 EE +7UT 5#E >S E
M 5 e% E VL 5 E ;H >7G>e:8+W<+e%:8); E E E e%:G+78 5 78 E V: 5 ;7G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+i:8+W Y%R E >7
1 E .:8;V0eT 5 L>e E5E e 1+ E Wi E MH: 5E C 465 W 5 5 e E >Y=kI+eLKV78:GK+W<>e:8J: 5 ; 5%E
I
5E :G' 5%E ;$0e E : +W:878:8W<>e: 5E L7G:GKRMK78 E E >7G>W +.: 5%E 5 7 W<]: 5 ; 5%E E t> H 5E V
;$ eK; 5E e E :U<MK E8E C
A<N|D D o
5 78WiY%R^e 5 > :GRM 5 "N
CZW3R;eS>( +.:8e 5 7 5 7UWi0""C /VM.'e9i"I$V] 5 e>7Ge>e%:G
J R$:G'M'._NS+T 5 ;$JRW 5 $v*: 5 ; 5 :8. 5 -78);$ E 787`)eM' E E >Wie%:GK+C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
q-
!)/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* q
'<ND cD o x'A6 cD o
1 E : 5 e 5 > :GRM 5 "N
`6Y%R6]d7G E 5 e E I1+M 5 7g$>+R$:87 E ;$R E E E e%:8+78 5 7G E ;eM' E
E +Wie%:GK+C fZ5 7 E >7 MK E8E <RWi E RPMK E8E F;$ %V: 5 ;^'e$ 5 7GWiS>T 5
t<ND D o ?
5 M.+:8;3eL E E E e%:G+78 5 78 E +W7G:GKRM'7>V$0:8L>M'<;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E 6 5 ; E >7FR:G'M.'_>;
Y%RXC@\7 5 7UWii""C <W 5E :G7U));>MK7US>T 5 ;iMK E8E (b; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C
F n J O Y Z LALQYQ=^Q^T%n G N6G L j
G v KG&H[ ^T9:=Q;%:<:N=?G>L=j DDB
\
_ ZbHKPHG ^ K6ZbH <C RRAL%; HK :;QYQ=M; H Up G Y [G = HZbHN =b> G&HK ; G >LQ;?>= H[ ;^P: G n GQK6ZUK6Z p;^
d n:%n; KG L KGQ[
: Z?H%K n 6Y;L%RQ=R Y^ n6; RRALQ:; HK =;%: H W%; > G :; >t[G >p =Q:; Z%; p GZ ^AY;L&= Z ^ HJ >S> K ; [ ;
e nK :; G L GQK%J Ha K =GYP :K6Z >n[Y G %%G%K UH&[9GT/J RRTKp=Q[: p ^ =&n; =b>z;^
g KG KGQ[ ZbH HKU%Z 9/G RR n6;^ ^ LQ;^ Z% = GZ = I%JYQ=G H^QK> ;YQ;^
h K6Z O6 Z H K O6G [G O
i n:; L : Q; 6& : 9/ ; RQR> ; ;A^ ;t= =Y ^%= ;
k KG KGQ[ HK GQK%N [ J GQK%N [ K [ G&H[ H Z [
FrqOn:;;; Y G =L H L%= H ;^ J;nY G := ^ ;%: 3RRRR ZbH[6Z L%L%=c=c^^ G L N^ =b>= [=Q=c:U>=Q^ JV n G :A= T;An pG :U=>Y;%Z&K6: ZU[ = >=Sp=Q:
FuF KG KGQ[tO G H K G ZbH[6Z GPG K G&H H[ HQJ
Fr\ n Y LP%n L yE{
Fr_ JO Z G N6G j
F|d ^ n :CyE{
Fre J G
Frg H66GYQ;^ K6L%=ZbHY<M^t`P`Pss
Fh %%U& 9c`yr : >nY { = = Y BLQYQ=^^U Qny?lU^ : <l&{
Fri U% 9Qc`-y :HK >nYZ { G = =ZbHKY O BLQGY%=^^& ZbnH[ yl l&K{ ZbH
Frk HK Z G ZbHK O G Z?H[ ZbHK
\uq Q= 6%= Q9Y cBu=` H6G yQSQ 6H%K :Q9Q Z >{n6 Y G y?l UQ" l%{
\F ZbHK O G [Q[
\u\
\u_ n Y LPp; %n L ;; y ^ 6; v{ :;U^S >= LUv6L n ;
\d JO Z Z&[ G N6G j K Z K [G K%N G HK6Z G KZ H
\ue =%: L 6;; yuv{ RQRPa=QVA= Y ^ =^Tp=Q: p ^ > ; ;^
\ug &n N6 G jL YQK=^^U L%Y& ^ 6; yvH6{XZRRXGta[=QVA= Y Z%^ GZ ;SGLQ;%:&nK; [ ;^> ; ;^
\h G N6G j G Z K [G H Z GS[ [ K [
\ui Z a-yua; JQ:H;U[ G >=cHK6 Z >Lb= ::;%:LUv6u`tL ns6{T;RRAyua^ ;GoN ; J p >GA= G ::L&; ::YQ;%= :H %=f G v6L G ^Q^Q;
\uk K%N H6G G HKZ G loK6 Z >H = JQLTH[:G:;&:6H^TK6Za; yrn =^ @{l&{
_uq G HKZ JQH[ N G
_F
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X s
i i
k+W 5E Y%R<;$'1>7 E E 1I7GKI1> E E T 5 ;>MK7U; E eLz+M' EGE C0 E 5 W<+e%:87G 5E ;T 5 RWi
e 5 S+T 5 ; E RR$:8.M'._NS>T 5 Vy 5 78]+W ;$R7Ue%:Gizg$M''>S+T 5 ; 5E W<]: 5 ; 5E ;MK E8E VB'7G>W 5%E
;$+:8M'9pXMK E 5 WWi E RK;; 5 Ck .W< 5 7G:8e%:8 :8+W 5E`EG5 W<>e:80'e+M.R E T 5 u)g$+W<M 5
; 5 Y%RZ 5 >H: 5 5 W 5%E :G' 5E L E ' 5E ;`M''eR>Wu(;$@RW:8. 5^ : 5 78a78+78 E +e%:U7
5 :G' 5 ;$^;; 5 E8E RW)K; 5 t+MK 5 e E :Ue%:G V[XchXhC^Wi>e:878;J 5 W 5 e 5 W)F
`]
'e E >7GK;(e 5 e 1>M$Wi E M.: 5 ;(:Ut+MK(; E W3 5 M 5E V;$`W 5 ; 5 E >7@+ E8E 1>M +WY%RM'Y%R>7
N;&/QCb /QCb
E 5 5 ; 5 7 5 78W< E +e; 5 eM. E ; 5 CB^M']+W\;$ EGEG5 VN_>+W 5E RWi`R E + 5E :G' 5%E E K 5%E
;3M.'eRL>WJ:87G'R W J
5E E 1I7GKI1> E ;$W 5 ; 5 Y%R: 5 ; E
E 1>_+ E Y%R67GN E 7GW 5%E R$:8.M'._N7[ E8E E >e:878; E VIeT 5 e>+ E8E .:87G>W 5E t E Y%R E 7Z`:Ut+MK
;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E C
465 W 5#E +W<78V'eKKW 5E t+M 5E e E Wi E MH: 5E ;i7G1 5 78V 5 R E *vVL 5 W 5%E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E
Y%R<:G7U:UW ;}M. E :U;$#MK E8E E #; E ;$>+M'78S E f 7 5 7UWi-""CoC=T 5 9}e;;$
e 5 1 5 e 5 78.W<+'7 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 C= 5E +Re; 5 Va He'>,e 5 1 K;;$]-,1>7G +S+T 5 ;RWi
o o |C'A6=;ND o C'A6
5E8E 1>M;$NMK7US+T 5 '78+RM'7 ;$)MK E8E E C =iM'.e9zo<]b >H:URWi#U9LWi; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
E8E e; 5 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5%E >e:878;e:8L>M'-;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E
z+e%:G7U;&; E R E Rt+7UMK E8E ;>MK7U;C-Y%R 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 _]z.7J E R'e; 5 5 W
|CXC
U9W<; E 78>+R7 E '1I E e<9'+7U7UY%R'); E MK E8E b:G]Y%R 5 R 5#E +Re; 5 78RW<>e: 5 :G+e9
5 1M 5 7 #5 R 5zE >Re; 5 78RW<+e%: 5#E v<.RM[ 5 78.W<>.7 5 Ca= 5 7G'W<+'7 5 > EG5 VeLT 5
9)+787 5 ;$'7URMK78';;$C[= 5<E +Re; 5 V +e 5 e%:G7 5 R$p E RWi)+;+K39'+7U7UY%RK+b>WY%R
MK E8E 5 78..eML78>` 5 W 5 eL E :G7UML;$+MKW< E WiV% 5 7:Ue%: 5 VRW+787 5 5 L;:GN :U; 5 C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j YQ=^^U G LQY& 9Z :^ ;%K <6:; =?[>G =y DZ D^ BK ; [G v{
\
_ Z ayuvA`` HQJ YY6{o: GQK%J : H
d K :QM %n L YQ=^^b LQY&; y
yYQ=^Q^U LQYU6; {Tv/B ; {
e G N6G j G [G G [G H [G
g L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
h K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
i RRRSR ^ GTJ=> > G :Q:^%=Q;S< ;>LQ;&(:>: G&=JS^XHa=S=QVA= H6=S Y= Z ^ GSY [^ =Sn6LQ=QYQ:==A^^ G=o n:x%v >=cLQYQ=^Q^
k %6^ [KG >B; JKGUH B|n: Z?HG K Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^%=%<HG y{Z {G Z G
Frq a; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
FuF
Fr\ Q%n L Y%=^^U LQY& ^ 6; yuv/B v {
Fr_ G NG j G Z K [G HG K
F|d
Fre
Frg n Y LPp; %n L YQ=^^U LQY&6; yY%=^^U LQY%6; v{
Fh JO Z Z&[ G N6G j :G;&6^S [G>= LUvGL n [; G
Fri K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
Frk %U> = Y >n ;Y `t : = Y RQRS^%=Y&p= = YQ=MLQ;%:Q:
\uq K:QOYQGS=^QK^ G LN [ J K O G K O6G G&HKG
\F HK H
\u\
\u_ Z a-LX`yuvAy`` H:JYY%Y6={^:^GQ{PK%J : H: = Y BLQYQ=^Q^& nyuv/B =b> B >=Q< {
\d H a-y3L H:KL YQ=Q: n :LQJYQ=K^^O y LG LB|n6=%:ZbH[ {A{ H G Z G
\ue Z Z RQRAJ ^ Jv G^ LQYQH =Q:=! H ;cL :G&L HKYQ=Q: 6
\ug GSG Z KGt[G Z J
\h H L:B|n;U=Q: G&HKc` >HJ= YY LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n;^ ; Sl? :6L YQ=%: : = L l%{
\ui K%N H6G G HK6Z G K6Z H Z&K6Z H Z J ZbHN6G Z&K H G
\uk
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GAQcX D
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[*
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j YQ=^^U; [ Q69; :[;%G <:y=?Y%>==^^UD6D; Bu[ 6; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d &n L YQ=^^U L%Y& ^ 6; yv/BLQY ^ {
e &n G N6G L j =Q:% LQGY& ^ Z 6K; [yuv/G BrpY ^ Z {K
g &n G N6G L j ; ^ G : L Z K LQYU[G ^ ; Z yKv/BL Y ^ {
h G N6G j H K J K G Z K [G K Z K
i &n G N6G L jGQK&N ; [ G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/B >Y Z ^ K {
k
dW 5E V 5 7UVy 5 78;7z;$NMK7US>T 5 ; E 178'I1+ E ;)'e E :8eK};z+M' EGE C#W<]+p
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G :L j;&=Q^P:Q G >L%Y&= 6; [9GLU:;%yv<=QL::Q=?n>G =LQY&; D6D; B([' G v{
\ K&N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ ^ 6; n
d Z K:QQ[=Q:cG Y
e HK
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)%
i i
F R = YQ^Q=^ G > K=?>; [ b;X> n:;=L yJ^:{ =A== HYQ =^ y^Z >{9=A:;%=;<LQ:y;&^=?:>{ := H ^ DL DnZ Bu= :6[LQYQ;S=^Q^^E> O y;^Y{;tv=UnH; = = =
\ nK ;%O6:MG Y p GPY K n B|n6O =Q: H B 9:K;L O6:G =Pn;&: [ >= :J= =G ; G n;T :QHK=Q: [ R
_ G G J G&HK J J GUHK [ [ K6Z HK
d n Y LT :QQ=Q:Ap=%: y : <MvC {
e JO Z HK ZbH[ K Z?H ZbHKXH
g :Q= Y nA` ;bn
h HK O G K
i HK :QYQ=^Q^ I
k
Frq NZ Y G yrn` HJ YQY6{
FuF
Fr\ Z ayan y ZbH ^ K = H`Q`tL G ;%saS{ HK :Q=Q: Pn B H =b> G B GQI%J =Y^yuv{{
Fr_ Z : H: y :QQ=Q:{n/
F|d nc`Xn B H6GGQvK%JK H HK
Fre
Frg `AY p Y n
Fh I a-y G B|nG =QJ: `Q` YQY6{X: : YQY
Fri :Z : I B|n6=QG&H: K B HJ^ Brp=QGQ:K%J HSHyuvCJ {
Frk G%K%J HMI GUHK H6G KGQ[ Z?H[ H
\uq
\F n Y LT :QQ=Q:Ap=%: y : <Mv{
\u\ JO Z HK ZbH[ K Z?H
\u_ : GQK%J : H p=Q: ZbH[ yuvCDQ{
\d
\ue
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA @D X @
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /"
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:GJ 5 5 e E :87GR: 5 7NCZ? E8E W<]: 5 ; 5 ] E :8e:8 E >W)>M.9Le%:G 5c6 A "JC2H V1 E : 5
7 5 R7U7NVR E e; 5#5 W<]: 5 ; 5
e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8V E >783W 5E :G7U; 5 Wi E ;$Ke%:8V 'e;be E :G > :GRM 5 5 E ;$+:G+78W<.eL3+p
7U :8+7 'E :GK+ E 'W< 5 7:Ue%:G E ;(M.'eR+W}C?dM'aL>78 5 787Ga(9'+7U7UYR' ;$^MK E8E EJ 7 5 R7U
; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 W 5 e 5 W<J 5E :G' 5E ;$78W<:G7 5E R$:8.M'._N; 5%E C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n :G ;UN6G^tL j >; H= ^ K : J LbL Kv6L9G :nLQ;%Y&<6:;; =?[>G =yD; DH B ^ K : J L K G LQY&; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ :Q ;
d HK :QQGQK%LPN :A[M` K YY
e HK :Q=G Y HJ
g HK :QYQO=^QGc^ G ^LQY%=^^
h HK K&NZ
i HK^ :Q6Q; =Q: nK%N Z ^&p=Q:
k Z K [G
Frq =Q=Q:Q:QG; LQY&6; [ GAI
FuF [GPJ
Fr\ ZbHKPH
Fr_
F|d nAZ a-`tyuvAv/B ``; H/J B|n6Y=%Y6:{=b>: GQ K%J : H
Fre O [
Frg H `Ss
Fh RR>; =A=SY ^ =MLQ;?>m;^ n6;^ ;^n6=Q:b> :;^
Fri Y HK yrnu` Z KYY6{ K6Z [ GQK
Frk NZ G HJ
\uq
\F I ``yryr=Q=Q:Q:Q6G; LQY&6{ ; [G Bp{o=Qn:6^B H B ; [; G RRRR I ` ` H xtxSLQ;?LQ>m;?>= ; [G ;?LQ>YQ=Q:=! ; > [ ;o^ n6=Q; :b> GQK :;
\u\ J ff [G I H [G J H H GSGP[6Z G&H
\u_ H
\d RRP=L N =S= GUHK := [ = [ ; K6Z n; H = K = O6G YQ=
\ue
\ug G `S J : K = O Y G BLQY%=^^& Z?H[ ny I B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=Q< G {
\h RRSL%; H ^ K :x Z =AY Z ^ K =MLQ;?>m;^ K6Z n6;^ [ ;^n6=Q:b> GQK :;^
\ui S
: ` t :Q Ly B > (:{
\uk nM`TnHG B H6G v HK K G G J [Z H
_uq
_F
_u\
_u_ Z a-yu::S`tu` :CHB J YpY6{ : yE{ RR p : =tY ^ =
_d ZbH G KG ZbH G KG Z K
_ue
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)
i i
_ug RRT=L N =A= G&HK := [ = [ ;tLQ; H ^ K : JK ;%: H = K = O6G YQ=
_h K :`S J : K; = O Y` G B > GQK%RNRP; [< Zb=%H: [ =oy?lU>LQ; H ^; K : ;MJ L LQK ;&;%::: l:{
_ui J GQK%N [ K J [ K [ G&HKG
_uk RR L = > ;&p; ^L%;Un; = = Y%=MLQ;%:: G&HKG
dq J : KZbH= OZ Y GZ B O6JG < ZbHH LQ;bn GG yE{ H K O6G
dF
d\ RRn G <=A= G&HK := [ = [ =SLQYQ=^^ G LQ;%:: GUHKGPH = K = O6G Y%=
d_
dud K%NZ ^LQYQ=^^t`-y HK :YQ=^^{P J : K = O Y G BY G p G Y J n
de
dg K% N:Z ^&p= =Q:MY ` Bu= H6G Sy HK^Up:=QQ:=Q{:Cy?Rl K&R NZ ^LQlY K%NpZ =Q^:LQYQ=p^Q^YAsY;{L% =Yml ^lTLQ;?> W%> :;Ps
dh JG%K%JK : OHK %G n G [[` K%HNJ ZYY RQR K6Z n;Z?H [G J:Z GQK ;%: HZ%; G[ ;> K ; [ ;tK%` NH6Z GUHNJ > H G
di
dk H66GYQ;^ K6L%=ZbHY<M^t`P`csD RRRR H &p G YL =[GY V= H= Z?HNW%>=b> GU:H; K ; [pG =Q:LQ;>p= H[ ^S;^PYa;;%L%:= ^
euq &n G N6G L jGQK&N ; [ 6; [ Q6; [G ZbHyuv/Z B O Z ; [ Z { H G [G Z% GZ Z
eF
eu\ K B K: ; K= =YQY Y;B L%=Y^ALQ;U`Xn 6YyE{;L& =Y^RRT3:RR H W%:>=SG :p;=%: [G p p=%:^SZ%Yp;GL%Z= ^S^ Y;=L%= Z =^ [ YQ;= > K ; [ ;
eu_ J K O G G&H[ G G%K6Z Z% GZ Z [ K O6G
ed
7:8.70;M'.e9L/V 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 5 W<>S>78+787 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E +Wie:8' 5 7U
DX? H
:G7ULM'97}e 5 5 7G 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V 5 e; 5%E 5 W<e; 5%E ,+g$7G EGEG E}E +7UT 5 eM. E ; 5E C
l eKKM'W<+e%:GV^R78;p E e178'I1+M C >e:878;; 5 W<]: 5 ; 52E >e; 5 eM..p
E ; 5 C 465 W 5 eT 5 +g E :G+WW<]: 5 ; 5E e'e9; 5E +W ++ V eT
5 7GN E W 5%E 78 5 R7GpXe 5E
X
;=<>?AB:CDBXD%/Q7; o6 N|D
+W E M'1I7 5 1M 5 7)e%:G>7G 5 7;$+ 5 E 78>+Rt+7UprM 5 Cz?dW E +R';VZ]U9W<; 55 W<]: 5 ; 5
eL}:8L>M'; EG W0 5 M 5%E 5 7G78+e%:GC& E +R 5 $v*:8.1 5 ]Wi7U+7 5
E :8; 5 >W Y%R E 3+e 5 e%:G7U#<:Ut+MK 5 7G78+e%:8b;$3W 5 ; 5 Y%R0 E :Gb 5E8E E >778>+RL>78; 5
Y%ReL; 5 :8+78W)'e7F0eM. E (; 5 5 78 5 ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 C6 EFEG W0 5 M 5%E 'e E >7GK; 5%E eb:8L>M');$+ep
:G7 5 ; 5 5 78 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 W 5 178'I1+ E M 5 > E 3L7UW<:87 5%E 5 78W< E E T 5 7G+:G'78; 5E ;
:8L>M'(;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E ;6 5 7GWi((eT 5 .e%:8+7G +78.7Ze(eM. E F; 5%E[5 R$:87 5%E W<]+: 5 ; 5E CA+W07G+p E
;$#Y%R#+g$ E :GiRWi:Ut+MK} 5 73MK E8E V#eLT 5 RWi} 5 7bW<]: 5 ; 5 V[ E8E 'W ; 5 E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E
I
BXD%/X; o ND D2H; o ND VLU9Wi;
: >WY%R 5 W<7G:G'M.9L7iW) E Wi-:8L>M' E +W Y%R}RW.e%:8+7 78-e 5,5 R$:G7 5 C W<]: 5 ; 5
Y%R378: 5 78e##:8t+MK 5 E :8; 5 E M'1 5 5 7 ] 5 e#M'.p
e9}o/zt E eM' E ); 5 5 78 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Cb? E8E E ; 5 E W<]: 5 ; 5E 5 7UW7G E >e%:8; 5E
e 5 + :GRM 5 C
5 M.:8e; 5 5 7 5 78Wi<""C V%1>W 5E eLbM'.e9L3 E J:87G'R'7 J 178'I1+M ? o C'A
I
78 +7 +eLK J +e%:878;i;+M' EGE b 5 7G78+e%:8ei:Ut+MK#;$ EG W3 5 M 5E C`?dW E >RK;V'e E >7G+p E
e<:Ut+MKi 5 7G78+e%:GRW<<>e%:G7U;i;$3RWii178'I1+MB 5 W 5 e 5 W<%$ C^ E8E 'W}VL;$>e%:G7 5 ; 5
I
5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>VL 5 ;$+p E b_++7(78 +7 +eLK#i:UM[1I7GKI1>MB78i78 >7G>eK7 55 $v*: 5 5 7G78+e%:GV
5 W 5)E J_J+WI1CkW 5 R:G7 5 W 5 ; 5 ;$b 5 e E +R.76:8M+78 :G>7 KE :GK+ E +78K0;$NMK7U7 5
EG W0 5 M 5 *:G9 E ` 5 W 5 RW: 5 +e)78 E +781I; 5 { 5 W 5 VM'K E V 5 e%:GNF+W%I1CQ1e%:8>W
HD
;ie 5E8E i 5 78;>W]3Y%R 5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E ;$0eM. E E >W<e%:GK+<b+7US+T 5 ;0$;$' 5 eLT 5
78>+ E W :G7U:U7`17GKI1>M;$@RWW 5 ; 5 E t>+'ML 5 7+g >W<M 5 VN+7GKeL; 5 p E kRW
e7G1 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+% CM.]>W ;$ EGEG5 V 5 e 5 W<i 5 ; E >7R$:G'M.'_>; 5 78 5 R:G7 5E e E V[ 5 W 5
e 5 W)-;$W<]: 5 ; 55 R178'I1+MXC l E : 5 e>W E +W<78] 5 W}C l Wi'eRWi,17GKI1>M^;$
'e E :Ue+' 5 W 5 e 5 W<*:G9 E UC ;> E T 5 ;$Y%RM( 5 7U;+W R$:G'M'._N7};$+t+e;-; E
+78 :8+7 'E :GK+ E6E +Wie%:8'> E Y%R E b;$ E vW 5 $:G>7^;)M.'eR+W)prM.1 5 C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA @@ X 7
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* //
m
@CXC m
c^:GR7Ge%:* L^RL7U; 5 :8. 5 0;.W<+e E T 5 ;$)7G+: 5 7Ge 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 B 5 W 5E 3:878:8
;RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>V$Y%ReT 5 78: 5 78e01IM 5 7>V)178KI1+MP]J'e'+'M.'_>;< 5 W
MDX?Q?'<ND
R787 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 eL#:Ut+MK; EG W3 5 M 5E VyR$:G'M.'_>p E 5 e 5 W<i; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R< E :8ze 5 e
<N|D
;0781 5 78 E 'e%:8:GK+(YR b17GKI1>M ]'eKKM'._N;b 5 W RW 5 v*: 5 ; 5 :G' 5
<N|D
VY%R .eL;$'> 5 :8. 5 3;$.W<>e E T 5 ; 5 78: 5 78e 5 E L>78; 5 t+M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 YR E :8 E +eL; 5
;$NMK7U; 5 C? E8E E ;$R E ;$. +78+eS> E <MK E8E E T 5 W 5E :G7U; E e 5 7 5 7UWi#""C'">
C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L jGQK%N ; [ G LQ9Y&:;%; <[:G =by >=mGQK%DN D; [BED? s G LQY&6; [G v{
\ K%N :;&^S G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n K6Z ; H
_ BPBtB
d
e RRT=L N =A= G&HK := [ = [ ;> K ; [ ; H = K = OG YQ=
g
h K :`S J : K; = O Y` G B > GQK%RNRP; [< Zb=%H: [ =oyuv/>B H =?> ; G ;MB Z >LQ=Q;&< :G: :{
i J GQK%N [ K J [ K [ G&HKG
k RRo : %n ` n; : ;%: ; ;> ; ;
Frq G%K%J :GQHK%JK %Hn KG ` G H6G K6KZ %n G [y KG B K %GQnK G H K B [[ Z >{ K [
FuF
Fr\ BPBtB
Fr_
F|d
Fre RRRRQRRRRRQRRRRRQRRRRRQRRRRRQRRRmY%=^^ K %n G RRRRQRRRRRQRRRRRQRRRR
Frg n6=L j =Q< G ^ G >= H =Y%^ Z ^
Fh
Fri
Frk Z >n;&: K ^&U> K = O Y G B
\uq n JO Y Z LALQYQ=^Q^ K %n G
\F n JO Y Z LT HK :Q= O Y GSK C RR G&HK := [ = H = K = O6G YQ= [ ; KZ n;
\u\ n JO Y Z L ZbHKS[Z > RR [6Z > G&H ^ ;
\u_
\d n JO Y Z L K %n G y HK :Q= O Y GMK ZbHKS[ {
\ue
\ug
\h K A>m` ` K
\ui [Z [
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA @Q X
i i
\uk
_uq n JO Y Z LS K : Z?H < [ ^L%=Qp=y{
_F
_u\ : GQK%J : H HK := O Y G B^ K :Q Z >y [6Z >{Af K / B [ ^L%=Qp=y{
_u_
_d
_ue
_ug
_h
<N|D D o D7? H H<6 HD
^ 5 7U;78+W 5%E V$ 5 7UV 5 5 7G 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5<5 R} 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>Ck^W0 5%E`E T 5 :G7U:8; 5E t+M 5
W< E W 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 V C l eKKM'W<+e%:GVL;$>1+p E (:G7U:87;<M' E :8;$
78W)+:G7 5E 5 7GWi E C6? E :G E ;+1>W E +7 .e E +78K; 5E eL<:8L>M'i;$ E W3 5 M 5E 5 W 5 178KI1+ E
: /N@A6A'>
5 W<]: 5 ; 5 b E8E e; 5 5 W 5 78RW)>e%: 5 iM' E :8;$
78W)+:G7 5E Y%R E :8)e 5 ei 5 7G78+e%:8V 5 R E *vV C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L jGQK%N ; [ 6; [ 9Q:;%; <[:G =by >=mGQK%DN D; [BEDQ6D ; [ Q6; [G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d R&R n K : = K =PL 6n6;=Q:L&=b>Y&GQ=QK :%:;MLQLQY&;>;P^ p6=Q;: Z% p yuvG YAB|n=QYQ:;=UL%>={Y
e G N6G j G Z K [G
g L%= ^ n :M`Pa=Y^
h H J G G
i Z a-yRJR : K =v O Y^ G BY G >p G=MY J ^ n n B|n=Q:6: LQG&YQH=K ^^ u` n6H=QJ:=SYQY6=M{ LQYQ=^^ LQ;&::
k G Z KGPJ J G G G G&HKG
Frq RRP=L N =Tn: Z > GZ :;MLQ;?>= H[ ; [ ;> K ; [ ;
FuF = > 6; nM`Pv/B^ =
Fr\ NK Z KY GG G&yHnK Z?[H G^ K = H L G ;%aS6K YQK;L j 6; [G {
Fr_ nA`-y K = KG > G&HK 6; [G {-yy6Y;L j 6; [G {on{B^ K = K ^B H ; [G
F|d
Fre RRTp G : Z a Z L%=c^ G SL N =b>= [ =c^ J n G :
Frg L%= H ^ J n G :M`on ZbH ^ K = H L G ;%a
J n G :%6; [G
Fh
Fri :QM
Frk K %n L = > ; yuvCB^ = {
\uq G N6G j K KG G&HK [G K K
\F L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
\u\ K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
\u_ %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^%=%< y{{
\d a; JHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LUZ?H::K ;%H:fQGf GQK%G G
\ue
\ug
\h
\ui n Y LPp; %n L ;L%=Y&=Q:Q L%Y& ^ 6; yr ^ 6; v{
\uk JO Z Z&[ G N6G j G Z K [G Z K [G
_uq
_F Z a-:QMyuvA `` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
_u\ K %n L 6;L%=YU=Q:Q LQY&6; yy=%:Q LQYU6; {Tv/B ; {
_u_ G N6G j G [G G [G H [G
_d
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/o
!) q
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /o
??A?
