FIRST QUARTER
1. These are tiny sacs in the lungs through which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
takes place.
A) cilia B) alveoli C) bronchi D) breathing
2. The mechanical process of moving air into and out of the lungs; also called ventilation.
A) breathing B) alveoli C) cilia D) respiration
3. Tiny hairlike extensions of cells that line the respiratory tract. They move in a wavelike
fashion to help eliminate dust and germs from the body.
A) bronchi B) breathing C) alveoli D) cilia
4. A group of specialized cells in the right atrium of the heart that establish the basic rhythm of
the heartbeat.
A) valve B) atrium C) pacemaker D) ventricle
5. Risk factors for high blood pressure include all of these EXCEPT
A) Obesity B) Exercise C) Excess cholesterol D) Smoking
6. Oxygen-poor (carbon dioxide-rich) blood from the body returns to the heart's
A) left atrium B) right ventricle C) left ventricle D) right atrium
8. The primary goal of cellular respiration is to release this from digested nutrients.
A) Energy B) Carbon Dioxide C) Sugar D) Water
16. Identify the correct order of organization of genetic material, from largest to smallest.
A) Genome, chromosome, gene, nucleotide
B) Gene, chromosome, nucleotide, genome
C) Chromosome, gene, genome, nucleotide
D) Chromosome, genome, nucleotide, gene
17. A gene:
A) Can be described as a unit of heredity.
B) Contains information to produce a particular protein.
C) Affects traits at the cellular level.
D) Can exist in many forms.
E) All of the above.
19. Which of the following is NOT a trait that is the result of, or is affected by, the interaction of more
than one gene?
A) human skin color
B) cleft palate
C) height
D) sickle cell anemia
E) human eye color
20. The location on a chromosome where a particular gene is located is known as the:
A) allele
B) dihybrid
C) locus
D) diploid
E) autosome
21. What is a major cause of variation within a species?
A .sexual reproduction C.extinction
B .asexual reproduction D. photosynthesis
22. In which population would you expect the most rapid evolutionary change?
A .A small population with a high mutation rate in a changing environment.
B .A small population with a low mutation rate in a stable environment.
C. A large population with a high mutation rate in a changing environment.
D. A large population with a low mutation rate in a stable environment.
23. One way to increase the number of organisms in an endangered species is to let the few remaining
individuals of that species breed. However, this breeding may also lead to species extinction because
inbreeding over a short period of time may
A. reduce genetic diversity
B .increase beneficial mutations
C. produce a different species
D. increase fertility
24. What percentage of all living species will go extinct within the next 20 to 50 years from human
activities if steps are not taken to conserve species?
26. An endangered species is _____________ that will become extinct if nothing is done to stop the
cause of its decline.
a. any species of animal
b. any species of plant
c. any species of animal, plant, or other living thing
d. none of the above
27. What are the greatest problems facing plants, animals, and people?
a. habitat destruction
b. illegal hunting
c. introducing new species that can cause problems
d. all of the above
28. The region with the highest number of endemic species overall is
A) Philippines
B) Madagascar
C) Brazil
D) S.W. Australia
29. The most pervasive form of habitat disruption is
A) urban development
B) clear-cutting forests
C) grazing
D) industrial development
30. Categories of species vulnerable to extinction include all of the following except those that