7/27/2016

RAINWATER HARVESTIN SYSTEM

COMPONENTS
Ir Hj Ismail Abd Rahman
Civil Engineering & Structural Branch
Public Works Department

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

COMPONENTS OF RWH

Roof Catchment: Roof Surface

Conveyance: gutter & RWDP
Filtration: First Flush Diverter & Leaf Filter
Storage: storage tank
Distribution Pipe
Purification: Sand Filter,
Pumps (if required)
Water Top up

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TYPICAL RWH SCHEMATIC

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

RAINWATER HARVESTING COMPONENTS

Rounded Polyethylene Tank

Conveyance Layout
for Rainwater Harvesting System
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2 7
Section of Conveyance Layout
for Rainwater Harvesting System

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RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

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ROOF CATCHMENT
The design approach for roof drainage is to
determine the layout and catchment area
Roof Coefficient (C) is different depend on the
material
Asbestos roof materials is not recommended
Lead materials in any form should not be used in
the system

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

ROOF COEFFICIENCY
Roof Coefficient (C) is different depend on the
material
It is impossible to collect every drop of rain
that falls.
Light rainfall will only wet the surface and
then evaporate
Heavy rainfall can overflow from the gutter
More water loss if roof is flat
Roof material absorbs some water
Evaporation losses

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

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ROOF COEFFICIENCY

CONVEYANCE

Gutters are used to convey water from the roof to pipes to the
RWH tank
Gutter convey water through rain water down pipe (RWDP)
Rainwater may also collect from the surface via on site
detention system
Gutter and RWDP drawing refer to Architect detail

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

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GUTTER & RWDP DESIGN

Gutter and RWDP sizing can be refer to Chapter 4

: MSMA 2nd Edition
Design approach is to determine the size of
components based on the roof area and rainfall
intensity
RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

GUTTER & RWDP DESIGN

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

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LEAF FILTER
Prevents debris
from entering the
rainwater
harvesting tank
Improves water
quality
Reduces tank
maintenance

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

LEAF FILTER

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FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER

The first line of defense against these
contaminants getting into rainwater tank is
a First Flush Diverter
Preventing the first water, which may
contain roof contaminants (such as
sediment, bird droppings, spiders, insects,
mosquito eggs and debris), from entering
the tank.
To improve water quality and reduce tank
maintenance

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER

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FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER

FIRST FLUSH DIVERTER

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RWH TANK
Rainwater tanks may be provided to collect
rainwater from roof and gutter systems.
These tanks can be used to:
a) provide water for non potable uses
b) on-site detention storage
Tank material can be type of :-
HDPE
Poly Tank
Steel Tank
FRP
Reinforced Concrete

RWH TANK

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ABOVE GROUND RWH TANK

ABOVE GROUND RWH TANK

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BELOW GROUND RWH TANK

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

UNDERGROUND OSD INTEGRATED WITH

RWHS

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GRAVITY FED SYSTEM

water collected in storage tank and fed by gravity
to the points of use

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

INDIRECT FED SYSTEM

water collected in storage tank, pumped to
an elevated cistern and fed by gravity to the points of
use

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

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DIRECT PUMP SYSTEM

water collected in storage tank and pumped
directly to points of use

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

WATER BACKUP FROM MAIN SUPPLY

Water backup from main supply/domestic tank

shall take place whenever the rainwater tank is
empty
Shall equipped with one way non return valve
system or
The overflow pipe in the rainwater tank is
located at least 225 mm lower from the inlet
public supply

RAINWATER HARVESTIN SYSTEM

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RWH FILTER
Rainwater filter improve the quality of the water by
removing all the sediment , dirt etc.
Can be separate from a tank sand filter
Can be installed underground external filter

WATER FILTER (SAND FILTER)

Sand Filter will minimize the extent of dissolved chemicals from dust,
pollution and roofing material

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SAND FILTER

The filter size shall be determined

by flow rate of the rainwater
intended uses (litre/hour)

EXTERNAL FILTER

External Filter function is to remove

the sediment from entering into the
tank

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PUMPS
Pumps needs to lift
rainwater from lower to
higher level & boosting
the pressure
Type of pump suitable for
various conditions of use
booster, submersible
etc
Pumps need to calculate
the flow rate and
pressure head required
Pump size and
specification shall refer to
mechanical drawing

Thank You..

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