5 W 5 RW V%L7U3RW 5 W<e; 5 UV 5 R V7U0RW 5 Wie; 5)E .W<M' E ;$
O C 7 o H7D
:87G'RKS+T 5 CZ=^ E :8 5 e%: 5 +WY%R E :UW 5E V:G+78+W 5%E V%+W +7UMXV 5b M.9 5 5 W 5 RW
V%YR E +781(78<7GR7a;$'1+7 EG5E 5 W<e; 5%E >e%:G78(RWRWC
78'W)>.7Ui1+78 >S>T 5 +.:8it+M 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 M<ND D o D7? H H< HD V 5 RW)>M.9 5 7NV
'e'+';iY%RXV]0 5
W 7G>M'S+T 5 "J R:G'M.'_>S+T 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5
9
p t 7U).e 1 5 >
7 5 5 e E p
:G78R$: 5 0
7 ;RWi E Rt+7UMK E8E C E 7G>7U E 78}R$:8.M''_>prM 5&E T 5&E .W<M' E iMK E8E # 5 787G>e%:G
;$>1:8+7(RWi E RL>78+M' EGE 3;$NMK7U; >M. m E # 5 ;$ E +7(R$:8.M'._N; 5 ;$+e%:G7 5 ;3RW 5 e E :G78R$p
'm
: 5 7 (+M':8+WY%R E >7 5 78.W<>.7 5 5 Wie; 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 5 78 5 ; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Cd R:G7U E 7G>7U E
5 ;+78'W E +7d;'+ 5 e; E V 5 W 5 +W I1VY%R`eT 5 t+78W<H:8^JR$:G'M'._NS+T 5 ;$^178'I1+ E ;$
'e E :Ue+' 5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5%E ;#U9Wi;VWi E L7U 5 + E5 ;ie 5E8E <M.'eRL>W V
t+eL E E8E E :G7 I E 78+78 E6E +7UT 5 R$:G'M'._N; E C
X ++
5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 787G>e:8 5 W 5&E >e; 5 RW 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7mk1+78 >73&178'I1+Myo A6ND Y%R
'e;$K+ E 5 5 Wie; 5
9 p t ] 5 ReT 5 t+78W<H:8'; 5 e 5 5 e%: 5<5 e;$( 5 B'e E +78'; 5 C 465 W 5
OC o HD V
W 5E :G7U; 5 e E M.'e9 E z"NVP#178'I1+M7GN+t 5 1M 5 71+7U;;+'7 5#E 0zMK E8E 3 5 787G>e%:G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)
i i
E8E 'W 5 W 5 ]J >H: 5 78<#+M' EGE NCD% H7D V #MK E8E ;?A?=D>D?& HD 7GNYR+7`RW
:G7U:UW<+e%: 5 E t>+'M`7U&;$ E 5 78'7<Y%RM 5 :8. 5 78>M`; 5 e, E +7ieM. E ; 5 CQ78.p
W<+'7 5 :8. 5 ;0 5 Wie; 5 Y%R3 5 ;$)7GN+7`]3RW M 5 5 V 5 R 5 WieL; 5 5 W) 5E : 5 UVtY%R
OC 7o H7D
E +781i7878R7b;.1+7 E5%E 5 Wie; 5E #]#78+78 E +e%:8; 5 e7G1 5 78 E 'e:U:8'> 5 7bRW
B=D%/7; o ND 78JWi78>7
C& E R&eM' E z]z E :Ue%:G E 'W<M' E V@ 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi,""C."I$C
^e%:8 E ;$ eM. E 7dJM. E :8;$ 5 WieL; 5E V]^U9W<; 5J5 W<]: 5 ; 5
D2H; o ND C#7G E : 5 ]iRW<U9LWi; <N|D D o ;:?A?&D>DQ:? ?& H7D VY%RV[ 5 7 E R
5 'e + 5 ;$#RW E 5 5 e 5 1 5 Vk;$+ 5 E ;&eM. E V]#78>M.'_>;}U9W<;} 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
1>_VI'e%1 5 + <N|D D o ;:?A?&D>DQ:?& HXD 7U^+;`e0 E +W<786; 5 :8. 5l;?A?=D>
D ?& HD
;$>e:87 5 ;)M' E :8C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j Y;L j ; [G 9y:;%Y<;:L =bj >=m; [DG DBEvD {
\ : = Y B < L%;Un yE{RR L ; > ^LQ;Un6;
_ QJ%n KG ONG GL j O6 KG = KZbHG > GUHK G Z ^ K 6; [G Z?yuv/H B^ K Z = K ^[{GT J G
d J : K = O Y G B G&H[ LQ;Un G yE{RRTa Z?H =Y [ ; G ^LQ;Un6;3Y ZbO6G :=tp=Q:^BY;L%= Z ^
e
g
h
i n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j K = KG > G&HK Z ^ K 6; [G y Z ^ K ; [G v{
k
Frq
FuF Z ayuvS`Q` HJ YY{o: GQK%J : H
Fr\
Fr_ K :M %n L = > 6; y
y = > 6; {tv/B ; {
F|d G N6G j K KG G&HK [G K KG G&HK [G H [G
Fre L&= L y >= LUvL n ; {
Frg K N G HK6Z G K6Z HzG
Fh %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^&=Q< yE{{
Fri a; JQHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LbZbH:K:;%H:fGf G%KQG G
Frk
\uq Q %n G NG L j K = KG > GUHK Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/B HG v K {
\F
\u\
x'A6EHD:C o HD VIM.>W37Ue;
78Ig 'W 5 :G' 5 ;$( 5 W<e; 5 YR1>7G>W 5E ] RWi3;$NMK7US>T 5 ;$(178'I1+ E M 5 > E V%7G+p
78 E +e%:8;J 5 7FRWe 5 Y%RRWib;>MK7US>T 5 ;$ 178'I1+M 5 ;$
L78>>7^+WY%RM'Y%R>7 5 e%: 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C? EGE 3e] 5 W< E W 5 R$:8.M''_>; 5 e#;>MK7US>T 5
;$i178KI1+ E ;$i'e E :8eLK} 5 7b7G>78 E +e%:87J}W< E Wi 5 e E :G78RS+T 5}E 'e:U:8'>V>W3 5 7U E +p
Wie%:GK+W<+e%:G E8E E ;$RL EaE .:GRLS E 78>Y%R>.7UW S E L>W;$. +78+e%:G E C fZ5 ;$+7Gp E prKb78'7
; 5 E :G' 5%E ;e E ;$. +78+e%:8 E VkRW7U;$NMK7US E ;$1I7GKI1> E ;$'e E :8eLK 5 R$:G7 5
HeK 5 He' 5
;:?A?=D>D:?& HD V 5
7817GKI1> E M 5 + E C .e 5 e 1>e'+e%:G;$R E 7)RW :8. 5 ;ze-]Y%R
MK E8E (;$ EGE (e<]J;>MK7U;0 5 W 5)E RPMK E8E J;$ Y%R E +78'0RW 5 R 5
E :G7Ue9 5 e 5 > EG5 ;$;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$178'I1+ E ;.e E :8eKC
;=<>@?AB:CDC o C'A7J/Q2HbN
'e + 5 ; 5 7 5 7UWi&""C'">/Vy1+78 +7 E 5 :G' 5 R E ; 5 e;$NMK7US+T 5 +g E :GCz`:G'M'._Np E V
78:8M{V 5 W< E W 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C 1 KW<+e%:G<RW +787 55 5 7878 E
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/%q-
!)
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /%q
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6:G;&L j^S; L%>=Y&= =Q:QLU9G:v6L%;%Y&L <6:n; =b[>G =m; yD=QD:QBED?G @ LY&6; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ ^ 6; n
d =QZ :QK ; [G
e :QQ[=QGS:cI Y
g HK :Q= Y LJ
h HK O G
i
k Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
Frq RQRXn:;L J := K6Z n; [ = [G LQYQ=Q:=! ; H = K = O6G Y%= [G ^E> O ;Y;^
FuF LX`S : = Y BLQYQ=^Q^& nyuv/Bn;^ Z&KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G {
Fr\ RQRA^ GXJ HK ;tO =GL N ; J ZbH [
Fr_
F|d Z ayLT:`Q`;& HJ YMY{ >= LUvL n ; yuv/Bn;^ ; Al?YQ=^^
lf
Fre K%N H6G v/BnG;^ HK6;Z B >=QG < K6Z fH l ; Z&aK; Z H Bl&{
Frg a;%:yrnc`Tv/Bp=%:6^nZ&KZ ` H HJZ YY(G nc`XnH B H6KG v K { JH[
Fh
Fri
Frk IYP`-`t y:=Q:Q= ; [Y G {Bpn=Q:B H ; [G y B|n6;^ ; B >=Q< {
\uq J K O G ZbH[ I Z&K6Z H Z G
\F RRA^ G p=Q: Z% p G Y = G v Z ^ KG Tn: G L Z ^Q;S^%= O6G : I&J6GtK6Z n6; [G p=Q: Z% p G YS
\u\
\u_ Z ay Y-u` HJ YY6{
\d RRTp G : Z a Z L&=c^ G SYQ;L%=Y [G a ZbHZU[ = H ; G ^QLQ;Un;AL%;%:: G&HKG
\ue
\ug Z ayYB:^LQ;&;Un G c``S >J := K = O YLUG v6BL^Lbnn K :;{tRy RAB|n^ ;G ^ a;%:C; tQ6lE =Q: = Y l?f
\h nK%N Bn;^ Z&H6KGZ ; H B GZ >=QH< GK6Z flG=Y%K: ZG = H[ I [G LQY%ZU=QK6: ZGQ[ H l&{ Z O G
\ui
\uk RRSLBLBp G : Z a Z L%=c^ G J >=Tp=Q: Z& p G Y [G LQYQ=^^ G
_uq
_F Z ayY%BY^ ;L%>=YBuLQ; ; JHB|Kmn: sY{TRy?RtlE ^ G a;%l:f [TB|nJ;>^ =t= [; p G B : K < H L Z = f
_u\ KG lJK;Y > ZbHK lH f BnZ?H6;G ^ ; I B < Z&K6;Z Y H > O6G f ZbH ZbHG
_u_ l =Q: JHZ?HH </=Q:I Z = O Y GZ&KZlHf OI G B|n6Zb;H ^ Z&K6Z J; H H B Z >=Q< G f
_d C
l NZ&[G ^t=SLQYQ=^Q^Tp=Q: Z = O Y G l&{
_ue
_ug G Y^ G %R^ RA>^ G&BuH; ;B| n: J >Y=tpy?=QlE: Z% p G YtlfY;L%=B|nY ;G^ >m; J; K :B ; <G ^LQ ;bn; f
_h KG lJK;Y > ZbHK lH f BnZ?H6;G ^ ; I B < Z&K6;Z Y H > O6G f ZbH ZbHG
_ui l =Q: JHZ?HH </=Q:I Z = O Y GZ&KZlHf OI G B|n6Zb;H ^ Z&K6Z J; H H B Z >=Q< G f
_uk C
l NZ&[G ^t=on6=Q:=?> GQKG :c;&:A=SY;L%=Ytp=Q: Z = O Y G l%{
dq
dF RR ^ : =Pp=Q: p YAYQ;L%=Y = = YQ=cLQ;%::
d\ J : KZ?H= O GY G G Bu= [[ y Z% G H K O6G G&HKG
d_ S :Q=Q:y I B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=%< G XL I B [6Z > 6Y;L&=Y^%ff6{
dud { HG HK
de
dg
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)o
i i
";=<>?AB:CDcA6"JC2H
78';0e3:8L>M');$ E W3 5 M 5E V 5 +R 5 *: 5 5 (;3:8L>M'V Y%RV 5 W 5 1 E : 5 e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8V
Re+ 5 e(e( 5 78Wi ;`RWiJ.M'9CkW)]+: 5 ; 5 'e'+'J(R E + E +W<78
; 5 : 5 5 ; E8E 0'M.9V78 5 7G'_>e; 5 V% EGE .W}V)7 5 R7U) 5 7`1I7GKI1> E M 5 > E C
S o ND
:8M`178'I1+Md 5 7i+e 5 e%:G7U;Vk+e%:UT 5 +7G:8W<+e%:G 5 5 7878+RRW +787 5E }+MK& 5 ^;$NMK7U;
A o NO?Q
e 5 E 5 5 5 787G>e%:GC f 7U#1+78 >7 E ) E : 5 5 e%:GN+RVP 5 W<78p E 5 >W< 5 ;
178'I1+MkY%R(v} E :8I1ez:8L>M' 5 W 5 >W< 5 ;:Ut+MK} 5 7878+e%:G<Y%Ri.eL;$'>
Y%RM`] 5 E 5 5 :GRM{C m z 5 7G>W 'R E V@RW +787 5-5 5 7G78+RC m eT 5 5 78+W .R E VF
178'I1+My>e 5 e:878;) 5 ;$ E >7^RWii178KI1+MyM 5 +MY%Rb E :U<+W 5 R$:87 5 E 5 5 VRW78p
W<:87 5 5 78WiM 5 RRWi3178KI1+Mt;$J.e E :Ue+');$>+M'78;e E :U<MK E8E 5 R>WRWi);$ E R E
;&<>@?ABCDCcA"J/EH
E RL>78+M' EGE E V 5 Y%RaeT 5 5 e E K;$+7U78+W 5E RW+787 5 +W ++ CZ=
5 :8^Y%R 5 5 W< 5 7G:8W)>e%: 5
;$ ;$3t E Y%R E 7RW EG W0 5 M 5
X
#7G:G'7 ; 5 : 5 5 ;<:8L>M'# 5 787G>e%:G
]z;$>Y%R; 5 V[ 5 E > EG5 RWi>e:878;}78&178'I1+M E *v>e 5 e%:G7U;V E +7U E +W<78
'e E :Ue+') 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G J ;$NMK7US>T 5 Wi E 7GN>e:8+W<+e%:8J .e E +78K;V 5 R E *vV E +W<78
e 5%E E 5 5E Wi E 78Ig$.W 5E 5 E 5 5 5 787G>e%:GC
:?=<Bx'A
EG W0 5 M 5%E CZU9Wi;b
178'I1+M ]^; 5 :G' 5 5E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E R$:G'M.'_>; 5E eJU9Wi;(; 5 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7 E T 5
5 e 5 W<`; 178'I1+MXV 5(E +R0:G' 5 V E RJ;$.W<>e E T 5 5E +R)e=HW)>7 5JE >Y=k+eLKMXCZQeXHW<>7 5
E +7d:87G'R ; 5/J 178KI1+M$]^ 5 e%:G7 5 MK; 5 t+MKJ178'I1+M OC 7o AMU
C VIY%R`].eKKM''_>;(e%:G E ;$
E `.eKK7deM' E `; 5 5 78 5 ;$^RWW<]: 5 ; 5 `.eL78+W<+e%:8;J+;(.e E +7US+T 5 ;$`178'I1+M
e#:8t+MKC= 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'M'; 5 7NVL17GKI1> E M 5 + E ;$ e'; E +W E 5 5E ; E v*Re%: 5%E eLT 5
5 W<7G:G'M.9LW 5 W< E W 5 XH
e W<>7 5 C
k+78+W 5E V 5 7UV+RW 5 Wie; 5E .W<M' E VWi E YR@'e:87 5 ;$R_@RWi^e 5 1%K;;$VY%R@] 5 R EG5
; 5 +M'+RM 5 ; 5 :8. 5 ;$ag$78 E8EG E 7U U9>+>W;$F:G' 5%E Ck= 5 5 Wie; 5 T7d:b[XS_ T7d
:G>W 5E 89:b 5 W 5 RWi3+g$7G EGE T 5 YRLMKYR+7NV%;$ 5 7U; 5 5 W07UWi:8'>b;0M.'eR+W}C
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~X X
~ :}
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /
;$ E +7G>1 5 :8. 5 b<;$.W<>e E T 5 ; 5 78 E RM.:8; 5 ;)g$78 E8E T 5 C m E8E J78 E RMH:U; 5 eT 5 5 7^; 5
:G' 5
=(a;$6;$'W<+e E T 5
3eT 5 ]@t+78W).:GK; 5 .W<78.W<'7ZRW\7878I VNRW\>7G7 5 ] E 'eM'._N; 5 C
W 5 ; 5 5 W 55 :G' 5 ;+g 7G EGE T 5 ]<>MKRMK; 5 ;$>L>e;$#; 5 :G' 5 ;+g 7G EGE T 5 E +7U
;$ E +R$:GK; 5 e E >S>T 5 ""C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j 9: ZbHK ; [G 9y:9;%: <Zb:H=bK >=m; [DG DBEvD{ K%N :;&6^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e Z ayuvS`Q` HJ YY{o: GQK%J : H
g RQR K ` KZ n; GT[6Z > G&H ^ ; [ ;P: G ^ J Y K = [ ; [ = G v%n: G ^^ ;
h
i K `t%n G N6G L j v%n: G 6; [G yuv/B G v&n:{
k RQR K6Z n; KG > I%JG ^ G :M^ K : ZbH < GP[6Z > G&H ^ ; KG > I%J6G ^ G :As
Frq
FuF Z ay K :B K;& u`AM&Q >U= %LU9vL ]Qn ]K ; B [6Zyu>v/Bnu;`S^ sM{ ;
Fr\ K%N H6G G HK6Z lU^ G: K6<Z H v%n: ^^ Z&K; Z H : : l&{
Fr_ K ZbH G G Z H GQI%JZ GQ[
F|d
7GIg$'W 5 5 Wie; 5 E +7b1 E : 5 ]#RW d_X^=aLV[Y%R;$>1+78K E >7:8T 5&E 'W<M' E Y%Re%: 5
RW T7d:b[7StVtWi E M'RW< E 1+78 +S E ;$K 5 e E(E +7UT 5 e> EGE 78K E Ck*vW 5%E 5 7Y%R C I
f 78.W<>.7 5 V 5 7UYRJ0g$78 E8E T 5 R E ;3e RW 5 Wie; 5 ;$J+e%:G7U;);$;; 5E eT 5 5 ;$ E >7
Y%RMKY%R+7NCJ>1 I
E >7RWiz7G+ +7 +e+'#zRWi0 5E 'S>T 5 ;$)W<+W<78KI Vt 5 W 5 RWiz178'I1+M
5 R 5E 'S>T 5 ;$RW1: 5 7NCZ EGE 'WV 5%E 5 W<e; 5%E
d_X^=a^
d_X^=agK } c`
d_X^=a` Z3aZ3_)7
E T 5 1IM.K; 5%E V 5 5 e%:G7U78 5 ; 5%E`E >R'e%:G E VY%R E T 5 7 5 .'; 5%E
d_X^=a^g
d_X^=a` aO_
eM. E ; 5 7 E 'e%:8:8' 5 e 5E R$g$'M.K# 5 ;$ E :G'eR.7 5E 5 Wie; 5E 7 5 .'; 5%E C f 78):UMXV
5 5 WieL; 5 ;$)M'+.:GR7U]<;$ eK; 5 eL78W<:GK+ 5 W 5 p45V 5 Y%R)+M'.W<'e
M'Re E :8. 5E ;$b+g 7G EGEG E 5 W 5#5 ; 5 XH
L>e MH:8.W
X ++
5 g$+W<M 5 Y%R0+W 5E ;$bW 5E :G7U7NC
HM.:G'W 5 g$>W)M 5 V`RWi,1>_YRe 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 ; E R781 5 7G
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G@n55F 5 ;+W 5E :G>7[ 5 W 5 7U'_ 5%EE +R.e%:8 E :G' 5%E ;$Fe E BRW ?& H7D V
=T 5 +M'.W<'eV` 5 78]+W}V 5
62HD HD VRW x'A6 HD 5 RRWh AMC=CE HD C? E :GbY%R7G: 5 5 787G E 5 e; +g$:8W)>e%:G
5 HMH:8.W 5 +g$+W<M 5 ;$>1 E +70+1 H:U; 5 C fZ5 7b EGEG5 V 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%ReM' E 5tMD&M A H HD
RW
;$>1J1>7G +7`YRLMy] 5 :G' 5 ; 5#E +Re M'9 5 +R E 7aRW>7G7 5 > EG5iE v0RWh AMC=E C HD C
>1+p E 1>7G +7>V6'e;V E M.>H:8R78eLT 5 E :8 E +e; 5 >H:U,e RWi178'I1+Ma.M'+%MXC
fZ5 7 5 7G:GReVeT 5 :G>W 5E >W
178'I1+ E E #;$0M.>H:8R78 5 W 5 E 1 78'I1+ E k+W O:
X ++
%I1IC fZ5 7G]>WVg$ E :G3RWiiM.>H:8R7UiYRb]b'M.>Mei178'I1+M C l 8
E E5 e T 5#E 'e >iY%R S=Qb=i
E8E z17GKI1>MeT 5 5%EGE E >7R E ;eg$78 E8E T 5 ; 5 d_X^=atC fZ5 7g$+W<M 5 V 5EE +R.e%:G E
5 Wie; 5%EaE T 5 t+7G +.:8W)>e%:G1M''; 5E
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA s X
i i
d_X^&aS&Qb=i|Z O
d_X^&aS&Qb=i|Z )S=Qb=i@Z 7
s E ]('M'+M 5 5 Wie; 5
d_X^&aS&Qb=i
^M']+W; E8E5 V E5 W<+e%:G(;; 5%E .e%:G>.7 5EF5 R E :G78.e E 5 ;$+W E >7FM'K; 5E J E8EG5 :UW3t]+W:8+W
Y%R E >7`1>7G +; 5 C
x
A66 H7D
R78W 5%E )178KI1+Mte0:8L>M'<;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E V E ( E :U3eLT 5 5 7a+eL 5 e%:878;z V
e; E +7U >H: 5 5 E EGE >7G7 50E +7U3:G7U:8; 5 e 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 YRJeM' E 0Y%R+M'(e C
fZ5 ;$+7 W 5E :8W0L]>W 1+78 >7 E 'W<M' E W)>e%:G E 5 e 5 W<<;178'I1+M[] %$ VB>W 1>_i;$
7 5 R7UprM')ei:8t+MKC fZ5 7 W ]b1>7G +; 5iE 5 :G' 5 ;ig$78 E8E T 5 7G E RMH:Ue%:Gb]3.e%:G>.7 5
5 R E :G78.e< E );.W<+e E T 5 ]
V 5 E eLT 5iE J 5 ;$M.>7`RW7G7UIC
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j G = [ 6; [G y9 :G ;%= <[ :6=b; >[=mG DvD{ BED K& N :;&^S G >= HKZ LUv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
g RRXp : a L%=c^ ; xPa Y ; > > n;Pp Y ;
h G Z Z G H Z N KG J KZ Z&[
i Z a-yAPyv/vCBB G v%v%nn:: ZbH ^^ K == H LL G ;%;%aSa
; K 6vQ; [G; ]]
k vCB GG v%n: ZbZbHH ^ KK = HH L GG ;%aSH=Q[:Q6G ; [G [{AG { ]]
Frq
FuF K%N :;U H6G c G >= HKZ LUv6L G n K6Z ; H yuv/B|n6;^ Z&K6Z ; H
Fr\ RRXp : a L%=c^ lU >H p=t=Y= Z&[M: G v&n: G ;P^^ n6Z ;=%Hz:=ZbH l : G =^[ l ^ K = KG > GUHK l%{
Fr_ G Z Z G J K ZbOQJZ K%NZ
F|d Z a-y v/B G v%n: ZbH ^ K = H L G ;%aA=Q:Q; [G {
Fre HK :QQ=Q:Apt`t J : K = O Y G Bp=Q: ZbH[ yuvCB G v%n:CB|n;^ Z%KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G {
Frg
Fh Z aypu` HQJ YqY tp/BY;L&=YLQ; JQHK ``Ss{XRRPS=Tp=Q: Z& p G YAY;L%=YSs7
Fri
Frk K&N :;& v/HBnG c;^ G >=; HK6oZ LblE v6=L G n K6<Z ; H y ;Pp=Q: = Y lf
\uq ll K%NZ&KZ Z^QH l Z ^ HG ; [6K ZbHY G <=ZbHYK l%{ Z O G
\F
\u\
\u_ RRXp : a L%=c^ ; n6;SA^ : <c;
\d G Z Z G K6Z K ZbH JcZbHK
\ue K a-`ty %B n G N6uG`SL j%%v%nU:G6&; [9G i yv/B G v%n:{ B u`MU% 9z{
\ug Z K K:;U c >= LUv6L n ;K K y
\h K%N H6G v/BnG ;^ HKZ ; oG lU K6pZ =H Y %n B ^
\ui Z&KZ H H ZU[AK G QJ KtO6GSZbHK ;&:c^ K : Z?H <l%{
\uk RRXp : a L%=c^ ; =Q::=Q
_uq G Z Z GXH6 G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"
!)o/
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* "
5 5 e%:G
HL; 5 ;1I7GKI1>M D7Q ? :?< ND C m 5 7G E RM.:8; 5
:G' 5 ;$`7G+: 5 7Ge 5 ;$NMK7U; 5 78 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C[ EGE 'WV1>W 5%E e 5 7 5 78W<3""C."N Y%R 5 :G' 5
;i+g$7G EGE T 5 ] |CXC V EGEG5 .eL;$'>Y%RbeLT 5 9#RWiig$78 E8E T 5 e 5 5 Wie; 5 5 :G' 5 +W
;g$78 E8E T 5 ]# 5 W<78; 5 5 W
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j GQK%J : H 6; [9G :yr;% <GQ:K%=bJ >: =mH 6D; D[GBED? v{ K%N :;&^S G >= HK6Z Lbv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e RZ a-R yuvA` `` nHJ; YY6{: >GQK%J :^ H ; ;T: ^ Y = ; = v%n: ^Q^ ;
g K KZ Gt[Z G&H [ G J K [ [ G G
h K `t%n G N6G L j v%n: G 6; [G yv/B G v%n:{
i RRXp : a L%=c^ < =YS=; n; ;> ; ;MLQ;%::
k G Z Z G Z J KZ [ K [ GUHKG
Frq Z a-y RKR `Q` `H` J YYMYY{ ; > v&n: ^^ ; ;P: :
FuF K HJ H6 KG G G H G%K%J H
Fr\ Z ay(: GQK%J :: HK %n G `Q` HJ YY{
Fr_ GQK%J H
F|d G Y^ G RRS:;&^ G GQcK%J : H>K %= n G LU` v6HL J n YY ;G yuv/J B|n>t;>^ K ; ;[ ; G&HK ;P6
Fre K%N H6G G HK6Z l G K6: Z H v%n: ^^ Z&K6; Z H : : l%{
Frg GQK%J HcG G Z H GQI%JZ GQ[
Fh Y^
Fri G G
Frk
\uq Z ay :GQK%;&J : HK %cn G >``= HJ LUYQY6v6{TL Rn RP: ;GQK ;%yuv/: H B|n; ;^HJ >z; LQ; H ^ K : JK ;%:C Q6
\F K%N H6G G HK6l?Z ; ^ G: K6L Z ;%H:mL%= ; Z&K6Z: H : =Tp=Y l%{
\u\ H K J K HQH K G%K%J H J6G
\u_
\d RRtLQ;?>n=Q:= n6; > ^ ;
\ue K6Z Gt[6Z G&H
\ug Z a-y K B K:;U u`TcG%K% J >: H= K %n GLUB Kv6L n ]Q];K B [6yuv/Z > B|n6;u^`P G%;K%J : SHK lU% n Gp=B [Y Z >-:{ : %n l&{
\h K%N H6G G HKZ G K6Z H Z&K6Z H H ZU[ GQK%J HcK G
\ui
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%
!)o
i i
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j K : ZbO ; [G 9yu: ;%K <: :Zb=bO >=m; [DG DBEvD%{ ' K%N :;&6^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
\ %n D
_ K GPK K
d HK :QQ=Q:ApC
e
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
i RRXp : a L%=c^ ; xPa Y ; > > n;Pp Y ;
k G Z Z G H Z N KG J KZ Z&[
Frq Z a-yAPyv/vCBB G v%v%nn::DD ZbH ^^ K == H LL G ;&;&aMa ; K 6vQ; [G ]]
FuF GvCB v%n:D ZbH ^ K = H L G ;&aMH=Q[:Q6G ; ; [{AG { ]]
Fr\ G ZbH K H G [G
Fr_ K%N :;U H6G c G >lU= HKp=Z YLUv6L GY n K6a Z ; H ^ yuv/B|n6;;%^aAZ&K6=Z^Q; ^ H < > l%{
F|d H Z&[ G K Z&[G Z H G&HK
Fre RRXp : a L%=c^ >=t= : ;Pn6=%:=l ^l
Frg G Z Z G J K ZbOQJZ K%NZ
Fh Z a-y v/B G v%n: ZbH ^ K = H L G ;%aA=Q:Q; [G {
Fri HK :QQ=Q:Apt`t J : K = O Y G Bp=Q: ZbH[ yuvCB G v%n:CB|n;^ Z%KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G {
Frk aypu` HQJ YqY tp/BY;L&=YLQ; JQHK ``Ss{XRRPS=Tp=Q: Z& p G YAY;L%=YS7s
\uq Z
\F
