Current
Unit measurement of current is ampere (A)
Current is measured using ammeter. Ammeter need to be connected in series in an
electrical circuit.
Flow of current will only exist if there is voltage between the two points.
Voltage
Unit measurement for voltage is volt (V).
Voltage is measured using voltmeter. Voltmeter need to be connected in parallel in the
circuit.
Resistance
Unit for resistance is Ohm ().
There is no specific device needed to measure resistance. Resistance can be known from
the value of voltage and current in the circuit.
As resistance increase, electric current flowing through a circuit decreases.
Rheostat: apparatus to vary resistance. It can be used to control electric current in a
circuit.
Resistance of wire depends on the length, diameter, type of metal and temperature.
Resistance increase when:
Length increase.
Diameter decrease.
Temperature increase.
3.0 Relationship between current, voltage and resistance.
=
=
= ( )
Ohms Law: Current is directly proportional to the voltage for fixed resistance in series
circuit.
Current is inversely proportional to the resistance for a fixed voltage.
4.0 Concept of Parallel & Series circuit
There are two types of electric circuits:
a) Series Circuit
Electromagnetism in solenoid:
o Solenoid electrical conductor wound as cylindrical coil.
o When current flow through it it acts as bar magnet.
o The magnetic field of solenoid follows the magnetic field of bar magnet.
The strength of a solenoid magnetic field can be increased by
o increasing the number of turns in the coiled wire.
o Inserting a laminated iron bar into the solenoid.
o Increasing the current flow.
Electromagnets are used in loud speakers, electric bells, telephone receivers and telegraph
machines.
Electromagnets are more suitable in many devices compared to permanent magnets because of
the temporary properties.
Class:_____________________________________________
Definition
Measuring
instrument
Symbol
Unit
Simple circuit
Resistance of wire
depends on:
Method of *
connection *
*
*
Series Circuit Difference in term Parallel Circuit
Method of connection
Number of channels
Amount of current
Amount of voltage
Amount of resistance
Lifespan
Current
Determine the following quantities for each of the two circuits shown below
a.
b.