\u\ K&N :;& lHG^c^ < G >= H< K6Z Lb;Pv6pL=QG: n K6= Z ;Y H yv/lB|n;^ Z&^QK6Z l ; H ^ ; Y <=Yl&{
\u_ Z HZbH K Z O G K%NZ Z H K G
\d
\ue
\ug
\h K D`t`t%%nn G N6G LL j v%v%nn:: G 66;; [G yuyuv/v/BB G v&v&nn:: DQ{{
\ui K G N6G j G [G G
\uk RRXp : a L%= n;^ =^ v%n: ^^ ^
_uq RRXp G : Z a Z L%= K6Z > ^[ ^ G G G
_F G Z Z [6Z G&H G
_u\ Z a-y K :D;UB [6Z > cu` K> = B [6Z >LU{ v6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
_u_ K%N H6G G lU HKp=Z Y G >K6Z H ^ ; ^ Z&K6Z=^H ^ < > l&{
_d H Z&[A[6Z G&H Z H ZbH Z H G&HK
_ue RRXp : a L%=c^ YQ= ; ^ : ;S >=SLQYQ=^Q^
_ug G Z Z G [ G I%J6G [ J GAGP[6Z : GZ&K ;S HJ YY
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~ X
~
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* /
= 5 :GY%R(; E8E >W 5E 5 W<: 1>Mt(eT 5 'R E CZ= 5 7 5 7UWii""C'"Iq V :87G'R.p E ( ?5
:G' 5 ;Jg$78 E8E T 5 ; 5 M'; 5 E Y%R+7U; 5 ^ ? V 5 ; 5 MK; 5 ;.78+.: 5 C[ E 1>7G +S E + :GRL; E
E T 5 E`E +R.e%:G E
M''e9}/1>7G >p E E i E ;$'W<+e EG EJE T 5 'R E C fZ5 7J+g >W<M 5 VB7G'W<+'78:87G.p
R'S>T 5 E >R'7@] L>7 >H:UW<+e%:8M'+M{CZ E +Re;Ve 5 +e%:8e%: 5 V%eT 5b5 ](;$ 5 7U; 5
5 W E :8)7G>7UC
b[XSV O
[_Yb[7SV } }
M''e9,/%q$ E ? ]RW :8. 5 Y%RMKY%R+7#Y%R}78+78 E +e%:8-RWiMK E8E , E R>e:878;
eL:Ut+MK])RWi : ? =< C
A VB)eT 5 RW :G' 5E .W<M' E E Rz+e%:G7U; E +78'RWi
?=<X; "> NKCD V 5 M'; 5 ;$'7G>H: 5 78 E RM.:8)ei 5 e E :8e:8[=chXh V +e%:8T 5 <:G78.R'S>T 5 ]
M'+%MXCa1M 5 7^;$ ? ]b 5 W<78; 5 5 W<+e%:878;iY%R.e E >7G'W 5E e):Ut+MK<7U
78+7G E >e:U7 RW :G' 5 E t>KM[78 5 1M 5 71[=chX
h VLe 5 'e 5 ;$ E :Ui E <;eM' E
E +Wie:8'>Ck^Wg$+W<M 5 1M''; 5 RWeT 5 1M'K; 5iE >7GKW}V 7G E t>:G'1W<+e%:G
h=^iXi e
[=chXh
b[XS
[=chXh
M''e9"^1>7G +p E E 5 :8. 5 >W ? ] E RPMK E8E <; 5 :G' 5 +W ?5 R-1 '+pr1+7 E C
E ; 5 E + EG5E`E T 5 ++.: 5%E 5 W 5 M.> E C
=^ EGE pHMH:8.W 5 + E5 V@1M'RWi-+g$M.K+S+T 5EG5 78} E +Wie%:8'>-Y%RY%R+78+W 5%E ;7i
E :G0 5 Wie; 5 C f 7G'W<+'7 5 V E 5 :G' 5 ; 5 MK; 5 ;$'7G>H: 5 5 7 RWi E Rt+M' EGE b; 5 :8. 5 ; 5 M'; 5
E Y%R+7U; 5 Vt>e%:8T 5 z:G78.R'S>T 5 ]0 >H:UeL:GR78M.W<+e%:8V E +W7 5 M'+Wi E Cb= 5 > EG5 'e 1+7 EG5 V
e%:8 E ;#_>+73-:87G'RKS+T 5 V 5&E E :G+Wi;g$NRS>T 5 _z 5 70 5 e%:8}787GK 5 >78S>T 5
; 5%E :8. 5E C@ 1%KW<>e:8V E J) 5 +7US+T 5 eT 5 R;+7 E >7@ >H:UV$RW+787 5 ;(+g$>RLS+T 505 5 7878C
k*vW 5E RWg$+W<M 5
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
,
!)o
i i
ZXZXZ
`&h=^i=i
ZXZXZ
=z78.W<+'7U#:87G'RKS+T 5 V ]7^&d } ]);$0RWi E Rt+7UMK E8E 0;#+g 7G EGE T 5 ; 5 M'; 5 ;.78+.: 5 V
E8E .W b:87G'RKS+T 5 ]^ +.:8 E +W 7 5 M'+Wi E C= E +Re;Vg$78 E8E T 5 E YR+7U;(]; 5 :G' 5
VPY%R3]0RWi E RPMK E8E 3;MK E8E 3;$ n]^&d } Vt EGE 'WVP:G78.R'S>T 5 ]3 +.:8W)N;$Ke%:G);
5 >78S>T 5 ;g$78 E8E T 5 ;$.78+.:87U 5 :8. 5 +e 5 e%:G7U; 5 e 5 MK; 5 E Y%R>78; 5 C 465 W 5z5 :G' 5
78>M[;$ l]7^&d } ] 5 W< E W 5 Vte>e9 RW7 5 M'+Wi 5 5 7G78C(#ei:8+7U+'7U#:87G'RKS+T 5 VL:G+W 5%E
RW+787 5 V$ 5 E :G>e:UW 5E _+>7i 5 >78S>T 5 ;$RW 5 $v*+: 5 L7U)i+M' EGE V 5 Y%RbeT 5 ]
5E8E 1>M{C[? E8E ^>7G7 5 eT 5 ];$+:G>:8; 5 t+M 5 eLM' E ; 5 7 E >Wie%:GK 5 7G E RM.:878(e RW+787 5 ;$
g$NRS>T 5 C
1+78 +7 E 5 5 Wie; 5 E :8 E >e; 5 R E ; 5 ;$>e%:G7 5 ;$RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7 'm
1+78 +7 E J+M'] 5 7G'W<+'7 5 5 W<e; 5 ; 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7 'm
1+78 +7 E iMK E8E (+WYR 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7a E :8< 5E8E RyRW< E Rt+7UMK E8E &m
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%o
!)oq
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* %o
1+78 +7 E ) E RL>78+M' EGE b 5E8E RRW 5 e E :87GR: 5 7(Y%R3+ E 0 5 W#U9LWi; E +eL; 5
XH
eM' E ;ze W<+7 5 J:8. 5 ;$J78W)+:G7 5E C
k*vW 5%E VL+e%:8T 5 V 5 W 5 E8E E 1>7G >S EFE T 5 'W<M.>W<+e%:8; E e 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E +Wie$p
MD7?%?<ND |CXC
:GK 5 f 7 5 7UWi)""C."NC78.W<>.7UJ 5 eL;$'S>T 5 ]^1+78 >; 5 7dW<+ 5 ; 5 1M 5 7d;J178'I1+M
No A6ND J 1IM 5 7 Q
? :D e 5 'e 5
V+Y%RVI 5 W 5 1 E : 5 VI] Y%Re; 5 RW 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7 E :8 E +eL; 5 eLM' E ; 5 CB?dW
E +R';VPR$:G'M.'_>W 5E 1I7GKI1>M V YRLMZ 5 k:G78.R ; 55
;zeM. E 0; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V E 5 78'W)>.7 5 5 Wie; 5 ]3RW<zU9Wi; p
9
C?@e:UT 5 V E 3 EGE
178'I1+M](1>78;;$>.7UV E :UW 5E eM. E e; 535 78.W<>.7 5 5 Wie; 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V 5 7G:8e%: 5b5
5 Wie; 5 ]0M'+%MXCb= 5 :GiY%R0M 5 5 L E EGE #1+78 >S>T 5 V 5 1IM 5 7(;178KI1+M]<W3R;; 5
;$<W 5 ; 5 Y%RiY%RM'Y%R>7 5 R$:G7 5 5 Wie; 5 iXT_&d}Y%Ri78>S>#e E :8< 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7(eT 5}E v
++.: 5 C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j J n G :Q; [G 9y: ;%J <n :G =b:Q>=m; [DG DBEvD { K%N :;&6^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e Z a-a-yuyvA `` H: J Y&Y6n {: GQuK%` J : H Y Y6{
g Z :GQK&;UJ HK cG >= HJ LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
h K%N H6G lU^ G n H: KZ ^t; GY%SK6Z=YH Y;& Z&K6ZL%; H ^ : L ;%:^l%{
i J G Z H GQ[
ZbH H K J K
k
Frq Z a-yA :;UL&= H ^ J ncG : >{ = LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
FuF K%N H6G lU^ G n H:XK>Z ^ G K6Za H:6^ ^ = Z&K6>Z H
Fr\ J G J KPO6G Z K K KG G&HK
ZbHAK%N6G LQ; H ^ K : J L K ;%:l&{
Fr_ L%= ^ n :M`Pa=Y^ 3RR ;Xn :U> ; :;A^ n :
F|d H J G G H6 G Z&KG JK J G
Fre RRnc=&n; =Tn6=%:=S= := = =A^ n :6LQYQ=^^ =MLQY%=^^ L%;%::
Frg :Y%=H^K^Xnc`P : =G&HKY B[Y p [ Y n J B|n6=QG : GA[ G G&HKG
Fh Ha-K yrnc`` YY6{ J K O G G G J G&HK
Fri Z :;U HJ c >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
Frk K%N H6G G HKZ G K6Z lE6H ;A^ n :6Z&LQK6Y%Z=^H ^Pa;%: ^SL%YQ=^^l&{
\uq J G K%NZ
\F RR B tn6;^^ >c :Q LAL%;?>;^ n;^ ;^on6=%:b> :;^
\u\ K K JZJ HK G K6Z [ GQK
\u_ KRR`tn:%;nL G : N6=MG L;Aj LQv%; n:^ G : Z ^ K;%: ; [G= yuvC= Bu=Q:<6YQ^= { =M^ n :6LQYQ=^^
\d : J ; >m` H K JK H K O6G [ J G G
\ue HK nG%K%B N [^ B > ; L%YQ=^^ylULQ; ^ : L ;%:ly :Q L{ B {
\ug H6G KG%[ GQK&N [ Z?H[ H H K J K HK G K K
\h RRt^ ;t=L ;
\ui GTH6 N J
\uk Z a-y>
:`Q;U` HJ cYYM { >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; Sl?; ^ : L ;%:!lfon B =?> f
_uq K%N lH6y?GlfG y B HKSZ `` G YQK6Y Z mH llmQySZ&yK6 Z H :Q L{ H B K J{B K ;Q :CyE{Q{Af H G
_F K K HJ HK G K K K K
_u\ RR L%= l%{ H ; K v a;^ JH[ Ll%{=b >= =A=M^ n : ;> ; ;
_u_ : ZbH[6Z ; B I%J6=^GS^ G n Z :mKG` N: [ J G H K [
_d J GQK%N [ N J G K J6G
_ue
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X %
i i
?dW E +RK;V@: 5 Wip E -+e%:878;&eL&:Ut+MK;$ E W3 5 M 5E ; E RL>78+M' EGE z;+M' EGE
5 7G78+e%:8C l EGEG5 ]< +.: 5 e}M''e9"Iq$C m i E8E )1M 5 7]ie%RM 5 V+e%:UT 5 }MK E8E i 5 7G78+e%:8)eLT 5
5E8E RyRW< E Rt+7UMK E8E (V$ 5 7G:8e%: 5 V 5 5 Wie; 5 iXT_di]'M'+M{C
P?Q=<MD o
=3M.'e93/]^ >H:U3beM' E ^;3M. E :8b;$(78RW<>e: 5E ;0U9Wi;C 465 W 5 78 E RMH:U; 5 V
?=<6MD o
5 :G]+W)p E <RW 5 v*: 5 ; 5 :8. 5 IVBY%RV 5 W 5 1%'W 5E V]iRWi}M' E :8;<:G' 5%E VZY%R
;$ E +7G>1 5%E :8. 5E ;$(+;bg$78 E8E T 5 R$:8.M'._N;3e)U9Wi;C 465 W E e E :G
]F +.:8JRWi(R E +(e E Rt+7UMK E8E J EG5 W<>e:8ae E Rt+7UMK E8E N 5 7kRW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7kYR^+ E
5 W 5E :G' 5E +M'+RM'; 5E ; 5%E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E C 4 E5 E8E < 5 e E :87GR: 5 7(eT 5E *vz+e 5 e%:G7U; 5 V
RW+787 5 5 yM 5 +M''_>; 5 Ck W<+e E +W 78) E8E (>7G7 5 ]JM. 5 ; 5 :G' 5
^WeM' E ; 5 7 E +Wie%:8' 5 Wi E 5 W<M': 5 5 ;$>7GK^+ :8R7 5 R$:87 5%E :8. 5E ;$@1+78 +S>T 5
+W78+MKS+T 5 5 5 Wie; 5 iXT_&dtCF?dW7G:GKRM'7>VL 5 ;$>7GK<7G E :87G'e.7 5 R E5 ; E 178KI1+ E
;$J'e E :Ue+'<;<+M' EGE ( 5 787G>e%:GeL)U9LWi;V 5 E E :U E 'e;0eT 5 5 78W .e'+'M.'_>; E C
fZ5 78]+W eT 55 7G>W 5%E e 5 e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7>VW) E W 5 5 7UY%Ri+W 5 R$:87 5%E 5 W<e; 5%E ;
M'.eR+WeT 50E 1+78 > E RWi0178'I1+M 5 y.e'+'M.'_>;be%:8 E ;$ E >76R E ;V 5 E EGEG5
g$''7GKY%Re 5E8E5 eM' E ; 5 7 E +Wie:8' 5 78>M''_> E8E #eM. E z;$ PRg 5 ;$z 5 e%:G7 5 M'#;$
;; 5E V 5 Y%R RW<+e%:87GK E >e E .1+M'W)>e%:G E Rb 5 W<M'g$K;;$C 4 ;17GKI1>M;$(.e E :8eK
78>>LJRW1M 5 7GpX;$7UT 5 V%;$b 5 7U; 5 5 W 5<E +R:8. 5
'e%:>d1M 5 7pr;78T 5 m ]
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
q-
!)o
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* q
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j ;%:Q6; [G yu9;%::%;%6<; :[=bG >=mv{ DDB s
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e RZ a-RT= yuvA=`Y ` ^%H= J YY6{L : =GQK%Y J V: H=! ;
g H Z ZbHZ Z Z
h K :Q
i %n G N6G L j K = KG > G&HK ; [G yuvCB ZbHZ&K {
k
Frq L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
FuF K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
Fr\ %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^%=%< G y{{
Fr_
a ; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
F|d
Fre RRT= =Y ^%= v%n: ^^ ; LQ; :;Y
Frg H Z G G [G HK G
Fh K :Q
Fri
Frk K a`ty Q%B n G NG L j v&n: G 6; [G yuv/B G v%n:{
\uq Z K K:;& u`ScU &> = 9 Lb]] v6KL B n[6Z > ; u`Syv/sB { v%n:/B|n;^ ;
\F K&N HG G HlUK6 Z < G: K6Zv%nH: ^^ G ; v%n Z&L K6Z H l&{
\u\ HKG G G G Z H
G G KGQ[
\u_ L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
\d K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
\ue %6^ >B; B|n: Y y B< ^^%=%< y{{
\ug a; JHK[G G >J= HK K6Z LUZ?H::K ;%H:fQGf GQK%G G
\h
\ui RRT= =Y ^%= v%n: ^^ ;
\uk H Z G G [GMZbH LU: G > G&HK ;
_uq K :Q
_F %n G N6G L j K = KG > G&HK ; [G yuvCB ZbH L&:{
_u\
_u_ L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
_d K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
_ue %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^%=%< G y{{
_ug
a ; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
_h
_ui RRT= =Y ^%=cLQ;?>= ;S=S^ :S: n ;
_uk H Z H[ G G GQK6Z&[
dq K :Q
dF
d\ H6%G n^ KZbH <fL f 3=RR > ZbH LU: G >; G&HK yuvC=MB^;t= = H{Z?H N =b> GUHK ;
d_ G N6G j K KG G&HK [G K K
dud L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
de K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
dg %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^%=%< G y{{
dh
a ; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
di
dk ^ < 3RR L&: > =M;t= =?> ;
euq H6G K6ZbH [G G G&HK HZbHN G&HK
eF
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X Qs
i i
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ %n G N6G L j : G = j ; [G 9y:;%: <G := =bj >=m; [DG DBv { D K%N :;&6^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
\
_ RZ a-RXp yuvA: `a` HL%J=cYY6^ {: GQ^ K%J : H :; >
a;%:/B ;Q6
d G Z Z GtG Kt[G&HK [GXJ GXH6
e Z a-y H6G :^ K6;UZbH < c `t sc>={ LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
g K%N H6G G HKZ l G : K6Z= H ; Z&K6=TZ aH ;%:c^ = > l%{
h O G jAH KAZbH K KG GUHK
i
?^V 5 W EGEG5 V%:G>7GW<'eW 5%E 07G:GJ;$eLM' E (; 5E 5 W<e; 5%E C[k*vW 5%E e E >S>T 5 ""C
5 W 5 + :8R7^<eLM' E ;$+;3:8. 5 ;$Jg$78 E8E T 5 ;$ ++ C
X
f 7U# E 5 e E :Ue%:G E V 5 $:G>7 5E +R:G' 5 ]:G78.1 KMXVL 5 W 5 W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78Wi""C$C
7878 5 :G' 5 ; 5 e;781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+i;:G>7GW<'eY%RM 5 :8. 5 ;# 5 e E :Ue%:GC m 5 W<>e:8
e 5 + E5 ;$<RWiz 5 e E :8e:80'e%:G>.7U#]<eN E8E 78'iRW<1+78 >S>T 5 +g%:878zY%R<eT 5 ]0 >H:U
eieM' E E 'e%:8:GK+CF^Wii 5 e E :8e%:8.e%:G>.7U)]3;$ eK;<e 5 eLM' E ; 5 7 E 'e%:8:8' 5 t+e E
5 W 5 &kI+e+'z;$); H: 5E Vy 5 7G]>W E 0 5 7;$+Wi E K; 5 7Ue;$V 5 eXHW<+7 5 eLT 5zE +7U
RWi E NY
]d1M'K;C= 5 :8@Y%RdR$:8.M'._Ne; 5 E8E kW<]+: 5 ; 5 78a1M.K;7` 5 e E :Ue%:GV> E :UW 5E EGE RW<'e; 5
= Cb
Y%R 5 'e%:G>7G1M 5 1M.K; 5 7URW< 5 e E :8e%:80'e%:G+'7U>W ++ ]
5 )W E W 5 R$:G'M'._N; 5 +
W
%I1IC[ 5 e E :8e:8 1[XchXhb:G+W E >W<7G 5 :G' 5
X
.e E >7GK; 5 e 5 e 1+MyWi E M.: 5 ;
:8L>M'<;$ EG W3 5 M 5E C
F n J O Y Z L K %n G %n:G;&6 N6^tG L j > H= K ; HLU^ Kv66L 9; :n[;%G <y:; =bH>K =m; DH D^ KB Q6 ; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G KZ H
_
d ZbHKPj
e
g Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
h
i R:QR KG&HK = K := H ^Ua;%:U>=%: Z >=Q< G > G > H W%> G :; ZbHKGZ :;
k K
Frq `M < :/B|n6=Q:^ yuv/B|n;^ ; B >=%< {
FuF j HKG G G HK Z&K6Z H Z G
Fr\ L%= L y > :Q;%:U>= v6L n ; {
Fr_ K N J O6G K G K6Z HG
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)"
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[*
;=<>?AB:CDcA6"JC2H x
A66 7H DE +eL;
:8L>M';$ EG W0 5 M 5%E C l E : 5 ]) +.: 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi""C /VyY%R<R$:G'M.'_> 5 5 e9>+'; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
787 5 +R787b178KI1+Md+Rv 5 e 5 W<# E :8e 5 e 5
eLM' E ; 5 C m b017GKI1>ML]>e 5 e:878;V 5iE +Rz:G' 5 ]+g%:878 ; 5 ;0:Ut+MKi;$ E W3 5 M 5E C
F n JO Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j =Q:Q6; [G y9=Q::%;%6<; :[=bG >=mv{ DDK%BN :@ ;&^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ :QQ=Q:tn
_ HK
d
e Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
g RRn:;L :=Sp=Q: p Y = = YQ=
h J Z% G H K O6G
i nA`S J : K = O Y G Brp=Q: Z?H[ yuv/Bn;^ Z&KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G {
k
Frq Ra-Rt^ yrncGTH6`` ;t=YL NY6;{ J
FuF Z :;U HJ c >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; SlE=Q: = Y lf
Fr\ K%N H6G G HKZ G K6Z H Z&K6Z H Z O G
Fr_ : : %n yrn B %n n B >{ v/Bn;^ Z&KZ ; H B Z >=Q< G fl H ; K a; JH[ l%{
F|d G%K%J HSHG K G K G [Z
Fre
ACXCEX H7D V
? E8E E 5 78W 5%E e E Y%R(78+78 E +e%:8W 5%E :8. 5E Wi E6E 'W)M. E ;$ g$78 E8E E +W ++ C
k*vW 5E V^ 5 78V 5 :G7U:UW<+e%: 5 ;&RW eRW 5 RL 5 Wi EE5LE :8'>; 5 V 5
Y%R7G>7G E >e%:8RW<U9W<;&;W<]+: 5 ; 5 CW<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R:G7U:U&;$ EGE z:G' 5 ;$}e]
W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78Wi""CCk?@M.V'e'+'M.W<>e:8V>MKRMK 5 :G' 5 ;<g$78 E8E T 5 Y%R E :U
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA Qs X
i i
?Q=< H7D
U9W<;b e3M''e9</C[? E8E )U9W<;b78: 5 78eRW 5 $v*: 5
; 5 :8. 5 ?<ND VaRv,178'I1+M ?< ]RW 5 W 5%E :8. 5E +MKRM'; 5E 78 5%E
78RW)>e%: 5E ;U9Wi;C)`:G'M'._Ne; 55 e 5 W<i; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 VY%R<]<RW ; 5%E M.9 5%E ; 5 e
5 7G78+e%:8VIF M' E :8J;$6:G' 5%E ; 5E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E VN7GNM'._Np E 6RWiR E >eL^:Ut+MK ;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E
78(U97 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 ;$NY%R; 5 CO,MK7 5 YRa(R E >(;+1 E +7Z >H:UJeJMK E8E a;$NY%R;V
5 R E *vVe<MK E8E Y%R( 5 >MKRMK;0e 5 'e 5 YR7G>7G E >e%:8)0+g$7G EGE T 5 "J E Y%R+7U;
; 5 5 e%: 5 eiU9Wi;); 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C fZ5 7`g$>W)M 5 V$e E >R'e%:GJg$78 E8E T 5
ACXCE H7D
] 5 :G' 5 7G+: 5 7Ge; 5 L>M'bU9LWi;C? E8E a:G' 5 ]V>e:UT 5 V7G+: 5 7Ge; 5 L>M 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R`:878:8
5 M''e9i/% C
F n JO Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j Q=YY&6; [G y9:=;%Y<Y&:6=b; >[=mG DvD{ B K& N :;&^S G >= HKZ LUv6L G n K6Z ; H
\ :QYQ=^Q^cL
_ HK
d H%nK :Q GQDK% N ; [ >
e K GPK K
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
i RRtL%=YL YQ= n6; ;Xn: > :;ta Y ;
k J K6Z [ Z GZ Z N
Frq K D`t%n G N6G L j v%n: G 6; [G yuv/B G v&n:{
FuF RRt^ a;&:A=Q::=%C
Fr\ G
Fr_ Z a-y K :D;UB [6Z > c} sM >{ = LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
F|d K%N H6G G HKZ G lQK6::Z =QH6^ ; Z&; K6Z H =Qp > ; ^6l%{
Fre [ H KXN G G%K%N [
Frg RRt^ ;Pa;%: >=MLQYQ=^^ Q6
Fh GTH6 J G
Fri Z a-yt:y K;U DB K cZbH ^ >K == H L G ;%LUaSv6L HnK :;YQ=yuv/^^B|n6{;{ ^ ; SlQ%n lf DB CB =b> f
Frk K%N H6G G HKZ G l K6Z ; H ^ ; Z&K6=QZp H > ; G^l%{ K K H G
\uq [ G H KPN G GQK%N [
\F
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA D X Q@
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* o$"
cA6!J/2H V 5 76+g$+W<M 5 Ck= 5 :GV 5 78]+W}V YR(Y%Re; 5 RW<3+e%:G7U;b; 5 :8. 53? =6< MD7? H V
Y%Rb>M.0eT 5 ;$. +783W0R.: 5 ;$ 5 R$:87 5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E ;bL E Y%R E ie<:Ut+MK;$ EG W3 5 M 5E 5 W 5
5 W 5 W< E W 5 e 5 W<(; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 7 5 R7U; 5 V] +e 5 e%:G7U;JeL:8L>M'0;$ EG W3 5 M 5E _p E V
+e%:UT 5 VRWi3 5 W<7US>T 5 ; 5%E :G' 5E ; 5E 78RW<>e: 5E {78Wi_+>e; 5E +W k 5E :8. 5E ; 5%E
?=<6MD o DcAMCU
78W)+:G7 5E 5 78Wi E 7GWi_++eL; 5%E e(>e:878; +e 5 e%:G7U;CB? E8E J 5 W<7US>T 5 ]6 >H:U( 5 7
W<+ 5 ;iU9Wi;0 VY%Rb 5 W<7U E 5%E :G' 5%E ;$.W<>e E E ;$b+;
+M'+W<>e: 5 ;)M. E :Ui;$(:G' 5%E + E W g:UW<+e%:8C
F n JO Y Z LT HK :Q GQK%N ; [ > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ y9 :K ;%: <Zb:H =b<c>=mvCDD BH K :Q G LP:{
\ :Q= Y nA` ;bn
_ HK O G K
d HK :QYQ=^Q^ I
e Y yrnu` YY6{
g NZ G HJ
r*r r 3 r 3 t r 3 *r * 6r r 6 r6re
{ q &{
{ {
{
{
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!)
i i
h
i ay(n ZbH ^ K = H L G ;&aS HK : GQK%N ; [ Pn B H =?> G B GQI&J =Y^yv{M{
k Z
Frq HK : GQK%N ; [MK `y HK : GQK&N ; [ {on
FuF ay B|n=Q:=b>`` HJ YY6{
Fr\ Z K
Fr_ Z ayu:t: `` H: J YY6{
F|d GQK%J HcK
Fre Y^
Frg G G
Fh
Fri Z a: y K B|n6:=Q:=b>B GQI&J =Y^y:{{
Frk GQK%J HAK
\uq
\F nc `XnB H6G v K
\u\
\u_
\d I a-`y Y G B|np G=Q:Y J n `Q` YQY6{
\ue Z I : :G&HK YYH J
\ug : G%K%J : HMIG%K%B|Jn6=QHA: GUHHKJ B H6G ^ KGQ[ B > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ yuvC:{
\h
\ui
?& HD
eM' E (;bR$:8.M''_>S>T 5 ; RWi31I7GKI1>M;$(.e E :Ue+'37G>7G E >e%:8;J 5 76W<+ 5 ;RW
e ]b E :Ue%:G E +W<+M'9e%:8 J U9Wi;);bW<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R0+W 5%E ;b1>7>C f[5 7
EGEG5 V[eT 5-E >78}eN EGE 78 5 78 E +e%:87bY%R 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 YR# +:GR:8MFeM. E C He'>
;$. +78+eS>b](YRV$t E +MKRM'7 5 :8. 5 ;bg$78 E8E T 5 nJ E Y%R>78;b; 5 5 e%: 5 (1+78 +7 E ]
RW:G' 5 1M''; 5 5 R E vVtRWi#MK E8E I VL_+p E 3i7 5 R7U< 5 7RW<#1I7GKI1>M;$0.e E :8eK
e EGE bMK E8E Cd :G' 5 7G+: 5 7Ge; 5 t+M 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ] 5 $:8'; 5 ;3+e%:G7U;3;317GKI1>Me:Ut+MK
;$ E W3 5 M 5E Cd %1 KW<+e%:8 E b17GKI1>MeT 5 5 7a>e 5 e:878;Je)MK E8E (;$ E *v;be+W +W
M'RW<)MK E8E Je E :878M{V RW+787 5)5 5 7G78+RBC
?=<6MD o
]U9Wi; 5 78>+R7 E '1IW<+e%:G`78 :878:876; 5 78 E :8e%:8^;M' E :8#M.'e9) CZ> 5 E ]78'; 5
S?=<D o
RW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :G' 5 Y%R3 5 e%:G]+W 5 :G' 5 b#;$'W<+e E T 5 ;<7G'W<+'78<+g 7G EGE T 5
2
zY%Rz 5 e%:8L7U 55 R$:87 5 ;$>1 5 M.1 K; 5 eU9Wi;78>+R7 E '1;M'.e9L-C
?<ND
<ND D o N/D ?b H7D @CXC
? E8E 5 v*: 5 ]Vy>e%:8T 5 VP+e> E RMK; 5 e%RW 5 $v*+: 5 ; 5 :8. 5 );+1 5 M.1 K; 5 C RLe; 5z5
o|CXC
1M 5 7FR$:G'M'._N; 5 e0U9LWi;3;$ ] V%+e%:8T 50E U9> 5 Rz 5
W ;<M' E :8#;g$78 E8E E C@= E :G3> EG5 ]7G+: 5 78e; 5 RW 5 $v*: 5 ?<ND 5 W:8. 5
|CXC
;$'W<+e E T 5
C l E : 55 5 7G78`:8]^W< E W 5 Y%Re; 5 U9Wi;;$W)]+: 5 ; 5 ]` >H:U E +W e+e9 RW
78RW)>e%: 5 CF= 5 7 5 78Wi""CV 5 1IM 5 7^;$+1 5 M'1 '; 5 ]bR$:8.M'._N; 5 L7U<L E Y%R E 7^
:8L>M'; E W3 5 M 5E i+ EG5 RWW)]+: 5 ; 5E +W 7UW<:87 5%E g$ E :UV E +7U+e 5 e%:G7U; 5 e E :U
t E YR E C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA Q@ X
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* o/
F n J O Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j v%n: G Z ^ K 96:; ;%[<G :y=b >Z =m^ K D6D; [B G v{
\ %n D
_ K GPK K
d HK :QQ G LP:C
e ZbHKPH
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAH6G K %n G y HJ YYs{
i
k K :Q
Frq RRon G <= K6Z n; [ ;Xn: Z > GZ :; H x [ =tY Z ^ K =
FuF
Fr\ K `tQ%n G NG L j v&n: G 6; [G ycyv%n: G 6; [G {Xv/B H ; [G {
Fr_ L%= L y >= LUv6L n ; {
F|d K N G HKZ G K6Z HzG
Fre %6^ KG >B; JK B|n: Z?HK Y H y G B< GQK%G ^^%=%< G y{{
Frg
a ; JH[ G >= HK6Z LU::;%:fQf
Fh
Fri K ` HG K &n G yQ6% Q9/s{
Frk
\uq RRn <= n; ;X: ^ = =SY ^ =B DB
LQ; ?> >c :Q L
\F G KZ [ G K HKGS[ Z K K K HK J HK G
\u\ K D`t%n G N6G L j v%n: G Z ^ K 6; [G yv/B H6G v K {
\u_ RR ` =b>= ; =AY ^ = > D
\d H K HN [ Z K G K
\ue H `y K DB K A`` HQJ YY6{PsPyty HK :QQ G L{ K DB K {BLQ; HK
\ug RRtL&: = ;%p;T :Q LALQ;?> B
LQ;?>;
DU;B Y > ;
\h :t` Z SH :Q HKLy B G C B K >K fDSy :QG G LGU{ HK DB {
\ui H6G HK G K K K [6Z H HK G K K
\uk RRtL&: = %n LQ;>c:cLQ;>;Pp=Q: p Y
_uq Z K G Z% G K
_F K: ` H6: G K %n G yu: s{
_u\ G%K%J HMK
_u_
eM' E `; 5 L>78S+T 5 ;$`'e;$+gS+T 5 ;$^RW787UI]78 E +e%:U;(e 5 7 5 78Wi0""Cq
TKHD HD
678 E +e%:8`M.RWi EE +W<>M.9eS+ E 5 W\^eM. E @;U9LWi;`;@W<]: 5 ; 5E C l eKKM'W<+e%:GV
+M'+RMKp E i+g 7G EGE T 5 ; 5 7G'W<+'7 5< M'9 5 ; 5 E +e; 5 eM' E ; 5 C^7G E RM.:8; 5
;$ EGE Jg$78 E8E T 5 ;$+1 E +7dRW 7G7UIV; 5 Y%RM E ; E *vR$:8.M''_>76RW+M'+W<+e%: 5 C f[5 7@ EGEG5 V 5
:G' 5 78: 5 7GeL; 5 e0U9Wi;;bM''e933;$+1^:G>7F;.W<+e E T 5 Wi 5 7@Y%R _++7 5 CZ^M']+W; E8E5 V
;$>1p E 1+78 >7 5 :G' 5 ;)g$78 E8E T 5 R E ;) 5 W 5< eL;$'+VY%Rb;+1 E +7^; 5 :8. 5 'e:8+'7 5 C
m J E8E E ;$R E 5 e;'S EaE T 5 5 787G+:8W<>e:81+78 >; E V%+e%:UT 5)5 :8. 5 ;0g$78 E8E T 5 E >7
78: 5 7GeL; 5 ]6'M.W<>e:8`+MKRM'; 5 CO 5 W< E W 5 :8. 5 ;(g$78 E8E T 5 >MKRMK; 'e'+'M.W<>e:8
5 W<;$'W)>e E T 5 ;$>+7G>W<+e%:8;0;RWi0Re';;$C
F n J O Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j H[G vQ; [G 9y: ;%H<[:G =bvQ>=m; [DG DBv { ' K%N :;&6^t G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H
\ :QYQ=^Q^cL
_ HK
d K %n GPK D K
e
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA % X Q
i i
? ?
e#:8t+MKCJ78 E 5E :8i]0e+%:G'1# 5 E5 eM. E ; 5 7 E 'e%:8:GK 5 78>Y%R>7RWK;$+e%:8 >; 5 7
;$> 5 E ;$ [_YyV eT 5 ++.:8e; 5 V$ 5 7G:8e%: 5 V$ E MKI1 78 E 78 E +781; E 5 R C
m T 5 +M'+RMK; 5%E@5%E :8. 5E ; 5%E 78RW<+e%: 5E YR E +7UT 5 R$:G'M.'_>; 5E e)U9W<;3; 5 5 e E p
:G78R$: 5 7`V+e%:8T 5 V$7 5 R7Up E RW 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7^Y%R++.:G E :8)M' E :8<;$b7GRW<+e%: 5%E C m ( 5 7
+eL 5 e%:878; 5 V:GR; 5 E :878b 5 787G+: 5 5 :8. 5 78: 5 78e; 5 L>M 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 5 W 5 7G E RM.:8; 5 ;$ EGE
g$78 E8E T 5 ;bM 5 >S>T 50E +7U<<MK E8E (7GNRt+7U;3e0:Ut+MKi;$ E W3 5 M 5E e)M'.e9}">
C
F n JO Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j G 6:;&O%^tG L K 96>:;= ;%[<G :y=b LU>G=m6v6L DODnQGB L K; 6; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ %n
d K :QGP K ; n
e HK :Q=GQK%NY [ L
g HK O G
h
i RZ a-RnyuvA:;`L ` :H=AJ =MYY6LQ{Y%:=GQ^K%^ J : HA= HJ Y=YYS ^ ^ =ML&: =Q: >m; ;
k J Gt[ I%J Gt[G G Z J OQGQK
Frq RLXRt`S^ J : K =;tO Y=GL BLQ; YQ=^^UZbH [ Qnyuv/B H =b> G B Z >=Q< G {
FuF GTH6 N J
Fr\ Z a-yLP:``;U HJ YcY6{ >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; Sl?YQ=^^mlftv/B =?> B >=Q< f
Fr_ K%N H6G l G ; HKaZ; l%G{ K6Z H Z&K6Z H H G Z G
F|d H K JH[
Fre
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X '
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* oo
Frg RR K B K A: G L G&O6G =SY Z ^ K = [GPKZ n;^ [ ;^P=Q:< J > G&HK ;^
Fh K `t% n G N6G L j v%n: G Z ^ K ; [G yuvCBu=Q:<6^{
Fri RRn:;L J := J >zL%; H ^ K : JK ;%:
LQ;> G ^^%=t=^^ ZbH = K%J :=
Frk %b> = Y ^T`yyr :YQ=^^{%L{B ^
\uq nA`MK ^O B > GG%K%N ; [ ZbH[ H HK LQYQ=^^y?lULQ; H ^ KH:G J KL KGQ;%[ :lyr H6K :Q G L{ K B K {
\F RRt^ GTH6 ;t=L N ; J
\u\
\u_ Z a-yrnc:``;U HJ YcY6{ >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; Sl?; ^ : L ;%:!lf
\d K%N H6G vCG B =b>HKZ B >=Q< G K6f
Z lH y?lfy Z&B K6ZMH `` YHYKmJ llK
\ue yPH y HKG :QZ G LG{ K B K {B K ; KK :K yE{{PfmHl%J { H ; K a; JH[ l%{
\ug
\h RRX: GQK ;&: H =cLSLQ;>; K6Z n6; [6Z > G&H ^ ;S`PsY;L%=Yt` Dy H6 ;AY;L%=Y{
\ui
\uk K: ` H6: G K %n G yL s{
_uq G%K%J HMK
_ F
M 5 +S+T 5 ;$-7878I E ] E >W<+M'9e%:GC l e'+'M.W<+e%:8] +.:8R E >e:8L>M';$
PH>
EG W0 5 M 5%E ;MK E8E 5 R:8. 5 E ' 5 Y%R< 5 W< 0+;#>M.>W<+e%: 5 ; 5 7G7UIC?dW E +R';V
78-+;g$78 E8E T 5 Y%R E :8-e&M' E :U&;$g$78 E8E E e 5& M'9 5 ; 5 e 5 7G78+e%:GV
1>7G >p E E 53E +Ri:8. 5 ] RW.e%:8+'7 5 VRWi1+_Y%R E8E E +g 7G EGEG E ;$>1>W78+78 E +e%:U7
5 =H
e W)>7 5 ;$J+M'+W<>e: 5E +W>;0RWi<; E ;$'W<+e EG E ; 5 7878IC m : 5 ; E E +g 7G EGEG E
5 78+W ; 5 :G' 5 5 7G78: 5 V+e%:8T 5b5 W<]: 5 ; 5 78: 5 78e7U 5 W 5 :G' 5 ;b+g$7G EGE T 5 ;$ M 5 +S+T 5 V
XH XH
H>
5 :8. 5 78>+RL>78; 5 ;:Ut+MKb;$ EG W3 5 M 5E 5 W 5 e W<+7 5 ;$ ;.W<+e E E .RML 5 e W<+7 5
;$+g 7G EGEG E e 5< M'9 5 ; 5 ei 5 787G>e:8C@ W<]+: 5 ; 5 ]W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi""C
F n JO Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j G :;&::^t=QQ 69>; :[= ;%G <y: =bGLU>=mv6:L D:D=Qn %B %6 ;; [G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ %n
d K :QGPK = Y L
e HK^ 6; O Gn
g v%Z nK: 6[; G
h G [GSI
i ZbHKPj
k
Frq RZ a-RnyuvA:;`L ` :H=MJ Y; Y6{n: GQ; K%J := HAHJ=YAYY^ ^ =cL&: =%: >m=Q:Q:=Q
FuF LX`S : J = Y BK6LQYQZ =^^U[ I%QJ nyuv/B Gt=b> [G B G> =Q< {Z J
Fr\ RRt^ J K ;tO =GL ; ZbH [ H G Z G
Fr_ GTH6 N J
F|d Z a-yLP:``;U HJ YcY6{ >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; SlQ%n lfPv/B =b> B >=%< f
Fre K%N H6G l G ; HKaZ; l%G{ K6Z H Z&K6Z H G H G Z G
Frg H K JH[
Fh RRn6=Q:=cL&= = v&n: ^^ ; =^ > ^ ^ p : a L&=c^ n6;t
Fri a;&:y `P[s(nAG `Pv/G B >^[ n[`Z G&H YQYG nM`oG n Z B Z v { GtK6Z ZbHK
Frk j [Z HJ H6G K
\uq
\F K a`Py %n B G
N6G L j v%n: G ; [G ycyv%n: G 6; [G {on B H ; [G {
\u\ Z K :K;& u`McU >%= 9 LU]Qv6] L K n B [Z >; yrun `tB|ns6;{ ^ ;
\u_ K%N H6G lU pG =Y HK6Z v%n: G ^QK6^ Z ; H a;%:S= Z&K6Z=Q:QH :=Q > ^ ; l%{
\d H Z&[MG G Z H H [6Z G&H Z H
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!)
i i
\ue j ff
\ug : : %n yL {
\h %G K%J HSHG K G j
\ui
cA6=<6 HD
k*vW 5%E V[ 5 7UVB 5 W 5 ]< >H:UeM. E <;iRWi 5 t+7US+T 5 Re78'V 5 R E *vV[;$iRW
e); 5 :8. 5 C D MLe378+78 E +
e%:8 5 R#RWi 5 t+7US+T 5 ; e+%S+T 5
$ 78.:GW<]:8'>V 5 R
RWi)e+%S>T 5 M''>CZ?dWW3 5EF5%E + EG5E V$)g$78 E8E T 50EG5 78(<Y%RM 5)5 L>78; 5 7FRe7G 5
]0M''>; 5 ;$>1 E +7(; 5 :8. 5 'e%:G>.7UC^ EGE .W}Vt E :8]3 He'>i1>7G +S+T 5 78>M.'_>;C m 5
:G' 5 ;}g$78 E8E T 5 ]#.e%:8+'78} E +W;$'W)>e E T 5 V:GR; 5 E :8 5 7G78: 5 C 4 E5 5 e%:G7U78 5 VyRW
+787 5 ]'e;$K+; 5 Ck= 5 7 5 78Wi#""C /
31+W 5EF5 W<]: 5 ; 5 YR :878:8<;$ E :8J:G' 5 ;$JeLC
F n JO Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j H:=Q;&:Q^S; [>G 9= yr: ;%H <=Q::Lb=bQ>v6=m;L [DGn DBuv@Q; { s
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ %n
d K GPK
e
g Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
h
i K `t%n G N6G L j v%n: G 6; [G yv/B G v%n:{
k
Frq Ra-Rt^ y Gt[6B Z > >G&H ^ ;sM}{ sQ6
FuF Z K :[;UZ } c >= LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ; Sl?Q= ; ^ =Q:lf
Fr\ K%N H6G vCG B|n;H^ KZ ; B G >K6=Q<Z H fmla;%Z&:AK6Z=%:H :=Q6^6l%{HS H KTJ GTJH
Fr_ ZUK6Z H Z G
F|d RRt^Qx t=L ;
Fre ZbHK GZ&K
Frg Z a-y K B K:;U u`AcU %>= 9Q{ LUv6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
Fh K%N lb H6GLQ;?>n6=G HKY Z %n G K6aZ;%: H =%:zZ&lK6ZfPH v/B|n;^ ; B >=Q< {
Fri H K6ZbO GAK G JH Z&K6Z H Z G
Frk : : %n yU% 9Cs6{
\uq G%K%J HSHG K G
\F
W< E W 5 :8. 5 ;01+78 >S>T 5 ;$>1 E >7 >H: 5 L7U 5 t+7US E .e7GK E 5 W 5zEG5 Wi E V
HMH H7D
W3RMH:8.M'K+S E5 R 5 W<78S E ;#1M 5 78 E C l eKK78+W 5%E 5 W E3E5 W< E E R$:878S E V
78+78 E +e%:8; E e RWe CB? E :8e0 5%EGE RL 5 W 5 M'9 5%E E ;$R E@E RL+g$7G EGEG E 5
5 t+7U; 5 7^ E +7(M''>; 5 #+MK E C m +Re; 5 i 5 e E :G78RS+T 5 +.:8it+M 5 eM' E ; 5 7 E .e%:U:GK 5 V
E :G 5 L>78; 5 7a 5 ;$ E +7;$ EG5 Wi 5 R; E R:G7US+T 5 C 4 L3 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 p
7UWii""C /" 1+78 +7 E 5%E :8. 5E ; E g$78 E8E E 505 L>78; 5 7F 5 W0'eW;$:8+78W<.e7
; ;
5 :G' 5 ;$7G+: 5 7Ge 5 Ck\1>7G +S+T 5 +.:8<]L E :8e%:8 E 'W)M. E C m T 5 +M'+RMK; 5%E65%E :G' 5%E ; E
E RL+g$7G EGEG E `]`78>RL>78; 5J5(5 L>78; 5 7kY%R` 5 ;$ E +7 5 R 5 e E :8e%:8 E ;$+p
eK; E e 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E .e%:U:GK 5 Ck?dW E +R';V 1+78 +p E E M'RWi<; E`E Rtg$78 E8EG E
5E8E R;$.W<>e E T 5 W< 5 7^Y%R_+>7 5 V 5 Y%R]RW+787 5 Cd\7G:G'7^;<M'.e9#$" E T 5 5 e:U; 5%E
Y%Re%: 5E ; 5%E`5 t+7Ue; 5E`E T 5 ; 5 :G' 5 .e%:8+'7 5 bY%Re: 5E`E T 5 ; 5 :8. 5#E :G78.eLC6\17GKI1>M
]iR E ;z78} 5 e%:87 5%E .e%:G>.7 5E # VL7Uz 5 e%:87 5E ; 5 :G' 5E :87G'eC# EGE 'WV 5 e]
1M''; 5<E
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA ' X
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* oq
u}:G>W 5%E EG5 Wi 5 R E R:G7US+T 5 ;$i; 5 E 'e%:G+'7 5E Vy 5 78 E RMH:U; 5 ]
iRW
== 2, j == 0
'e:8+'7 5 m
u:G>W 5%E RW E :G78.e E5 W<; 5 5 R E R$:878 ; 5 ;$#RW'e:8+'7 5 5 R
i == 1,E j == 1
5
1 K+pX1+7 % Cd t+7US>T 5<E <]1M'K; E 5<5 L>78; 5 7F 5 7 ;$ E5 WiV$78+78 E +e%:8e; 5
5 e>:8+eS+T 5 ; 5E :G78.eJ 5 W(78+78 E +e%:8S+T 5 :G+g%:8RML; 5 =H
e W)>7 5 5 W 5 +W I1C
78 E RMH:U; 5 ]RW E :87G'em
u:G>W 5%E ; 5 E E :G78.e E C m z]01M.K;z 5 e+:G+eLS+T 5 EG5 Wi^+e%:G78
i>M.== 0, j == 2
E C6\7G E RMH:U; 5 ]JRW E :G78'eC
e 5%EGEG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7(eLT 5 >H:U 5 R$:G7U E(5 L>78S E ;$ EG5 Wi% E R:G7US+T 5 C fZ5 7J+g >W)p
M 5 V%eT 5 >H:UV 5 W 5 +W%I1IV EG5 Wib;RW 5 $v*: 5 ;$ Y%RM'Y%R>7d:8. 5 5 WRW E :87G'eLV
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA Q X 'Qs
i i
M''e9#">Z;$R E@E RL+g$7G EGEG E 'e%:G>.7U E 5 ;$>W E >76 5 W<7U; E ;$ Y%RM'Y%R>7d 5 7GWi
5 t+7U; 5 7UC :G' 5
{Y%RMKY%R+7 7G+: 5 7Ge; 5#E +7U E >W<7G3.e%:G>.7 5 VtRWi#1+_3Y%R
eLT 5 5%EGE R 5 :8. 5 5 5 M.Ne 5 m X ++
M''e9<"> E[E Rtg$78 E8E E ;$+1+W\:8+7d E W< E Wi E ;.W<+e E E C l EGEG5 5 78Y%R 5 v*: 5%E
#7G7UI E E 5 ;+W JE R.RMK;;$ 5 t+7U; 5 7 y 5 R
E +7b 5 W<78; 5E Y%Re%: 5
; E .RMK;; 5 t+7U; 5 7 V 5 7 E8E5 V 5 $v*+: 5%E 5 W ;.W<+e E E ;$. +78+e%:8 EE T 5
5 1%KW<>e:8;$H >7G>e%:G E V 5 7G:8e%: 5 V eT 5 ;$>1>W E >7^ 5 W)L7U; 5%E m
M''e9i/[7G7UI EdE ) 5 ;+W E +7` 5 W)L7U; 5%E Y%Re%: 5)J E R3.RMK;;$ J ; E .RM.p
;;$V 5 R$:87 5%Ea5 t+7U; 5 7G E +7UW RW+787 5 m
S&;:B C
A
M''e9/
; 5 E#5 $v*: 5E 5 ;$+W E +7 5 W<7U; 5EiE 5 78+W ;,W< E WiMK E8E 5 R
RW 5 7 E RPMK E8E b; 5<5 R$:87 5 CF W<]: 5 ; 5 78: 5 78e)1>78;;$+'7 5 :UW3t]+W
Y%Re; 5#5%E ; 5 E :8. 5E(E T 5 .R E V 5 R E *vV E J:G'1>7GW 5E ; 5 E^E :G78.e E^E +e; 5 5 W<p
7U; 5E VL>M. E(E +7UT 5 1+78 +; 5E Y%R{C f 7U#>M. E EG5 W<>e:80 5 W<7US>T 5 ;$)'RM';;$
5 R;$ E .RMK;;$ 5 ;$ E +7a +.:8 m
M''e9/o$a E :8 nHM.:G'W 5 + E5 1+78 + E 0 5 W<78S+T 5 ]3+e%:87G0RW 5 $v*+: 5 5 :G' 5
^ aMa Y%RF7G>78 E +e%:8 ( 5 e E :8e%:G [=chXhC=^ EGE a+ EG5 :8W0L]>W EG5 W<+e%:GF'RM';;$
b; E .RMK;; 5 ;$+W E >7^ 5 W<78; E C
F n J O Y Z L K %n G %n G N6G L j G YQ= K6Z ; H:=;U9Y&:^t;%; <[ :G =b>y>= =mG YQD= DK6LbBuZ@ ;v6 H L =Y&n 6; [; G v{
\ K%N G HK6Z G K6Z H
_ %n D
d K GP;bnK RKRS ;bn :=! ;
e ZbHK G
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
i ;UnA`tv/B|n6;^ ; B
k Z&K6Z H jZ?H[
Frq K D`t%n G N6G L j v%n: G 6; [G yuv/B G v&n:DQ{
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!)%q "
i i
Ou
Z^ +([6 wvvyx) 7 X
B @ 0[+Z x0y`@[* o
Fr_
F|d Z a-y : K DB K: A``M b%n%Qy9U% 9K/ 3B K Ms{` `SU&9z{
Fre GQK%J HSH6G K G
Frg RRt^ G = [Z > G&H ^ ;t [6Z a G : G&HKG
Fh
Fri Z a-y K :D;UB [6Z > cu` K> = B [6Z >LU{ v6L n ; yuv/B|n6;^ ;
Frk K%N H6G lG= HKZ; LQ;?>G nK6=Q:Z H ; L Z&^XK6Z H aa :
\uq HSH K G O%G K Z&K%NM[6Z G GUHKM[6Z > G&H ^ Z ; H ^6l%{
\F RRt^ Gt[6Z > G&H ^ ; } s3^%xXn; [G LQ;?>n6=%:=Q: Z < J =Y [ = [G
\u\
\u_ Z a-y K;UnDB [6`SZ > YQ=} <s ; M^ ;bn u`SY%= <; ^ = ^Br!
= HK ^Br" H { H K HK
\d H H K
\ue K%N :;U H6G cvC G B|>n=;H^ KZ LU; v6L B G >n K6=Q<Z ; H fmyuv/lB|n6;a^;%Z&:AK6Z=%;:H :=QS6^6l?Ql%={HS H ; KTJ ^ G lf
\ug ZUK6Z H Z G
\h RRt^ Gt[ ; Z ^S^ ;t; OQGQK ;^ [ ;> G ^>; K6Z n;(n; [G LQ;?>n6=Q:=Q: Z < J =Y [ = [G
\ui RR Z ^^Q; Z?H LQY JZX[ ; Z ^S^ K : ZbH <^
\uk
_uq Z a-ySyy;UnMZ ^Q`J`SO YQYQ= =<^^y K; ^ B K = K ^DBBrK! { ]];UZ nc^Q J`O`tYQYQ== ^<^y K;DB K^ C= K ^B K B|" 6{{mm{ {
_F : GQK%J : HSH6G H K %n G H yUKH%K9/3s{]] H H K HK
_u\
_u_ RRt^ GTJ >
S; O%GQK ; G ; JK :; HQJ YY(n6; [G LQ;>n6=Q:=%: Z < J =Y [ = [G
_d
_ue Z a-ySytyy K DBB K ZbH ^^ K == H LL G ;%;%aSaS HK ::YQYQ==^^n^n^ KDBB K MM`Q`Q`T`TQQQQ66%% 9Q9Q{{M{ ]]
_ug y;UncK `K`AY%=ZbHH <KH; H G^ K = HK H^K BrQ" ]Q] ;UnM`QK`AYQK= H <Q; H ^ K = HK ^Br" 6{c{
_h : GQK%J : HSH6G K %n G yU% 9/3s{
_ui
_uk
dq K%N :;& H6G c G >= HK6Z LUv6L G n KZ ; H vCyuvCB|nB|n;;^ ^ ZUK6Z; ; H B t>=QlU< H p{= Y Z&[AK %n G ^Pa;%:zlf
dF ZUK6Z H Z G
d\
11.5 Arquivos-fonte do compilador
;.78:878 5 9M0% 5 7UW;$'+ 5 e; 5E}5E 78Y%R'1 5%E 79!$% 8
0 Qc
!#: 2
9 8
VtYRJ 5 e%:I>W}V$7G E t>:G'1IW<+e%:GV <+M' EGE <ND D o;$ E +7G.:80e E :G> :GRM 5
= 5
= 5 ;$'7G+:G7G 5
!19L V'eM'R W 5E[5 78Y%R'1 5 c*
.6
.)
!"XG.
4 8#Y%RF 5E p
E R`M'Re E +787 5E)E >W<e%:GK 5E Vd;$+:G>:8I1+ E e E :U E ;eM. E C 465 e$ 5 7GW<zW 5%E :878-
g$NRS>T 5 E +R'7>V 5%E +787 5%E 'e%:G7 5 ;R_+K; 5E 5 78W}
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)%q
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"
!)%q/
i i
Captulo 12
Gerao de Cdigo
j[.eLM'W)>e%:G3U9>W 5%EVJ E 3;$>78S+T 5 ;$0$;$' 5 C l 7G>W 5E R$:8.M''_>7 Y%RBRWi# 5 78;p
>W E :8e:8 E .W<M' E VPWi E YR0;78# 5 M'+.: 5 7(RWiz 5 #e 5 S+T 5 ;$) 5 W 5 #>78S+T 5 ;$
$;$' 5 ]^ +.:8V$M']+W ; E :8 E S>T 5 ;$ 5 ;$>761+7 E >R E 7 5 7UWi E ++ V% 5 W<'M'; 5E 5 W
E +R7G78 5
X
5 W).MK; 5 7>V 78>M.W<+e%:8(+g$>R:8eL; 5 C
++ C
X
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)%qI
i i
5%E :G' 5%E ;$b;; 5E :878:8; 5E L>M'i s m
5 5 ev*Re: 5 ;$'e E :87GRLS E b 5 W 5 ] 5 5 W< 5 7G:8W)>e%: 5 ;<(s 5 g$NR$:U7^+;
RW<i;+MK E m
5 5 7GWi: 5 ;$RW78Y%R'1 5 g$>+R$:8I1+MdRW78Y%R'1 5 C +M' EGE F;i(s m
5 W 5 Re+ 5 e 5 7 5 EGEG5 ;$b+7G78+%W<+e%: 5 V'eKKM'._NS+T 5 JM'.e>;'S>T 5 ;$MK E8E E
eLi(s,C
E +R#:G' 5 V Y%R 5 ;$ E >7@RW :G' 5 E K 5 V E R 5 7G:8; 5 L>M'0(s,V% 5 W 5 c))= VLXV
XV VVV 5 R&RW<}+M' EGE )Y%R) 5 ; E +77878KMK E8E 0;$ eK;e 5
78Y%R'1 5)5 R+WM'RW 5 R$:87 5 7UY%R'1 5 &m ;bMK E8E
E R E 7 5 78.N;;$ E V$ 5 W 5 9
GV79)
) V79 VOV
XGJ:UC
4 ;zW<]: 5 ; 5 < 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7NVyM']+W ; 5 :G' 5 <;#7 5 7G'>;;$VPeN EGE H:UW;$ 5 R$:878 E
'e$ 5 78WiS E L7U E +78+W 5 W<M':UW<+e%:GJ E t>+ >; 5%E CZ?de%:87G>M' E V :8+W 5E
5%E :G' 5%E ;$b>;07UW<+:G7 5 E t+7U; 5 t+M 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5<5 R} 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7 'm
5 XH
e W<>7 5 ;$178'I1+ E M 5 + E Y%R 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 R:G'M.'_>m
iMH:8R7U3Wig$'Wi)Y%Rb)'M'9<;$g$>+RS+T 5 1>7^;$Ke%:GIF:G'e m
E .e E :87GRS E VYRb;$ E 78+1+W 5 5 W) 5 7G:8W<+e%: 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 m
RW<):Ut+MK<;$ E 78+1+e; 5 5 W 5<E T 5 :G7U:U; E E g+>S E ;$+e%:G7 5 ;$ E :GW<]: 5 ; 5 m
RW<`:8t+MK^Y%Rd78+MK+ 5 e`+;a'e E :87GRLS+T 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5 WRWi`M'.e9`e 5 7 5 7UWip
5 e%:G m
RW<3:8L>M'0Y%R78+MK+ 5 eb+;178KI1+MLM 5 >MR:G'M.'_>;bt+M 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 5 W 5 e 5 W<
;RWi<1I7GKI1>MLM 5 +Mye 5 7 5 7UWipX 5 e%:8C
=^>W : 5 ; 5%E E8E E ;; 5%E E T 5 E8E >eK E e};$ E 78'S>T 5 ; 5E W<]: 5 ; 5E(5 R 5 e E :87GR: 5 78 E C
fZ5 7[g$+W<M 5 V^:8t+MK(YR@78+MK 5 eL^ E 178'I1+ E M 5 > E 5 W e 5 W< E e 5 7 5 7UWip{ 5 e:8k]
H$:8.MP78;$>R7US>T 5 VWi EFE R3R E +e+'beT 5I 'W<LN;$J3 5 7G78:UJg$>+RS+T 5 ;$(RWW)]+: 5 ; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)%qo
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab /
2 ReL; 5 78>++t 5 5 e%:87 5 M.F;$6+g$>RLS+T 5 V 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 5E8E R ;R E 78> E 78 E +781I; E 7U
E {RWi7GN 5 e;$ E T 5 78Wi_+>e; EJE RL E 178'I1+ E M 5 + E iRW<7GNR:G'M.'_>;}7U
g$NR$:U7 5 t+7US E CZ78.W<+'7U3]JRW1: 5 7`Y%R E .e E :87GRS E +e;+78>S+W;$'7G+:8W<>e:8
R$:8.M'._Ne; 5 V$783 E8E5 V 50 e;$K;$>;0+M'+W<+e%: 5 ; 5 1: 5 7NCO2e E8E (1: 5 7`Y%R E T 5 :8W)p
t]+W78W<_+>e; 5%E(5E 78RW)>e%: 5E L E8E ; 5E 78 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Cz= 5 + E5 ;$#W<]+: 5 ; 5E ;$
MK E8E # E :8:GK 5%E V 5E 78RW<>e: 5Ea5 RW E 7G'W<+'78 E 5E 'S E ;$ EGE b1+: 5 7>C`= 5 + EG5
;$)RW W<]: 5 ; 5 ;)'e E :8eK-eT 5 E :8:GK 5 Vy 5E KS+T 5 _+>7 5 ] 5 +R;t+MK78 >7 >eK I
535 $v*+: 5 pwM'1 5 ;0U9Wi;J 5%E 78RW)>e%: 5E@E T 5 78Wi_+>e; 5E 7:8.7F;b 5E KS+T 5 RWC
^W1IM 5 7F7GWi_++eL; 5 e 5 1+: 5 7F;$J178KI1+ E M 5 + E 5 ;$ : 5 Wi7FRW 5 R; 5 E E S 5E ; 5
1+: 5 7>V$;$>L>e;$+eL; 5 ; 5iE >R:8. 5 CdW>M.>W)>e%: 5 ; 5 :G' 5 'e%:G+'7 505 RzRWi<78 >7 >eK00RW I
5 v*: 5 : 5 Wi<RW HeK 5 E S 5 C D ' 5%E 5 W 5 M 5 e 5 R; 5 RM.b: 5 WiW; 5 E E LS 5%E V$Wi E
E T 5E >W<7Gi>e;$>7GNS+; 5E t+MK E 'e E :G78RS E R$:G'M.'_>e; 55 XH
e W<>7 5 ; 5 7G'W<+'7 5 +M'+W<>e: 5
Y%R 5 +RWe 5 1: 5 7>C= E :G<+ EG5 VPRWiz.e E :87GRS>T 5 YR) E8E 0;$'7G+:8W)>e%:G 5}E +Re; 5
+M'+W<>e: 5 ]#'M.>MXCz R7U"NC."<W 5E :G7U} 5 e R78S+T 5 .e'+'M6; 5 1: 5 7b;$#178KI1+ E
M 5 > E ;$0RWW<]+: 5 ; 5 ;$)MK E8E 3RW;$b'e E :Ue+'C` E 5E KS E .eKKM'W<+e%:G3eT 5i5 Rp
; E ; 5 1: 5 7 E T 5 R:G'M.'_>; E L7U(7GWi_++eL7d E 1I7GKI1> E M 5 + E `1M 5 7G E :G>W) 5 7U78 5E
; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C
0 }x 0 }this
1
k
1 }x
2 2
k
3 3
n n
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
,
!)%q
i i
1M 5 7^ 5 787G E 5 e;+e%:G JiE5 Wi);Y%R+M' E 1M 5 7G E ]V>e:UT 5 V+W<'M.9L; 5 C@= 5< eLMXViM.:GR7U
;.M'9 >RWiRe';;$#'e$ >7G 5 7 J Y%R+MKY%Ri:8.e9L&e%:8 E ;g$>+RS+T 5 ; 5 G & C
R78z"NC 0W 5E :G7U0 E :8 E .:GRLS+T 5 C
10 18
IADD
0 0
E8E 'W}VPW3R.:8 E ; E 'e E :G78RS E ;# s:8RW E5 783#'M'9V 5 e; E T 5 +g NR$:U; E
E5 t+7US E C R$:878 E 'e E :87GRLS E E >7G1+WL7U#78Wi_+>e7 5 R7GNRt+7U7 5E 1M 5 7G E Y%R
E :8T 5 e E 17GKI1> E M 5 > E Cz E8E 'W}V 5 7b+g >W<M 5 V78 EG5 Wi7b; 5 E 1M 5 78 E M 5 e 5%E Y%R
E :8T 5 XH
78Wi_+>e; 5E e E 1I7GKI1> E M 5 + E e W<>7 5%E /^^ 5 M 5 >7 5 78 E RM.:8; 5 eL178'I1+M
XH
e W<+7 5 "&;$+1p E }78'W)>.7 5 +W<'M.9L7 5%E 1M 5 78 E 78Wi_>+e; 5E e 5 1: 5 7;$178KI1+ E
M 5 > E 78V+e%:8T 5 V_+>7@ EG5 WiJ;$> 5 E :G7Ue E 5 7G:87 5 78 E RM.:8; 5 ;$^1 5 M.:8J78 5 1: 5 7
;$178KI1+ E M 5 + E Ck E 'e E :G78RS E 5 787G E 5 eL;$+e%:G E 7U3 E8E5iE +78'W
fZ5 ;+W 5E +M' EGE +7) E q&'e E :G78RS E 5 787G>e%:G+W<>e:8; eK; E 7U-, se E
E +R.e%:G E +:G+ 5 78' E
Wie.RM'S+T 5 ;0.M'9< 5 W9:X6$$VX99z 9P@).e E :87GRS E m
5
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!)%qq
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab o
>W<.M'9W)>e%: 5 ;$J1M 5 78 E ;$b7G7UI E 5 W GL V|&L 6).e E :87GRS E m
5
7GWi_++eLW<+e%: 5 ;$J1M 5 78 E >W7878I E 5 W 5 G V&
+ @).e E :87GRS E m
Wie.RM'S+T 5 ;(17GKI1> E 5 W 5 9:7 L Vc=
L ki'e E :G78RS E m
1+78 +S>T 5 ;$J:G' 5%E 5 W 5 $%XVB : U@).e E :87GRS E m
5 L>78S E 7G.:GW<]:8'> E 5 W 5 G V: @<'e E :G78RS E m
5 L>78S E M''> E 5 W 5 $XHV48X `"I3'e E :G78RS E m
5 e 1>7 EG E 5 W 5 V ^"No0'e E :G78RS E m
:878e E +7I+e+');$b 5 e%:G7 5 M'( 5 W 5
+V= V"8 @"J.e E :G78RS E m
5 W<78S E 5 W 5 L
!1t 9 V@ &!19H 6o0.e E :G78RS E m
; E 1% 5 :G' 5 ck $B60'e E :87GRLS E m
78: 5 78e 5 ;$W<]: 5 ; 5 5 W 5 7
Vy7
k).e E :87GRS E m
+g>S E V$7 ck"('e E :G78RS+T 5 m
5 e%:G7 5 M';$JW 5 e.: 5 7G E !"
V!#L )8 X @0.e E :87GRS E m
U9LWi; E ;$W<]: 5 ; 5%E 5 W 5 c
>
H V & X G+d<.e E :G78RS E m
78 E +781; 5%E VM
9 X VB!19 &)9M0 V[!N9 9 6/).e E :87GRS E m
5 L>78S E GY%R'U 5 W 5 L $ G%V c $ G%@/).e E :87GRS E m
5 R$:G7U E :VckG + V@
L
=$$ V:t9 ki'e E :G78RS E C
? E :G]zt+eL E RW ; 5E W3R.: 5%E ;$+:8M.9 E Y%R_+>W 5 W Y%R 5 e E :87GRLS+T 5 ;RW
7UY%R'1 5 ;$i+M' EGE E *vVye 5 W e.W 5 Vy:G7UM.9 5EG5 C f 7Ui+.M'.:87( E :G0:G7ULM'9 5 C+g E :G+W
M'Re E 7 5 7UWi E i'M' 5 :GN+ E Y%R 5 +78>++W RWi}'e%:G+7G+<W< E 7U;I1+M[7Uz:8M
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)%q
i i
:87G+CO 5 > EG5 ; 5 E W<'e{I1, EGE +W0M.>7 l e%:G+7G+NC fZ5 7#W<+ 5 ;$>M.VF 5 ;$+W 5%E
:G7Ue E 5 7GWi7JRW7UY%R'1 5 :Gg : 5 VZYR#;$ E 78+1<+M' EGE E R E 1I7GKI1> E VyW<]: 5 ; 5E +:8C V
+WRW78Y%R'1 5 ;$MK E8E Ck R E vV :878:8p E ;$RW1+7U;;$+'7 5 W 5 e%:8; 5 7F7U)) sC
fZ5 7`+g >W<M 5 V).e E :G78RS>T 5 .:8;)< 5 RL 5iE >7GK);$ E 78H:U<; E >R'e%:G( 5 78Wi
f 7U^;$ E 78+1+7 5%E 5 W< 5 e+e%:G E ;MK E8E V 5 E W<'eb;$ edRW\ 5 ev*Re%: 5 ;$@;$'7G+:G'1 E C
^Wi-; E YRR E 78+W 5E e>78S+T 5 ;$z+ ;. 5 7U
X ++
]&;$'7G+:G'1 Zi\7d`_V[Y%R
E t> >^Y%RM 5 e 5 W)F; 5 78Y%R'1 5 p{ 5 e%:GdY%R 5 7G''e 5 R 5 7UYR.1 5 ;$F+M' EGE C`:G'M'._N78+W 5E V
'e;V% E ;.78:8.1 E Z`&h=^iXi(ZiXT_&dPC 78.W<+'7U3;$'_(Y%RML] 5 e 5 W<(;3MK E8E Y%R E :U
;$ E +7G.:8e 5 7UY%R'1 5 # E +Re;V 5 e 5 W<#; E R E RL>78+M' EGE Ci^W7UY%R'1 5 : ' 5 ; 5
% E W)'e.eKKp E ( 5 W E`E >R'e%:G E ;.78:8.1 E
8
"=uN 8
{VRWia1+_dY%Rk>W%I1J ke` s&P: 5 ;`MK E8E d;$+78.1a;$8
LXuNW8
XV
+
;$'7G+:8 5 R'e;$'7G+:8W<>e:8Ck= 5%E ;$'1+7 EG5E g$+W<M 5E e:8+78 5 7G E R:G'M.'_>W 5%Ea5 m (780Wi7Gp
+7 5 'e 5 ;$bRW 5 W<+e%:87G 5 CF? E8E #]3 E .e%:8g$R E ;<t+M 5 E W<'eBC D RL; 5 Y%R E +R
5 m J:G] 5< eMB;)M.'e9<] 5 e E ';+7U; 5 5 W)>e%:878 5 C
TX=gchb=`b[XSf b_7h&a
iS7^&S:b=`T7db]^&S_7_`S\&df _`S7\&d
+W E W<'e E +78KW;$ eK; E 5 W 5
Z3b_7h&aTXXghb=`f b_7h&a
Z3b_7h&aT7d:b]^&S_iS7^&S:b=`f _`S\d a X^&]7^eZ)7S:bhOZ9_`S7\&d
E W<]: 5 ; 5%E^E T 5 ;$ e'; 5%E 5 7`W<+ 5 ;$;$R E ;.78:8.1 E V$e) 5 7GWi
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q-
!)%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %q
?de%:G78 E ;R E ;$'7G+:G'1I E<E T 5 5 M 5 +; E E .e E :87GRS E YR 5 7GWiW 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 C=
;$'7G+:G'1ZGf:_&S=Q\=a(;$+1+W E +7k E t>+ >; E E 7 5 78.N;; E ; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 V 5 W 5 iS^S:b=` 5 R
TXXghb=`$VJ E R3 EGE .eL:GR78;$'_+>e; 5 YRLMt] 5 e 5 W<V Y%R EFE T 5b5E 7UW<+:G7 5E E t+7U; 5%E
Y%RMB] 5iE +R:G' 5 ;(78: 5 78e 5 C fZ5 7a+g >W<M 5 V 5 ;+7 W 5%E :G+7
12.3 Implementao
.W<M'+W<+e%:US+T 5 ; 5 +7U; 5 73;$$;$' 5 ]zWi E RWi&1+_ E >;eL&1 E .:8- 5E e E
;z781 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+C E8E .W}VB;>MK7US>T 5 5 'e + 5 ;+M' EGE E T 5zE >W)>M.9Le%:G E 5 Y%R
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA X Qs
i i
o HQMD HXDQ
1 .W 5%E e 5%E > :GRM 5E e%:8+78 5 7G E E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5E e 5 7 5 78W<<"I$C'"C?dW3 5 7US+7:8
;$)RW 5 :G0;H >7G>e:8bu uPVBz+M' EGE ]0RW< E Rt+M' EGE 0; 5 eM' E ; 5 7
E +Wie%:GK 5 V RWi01+_Y%R E 'e$ 5 78WiS E 5 W<R:8; E ;$R7Ue%:GJ<eM. E E +Wie%:8'>V$+W
7:8'+RM'76b:8t+MKb;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E V E T 5 R$:8.M'._N; E e3>78S+T 5 ; $;$' 5 C l e'+'M.W<+e%:8 E T 5
;$NMK7U; E ;$'1+7 E E 17GKI1> E VL+Rv 5E R EG5E(E >78T 5 g$M''>; 5%E ;$R78e:83 E :8)> :GRM 5 C(?dW
E +R';V 5 W 5 v E :8W 5%E 9H:8R; 5%E V]` +.:83U9Wi; J eM' E E +Wie%:8'> L E8E e; 5
5 W 5 7GRW<+e%: 5 )78._J;i7G1 5 78 E .e%:8:GK+C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA cX D
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab
_d Q ; J :6L G O ^t`ta Z Y G&H =b> G RRP< J =Q: [ = K =b> O ?>z;SL%=b> ZbHN ;MLQ;>nY GQK ;
_ue
; [G UG H YQ=^Q^U G LQYU Z ^ K ; [G yuv{oRRAL N =b>=t< G :=! ;Tn6=Q:=S=P:= Z V
_ug
465 W 5 E :Ga:UW0L]>W]`RW+ :GRM 5 M 5 e 55 W<H:8.78+W 5EZ5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E Y%R E T 5 78+t:GKS E
HDXD C
AD o C HD
;$ 5 R$:G7 5E 1% E : 5E e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:GV Y%R E 'W)M. E W<+e%:8^.e 1 5 >W J+7US>T 5 ;$+$;$. 5 7U
5E M'9 5E C f E8E W 5E VP EGE 'WVy 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 YR3:878:8;)RWe
;$b;$NMK7US>T 5 ;(RW<i+M' EGE C[? E8E W<]+: 5 ; 5 ]W 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi"N$C$C
Q? e X?=D
5 t+7US E +.:8 E e E :8#e]+7GKS>T 5 ;$#RW7UY%R.1 5}5 e;$ E +7U7UI1; 55 7 5 7UWi
I
2
5 v*: 5 e 5 5 78Wi: 5 ; 5 % E W<.eBC[78 >7 >eK` 5^5 $v*: 5 YR@78+78 E +e%:8F EGE
7UY%R'1 5 ]<78W<_+>e;<eL#178'I1+M N C Re; 5 RWi+M' EGE 0e.e9;#1I E +7 :G7U:U;V
E8E #178'I1+Mv E :U) 5 R;I0 5 W RW 5 $v*: 5 Y%R)] 5 78Y%R'1 5#5 $v*: 5 ; E Rz+M' EGE
Wi E +g%:8+78eC fZ5 76 E8E5 V 5 1IM 5 76;$= N :G>W YR E >7 E M'1 5 >W N C H V7UY%RRW 5 R$:G7 5
I
7UY%R'1 5 5E8E E +7k78'; 5 E R 7G+ +7 +e+' 78W<_+>e;+W N C(Y%R>M.F 5 e%: 5 +W;'e:8
eL E R7G1 5 78 EG5 5 e;}MK E8E <e'e9;Vy: 5 ; 5}5 $;$' 5}E +7U78I1; 5 e E :8)e 5 1 5
7UY%R'1 5 CZ 5 :G+78W<.eL7^)eM. E J;$ EGE <MK E8E (]Je>+ E8E 7G 5 78 E :8R787 5 1M 5 7`;$ N 7U
Y%R 5 7G E :Ue%:GJ; 5 $;$' 5 ;<+M' EGE Jg :G>7Ge0 5E8E E +7`7 5 ;$R_+K; 5 e 5 78Y%R'1 5 5 7G78: 5 C
^t EFE M.17@ E 17GKI1> E eN EGE 78' E V]78>RL>78;J+e%:G7U;JeJ:8L>M'3;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E
J
o
5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:G +M' EGE E +e; 5 ;$>+M'78;C^(M']07GNRt+7U;ii+e%:G7U;#; E R E Rt+7Gp
MK E8E Cd? E8E E ;$RL E >e:878; E`E T 5 7GWi_>+e; E >W & V78 E LN :G'1W<+e%:8C67G:G'7
;$ EGE E ;$RL E >e:878; E`E T 5 >MKRMK; 5Ea5E e 5 W< E G 5 W<M.+: 5%E ;$ E8E E ;$R E MK E8E E Cd? E8E E
e 5 W) E V E +R'e; 5<5 ;$7UT 5 ; 5 :8; 5 e<(s,V E T 5 5 78W<; 5E ; E +R'e:8JW<e+'7U
7 h=^iXi m
E &+M' EGE zeLT 5 ]}RWiMK E8E e'e9;V E >Re 5 W)} 5 W<M.+: 5 5 .e+'; 5 W E +R
e 5 W<b;$>+M'78; 5 C fZ5 7`+g >W<M 5 V
h=^iXi h&^i=i
E 0MK E8E ](e.e9; E >R#e 5 W<( 5 W<M': 5 ] 5 e 5 W)(;3+M' EGE 5 e;$>M' 5 y;$>+M'p
7U;aW< E RWQ UV>W< EB5^E >R(e 5 W<d;$>+M'78; 5 C fZ5 7Bg$+W<M 5 V C
AcA=C'A1 BcD o ?
m i}MK E8E E +e; 5 ;$NMK7U;eT 5 5E8E RkRW< E Rt+7UMK E8E } +g M.K.:8W)>e%:Gi;$>+M'78;V
E8E RW<p E @Y%R E RL E RL>78+M' EGE @] Ct 5 78Y%R'1 5 +7GK; 5 7U^+7US>T 5
l h=^iXi h&^iXi
;$+$;$. 5 ];; 5b5 e 5 W< Y%R^](b 5 e+:G>eS>T 5 ; 5 e 5 W<; 5 78Y%R'1 5 p{ 5 e%:G` 5 W 5 e 5 W<
5 W<M.+: 5 ;}MK E8E )<Wi EJ5E R g 5 8
C fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 VMK E8E
;$NMK7U;-e 5 7UY%R'1 5 5 e%:G!lO8.7U7 5 ;R_+'7#RW 7UY%R.1 5-5 $v*: 5 U9Wi; 5 !.
O8MLb|L pb|L 8
C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [:G;&6 G&^PH YQ=^;^U G L%Y&v6L ; n[9G :;%y; <YQ:==?^Q>^U= G D LQ YUB 6 ; [G v{
\ K%N G&H [G G K6Z H
_ %U> = Y >n ;Y `t : = Y RQRS^%=Y&p= = YQ=MLQ;%:Q:
d ;;KY O= GSK>G n^ N =Q: [ ` J=^%K O=Q: G RQRS^%=Y&p=SKp=QO6: G p Y =G&^QH KG=Q:
eO :QG HcYQ=K^Q^cG LXK` K YY N K K Z& G N K K
g HK :QYQ=^Q^ L HJ^&` YY
h HK H H HJ
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q
!)
i i
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~:} X
~ X
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %q "
^Wi1+_#>MKRMK; 5%E5E e 5 W< E ;+M' EGE i; E R E Rt+7UMK E8E i78'; 55 78Y%R'1 5
5 v*: 5 Vy]078I1; 55 +LNS+M'9 5 e 5 5 78W<: 5 E W<'eBVB 5 W 5 ;$ E +7G.: 5 e 5 .e 5 ;$ E :Gi+p
:GRM 5 CJ^M']+W;$0RW 5 W<+e%:87G 5 .eL;$'>e; 5 Y%R 5 7UY%R.1 5 5 [>78; 5 L>M 5 5 W).MK; 5 7
Z`&h=^iXi$V#ZiXT_&dZi\7d`_C2`:8.M'._NW
C? HD
++ V
E T 5 .e E +78K; E E ;.78:8.1 E 5E<5 W<]: 5 ; 5
N
X VY%RJ1+78+W 5%E Wi E ;$Ke%:GVL7Ub'e E >7G'7a$;$' 5 e 5 78Y%R'1 5b5 $v*: 5 C@ Y%R(+M'
_)]) E '>W<+e%:8:G7Ue E 78+1+7 5zE :G78.ez E8E ; 5 5 W 5 78RW<+e%: 5 +WRWize 5 1#M'.e9
e 5 7UY%R'1 5 C
A=;:?A:?
=zM.'e9o$"b]0 +.:8zU9Wi;#;#>78S+T 5 ;$0+ ;. 5 78 5 5 7G 5 ;zMK E8E C?dW
E +R';]} >H:URWi1+78 +S+T 5E5 78 5 1M 5 7#;1I7GKI1>M C? EGE 178'I1+M
'e;$K+ E )e 5 5 7G 5 ;+M' EGE 0 5 d;$NMK7U; 5z5 W<]: 5 ; 5 b'[7SiS^&dXS ' C 4 EG5 :G+e9 E K; 5
;$NMK7U; 5 V E :G E >78 5 5 e: 5 ;$z+e%:G7U;}L7UMK E8E V 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 t+M 5 Y%RM6+M' EGE
5 ; E +7<g$NR$:U;C,?kg$ E :GVd 5 7G]>W}VdRW 7 5 M.>W< 5 W 5 'e;$K+7<78-- sY%R
F n : Z p= KG p; ZU[ L&: G = KG% = Z?H yE{ 9:;%<:=?>=D Bu@
\ :QYQ=^Q^Spt`-y :YQ=^^{P : = Y BY p Y n
_ HK HK J K O G G G J
d n ; yE{
e n JK ; [G y?l :Sn; a;%: U l%{
g n JK ; [G y?lB > HK ; ^ ZbH= K LXn K&N6Y G L>= y| =Qp=RY%= <R : <E{?l%{
h JK [G G%K%N [ K K6Z JO Z Z?H H K ZbH
i nn JK ;; [G y?y?llBBYY Z >> Z&K Y^ ;=L&=L Y^
DDl%{l%{
k JK [G Z Z&K K j
Frq nn JK ;; [G y?y?ll ZbHa p; j6G ^ K = K6Z LcYQ= H <l%Q{: K R& JQHK6Z > G R ZbHZ&KZ =Y Z V G yE{%l&{
FuF n JK ; [G y?l Z HpG; ^ = LG&lH[fPpCBLQ;?>n6Y =b> yE{tflbR^ =Q: yE{%l%{
Fr\ n JK ; [G y?lnZbH;Unl%j6{G K K6Z GQKG G K K
Fr_ n JK = [G Yy?l l%{
F|d n JK ; O6G y?l G&Hp[; ^ = LcYQ= <Q: R& > R%a Y VCy{?l%{
Fre n JK ; [G y?l:ZbH j6: G l%K{ K6Z H K JQHK6Z G ZbHZ Z
Frg n JK ; [G y?lB GQK&J H> ; l%{
Fh JK [G G&H[ GQK%N [
Fri
\W<]+: 5 ; 5 #>MA
>78; 5 :G+W 5iE >R'e%:G( 5 78Wi: 5
[7SXd T\b[7S7\&dS=Q_ =
Z%f:_&S=Q\&aiS^&S:b&`TXXgchb&`f:^cb[ a X^&]7^7WXh=^[XW S&d:b'[X
6Z hbfbS h=\`^7h7i }
Z6hbfbS iS^` }
b'[7]\&_iS^&S:b&`h=^[XMXdXSW X[7S:b
f:_7Wb'[:bScb^7hbX_ '
b&[_ _[a
b'[7]\&_iS^&S:b&`gb[XSXd_X_7W7iS^&dXS '
T\T
_[aeU b'[7]\&_iS^&S:b&`h=^[XM XdXSW X[7S:b
f:_7Wcb'[bhb
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA ' MX %
i i
d7_&S=7d=[
Z3_[af:_&S=Q\=a
iS^&dXSPV
h=^[7XdXSZ X[7S:bf_Z
b'[bS:b^Xhb7_
f:^cb[ SXd:b'[7V
M.>H: 5 7Wi E :8+e%: 5 ;+1<:8+70L>78++K; 5 Y%R# 5 7U;+W E 5 M'9K;}+R E 78zRW
7 5 M'+Wi E 5 7 5 78Wi; 5 7#;$>+';$'R ;>MK7U7zRWW<]: 5 ; 5 e 5E +R
7 5 78W<
X ++ C f +78WieN RW+g$+7U 5 I
1+7<^ +e;$K} 3 E +7)7G E5 M.1 K; 5 <:8]
5 eL;$J E8E5 ]JRW7 5 M'+Wi)JY%R E`E +78KW E 5%EGEG 1+ EaE5 M.RS E C
^ 5 7U0Y%RFv3:G+W 5%E RW7UY%R'1 535 e;$J>787 5 $;$' 5 ;<MK E8E 1W 5%E 78>M.'_>76 EGE
5 t+7US>T 5 78b>;JRW; 5E >M.>W<+e%: 5%E ;$>e:87 5 ;bMK E8E CdW<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R:G7U:83; 5 5 7G 5
;<MK E8E (]W 5%E :878; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi#"I$C C f 7U) E +M' EGE E e.e9L; E V 5 W 5 v<1%'W 5E V 5
7 5 E8EG5JE ^78+t:8^RW e 5 1 5 7UYR.1 5JE +7U78K; 5 C^e%:8 E ;>78S+T 5 ;$ $;$' 5 78 5%E
5 e E :G78R$: 5 7G E C 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 7 5 R7UJe(:Ut+MKb;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E RW 5 e E :87GR$: 5 7 E +W 7UW<+:G7 5E
78i#+M' EGE b 5 7G78+e%:8Ca?dM'0>7:UW<+e%:8bg$ E :8Vt 5 E VL 5 W 5 1 .W 5%E e 5 > :GRM 5 "N
Vt+ EG5
AD
+M')eT 5E v;$NMK7U; 5 t+M 5 7 5 7UWi; 5 7>V 5 787G 5 eLM' E ; 5 7 E +Wie%:8' 5 RK;78z;$
'e E >7G.prM 5 e):8L>M'<;$ EG W3 5 M 5E CZ= E :Gb> EG5 V 5 +W< 5 ;<>e:878;0]1+7U;;$+'7 5
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H YQ=^^U6; [ Q6; [9G :;%y<YQ:==?^Q>^U=6; D [ %B6 ; [G v{
\ K%N :;&6^P G&H ; [G vL G n K6Z ; H
_ HK :Q GQK%N ; [ Y
d
e
g Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
h ; [G G&H YQ=^^b G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/BLQY Z ^ K {
i ; [G G&H =Q:Q G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/BpY Z ^ K {
k YT`S J : K = O Y G B > GQK%N ; [ ZbH[ H LQYQ=^^y?lUL%; H ^ K : J L K ;%:l HQJ YY6{
Frq
FuF Z a- y:=YB;a= j6^ G : { L ;%:% a= Y yE{RRA^ LQ; ^ : ;%:cTa=Y^Q; < := a= Y
Fr\ G H K J K G J K G H K JK G [G J K
Fr_ ; [G G&H ; H ^ K : J L K G LQY& Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/BL K Y Z ^ K {
F|d ; [G G&HGQK%N ; [ G LQYU Z ^ K ; [G yuvCB >Y Z ^ K {
Fre
Frg
F n : Z p= KG p; ZU[ G :=Q; H ^ K : J L K ;&:Q G a9= :J ;%Y <K :=?yE{>=D B
\ : <
^ n
_ K Z?H J
d HK :QYQ=^Q^cLQL
e LLX`y :Y%=^^{P : = Y BY p Y nRRon <=MLQY%=^^ QL ;&::
g HK J K O G G G J G G &G HKG
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q/
!)o
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %q/
h Z a-yL^ LncBn6=Q`S: G&LHLK B|n=Q:` HJ YQBY6LQ;?{P>n6RYRP=L N =b= > H ;?yE>{Gt [ =A^ J n G :6L%YQ=^^ G
i J G&HK GQKG G
k G Y^ G ^ nc`
l =Qp=RYQ= <R L l
Frq J H O%G K
FuF RRX< :=M;tLQx <;Xn6=Q:=M;SLQ; H ^ K : JK ;%: [G a= J Y K
Fr\ n JK G; [G yE{ [6Z
Fr_ n JK ; [G y?l G a= J Y K LQ; H ^ K : J L K ;%:/B=YQY^S^ J n G :CyE{l&{
F|d n JK ; [G y?lB > G%K%N ; [ n JO Y Z L ZbHZ&K} yE{l%{
Fre n JK ; [G y?lBY Z > Z&K Y;L%=Y^
Dl%{
Frg n JK ; [G y?lBY Z > Z&K ^ K =L j Dl%{
Fh n JK ; [G y?l?=Y;%= [ Qsl&{
Fri n JK ; [G y?l ZbH p; j6G ^bn G L Z =Y!lfM^ J ncfml?R ZbHZUK} yE{?l%{
Frk n JK ; [G y?l: GQK&J : H l%{
\uq n JK ; [G y?lB G&H[ > GQK%N ; [ l%{
\F
\u\
x
A6D o CE HD
Q:878:8W)>e%: 5 ;$`RWiJ;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$a178'I1+M$;$`'e E :8eLK ]a E :Ue%:G E .W<M' E V 5 W 5
W 5E :G7U 5 7 5 78W<("I$C C f 7U`+;`e e 5 5 78 5 ;+M' EGE k]d78>RL>78;`
Z3b_Xh&atC
H o AcA ?Q=<CABCD
+e%:878; 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e:8ae(:8L>M'b; E W3 5 M 5E ;$+ 5 E ]+7U; RW<3;$.78:8.1
W<]: 5 ; 5 ]<;$>+M'78; 5 E :878: 5 eLz+M' EGE 0.W<M'+W<>e:U; 5 +W
+;(RWiJ; EdE R EkE RPMK E8E E C?dM'^;$+1 5 M'1FRW E :G78'ebY%Ra7G>7G E >e%:8 5 :G' 5 ;(>e:878;
e 5 > EG5 V 5 :G' 5 ;z178'I1+M `e RW 5 7GWi: 5 pr;$78T 5 ;$ eK; 5 L>M'(s,C fZ5 7Jg$>W)M 5 V
78 5E :8. 5E ;J;; 5%E +W ++ V$:G>W 5%E E`E +R.e%:8 E 78+78 E +e%:8S E
X
D ' 5 c`+7G E >e:US>T 5
b [7S
iSXd:b[X a = ^&]^7WXh&^[7W SXd:b'[X
h=^iXi a h=^i=i
b[7SV
h=^iXi h=^i&i X a h&^iXi h&^iXi
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H =Q:% G LQY&; [G 9y:=Q;%:Q< :G =?L%>Y&=6; D [ G Bu v{
\ ^ 6; n
_ Z K [G
d HK :Q:QQ=Q= :cY Y LX` YY
e HK O G HJ
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
i a;&:yrnM`Pv/Bp=Q:^(nu` YYnM`Tn B v {
k HJ H6G K
Frq =Q:Q; `y=Q:%6; {nB ;
FuF [GtI [G H [G
Fr\ RRon G <=wp=%: Z% p G Y H = K = O6G YQ=
Fr_ YP`S J : K = O Y G Bp=%: ZbH[ y I B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=%< G {
F|d
Fre RRT< := : p= Ba Y
Frg n JK G; [G y?[6lZ Ba GQZ%K6G YZ [ n JO YZ%GZ Lm[ lfAYB H =b> G f
lSlfAYB [ ^L&=Qp=yE{Q{
Fh
Fri
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA 'Q X Q
i i
:878:8W)>e%: 5 ;$kRWi`;$NMK7US>T 5 ;$d 5 e E :87GR: 5 7NV >H: 5 t+M 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi"I$Cq V
]<RW 5 RL 5 M 5 e 5 C) EGE .W}VeM' E 7G>W 5%E 5 7J7:8 E C l e'+'M.W<+e%:8)]<W 5 e%:U;M. E :U
;$<:8. 5E ; 5%E 7UW<+:G7 5E Y%R<]V>e%:8T 5 VBR E ;z78M 5 >M'._N7+e%:G7U;z; 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7
eb:8t+MKb;$ E W3 5 M 5E CZ`YRL1M'e 5 :87@Wi E RW<31>_Y%R 3R E + 5 ;$+78' E >76>1%.:8;
E 0 E8EG5 +' EGE +W 5%E #>e:878;#;:8L>M'z 5 ez;z781 5 7G E .e%:U:GK+e 5 W 5 W)>e%: 5 >W Y%R
5<E W3 5 M 5 ]J'e E +78'; 5 e3:8L>M');$ E W3 5 M 5E CZ? E8E 0W< E W< 5 E >7G1S>T 5 1M.J783W3R.: 5%E
5 R:G7 5E 5 e%: 5%E e+7US>T 5 ;$$;$' 5 C[ EGE 'WVeT 5 1IW 5E 78+t:8HprM'(: 5 ;1>_V +e; 5bEG5
cI
'eRW0 >eK<; 5 M'+.: 5 7`K;$>e:8 +prM 5E C
=k
=M.'e9^/^ E R E >Y >e%:G E ]6+M'+RMK;``78+7G E >e:US>T 5 ; 5E :G' 5%E ; 5E L7UW<:87 5%E e
5 78Wi^;$6RW E :87G'eLVI;6 5 7U; 5 5 W;$7UT 5 ; s; E 78H: 5 e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:GC`:8.M''_>eL; 5
E8E <.e$ 5 7GWiS+T 5 ]+7U;<i;$'7G+:G'1 ZGf_&S=Q\=a<e 5 7UY%R.1 5 ;$ E ;C`e 5 W<R$:G'M'._N; 5 V
;$ 5 7U; 5 5 W 5 ;$78T 5 ; 5 E W<'e s,V6] b'[bS 5 :G' 5 ;$&7G+: 5 78e 5 G V
]
78+78 E +e%:8; 5 t+M 5 PC E >R'7NVM'Re E +g >W<M 5%E
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H ; H ^ K : J L K G LQ9YU:6;%; <[:G =?>yu=; H D ^ K B(: ' J L K G L%Y&6; [G v{
\ :Q ;
_ HK GQK%N [MK
d HK :Q:QQ=G LPY :A` HJ YY
e HK :QYQO=^QGc^ G ^LQY%=^^
g HK :QQ=Q: K&N^&pZ =Q:
h HK K%NZ
i =QZ :Q^ K 6;LQ[Y&6G ; n
k G [GAI
Frq =Q:Q; [ GPJ
FuF ZbHKP: H <
^ nc`
ll
Fr\ K Z?H J
Fr_
F|d nAZ a-`tyuvAv/B ``; H/J B|n6Y=%Y6:{=b>: GQ K%J : H
Fre O [
Frg H `Ss
Fh RR>; =A=SY ^ =MLQ;?>m;^ n6;^ ;^n6=Q:b> :;^
Fri Y HK yrnu` Z KYY6{ K6Z [ GQK
Frk NZ G HJ
\uq RR I ` H xAL%;?>m= [G LQYQ=Q:=! ; [ ;n6=Q:b> GQK :;
\F
\u\ I ``yryr=Q=Q:Q:Q6G; LQY&6{ ; [G Bp{o=Qn:6^B H B ; [; G RR ` xSLQ;?>; ;?>
\u_ J ff [G I H [G J H H GSGP[6Z > G&H ^ ;
\d H
\ue RRt=L N =S= G&HK := [ = [ ; KZ n; H = K = O6G Y%=
\ug
\h G `S J : K = O Y G BLQY%=^^& Z?H[ ny I B|n;^ Z&K6Z ; H B Z >=Q< G {
\ui RRSL%; H ^ K :x Z =AY Z ^ K =MLQ;?>m;^ K6Z n6;^ [ ;^n6=Q:b> GQK :;^
\uk
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%qo
!)%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %qo
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q
!)
i i
?dW E >RK; E T 5 +.:8 E M'RW< E .e'+'M.'_>S E e:8 E ; E #U9LWi7 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 7U
?A o ;D ?A o7f %
>7876+ ;. 5 7U 5 5 7G 5 ; 5 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>C?dW7:8'+RM'7>V E T 5 'eKKM'._N; E E 178KI1+ E
YR& 5 e:87 5 M'W 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$- E S 5E R$:8.M'._N; 5%E e.M'9C
ZhbfbSiS7^`PVt EJ5
H7DX D6M D7? HQ H<6 HXD
? E :8}'e$ 5 78WiS>T 5 ]iR$:G'M.'_>;}78z>787J;.78:8.1 78: 5 78e 5 ;$
CPk*vW 5E V$+e%:8T 5 V 5 W 5 EGE (1IM 5 7`]+MKRM'; 5 C
>;b.e E :G78RS>T 5 Y%R ]>78;VR$:G'M'._Ne; 5 p E 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 N? H7D V 5 ;$p E .e 5 78W<7
NC:? HD
'M.9L,;$>+7G E +;$RWi,ReK;;$ 5 W +g NRS>T 5 ;$ E :U.e E :G78RS>T 5 C E8E 'W}V^;$+e%:G7 5
; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 +g$.K; 5 e 5 7 5 7UWi&"I$C VB 5 ;$p E # 5 e%:87 5 M'7 5 :UWie9 5 Y%R#
?A o ; D
Y%R3i.M'9M'>eS>i;$R7Ue%:Gbg$>+RS+T 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C^1I7GKI1>M RL7U; 5
:8Wie9 5 ;)'M'9b 5 787G>e%:G V t E )g$>+RS+T 5 ;0'e E :G78RS+T 5 V$ V 5 :8Wie9 5
Wig$'W 5 MK+eS+; 5 C f 7UY%R< E :8} 5 7U;+W ReL 5 e<9}M'RW< E 7G E :87GKS E Y%Ri
>78S+T 5 ;$b+ ;. 5 ;$>1 E +R.7NCZ?dM' E`E >78T 5 +g$M.K+; E e E >S>T 5 "NC /C /C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%qq-
!)
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %qq
+7US+T 5 ;$z+ ;. 5 7U;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$W<]: 5 ; 5E0E >R 5 W< E W 5 E Y%R>W<&;
;$NMK7US+T 5 ;$b 5 e E :G78R$: 5 78 E V 5 7` EGEG5iE >78 5 W<.:GK;iY%RXC
C
5 e%:GN#L7U 5 :878:8W)>e%: 5 ;$} 5 Wie; 5 5 W< 5E : 5 V
l eKKW 5E 5 W RW 5 Wie; 5 E :Ue%:G E .W<M' E 5 5 WieL; 5 T7db[7SPC = +7US>T 5
]R:G'M.'_>;RWi-U9Wi; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 9: EG5 7G&178'I1+M l
!o73; 5 78Re%:G'W<
%I1IV%Y%R:8W3t]+W E :8);$ E 5 e 1+Mte 5 78Re%:G'W< ++ C[? E :U3](RWi3; E 1Ie%:8+e E +W E
R$:8.M'._N7Z s 5 W 5 M.1 5 ;+7US>T 5 ;$a$;$' 5 C[W<]: 5 ; 5 W
X 5E :G7U; 5 e 5 7 5 78WiJ"N$C
78.W<>.7 5 +7U$;$' 5 Y%R)+W<'M.9c
! 7XVB;$+ 5 E U9W< 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R
55 $v*+: 5
>78 5 + ;. 5 T7db[7SPVt;+.g$e; 5z5 78 E RMH:U; 5 e 5 : 5 5 ;'M'9VyV
78#zg$78 E8E T 5 ; 5
+e%:UT 5 V+7U 5 $;$' 5 78<#U9LWi;<; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 cW*!o 9: XVY%RbWieL;<7U
E ;pr;78T 505E :G78'e#Y%Rb E :8#e 5 : 5 5 ;i'M.9C`= 5 :8beiU9Wi;i;$ N? H7 D 5%E
1M 5 78 E J.eL78+W<+e%: 5 b;$N78+W<+e%: 5 ; 5 :UWie9 5 ;).M'9C
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H 9: Z?HK 6; [G y9: 9Z?:H;%K <6:; =?[>G =vD { B
\ %n
_ K GPK
d
e Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
g n ; yE{
h JK [G
i nRJRtK LQ;; [YG;L%y?=Ml O6%G6<^ ZbH >^TBn; : Z?HK =Tl%n { Y =
k KG JKtH Z N
Frq n JK ; [G y?l< GQK ^ K = K6Z L =%p=RYQ= H <R%^ KG >RQ; JK =Qp=R Z ;R&9: ZbHK K : G =b> ?ltDQ{
FuF RRtLQ;Y;L%=S: ^ Y = ; = v%n: ^^ ; =Tn Y =
Fr\ ^ ;%: `ta=YG^ J K [ [ G G H Z N
Fr_ K G G
F|d KRRt`SL =b; >[=tG 9G&H: v&n: G 6: ; [=?>G yuB|nv/: B G v%n:y{ : <{
Fre n N; y?l pZbH; K pK :G =Y!Z?lHKf K ZbH
Frg JK [l G =%p=ZbHR ;Qj6R&9G : Z K%J : =b>RUn: y =Qp=RY%= <R : <C{?l {
Fh Z ZbHK K G ZbHK H K ZbH &
Fri
W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R}:G7U:U;RW 5 Wie; 5 d_X^=a:8W0L]>W ]} E :Ue%:G E .W<M' E V6 5 78]+W
5E8E RZM'RW< E 7:8'+RMK78';;$ E YR3W<+78>++W E >7( 5 W<+e%:U; E C 465 W 5 eT 5 ; 5 :8W 5%E
< 5 7U;+W;$b7GWi_++eL7ae 5 e#;<781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+ 5 :G' 5 ;<g$78 E8E T 5 V:G+W 5%E Y%R
U9W<7@e 5 1W)>e%:G 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R^_(0U9>>>W ;:8. 5 Ck=T 5 78b1+78 +7 E g$ E :8
M'RW7 5 M'+WiV 5 E EGEG5 5 $ >H: 5 eJeM. E E +Wie%:GK+VWi E 5 7UY%Ra7GN E W 5EZE L>7
Y%RM 5 :G' 5 ;(+g 7G EGE T 5 L7U+7U7 5 + ;. 5 ;$`U9W<;; 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 5 7878: 5 7U_+>7
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q
!)
i i
M.>H:8R78 5 R);$FRW'e:8+'7 5 V 5 R);$aRW E :87G'eLC^W0 5%EZ5E W<]: 5 ; 5%E +e 5 e%:G7UW)p E 6e +M' EGE
L=y
9 17c{!#FY%R6'W<M'+W<+e%:8 5 7GRe%:8.W<
X ++
m >S+T 5 "I$C % C[U9LWi; Y%RM'Y%R>7
RW;$+M' E ;$>Hg)RWe 5 1 5 1M 5 7`e)'M.9LVY%R] 5 1M 5 7aM.K; 5 e<>e:878;pr;$78T 5 C
? D
eN E8E 78 5 eLM' E 7 E RL781 5 78Hg 5 ;$ E :8beLC`?dW1>_b;$ E8EG5 Vt]bWi7U+;ii178'I1+M
V'e;$K+e; 5 p E 3 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 Y%R3:G7U:8; 5 eHg 5 VtY%R3 E :Ui]3RWi 5 L>78S+T 5 ;$
:87G'RKS+T 5 C( E W<]: 5 ; 5%E Y%R3:G7U:UW ; 5E :G7 I E :G' 5%E ;3e E Y%R3 5 ;$+W 78>++7 5 W 5
M'9 5E ; 5 e# 5 7878+e%:GJ;$+1+W}V$+e%:UT 5 V$1+78 +7F E8E t<J+7U7`+ ;. 5 P ;J 5 78; 5 C
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H G = [ 6; [G y G 9= :[ ;%6<; :[=bG >=mv{ D BED?s
\ %n ` YY
_ K GPK HJ
d
e Z a
:
yuvS`Q` HJ YY{o: GQK%J : H
g K
h RR KG > I%JG p G : Z a Z L%=Q:c; K6Z n; [ = G v%n: G ^^ ;
i
k K `P%n G N6G L j v%n: G ; [G yuvCB G v%n:{
Frq L&= L yrv6L n ; {o
FuF K N G K6Z HmG
Fr\
Fr_ Z ay nK B K A; ``MyUl p%; 9Q^ { = RL
RAY%L N= =b><=t: : GR&= [ HK > R&: :G ^ =J Y K = [ ; yE{%6H =Tltn ZDQY{N =
F|d JK [G ZbH j6G K K6Z H K JHK6Z G G [ HK
Fre G Y^ G n RQRS; YQMy^l K : pZbH; <c^L N ==b>=tL!: G l= [f K : ZbH <C: G ^ J Y K = [ ; H =Tn Z Y N =
Frg JK [G lbZbY%H= <j6G: KR& K6Z > R&: = : <yE{? =p=RYQ= <R : </?lSDQ{
Fh H K JHK6Z G G [ K ZbH H K ZbH
Fri ^ ;%: ` : RR L%= A;Un :!= ; =Q:U>=QV G&H =%< G >
Frk K; [G G GUH v%K nJ6: GG 6; [G yuv/ZbHB G[v&Z n:{I% JG G [G
\uq
\F
2HD HD
fZ5 7g$>W)M 5 VB1vW 5E e 5 7 5 78W<&"NC.""0 5 W 5 ReL 5 e 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%R):G7U:U};$
RW V1% E : 5 Y%Rz+M'z7GN E >MKRMK7 5 1M 5 7);+g$7G EGE T 5 Y%Rz.eL;$'>&Y%RM
? D
] 5 7G7UI E >7#R$:8.M'._N; 5 ;,g$78 E8E T 5 e;'+C\= 5 :GY%R&e:8 E ;&+M'+RM'7i E8E E
g$78 E8EG E V<17GKI1>M 7GN+t 5 1M 5 7`M E V 5 E .g 5 ; E :GeLV 5 7^g$>W)M 5 V
e 5 +M'+RM 5 ; 5} eL;$'+VB 5 t+7US>T 5 ;$ E v;zeT 5 ]<;$<78W<_+>e+W}C m ):G'1+78W 5E RWi
g$78 E8E T 5 5 W 5
d_X^&a^egKb=
^
? D
+e%:UT 5 U9Wi;z E8E )W<]+: 5 ; 5 7Uz7G'W<+'78'e;$gS+T 5 >W 78+MKS>T 5 5 7878I
;$>1)7GN+t+7z178'I1+M 5 W 5 1M 5 7(1+7U;;$+'7 5 Cbz78z'e;$+g$S+T 5 ;$lgyV 5
E +R1IM 5 7^;$+1 E >7aM E5 V% 5 E^E ;$ E *v<t+eL E R E 7 5 1M 5 7`;$ gKb<(eLT 5 7GN;$ eHprM 5 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q
!)"
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %q
ce9PV%Y%R`'e 1+7G:G 5%E ; 5 E 1M 5 7G E e 5 : 5 5 Cke:8 E ;^>787Z E 'e E :87GRLS E 78J78>+Rt+7U7
5 R#7GWi_++eL7 5 1M 5 7@e 5 7G7UIV;$+1+W 5E :G+76eb.M'9b37G+ +7 +e+' 5 I 7878IV 5b e;$K(; 5
+M'+W<>e: 5 ;$ E *v; 5 NH
VL 5 7 M.:G'W 5 V 5 1IM 5 7^ E +77GWi_>+e; 5 E 5 7^ E :8 5 + E5 CF= 5 :8
Y%R 5E W<]: 5 ; 5%E YRz+7UW $;$' 5 7U& E +g$7G EGEG E 5 e%:8.e RW 78: 5 7GeL7 5 :G' 5
;)g$78 E8E T 5 V 5 E E8E 0'e$ 5 7GWiS>T 5 5 ;$ E +7`R:G'M.'_>;)e 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 Y%RJ_b)U9LWi;V
5 W 5 5 e:8>+ e 5 7 5 78Wi#"NC.""C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA s XQ
i i
'e E :87GRLS+T 5 Y%R^ 5 e 1+7G:G 5 :G' 5 ; 5 1M 5 7Z E +7d:G78.R ; 5 V E +WY%R 5 7 5 78W<; 5 7 5 :G+e9
+.: 5 g$M''+H:UW<+e%:GC}O 5%EGEG 1+MXV 5 78]+W}VZY%R 5 >78S>T 5 eT 5E v1M'';C=^ E8E #+ EG5
e>e9 RWi):G.:GR;b](: 5 Wi;)RW>7G7 5 g+>S+T 5 5 5 7878 e 5 7 5 7UWiV%e<g$NRS>T 5 ;
'e E :87GRLS+T 5 $&&
XC
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H K : ZbO 6; [G yu 9K :: ;%Zb<O :6=b; >[=mG D v { BED
\ %n Do` YY
_ K GPK HQJ K
d
e Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
g RRn <= n; = v%n: ^^ ;S~ ^ : = =P= : ;
h G KZ [ G G G I%J6G [ [ K ZbOQJZ
i K :QMDo`tQ%n L v&n: 6; yuv/B v%n:D%{
k K G NG j G [G G
Frq L%= L yv6L n ; {T
FuF K N G KZ H
G
Fr\ RRtL%=YL YQ= v%n: ^^ ;S~ : =
Fr_ ^ ;%: `tJ a=YG^ G [6Z GZ&K
F|d K G G
Fre K `S; [G G&H v%n: G ; [G yuvCB G v%n: {
Frg RRXa=QVcL%; :" ;
Fh -
a y
D B G u` [GtB K6Z n6;^ ^Q YQ=^Q^y DB C B {{
Fri Z nK K; ylUKL KL L%=^ Z lJQf O DB ^QL K%=QpK=yE{K{ K
Frk JK [G N6G j K K [
\uq RRT=Q:U>=%V =S: ^ Y = ;
\F ^ ;%: ` G&H: G J K [
\u\ K; G v%K nJ6: G 6; yv/B v%n:DQ{
\u_ [G G&H G [G G
\d
Q 5 Wie; 5 i=T_&dJ;$+1 E +7:G7U;$R_>'; 5 e RWi U9LWi; ;$FW)]+: 5 ; 5 C f 7U^ EGEG5 VI'eKKM.p
I
W<+e%:G ]>W).M'9;378 >7 >eKb 535 $v*+: 5 Y%R ] 5 M.1 5 ;0U9Wi;CO2178'I1+MM 5 +M
_+>7 5 V 5 R E *vV 0178'I1+M$ $ UCd + 5 E ]J+7U; 5b5 +$;$. 5 780+;bRWi); E +g 7G EGEG E
Y%R E >78T 5z5%E 78RW<>e: 5E ;}U9W<; M'.e9L">}; 5}f 7 5 7UWi-"NC."N/ C)?dW E >RK;]
U9W<;7U 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 b[bS ; E Rt+7UMK E8E i;+M' EGE
5 7G78+e%:8C 178'I1+M A 6OC c? 5 e%:8]+W ; E 78'S>T 5 Vte# 5 78W<z;$)RW E :87G'eLVP; 5E :G' 5%E
>78;}.e E :G78RS>T 5 5 W
; 5%E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E R:G'M.'_>; 5E C[2178KI1+M D> :D;:?A o # 5 e%:G]>W 5 eXH W<>7 5 ;$`78RW)>e%: 5E C
m 5 W<e; 5 p E b# E :8 E 5#5 $v*+: 5 % $ VP:8+W)p E 5 e=H W)>7 5 ;$3>M.>W)>e%: 5E Y%R E +7UT 5 78:8.7U; 5E
;}'M'9e+g$>RLS+T 5 ;.e E :G78RS>T 5 5 e E ';+7Ue; 5 p E (v 5 : 5 ;$Y%R 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 eLT 5
78: 5 7GeL3e>e9 RW1M 5 7UC
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H J n G :Q6; [G y 9J :n ;%G <:Q:6=b; >[=mG D v { BED?@
\ %n
_ K GPK
d K : Z?H <
^ J n
e
g Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
h
i RRnc=&n; HK =Tn6=%:=S= G&HK := [ = [ =A^ J n G :6LQYQ=^^ GA[ =MLQY%=^^ G %L ;%:: &G HKG
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GA D XQ @
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab "
+7U7`$;$' 5 78 5 5 W<e; 5 ;$'e'+'M.'_>S+T 5
m
M.'e9}"I
F n JO Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H ;%:%6; [G y;%:Q96:; ;%[<G :=bv>{ =mD BED
\ : <cYQ= ` = Yy{
_ K Z?H O H6G O6G
d K : Z?H <c;Y [%O : G = j Y%= O6G YA` O : G = j Y%= O6G YRRt^%=Y%p=MYQ= O6G Y [ ; O : G = j
e
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
i n ; yE{
k JK [G
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)
i i
F n J O Y Z LPp; Z&[ ; [G G&H : G = j 6; [G y9: :G ;%= <j :6=b; >[=mG D v { BED
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : H
d n ; yE{
e n JK ; [G y?l < ^ : = l%{
g RJRXK < [:G= O6^&Gp Zb;oH n6=QO:=AG ;tj YQ= Y ; : =
h G [G Z O6G [ O G j
i n JK ; [G y?l<; K ;lf O : G = j YQ= OG Y6{
k
=T 5 7G E >e%:878+W 5%E^5E W<]: 5 ; 5E Y%R<+7UW+ ;. 5 78 5E 5 W<e; 5%E
7
-}
5 7 E +78+W E >W)>M.9Le%:G E JW<]: 5 ; 5%E v7G E >e:U; 5%E 7U 5 R$:87 5%E 5 W<e; 5%E C?,e+W 7U
5 5 Wie; 5 1_> 5 V 5 7 E >7`:G78'1%KMXCd= E >S>T 5 "NC /C E +7UT 5 78 E +e%:8; 5EF5%E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E Y%R
>78W$;$' 5 78) E +g 7G EGEG E +W C
X ++
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
/
!)o
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab /
F n JO Y Z L K %n G ; [G G&H HK ; H ^ K 6; [9G :y;% <H:K =b>; =mH ^ DK 6;BED?[ G v{
\
_ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
d RRtL%=Q:: <=A=MLQ; ^ = =Xn Y =
e n ; G y?lbY LlHfPKv/B|n6HK;GP^ H ; Z B >N =Q< XDQ{
g : JK : [G [ %n yU% 9Z&CK6Z Hs6{Z G
h G%K%J HSHG K G
i
k
Frq n JO Y Z L K %n G ; [G G&H K : ZbH <; H ^ K 6; [G y K : ZbH <; H ^ K 6; [G v{
FuF
Fr\ Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
Fr_ RRtL%=Q:: <=A=MLQ; ^ = =Xn Y =
F|d n ; G y?lbY LlHfPKv/B|n6HK;GP^ H ; Z B >N =Q< XDQ{
Fre : JK : [G [ %n y%Q6UZ&K6%Z H9/Z 3s{G
Frg G%K%J HSHG K G
Fh
f 7U00178'I1+M]JeN EGE 78 5 +e 5 e%:G7U7Fe3:8t+MK<;$ E W3 5 M 5E 0+e%:G7U;0 5 7G78 E 5 e$p
C o AC o :?
;$>e:8 1+78 +7 E E :8 E ^:878:8b;RWib17GKI1>MM 5 >M 5 R#;$JMK E8E C 4 E53E *v3178'I1+M
M 5 >MXV$ M'.e9L3"N/; 5 f 7 5 7UWi"I$C'"Iqy.e;'>;L>M 5 1M 5 7; Wi 5 7Y%RF_++7 5
ez+e%:G7U;z;z178'I1+M[ez:8L>M';$ E W3 5 M 5E Vy>78p E 3'e E :87GRLS+T 5 Y%R E 'W<M. E W<>e:8
t+ 5 1M 5 7^;<1I7GKI1>MPav 5 pr0e<'M'9 e 5 > EG5 ;$beT 5<E +7`RW<i:G78.R'S>T 5 5 R;
? D
'M.9L<7U<017GKI1>MZ{+ E5iE *v<RWii:87G'RKS+T 5 Cd`YRy:8W3t]+W]R:G'M.'_>;i<178'I1+M
Y%R'e;$K+i 5 +7U; 5 7F;$b+$;$. 5 + EG5iE ;$>1<+7U7`+ ;. 5 L7U)7GWi_++eL7 5 R
c? D
78>RL>787FRW1M 5 7NC@= 5 .e 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 V_p E J< E 5 M'9<;$bY%RM.e E :G78RS>T 5 R$:G'M'._N7NV
5 W E (e 5 1M 5 7`;)178'I1+M C^'e;V]J78> EG5 ;$NK;$'7>V$78 5 + EG5 ; E 178'p
1> E M 5 + E V E 5 1M 5 7^ E +7`Wie.RM'; 5 ]RW.e%:G>.7 5<5 R}RW E :87G'e 5 R}787UI :G7U:U; 5%E
5 W 55 v*: 5%E eLz s&CB E8E 'W}VB 5 W<7US>T 5 eLM'.e9&"> E +781bL7U;$NK;$.7Gp E E 5
78 g 5 ;<'e E :87GRLS+T 5<E +7U3RW*H(L7U0'e%:G>.7 5EF5 RRW(78 E :87G'e Ea5 R}7878I E C
= 5 > EG5 ;1I7GKI1> E ;$b+M' EGE V;$>1+p E JR$:G'M.'_>7^'e E :87GRLS E E t> H > E 78078>RL+p
7US+T 5 ;$ E >R E 1M 5 7G E C 465 W 5E b:G7U:U;$0RWe 5 W));$)1I7GKI1>M E .W<M' E W<+e%:GVt E :U E
78 +78'e; 5 )RWi017GKI1>MP; 5)5 $v*: 5 %$ 5 RBV$Wi E 7GN E p
5 7878+e%:GV 5 R E vV; 5i5 $v*: 5
W<+e%:GV 55 v*: 5 +Rv7G+ +7I+e+'z E :8ze178'I1+M[M 5 +Mk_+>7 5 C fZ5 7J EGEG5 VBeLzM''e9o]
E +R';V 5 $;$' 5 ;$&
L 5 R97
L
5 1M 5 7`;$ ? D Ck 7878'0'e E :87GRLS+T 5 'e;$K+iY%RM 5 e 5 W<;<178'I1+M
>78; 5 +$;$. 5 Y%R<>W).M'9 E8E )1M 5 7JV+W
;$b 5 7U; 5 5 W
<_++77G:Gb; 5 t+7US+T 5 CF^Wi 5 E >7G1S>T 5 E +7` >H:Ui]3Y%Rbe 5 + E5 ;$ 5 t+7US+T 5 ;$
? Vt]3+7U;<RW<.e
78Wi_>+e+W}V 5 1M 5 7` E +7^ 5 M 5 >; 5 e<178KI1+MP E :Uv<e 5 : 5 5 ;<'M'9<V 5 7 E8E5 V
t E #'e E :G78RS+T 5 Y%R0>W<.M'9 5 1M 5 7(;$ E :87GRS>T 5 ce9Y%R0.ep
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
,
!)
i i
1>7:8 5E ; 5 E 1IM 5 7G E e 5 : 5 5 ;'M.9V$;$+.ge; 5 p 5%E e 5E KS+T 5 5 7878:8JL7Ub78Ig$.Wi
'e E :87GRLS+T 5 V 5 9:7 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!)%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab o
F n J O Y Z L K %n G ; [G G&H G OQG L K 6; 9[:G ;%y< :G =b6> =mOQDG L KBED?6 ; [G v{
\ %n
_ K GPK
d HK :Q:QGQYQK%=N^Q;^c[ Ln
e HK
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
i RRn:;L :=A=MLQY%=^^ = =YS^ ^ =ML&: =Q: >m; ;
k J Gt[ I%J Gt[G G Z J OQGQK
Frq LX`y HK :YQ=^^{T J : K = O Y G BLQYQ=^Q^& ZbH[ nyuv/B H =b> G B Z >=Q< G {
FuF RRtL&: =M;P; ;
Fr\ n ; Z y?l OQG%lK f-yy :YQ=^^{AL{BLQ;?>nY =?> yE{XDQ{
Fr_ RJR K n[GY L%H6=PG n6=Q:=ML =b>H=Q:
K LQ; ^ : ;&: GQKG G
F|d n [%J; Z y?l nloDQ{N H K JK
Fre JK [G [%J
Frg RRX< :=cL%x <;on6=Q:=A;^P=Q:< > ;^ ;ALQ; ^ : ;%:
Fh G [6Z J G&HK [ H K JK
Fri K `S; [G G&H v&n: G Z ^ K 6; [G yuv/Bu=%:<6^{
Frk
\uq K : ZbH: <A>=%;&:p <Y Z =^ KL `-`y K y B K B MA```` HQJ YY6YY6q{ {cTlsClzt yK yr B [ ^:L %&=Qp=L{ yE{ B {BLQ;
\F ZbHK G G K j K K HQJ HK G K K HK
\u\ RRX< :=cL =b>= = ;ALQ; ^ : ;%:
\u_ n G; y?l N p; [ ^bn[ L =HY!K lJfMK LBLQ;?>n6Y =b> yE{Pf
\d JK [G ZblbHR j6G G y?loZ ft=Q:<Y ^ fl%{GQlK G yu: G >;%p =L fDQ{{
\ue ZbHZ&K} Z K G G K j
\ug RRP; ;ML&: = ; ^ =Xn Y =
\h OQG%K Z [ G KPH Z N
\ui K: ` H6: G K %n G yL s{
\uk G%K%J HMK
_uq
k*vW 5%E V 5 78V>RW; 5E :8. 5E ;$ag$78 E8E T 5 'e7GK;$ VYR6]` g$78 E8E T 5 7G>M'p
5 eLMXC 465 W 5 1%'W 5E e 5 > :GRM 5 ""V+MKb 5 ; E +763 5 W<78S+T 5
X ++ +e%:G78^'e:8+'7 5%Ed5 Ri+e%:G78
HM.:G'W 5 + E53EG5 W<>e:8 b 5 W<78S+T 5 ;'RM';;$
5 R,;$ E 'RLMK;;$} 5 L>78; 5 78 E X 5 R $
E :G78.e E V 5 v*: 5%Ed5 R7878I E VWi E e E :G
]#++.:8C l eKKM'W)>e%:Gi]i>78; 5 $;$' 5 7U
E ;$R E0E RL+g 7G EGEG E V;$#W 5 ; 5 Y%R 5 7G E RM.:8; 5 ;7G'W<+'78 J E YR+7U; Y%Re
t+eXHM.:G'W<z 5E 'S>T 5 ;'M'9 5 7G E RM.:8; 5 ; E Rtg$78 E8E T 5,J ;.78+.:8z; 5z5 L>78; 5 7NVte 5
: 5 5 C)c^ E :8Vy 5 7G:8e%: 5 Vy+7U7J$;$' 5 7UYR)} 5 W<7US>T 5E *vz +.:8 5 7G E RM.:8; 5
"!195 "
!N9&
; 5 7 5 78Wi"NC."NVB>MKRMKp E iY%RMd}.e E :G78RS>T 5 ;(s ;$NYRL;78 5 W)L7Up
S+T 5 ;$ E v;C fZ5 70+g >W<M 5 V` `L7U 5 R )L7U C 4 EG5&E v
"
!N9 "
!19
5 W<78S+T 5 >e:87G E :87G'e E V 5 $v*+: 5%E^5 R-7878I E VRWiz; E ;R E .e E :87GRS E ]3 E 5 M.9';
5 R- +C
? E8E E 'e E :G78RS E +:GRW 3 5 W<7US>T 5 ;$ E *v;b>e%:G78 5E ; 5 E65 t+7U; 5 7G E e 5 : 5 5
;'M.9L-}+g NR$:UW RW;$ E 1 5 > EG5 :UM^ 5 W<7US>T 5 78 E RM.:G}1>78;;$+'7UC EGE 'WVF
'e E :87GRLS+T 5 E +7b+7U;M 5 5 L E 5 W<7US>T 5 ]RW + 9X$2iY%R# 5 M 5 > 5 1IM 5 7b
'e;$K+e; 5 7G E RMH:U; 5 M E5 Be 5 : 5 5 ; 'M.9C?VM 5 5 ;+ 5 E VRW;$ E 1 5 7U^RW\ 5 e: 5
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!)
i i
5 eL;$`Jg$78 E8E T 5 v( 5 : 5 ; 5 +M'+RM';C fZ5E :G+78 5 78W)>e%:GF]`+7U; 5 5 $;$' 5 78JY%Re; 5
)g$78 E8E T 5 ]1+7U;;$>.7UV Y%R+W<'M'9 5 1M 5 7"(7 5 e: 5 C
F n JO Y Z L K %n G ; [G G&H G Y%= K6Z ; H =Y&69; :[;%G <y: =bG >Y%=m= K6D Z ; HBED= Y%6; [G v{
\ %n D
_ K GPK K
d ZbHK: ;bn<cYQ=RRS`;bn G :=! = ; Yy{
e K Z?H O H6G O6G
g
h Z a-yuvA`` HJ YY6{: GQK%J : HAHJ YY
i ;UnA`tv/B|n6;^ ; B
k Z&K6Z H jZ?H[
Frq RRX< :=cL%x <;on6=Q:=S=^ =^t^ v&n: ^^ ^
FuF G [6Z [%J JO6G G G
Fr\ K D`S`S;; [G G&H v%v%nn:: G ;; [G yuyuvCvCBB G v%v%nn:: DQ{{
Fr_ K [G G&H G [G G
F|d
Fre Z a-y RKRSD^ B [6Z >ma;%:``tqs :K;DB nK A<`Q= `MU^ :& 9z;MLQ{ ;&:: ^bn6;
Frg K : Z?HG <c^P`SZ?H^ KG GY GZ L K ZbH G H ^ K :ZbJH L KK yJ;Un{ G H[G&HKG
Fh n JK ; [G y^tf
l: G Y G v%n:loftYQ= O & {
Fri
Frk Y^
\uq G G RRA^ a;%:S=Q::=Q3; ;S; ^ : <C ^%=S=o> ^>= ^ : ;
\F G OQGQK J K ZbH J G Z?H K J
\u\ Z ay n ;UnM`; `SYQy?=l H a<Q=;L>H n^ K = HK: ^Y B|" 6{v%nS:RloRAfS^QYQxT= ``A ; J {`A^ ;on G :U> ZUK6Z&[ ;^
\u_ JK [G Z GQI G G O &
\d G Y^ nG ; y?l aQ=L>n : Y v%n:lofSYQ= {
\ue JK [G Z H6G G G O &
\ug n ; y?l n ^ slD%{
\h n JK ; [G y?lO<;Z J;tNnv Y :lofSYQ= {
\ui n JK = [G Yy?l: K Y v%n:G lPG ftYQ= fO ll%{
\uk n JK ; O6G y?l nG G^ Dl%{ RR O ; L&: > =c^ =L n6; ^S^ : =MLQ; =Q:
_uq JK [G OZ J N H6 ZbH G G&HK K j Z G Z HK
_F n = Yy?lnv Y :lTfSY%=RR [%fmJ =l^Tl%p{G V G ^ QPI&J6G ; OZ n J ^ N s ZbH L&: G > G&HK ; J
_u\ JK O6G G G O
_u_ : : %n yU% 9Cs6{
_d G%K%J HSHG K G
_ue
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
%q-
!)
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab %q
?dW E >RK;V+7Up E 6$;$' 5 78( E +g$7G EGEG E ; 5%E 78RW<+e%: 5E VYR^;$+.g(>; RW
;$>M. E ;`* E Y%R>78; 78(J;$.78+.:8F>W 5%E KS EkE R+ E8E '1 E ;('M.9LCZ> 5 E ; E8E5 VU9p
E ^ >e%:G7U;J 5 7G78 E 5 e;$>e%:Ga 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 eL(:8t+MK;$ EG W0 5 M 5%E ^+M'+RM'p E 5bE :87G'eY%R
78+78 E +e%:8 5E :G' 5%E ; 5E 78RW<+e%: 5E V eM.W<+e%:8Vd+7Up E #-.e E :87GRS>T 5 c
N
*
Y%R(_b<U9W<;) 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 ;$ E v; 5 C
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/
i i
MD7?Q H7D
E .e E :87GRS E ;@78: 5 7Ge 5 ;$@RW W<]: 5 ; 5 E T 5 +7U; E L>M 5 e 5E8EG5 5 W<'MK; 5 7+;a1>_
Y%R`RWe ]`+eL 5 e%:878; 5 eb781 5 7G E .e%:8:GK+C[M.]>W ;$ E8E5 V E +W<78`e 5J eM
Q2
;$b>;<W<]: 5 ; 5i5 R 5 e E :G78R$: 5 7>V 5 5 W<'M'; 5 7a>78) 5 7 5 e%:8)787GK)RW 5 WieL; 5 ;$
78: 5 7Ge 5 7UJ+1 .:87FY%R +g$>RLS+T 5 >K( 5 7UI^; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 C Re; 5b5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 78: 5 78e
M'RW1M 5 7NV 5 5 W<.MK; 5 7Z:G>W Y%RV%M.]>W;$+7U7kJ'e E :G78RS+T 5 ;$`7G+: 5 7Ge 5 V E 5 M.9+7kRW
1M 5 7(7Ui78: 5 78e7NC(= 5 > EG5 VP E 5 M.9>78W)p E _+>7 5 7U#W<]: 5 ; 5E .e%:8+'7 5%E [XhXh#7U
E :G78.e E V 5 $v*: 5E b787UI E C
bh=\=^=a }
&h ac`
bEb=`
fT7=Sd_7h=_ T7d
gbT=:iQ
\&S7\T _7h=_&d
d_7h&_ T7d U
gbT=:iQ }
T _Xh=_&d U
b7_ _Xhi_ }
h&ac` }
bd_S=7d=[
\&S7\cb }
_7hi_ } Uh&ac` }
b[_
bd_S=7d=[
b } U h&ac`
bd_S=7d=[ 6` &ab\_d^=a7\T_Xh=\`\fT:bh=^=a7\dZ
r = * K rKr
r K3 r %s r 3 r K
@ '63 r
*r r
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/
"
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab
oNC? 6 HD5
E W 5E 7G E >7G17e'M.978YR 5 W)]+: 5 ; 5 Re+ 5 eC 465 W 5 ;$ E +7G>1+W 5%E V^ EGE
5 e%:8+W]b +.:8i EGE eL; 5 p E J 5 W 5 78RW<+e%: 5 L7U 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$
5E 'S E Y%R(+;.e E :87GRS>T 5 ;$K 5 e J .M'9z 1M 5 76e+%:G'1 5 V> EG5 7G+:G'7G W< E +M'+W<+ep
: 5%E ; 5 Y%R+W<'M.9N CkkvW 5E V 5 78]+W}V 5iE >R'e%:G(:G78>U9 5 ;$b+$;$. 5
bh=\=^=a
a&XT
b7_ a} U
bd_S=7d=[
a} U
bh=\=^=a }
ZXZXZ
m <e 5E8EG5 5 W<.MK; 5 7(+7U E8E 3$;$' 5 ;$ E8E #Wie>.7UVP:8+7 W 5E RW 7 5 M'+WiVt1 E : 5
Y%R# E .e E :G78RS EE T 5 +7U; E e}W< E Wi 5 7U;$+W +W Y%R#78>++W e 5 $;$' 5 V 5 Y%R
eT 5 78+78 E +e%:Ue>+ E8E 7GKW<>e:8#: 5 ; 5E)5E PR$g 5E ;$}+g NRS>T 5 5%EGEG 1+ E C= E8E }+ E5 V
E R 5 e9W 5%E Y%RVZ 5 +W<.:G'73}'e E :87GRLS+T 5 O0 5 5 e%:8; 5 7;MH:8R7U:GRM@;}'M'9
:G>e9 5 1M 5 7$CbL E E :8#'e E :G78RS+T 5 Vt:G>781M 5 7)"3<t E 5
7
#:G>781M 5 7J
C 5
>787z7GIg$'Wii.e E :87GRS>T 5 VL 5 7G:8e: 5 V 5 1M 5 7(; 5 5 e%:U; 5 7^ E :878i>7G7U; 5 C +1+78' E >7
"Vy 5 E +g$>RLS+T 5 U9+ 5 R EGE 0 5 e%: 5 5 W zg$>+RS+T 5 ; 5 V[t E(5 Y%RMk'M'9
:G>WMH:8R78"C
^W W<+ 5 ;$3 5 e%: 5 7Ge7a E :Gb7 5 M.>W<) 5 B'W) 5 7(<7G E :87GKS+T 5 ;$3Y%R: 5 ;<.e E :G78RS>T 5
;$; E 1% 5 ]^+7U;(t+M 5 5 W).MK; 5 7>V;$`:8MW 5 ; 5 Y%RL EdE RJg$>+RS+T 5 J'M.9b E :87U
eN E8E 78'W)>e%:G)1I_+KCi E8E .W}VtM 5 5E ) 5 e%: R 5%E ;$#$;$' 5 7:8+W E +W<78i;$iRWi
'M.9L E +We+e9%RW+M'+W<+e%: 5 Cd HeK+)+g$+>S>T 5)5 5 787G e)>78S+T 5 ; 5 $;$' 5 780RWi
g$78 E8E T 5 7G>M' 5 eM f 7 5 7UWi<"NC."N C[^M'{V$'e E :G78RS+T 5 = `>78;JeM''e90;$+.g
RW>M.>W)>e%: 5 e#'M'9C?dW 5 W<t+e E S>T 5 VPz.e E :G78RS>T 5 + 9X$00 eM.'e9/
]0+7U;
E +W 5 e%:U'M.'_>7be>e9 RW 'e+7G>W)>e%: 5 e.M'9V[;$ 5 78WiYR 5 eMF; 5 +M'+RM 5 ;
g$78 E8E T 50E tp E JY%R)'M.9Li78 E +Rz+Wg:UW<+e%:GJRWi)ReK;;$C
12.4 O runtime X ++
W3'+e%:G<;$)g$>+RS+T 5 78zM''eR>W 7 5 1+.:8p E W3R.: 5 ; 5 W0.>e%:G<;
s,C l E : 5-E 'e +-Y%RzeLT 5 :8+W 5E Y%Re 5E
X++
78 5 RL7< 5 W E t>: 5E 5 W 5 +7G78+%p
W<+e%: 5 V@1+78 >S>T 5 V@.eKKM''_>S>T 5 ;MK E8E :UC .W<M'+W<>e:US>T 5 ; 5 7GRe%:8.W<
M'.W<.:8p E RW70;$#W<]+: 5 ; 5E Y%R E T 5 U9Wi; 5%E ;$+e%:87 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 !"2;$zXRWi ++
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/
i i
MK E8E Ve:8 E i;$> 5 E ;}+g$>RLS+T 5 ; 5 W<]: 5 ; 5
XVY%RV 5 W 5 1 'W 5E VB] 5 5 e: 5 ;$
+e%:878;-;RW 7 5 78Wi ++ C
XE :87G'e
j VF:8W3t]+W}VFRW 7#;$W<]: 5 ; 5E 78 +:GR7#
M'+.:GR7Uz;i1IM 5 7G E 'e%:G>.7 5E E i] E T 5 R$:G'M'._N; 5 e.W<M'+W<>e:US>T 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5
d_X^&atC
\78Re%:G'W<J].W<M'+W<+e%:U; 5 +WI1V%eL)+M' EGE C'A :? ? >D CP 5 +g$>R:87Gp E
RW7 5 7UWi
X
E
++ V;$>1p 6'eM'R'7k:8MMK
E8E ae 5
L9%$) 5 78eNK; 5yJ s78(Y%R 5
78Re%:G'W) E vb> E8EG 1+MXC= 5 7 5 7UWi)"NC " E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5Ek5%E ; 5 E 7G'W<+'7 5%E W<]: 5 ; 5E V
Y%R(_>+W)'eKKM'._NS+T 5 5 >U9LW<+e%: 5 ;)+g NRS>T 5 ;$JRW7 5 7UWi
X ++
E@5 R$:G7 5E ; 5 E W<]: 5 ; 5%E eL0+M' EGE E T 5 W 5%E :878; 5E e 5 7 5 78Wi<"N$CC 465 W 5 .:8; 5
Cb^W
I o M DDHD&AMHD
e%:8+78 5 7GW<+e%:8Vt+M' E(E T 5 R$:8.M'._N; 5%E eL+7US+T 5 ;$<$;$' 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5 ;$>M. E
M <; 5 078: 5 78e#RW .e%:8+'7 5 5}5 R$:G7 5 I
M <)78: 5 78e#RW E :87G'eLC 4 EG5
M'RW +787 5 e}M'+.:GR78 5 5 7G7UV 5 78Re%:G'W<i+W<.:GiRWi}W<+e E +W ;#+787 5 VBWi E W< E W 5
E8E .W 78: 5 78ee 5 7GWiM'W<+e%:GV$ 5 W RW1M 5 7GpX;$7UT 5 C= 5 + E5 ;$ M'+.:GR78);$JRWe W<+7 5 XH
'e:8+'7 5 Vy+ EG5 9Lv#>7G7 5 e 5 5 7GWi: 5 ; 5 XH
e W<+7 5 VP+e%:8T 5 e+e9 RWi#W<>e E >W]0>W).:GK;V
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
"
!0/
/
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab "
t+eL E`5 1M 5 7Gpr;$7UT 5 ]7G+: 5 7Ge; 5 Ca\1M 5 7`78: 5 78e; 5 e 5 + EG5 XH
;$RWe W<+7 5 .e%:G>.7 5
]
VJe 5 > EG5 ; E :G78'eV$] #c7C
O' &N
8
3 N
.
E e 5 1 ';;$ E e E :G> :GRM 5E T 5 }'eM'R E T 5 ; 5%E 7UY%R'1 5E ; 5 +7U; 5 7;$+ ;. 5 z; 5
90 Q
=
5 78W'e+M.R
O' &O8= 9XGLC
78Re%:G'W)C[= 5 ;.78:878 5 ; 5%EZ5E 7UY%R.1 5E
\78'W)>.7 5 5 e%:G]+W 5E W)]+: 5 ; 5%E ;$ E 78.: 5E e E :Gb> :GRM 5 5E +Re; 5 V
b;$ eKS+T 5 ;+g$+>S>T 5 MKeS>;> EG5 M'RW 7 5 M'+Wi 5 5 7G7UJe+7US+T 5 ;$$;$' 5 C[= 5
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~X~ X
X
i i
12.6 Exemplos
`:8.M'._N78+W 5E 5 W 5 +g >W<M 5i5 7 5 7UWi ++VY%R1 .W 5E e 5 + :8RM 5 /C f 78i 5 W)p
'M'7 5 7 5 7UWibJ+7U7`$;$' 5 V$R$:G'M.'_>7G>W 5EF5 5 Wie; 5 ;$ E >W<7G
?dW E >RK;i+7GKW 5E V 5 W 5 R$g M' 5 ; 5 % E W)'eBV 5E 78Y%R'1 5%E g$NR$:UI1+ E (7 5 78Kp
W<+e%:Gb;H: 5E CZ +1+W 5E R:G'M.'_>7 5E`E +R.e%:G E 5 W<e; 5%E
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ ~X X
X
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab /
7_[_&d^&S_&aUlgb'[7SXd_X_OZ`&h=^i=i
iXi^fTch=_i"
X^i
fb[gb[7S=d_X_eZ Z)gb[7S=d7_X_&a7^S7^OZ6&^i
7_[_&d^&S_&aUlgb'[7SXd_X_M& a7^&S^OZ`&h=^7iXi
?^V eM'W<+e%:GV E :8W 5E 7 5 e%: 5E 78)g$NR$:U7`e 5%EGEG5 7G'W<+'7 5 7 5 7UWi3>W C
7G E RM.:8; 5 ]`W 5E :G7U; 5 E +R.7NC 4 ; E >Y=kI>eKJ;$`:G7I E =e HW)>7 5%E 5 7G78 E 5 e;$a 5
++
X ; 'V
"I E
W be 5 Y%R E +7UT 5 M.K; 5%E L>M 5 7 5 7UWi3bi;:8<'e E +78';0e RWi#7G1 5 78'e7GKC f[5 7
g$>W)M 5 V78'W)>.7U;:8 5 7G78 E 5 e;$^<"I$">
%
Cy^t E65 e_>^;:U E ;.H:U; E ;:8 E
78+t:GK; E`E T 5 78*v*>H:U; E V 5 7 5 7UWib'W<7G'W<.7U<<781 5 78J:8+78W<.e78C
i i
i i
i i
=L Ozo ssQRQR QmQT sCusQ n6=%< GAQ X @sQ
i i
W W }
~ W7W ~XXX
~ W W ~=XX
}~ W } W ~X=X
} W } W ~XXX
} W }~ W ~XXX
W W ~XX}
6~ W W ~=XX~
F QQQQ9Q:;%<:=bQ>=mD BQ @ QQ
\ ; [G < GUH6G := KGQ[SO tfQfMLQ;?>n Z Y G :
_ ( G :6^ Z ; H sCBED o ss
d QQQQQQQQQ
e B^Q; J :6L GPOZ?HK : GG Bv
g BLQY%=^^on JQO Y Z L OZ?HK : GG
h B^ J n G : =%p=RYQ= H <R O6QG L K
i Ba Z&G Y [ n JQO Y Z L j6G t OZbHK : GG [ = K =
k Ba Z&G Y [ n JQO Y Z LSY G a K OZ?HK : GG
Frq Ba Z&G Y [ n JQO Y Z LP: Z < NK OZbHK : GQG
FuF G a= J Y K L%; H ^ K : J L K ;%:CB3Q=YY^S^ J n G :Cy{
Fr\ B > G%K%N ; [ n JQO Y Z L ZbHZ&K} yE{?
Fr_ BY Z > Z&K Y;L%=Y^
D
F|d BY > ^ =L D
Fre =Y;%Z = [Z&KQs K j
Frg p; ^bn L =Y =%p=RYQ= H <R O6QG L K R ZbHZ&K} yE{?
Fh :ZbHGQK&J j6: HG G Z
Fri B G&H[ > GQK%N ; [
Frk
\uq B > G%K%N ; [ n JQO Y Z L ZbHZ&K} y OZbHK : GG [ = K ={?
\F BY Z > Z&K Y;L%=Y^
\u\
\u_ =Y;%= [ Qs
\d p; ^bn L =Y =%p=RYQ= H <R O6QG L K R ZbHZ&K} yE{?
\ue =ZbHY;%= j6[ G D G Z
\ug =Y;%= [ Qs
\h ^U=Un
\ui n JK a Z%G Y [tOZbHK : GQG R j6G S OZbHK : GG [ = K =
\uk =LQ; H ^ K HQJ YY
_uq =Y;%= [ Qs
_F ^U=Un
_u\ n JK a Z%G Y [tOZbHK : GQG RY G a K OZbHK : GG
_u_ =LQ; H ^ K HQJ YY
_d =Y;%= [ Qs
_ue ^U=Un
_ug n JK a Z%G Y [tOZbHK : GQG R%: Z < NK OZbHK : GG
_h : GQK&J : H
_ui BY Z > Z&K ^ K =L jm
_uk B G&H[ > GQK%N ; [
dq BBB
d F
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
o
!0/
%q
i i
Ou
Z +(F vlxV@/z|{bab o
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/
i i
i i
i i
i i
!%"$# 2&2 5 Q%&Q & )+# k4 2
# 2'2(# 9
= *
i i
Apndice A
Exerccios
I
=^ E :8# +e;'+ E >78T 5 7 5 5%E : 5E M'Re E g$+7U 5E C f 78 +78'W 5%E 78+MK 5 eLprM 5%E YR{Ve 5
eMF; 5 M'.1 7 5 &;z 5 M 5 >prM 5%E +W >;-+ :8RM 5 Vd 5 W 5 :G7U;$K 5 eM.W<>e:8 E #_Vk 5 E
#Wi 5 7GKi;$+M' E 78 +78p E 3i7 5 5E :8 E ;$)M.:G+7US E eLi.W<M'+W<>e:US>T 5 ; 5 5 W).MK; 5 7
X ++ V^
5
7 EGEG5 Va:U E +g$+7U 5E
e T 5 E :8T 5 7G>M' 5 e; 5E RW H
eK 5 > :GRM 5 C 5
5 e%:G7U78 5 V+ 5 ;+W\+e 1 5 M'1+7M.:G+7US E ;$ E ; 5 eM' E ; 5 7BM']g$K 5 :G]@>78S+T 5
; 6$;$' 5 C
pX'&
!2 !# G 3 9: : p 8& ,
*
$: !N9PL &/
L+ )l9
5!#c) &4
4l9!#$
"9
5!
X"
!# $ =
=
o! 7/8X
!N9:Ln
GK9
!R
y7{ -,& !"'
%L7( & ) Gq F)
X ,n7 w
y9
L!# n ) !"/"
7L+ ( &8X& , w
y9
L!# y
n ,n7 6 w
!19!#c)
8:9&p lLV9t9 $ eLnn
) w
5; 8:9&( &"
8=<
n #
7 &nK
' >
!1t9 L& , "!#' &?
l
L 8=9 &" W+
W 8
! &
8
9: <
n &b L GG -, 8=9!#
:t? 6< D7? H
@
Q? i/AELMPH2LC -
@I
< C'A c|CX7C I < c:D !
<7; B o C'A AI
B
O!#"N!":#97.7L(0 :9 $y7!9&L
!#, C &,19.
!# & X ,
9!#,7! !C0 ! !"Vf:^cb'[7!#",
++
%q
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/">
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
!0/""
i i
Apndice B
JavaCC
7 5 7UWi3%I1 4`4 ]RW+7U; 5 7`;$beM. E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 YR+7U<$;$' 5 %I1ICk?dM'
5 .eKKM'W<+e%:G^; E +e 1 5 M.1 K; 5 L>M' m Re#YRV;+ 5 E ;$M.RW}V:G>W) 5 EGEG5 R E +Ri;$ E +ep
1 5 M.1 'W<+e%: 5 78 !# o
:'VyY%R3 5E :G>7G 5 78W<+e%:Gb 5 [.e 5 78 5 78;)L>M' QPl)&
:'C m R<1>7 E T 5 :GRLMy]bi$C'" >e 5 e%:G7Up E e%RW78+ 5E H:878 5 ;)7878' m ReC
f 7U 5E .e%:G>7G EGE ; 5E >W 5 e9>>7#W<+M'9 5 7 5 %I1 4`4 V E R,'e,e l e:8+78e:]
Q7SXS&T:i|UWXW&X^&]^`=`|Z3aX_]Z6&^&]^OZ[_&S7WC?kg$ E :G>W}Vk:8W3t]+W}VdRWiM' E :U&;$};$ E +R EGE T 5 RW
c|69 EG5 7G 5 7 5 ;R$: 5 C( 0 5 7U; 5 5 Wi787GKi+W<78 E VP;$>_++eL E ;0W<'M.97G E
;$F; 5 ~`eM 5 ; E 5 7UW +.: 5%E ; 5 I1 4`4 6W)'M'978 E ;$@R E R7G 5E R:G'M.'_>W0pre 5 >W\M''>S E
E ]>7GK E UC0=.eLVy 5 ;p E )+e 5 e%:G7U7J'e;RW M.'e78zRWi E ]>7G'<;$<7UWi:8'> E
2 j
7 5 e%:8 E 7U(R$:G'M'._NS+T 5 L>M 5 %I1 4`4 C m T 5 7UWi:8'> E V 5 7dg$>W)M 5 V;$%I1V 4 V 4 xx0V
m (A D s&AdVW0RH:U Ea5 R$:G7U E C
%I1 4`4 ;$ e<RWiM.'eRL>W 7G78'7Uz; E 78'S>T 5 VPe RW He' 5 78Y%R'1 5 Vy; 5
eLM' E ; 5 7M.]+g$' 5 z; 5 eM. E ; 5 7 E 'e:U:8' 5 C l eKKe; 5 5 W 5 eM. E ; 5 7M']g$K 5 V[ EGE
M'.eR+W t+78W).:G<Y%R<+;i: 5 >e E *v; eK; 5 e 5 78W<z;$)RWi+g 7G EGE T 5 78+RMK7
Y%RJ 5 ;$ E +7a:UT 5iE .W<M' E 5 W 5
K\"]
M^ U
Ma& U `h=^iXi
5 RWi E 5 W)M.+g$< 5 W 5
K\"]
M^ U
iS=d:b[7K7`\[:iS7^[7SU XW W`\[:iS^[7S_iSXd:b[X`\f:\ ^g`ag:`a7^
#X | #X # [ # d & #cX
?dWW3 5E[5%E + EG5E V 5E : 5 +e E ;$ eK; 5E >e%:G78N E +7UT 5 R$:G'M.'_>; 5E 5 W 5 5 e E :Ue%:G E
y
d<
'e:8+'78 E VI+ E8E 1> E ;+e%:G7 5 ; 5 eM' E ; 5 7 E .e%:8:GK 5 C^M']+W\;$k: 5 +e E V> 5 ;$+W E +7; eK; 5%E
e 5 eM' E ; 5 7)M.]+g K 5 Y%R E >7U:G+78 E05 RQ+g 7G EGEG E ;$+1+W E >7i.e 5 7U; 5%E
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
!0/"N
i i
:8W3t]+W 5E : 5 >e E E LNK E YR E T 5 : 5 >e E Y%RieT 5E T 5 EGE ; 5%E 7U 5 eM' E ; 5 7
E .e%:8:GK 5 V$W< E 78Wi_+>e; 5E (78>+Rt+7U; 5%E )7:8.7^;RW: 5 >eze 5 78W<M{C
?dW ;$KS+T 5 "JE g$78 E8EG E 7G>RMK78 E V ] 5%EGEG 1+M;$ e.76 E :8; 5E 78) E t>+ >7 5%E
: 5 >e E V E %' E<5 R: 5 +e E E t>+' E VFW< E<5 RQW)>e 5E 5 W 5 e RWR$:GWi: 5 eH: 5 C = 5
=kI>eKzU E +7U'e 5 78;t+M 5 eM' E ;
5>|C?:C:D o >X>DQ:? C D 5 ; E E ;$ eKS E
g$>W)M 5 E +R.7NVd E >Y 5 73M']g$K 5 #7U E :8
W3RL;7)7U 5 E :8; +.:8 E e%:G>7G 5 78W<+e%:G
e 5 E :8; 5 pr;$7UT 5 eLT 53E +78'W7GN 5 e9>+'; E 5 W 5 eM' E ; 5 7dM']g$K 5 e E :G(e 5 1 5 E :U; 5 C
m 5 W)>e%:G 5E +Re; 5^E .b E +R.7 5 ;$>7GK E >7BR E ; 5 CB?dM'@;$+:G+78W<.eL^Y%R@+ E5 E >Y =kI>eK
>a7GNS+ eJ+e%:G7U;V+e%:UT 5J5 eM. E ; 5 7M']g$K 5 1 5 MH:U 5 E :8; 5 pr;$7UT 5 CB?,Y%R`7U
Y%RMKY%R+7` 5 E <;$. +78+e%:G;$ NUV$)+e%:878;3]bL>e E 'e 5 7U;C
] U
W U"fchS:bhb[_`\fXf:_[XS
fhS:bhb'[_`\f=f:_[XS M"] U
W U $
M a=
R
2
^W 7GNR7 EG5 +g :G7U 5 +78>+'; 5 t+M 5 %I1I 4`4 ]^t+78W<H:8.76YR^$;$' 5 %I1I E *v EGEG5 K; 5
5 78> 5 e9>'W<+e%: 5 ;bRW ;$:8+78W)'e; 5 : 5 +eC RLe; 5i5 eM' E ; 5 7`M']g$K 5 78> 5 e9N
e(+e%:878; Y%R+M'F: 5 +eBVM.]>W; E S E e 5 78W< E : 5 Wi; E V 5 eM' E ; 5 7[M.]+g$' 5 +g NR$:U
5 $;$' 5 E8EG5 +'; 5 )>M.C
@
M
^
M M
^ $ =X
7 5 7UWi; 5 7Z;$+1a:8W0L]>W ; e'7 5 e 5 W<;MK E8E aY%R.7U78'7 5 eM' E ; 5 7
E .e%:8:GK 5 C l EGEG5 ]k +.: 5 5 7W)> 5 ; 5E 5 Wie; 5E X= V
E +e; 5 888 5 e 5 W<#;; 5 5 eM' E ; 5 7 E .e%:8:GK 5 C D R; 5 YR#7GNi+e%:87Gi EGE E ; 5 E
5 Wie; 5%EE +7U .e E +78K; 5 5 W 5 +$;$. 5 e E :8(MK E8E C E8E .W}V 5 ;$+W E +7Z'e E +78'; 5%E !19
*UV
178'I1+ E V$W<]+: 5 ; 5E :UC^?dW 7:8'+RMK7NV 5 W<]: 5 ; 5 !#YRb7GN>L 5%E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E ;
M'.e9Lb;$ 5 WieL; 5 V.e E :8eK 5 eM' E ; 5 7 E .e%:U:GK 5 .e'+'b3eM. E E 'e:U:8'> 5 ;$ E >7
'eM'R ; 5 e E G
: 5 e%: 5 C
78 E : 5 ; E ;$NMK7US EkE T 5 E 7 5 ;RS E ;J7UWi:8'> Y%R E ^;$ E vJ.W<M'+W<+e%:U7NC
I1 4`4 R$:G'M'._N#):G]NeK+#; E +eL;$+e%:G78>+R7 E '1);3eM. E C6= E8E i 5 78;>W+;
eT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM;7UWi:8'>].W<M'+W<>e:U; 5 5 7W<+ 5 ;$-RW W<]: 5 ; 5 YRVY%Re; 5
U9W<; 5 V@7 5 +R78-78> 5 e9N+7<e>e:878;- E :87GR:GR7U-; 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eMXC= T 5 g$ E :8
%&&=V 5 R E *vV%> EG5 RWW)]+: 5 ; 5)E vbU9Wi; 5 7U78> 5 e9N>7@ E 7 5 ;$RLS E ;$
>7: 5 eT 5 p{:8+78W<.eMk#eT 5
I
5 e E '_ prM 5 VeLT 5 g$ E :8# 5E8E ''M.K;;#;$#78: 5 7GeL7b}RW
5 e%: 5 e:8+78 5 7e>e:878;}<:G>e%:870RWi 5 R:G7U 5 tS>T 5 V 5 R E *vVZRWi 5 R$:878}7 5 ;$RS>T 5
Y%RJ 5%EGE )M.>17^ 5 78> 5 e9N'W)>e%: 5 ;)+e%:G7U;C
2 ReL; 5 e RWeT 5 pX:G+78W<.eLM+g E :G+W;.1+7 E E 5%EGEG 1+ E 7 5 ;$RS E E >7G>W E +RK; E V
5 eM. E ; 5 7 E .e%:8:GK 5 >78; 5 t+M 5 %I1 4`4 : 5 Wi E >W)7G}7G'W<+'78-+ E 7< 5 W
+e%:878;CF 5 W) 5 7G:8W<+e%: 5 pX;$7UT 5 ]b 5 e E K;$+7U7^L>e E RW EG W0 5 M 5 ;<>e:878;)7U
;$NK;$.7 E 5 + E W<+e%: 55 5 7G78 5 ReT 5 C 7 5 78Wi; 5 7) 5 ;$V` 5 78]+W}VMH:8+7U7i EGE
5 W< 5 7:UW<+e%: 5 ;$:8+78W<.ee; 5 M 5 LM'W)>e%:G3RW XH
e W<+7 5 ;H >7G>e:8); EG W3 5 M 5E(5 R E p
i i
i i
i i
^`gX X~ X6 W 7W ~ X ~X U =T^_ X:} X
: }
i i
TS
@ + @
1 xUG b` /
"
$
E +7> E ; 5%E L7U)Y%R0Y%R+M'b+W<.e9 5#E v E >RK; 5 C l E : 5 ] +.: 5 5 7W)> 5 ; 5 5 Wie; 5
aE\M\!]X ` C
]\cba [XTX7S
U
b[7S`\X[XS
`\X[7SX=^&S`Q_=a d7^`_7i '
\
& iS_f1Z3\7SZ)TXd:b[7S7h[
Q_h=_&]7_7hi\=[_iSb[7b=i `\X[7S
b[7S^S`Q_=a d^`_i ' U
b[7S[_iS7_=Ea `\X[7S7 |
a b
[_iS7_=Ea `\X[7S7=7^&S`Q_&a d^`_i ' b
d_S=7d=[X[_iS_&Ea `\=[7S
$;$' 5 E8EG5 +'; 5 JE 7 5 ;$RS E 5 ;$>W E >7<L>W W< E 5 W<M'g 5E C fZ5 ;p E }7Gp
SXd W`^&Sc`Q
>D7? HHD o C E p
Wi_>+e7 5 1M 5 7; 5%E : 5 >e E 78> 5 e9NK; 5E b 5 ;$+p E :8+7 :G]bW< E W 5 M 5 5E
5 W 5 +W%I1IC= 5 g$+W<M 5 E >R'7>VP E 7 5 ;RS E ; 5 eLT 5 pX:G>7GW<'eM
S=d
:A6cD% :o D&NO?
:8T 5 ;$>e%:G7 5 ;$RW Vd;$zW 5 ; 5 Y%R E M.RW+787 5&E 'e:U:8' 5&5 5 7G78+7RWi+g$+>S>T 5
]3MKeS>;% V 5 M 5 5 ; 5 `^&S`Qz]b+g NR$:U; 5 VP 5 W EGEG5 Vt 5 ;$+p E b'W)p
M'+W<+e%:U7bM'RW< E :878:G]+'};$i78>+Rt+7US+T 5 ;i+787 5%E C#= 5 5 Wie; 5 d_S=7d=[yVB;$+e%:G7 5
; 5 SXd V E 'e$ 5 78WiS E 5 M'9'; E e 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5iE T 5 R$:8.M''_>; E 7U3+7GK7FRW e<;)781 5 7G
E .e%:8:GK+C
_&S&Q\=a $ _`&h ^ \=aX_f:_S=Q\=aXaX_`&h _`\]7_d _&S S=Q7d\Y:i &^ di_
\
`_T7S:b\[ U
\&7_[S } [XhXh|
S ~ [XhXh
b[7S |
_&S&Q\=a \&a ^ \=aX_f[=chXh
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
!0/"+
i i
SXd
S } ^ R S } & ^ R#S } Q$
M^
a M ]
b ]
7X =
S ~ Q$
M^ ff:_&S=Q\&a&g\=a
d7_&S=7d=[[_Y7_&S=Q\=a $ _`&h ^ \=a7_ S } leS ~ f
`^&Sc`Q ^&di_
`_T7S:b\[_
`\[:if:_ [XS:bh O,_ f_&S=Q\=a=a7_`&h
d_&S=Xd=[[_Y_&S=Q\=a $ _`h ^ \=a7_ S } #eS ~ ,f
%I1I 4`4 nPLg
] 1+M[:8W3t]+W 5 5 78eN+7J;$'1>7 EG5E 78RW<+e%: 5E 7U#R E : 5 W<._N7 5
\ "\ ^
eLM' E ; 5 7 E .e%:U:GK 5 C? E8E E 78RW<>e: 5E 5 ;$>W E >7Z E8E ; 5E 7U 5 %I1I 4`4 5 eM. E 7
7UWi:GK+ 5 RQe 5 'e + 5 ; 5 7G78 5 7UY%R.1 5 ;7UWi:8'>V@e RWi E E8E T 5 C
k*vW 5E M'Re E g$+W<M 5E
AZ j
?@ eBk E :Ut+M'> 5 1M 5 7aM 5 LMB;$JM 5%5 9N; 5 W 5
n
m
mD Dal 4
7 5%E
:G78RIIM E b.eL;$'>
E :8:GK 5%E5 ReLT 5 C 465 W
E 5 eM' E ; 5 7
RWi-MK E8E ieT 5
E .e%:8:GK 5 +7U; 5 :G>78
E :8:GK+V 5 ;$+W)p E 78'73;$'1+7 E E
E +R E W)>W)p
XV
XH E RMK E C
l J=J(c`? 4 m ? :G78RNM E [.e;'> E ;$+1 'e 5 787F E ;$H >7G>eS+ E +e%:G78 M':878 E
Wi LH E RM' E W)'e
R$:G7 5 7 5 78Wi6L78>K; 5 ] 5 D`n %I1> D 78+ n R'MK;$+7 C?dM.6:8W3t]+W78]pr7 5 + E8E
z7UWi:8'>i>78e; 5 RW 7UY%R.1 5 Y%R<;$+1 E +7(:878:8; 5 t+M 5 %I1 4`4 iY%R) 5 e%:G]>W 5
$;$' 5 7U#78KS+T 5 ;7G1 5 78 E 'e%:8:8'>C(^M']+W;$ EGEG5 Vt>78# E +M' EGE E 5 7878 E 5 e;$+e%:8 E
5%E e E ;781 5 7G E 'e%:8:8'><RWi E ]>7G'<;$iMK E8E E Y%R<'W<M.>W<+e%:8 5 ;$7UT 5
78 E Jt+7U 5 7G78+7`<781 5 7GC
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
/
!0/"No
i i
TS
@ + @
1 xUG b` /
/
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
,
!0/">
i i
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
o
!0/"Iq
i i
Apndice C
Jasmin
E W<'e%I1I EGE +W0M'+7 l e%:G>7IZ]^RW 7 5 7UWiJY%R^t+78W<H:8b78KS+T 5 ;RW7Gp
Y%R'1 5 ;$@+M' EGE kI1aa7G:G'7;$kRW78Y%R'1 5 :G+g : 5 VNe 5 E :8.M 5 ;$kRWW 5 e%:8; 5 7y78a78Y%R.p
:G+:GR7U E :G7U;$K 5 eL E Cy?dM'a 5 W<e9L 5 M.'1 7 5 I1a'7G:GRMsU9.e@;$6 5 ebs+>7 D 7 5
5 ~`e.eV%RM''>; 5 c`+'M.M'Q7SXS=TVU6WXWYXYXYZ6\&d_cbhXh Z`\f:W`^&SX^7h&\W&X^]^]fPCy
t+MK)
E H:8&; 5 7 5 v*+: 5 % E W<.eVa;
5 eL;$ 5 7G+:G'78;,,Wi 5 77G:G&; E 'e$ 5 7GWiS E ;$ E :8
+ :GRM 5 ]Y=YXYVZ`^SZ)[ Z6_=a&Wf_ _dWX^i
fb'[yC
5 _++7 5 ; 5 ~`eM 5 ;i; 5 E W<'eBV 5 M'+.: 5 7 5 :G]+W RW78Y%R'1 5 5 W< :U; 5 5 W :GRL; 5
;$>e:87 5 VL+g$>R:8I1> E V 5 e%:GVtg$>W)M 5%E :UC n E :8i;$ E 5 W<:87^:8M78Y%R'1 5 0.e+M.R.7 5
+e
2
E +R E RP;$'7G+:G78 5 5 >W<.e9 5 ; R E >3;$(7 5 7UWi E ; 5)E >R E E :G>W< 5 t+7U+ 5 eML
Y%R E I67 5 e%: 5 C R E ( 5 78Y%R 5 7 5 7UWi]J E +7G.: 5 +WI1b;$>L>e;$b;$JRWi< s
780g$>+R$:8pXM 5 C
X^i
fb'[f bh&_eZ6X^i
5 WieL; 5 8
!0]VeLz1+7U;;VyRW7UYR.1 5 ;$ E 78'$:bYR)'e 1 5 + s 5 W
5E ;$+1 K; 5E 7GRW<+e%: 5%E 7Ug$>+R$:87,MK E8E
/ o
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
!0/">
i i
X^i
fb'[a Z=ZW`&h=^iXi_if bh&_eZ6
1k 5 M 5 >7 5 7UY%R'1 5 ;$ E ;;$>e%:G7 5 ; 5 ;$'7G+:G78 5 Q:
L
UV[78 E L>H:Ue; 5z5 ;$'78:G7G 5
Y%R78+7G E >e:U 5 5 :Gz;&MK E8E #>78;C fZ5 73g$>W)M 5 V E &MK E8E E +7)>78;}]
!l9&&&
=Lb|L V>e%:8T 5(5 7UY%R.1 5 ; E ; nb|L E +7U78I1; 5 e 5 ;$'78:G7G 5
Q:
L
Qc!l9&&&
= C
E 5 WieL; 5E e RW 5 e%:G E W<'e E T 5 ;$'1 ';$K; 5%E +W :87I E +:G+ 5 78' E
;.78:8.1 E m
'e E :G78RS E m
78:8RM 5E C
E ;$'78:G'1 E 5 78eN+W 'e$ 5 7GWiS EFE5 7G(0+M' EGE V e>W E >W<7G(78+MK 5 eL; E 5 W 5
$;$' 5 7 5 7GKW<>e:8^;$.: 5 Ck ;$>+M'78S+T 5 ;$ RWib;$'7G+:G'1.e'+'p E E +W<78 5 W 5 e 5 W<
;b;.78:8.1 E +R'; 5 ;^_+>7 55 R)Wi E 78RW<+e%: 5E C E ;$'7G+:G'1I E ++.:8 E L>M 5 E W<'e E T 5
ZhbfbSiS7^` }
ZhbfbSh=\`^7hi
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
%q-
!0/">
i i
YS
^ @ + @ xCU * /
%q
Y%RiK;$+e%:G >W 5 XH
e W<>7 5 Wig$'W 5 ;$i 5E KS E ;}.M'9;$i+g NRS>T 5 5 XH
e W<+7 5 ;$
178'I1+ E M 5 > E Y%R 5 W<]+: 5 ; 5 R$:8.M''_>CZ?dW7:8'+RMK7NV;$>e:87 5 ;RWW<]: 5 ; 5 V78>+ 5
E +Re; 5 :G' 5 ;$` 5 Wie; 5 Y%R E T 5 E 'e E :87GRLS E C?@M' E E L>M.9W E 'e E :G78RS E ; eK; E
78-(s,CZ E >Y=kI>eK>WY%R E .e E :87GRS E 7GN+We 5 7UYR.1 5 pX 5 e%:G#% E W<.e
P
78 +:Gi E >Y =kI>eK}Y%Ri E .e E :87GRS EE +7UT 5 +7U; E e 5 7G7UI;$< :8 E ; 5 78Y%R'1 5 ;$
MK E8E C E e 5 W) E +.: 5%E t+M 5 % E W<.e E T 5 Y%R>M. E R$:8.M'._N; 5%E eL&;$ eKS+T 5 ;& sV
E8E .W 5 W 5)5E 78W)+:G7 5E Y%R+;).e E :G78RS>T 5 5 ;$b+.:87>CZ?kg$>W)M 5%E ;$.e E :87GRS E
h ac` `_7hXh=\d_\&dh&a
b=b[:` } }
g:bTX:iQ }
? 5 HMH:8.W 5 :G' 5 ;$ 5 WieL; 5 ++.: 5-E T 5&5E 78:8RM 5E C?dM' E)E T 5 :8W3t]+WR$:G'M'._N; 5%E
E +W<78@;$+e%:87 5 ;$@W)]+: 5 ; 5%E E +781>W78aK;$+e%:8 >7 5 e: 5E E t> H 5E ;$ E M 5 +W)>e%: 5E
;$>e:87 5 ; 5 7G7UIi;$ :8 E Y%R 5 W< b+;0W)]+: 5 ; 5 C f[5 7`g$+W<M 5
hac` `_7hXh=\d_\&dh&a
a ^g_7h } U
b=b[:` } }
g:bTX:iQ }
=^ E :8> EG5 V 5 7G:GRM 5 a ^g_Xh } U0K;$>e:8 + 5 ;$ E M 5 +W<>e: 5 ;$>e:87 5 ; 5 7G7UI;- %:G E
; 5 W)]+: 5 ; 55 e; E z'eKK 5 $;$' 5 ;-'e E :87GRLS+T 5 +C E 78:8RM 5E3E T 5 H$:G> E Y%Re; 5
R$:8.M'._N; 5%E V$ 5 7`+g$+W<M 5 V 5 W 5 M.1 5 ;b 5 Wie; 5E ;$b; E 1% 5 5 W 5
b7_ a ^g_7h }
h ac`
h=\=X[aX\
7\&S\ a ^g_7h ~
a ^g_7h } U
hac` `_7hXh=\d_\&dh&a
a ^g_7h ~ U
^d_&S=7d&[
'1>7 E EF5 R$:G7U E >7U :8+7 ' E G
: K+ E 5 ;$+W E >7`;$ e'; E 78)<MK E8E V 5 W 5
EGE8EG5 +'S+T 5 ;RWe W<+7 5 XH ;$ M.'e90; 5 $;$' 5 p{ 5 e%:G 5 W RWM 5 5 ;$ .e E :G78RS E
5 7W)> 5 ;<;$'78:G'1 Z6hb[_cm
; eKS+T 5 ;$0RW e 5 W<07UiRWii178KI1+MM 5 +Me RW;$+:G>7GW<'e; 5 :G78>U9 5 ; 5 p
;. 5 V$ 5 7`W<+ 5 ;<;$'7G+:G'1I Z ]^&dm
; eKS+T 5 ;$#RWi;$+:G>7GW<'e;}'e E :G78RS+T 5 5 W 5 RW 8= 9XG$ XL
78};$+p
:8+78W<.e; 5 M 5 5 ;$b$;$' 5 5 7^W<+ 5 ;<;$.78:8.1 (`^&Sc`QyC
E8E 'W}V 5 % E W<.e] RWi0 +787UW<+e%:8b E :8e:8 'e%:G>7G EGE e%:G 78> 5 W<+e;p E (bM'+.:GR7U
Wi E +R';; 5%E #;; 5 RW)>e%:8S>T 5 e 5E .:G); 5 7 5 v*: 5 C^?kg$ E :8+W 'e;M'RWi E5 R$:878 E
+787UW<+e%:8 E YR` 5 ;$>W'e:8+7U.7d 5 W 5 % E W<.eBCO 5 + EG5 V 5 7dg$+W<M 5 V; 5 |L7
i i
i i
i i
+
%&
-/
!0/%
i i
Y%R<]iRW ; E E8E >W3M'+7;$#78Y%R'1 5%E ;#MK E8E C)?@M.i 5 ;$i7 5 ;R_+'7b7UY%R.1 5E :G+g%: 5 Ve 5
5 78Wi: 5 ;$ eK; 5 t+M 5 % E W<.eVP7G:G'7J;$0RW 7UYR.1 5 ;$<MK E8E C |L7 } 5 ;$
E +7`+eL 5 e%:878; 5 >W;$'1>7 EG5EaE H:8 E ;$b; 5 ~`eM 5 ;#78:G E e l e%:G+78e+:>V 5 W 5 V$ 5 7`g$>W)M 5 C
Q7SXS&TVUWXWY=YXYVZ)T\dXS^Xh&=^&]X^eZ`\fC
i i
i i