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"PAF" redirects here. For other uses, see PAF (disambiguation).

The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) (Urdu: Pk Fiziyah, Urdu: [pk Pakistan Air Force
Main page fzj], reporting name: PAF) is the aerial warfare branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces,
Contents tasked primarily with the aerial defence of Pakistan, with a secondary role of providing air
Featured content support to the Pakistan Army and the Pakistan Navy. The PAF also has a tertiary role of
Current events
providing strategic air transport and logistics capability to Pakistan. The PAF employs
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approximately 65,000 full-time personnel (including approximately 3,000 pilots) and
Wikipedia store currently operates 961 aircraft.[2]

Its primary mandate and mission is "to provide, in synergy with other inter-services, the most
Interaction
efficient, assured and cost effective aerial Defence of Pakistan." Since its establishment in
Help
1947, the PAF has been involved in various combat operations, providing aerial support
About Wikipedia
Community portal to InterServices's operations and relief efforts.[3] Under the Article 243 , the Constitution
Recent changes of Pakistan appoints the President of Pakistan as the civilian Commander-in-Chief.
Contact page The Chief of Air Staff (CAS), by statute a four-star air chief marshal, is appointed by Pakistan Air Force emblem

the President with the consultation and confirmation needed from the Prime Minister of Founded 14 August 1947
Tools
Pakistan.[4] The Pakistan Air Force is currently commanded by Air Chief Marshal Sohail Country Pakistan
What links here
Aman.[5] Role Air force
Related changes
Size 65,000 full-time personnel
Upload file Contents (including 3,000 pilots)
Special pages
1 History 10,000 reservists
Permanent link
1.1 1959 Indian aerial intrusion 961 aircraft
Page information
1.2 1965 India-Pakistan War Part of Pakistan Armed Forces
Wikidata item
1.3 1971 India-Pakistan War Air Air Headquarters
Cite this page
Headquarters Islamabad, Pakistan
1.4 1973 Arab-Israeli 'Yom Kippur' War
Print/export Nickname(s) PAF

Create a book
1.5 19791988 Soviet-Afghan War
1.6 19902001
Motto(s) Urdu:
Download as PDF English: A symbol of pride for the
1.7 2008 air alert nation
Printable version
1.8 2011 Abbottabad Operation Anniversaries Air Force Day: September 7
In other projects 1.9 2001present Counter-insurgency operations in northwest Pakistan Engagements Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, 1965
Wikimedia Commons 2 Structure Rann of Kutch Skirmishes, Indo-
2.1 Commands Pakistani War of 1965, Six-Day
Languages War, Indo-Pakistani War of
2.2 Bases
Afrikaans 1971, Yom Kippur War, Soviet war
2.3 Rank structure in Afghanistan, 1999 Kargil

3 Personnel Conflict, 200102 IndiaPakistan
Espaol
3.1 List of Air Chiefs standoff, War in North-West
Esperanto
Pakistan
3.2 Serving Air Marshals
Website paf.gov.pk
Franais 3.3 Awards for valour
Bahasa Indonesia Commanders
3.4 Special Forces
Italiano Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Sohail Aman
3.5 Women in the PAF
Notable Air Chf Mrshl Anwar Shamim
3.6 Religious Minorities in the PAF
Commanders Air Mrshl Nur Khan
Bahasa Melayu 4 Inventory
Insignia
4.1 Combat aircraft
Roundel
4.2 Special mission aircraft
Polski 4.3 Transport aircraft
Portugus 4.4 Aerial refueling aircraft

4.5 Air defence systems
Simple English Fin flash
4.6 Drone technology
Trke
4.7 Modernisation and acquisitions
4.7.1 Planned acquisitions
Edit links Aircraft flown
5 Exercises
Attack Mirage 5[1]
6 Involvement in Pakistani society
Electronic Falcon DA-20, Saab 2000
7 In popular Pakistani culture
warfare Erieye, ZDK-03 (AEW)
8 See also
Fighter F-16A/B/C/D, JF-17
9 References F-7P/PG
10 External links Helicopter Alouette III, Mi-171
Reconnaissance Mirage IIIRP, Falco
UAV, Jasoos II Bravo+
History Trainer FT-5, K-8P, MFI-17, MFI-395, C-
12, T-37
1959 Indian aerial intrusion Transport Boeing 707, Airbus A310, C-

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On 10 April 1959, on the occasion of the Islamic Eid ul-Fitr festival holiday in Pakistan, 130B/E/L, CN-235, Saab
an Indian Air Force(IAF) English Electric Canberra B(I)58 of No. 106 Squadron entered 2000Harbin Y-12

Pakistani airspace on a photo reconnaissance mission. Two PAF F-86F Sabres (Flt. Lt. M. Tanker Ilyushin Il-78

N. Butt (leader) and Flt. Lt. M. Yunis) of No. 15 Squadron on Air Defence Alert (ADA) were
scrambled from Sargodha Air Base to intercept the IAF aircraft. Butt attempted to bring down the Canberra by firing his Sabre's machine guns,
but the Canberra was flying at an altitude of more than 50,000 feet beyond the operational ceiling of the F-86F. When Yunis took over from his
leader, the Canberra suddenly lost height while executing a turn over Rawalpindi. Yunis fired a burst that struck the Canberra at an altitude of
47,500 feet and brought it down over Rawat, near Rawalpindi. Marking the first aerial victory of the PAF . Both crew members of the IAF
Canberra, ejected and were captured by Pakistani authorities and were subsequently released after remaining in detention for some time.[6]

1965 India-Pakistan War

Main article: Indo-Pakistani War of 1965

The PAF fleet at the time consisted of 12 F-104 Starfighters, some 120 F-86 Sabres and around 20 B-57 Canberra bombers.[7] The PAF claims
to have had complete air superiority over the battle area from the second day of operations.[8] While, Air Chief Marshal Arjan Singh of the Indian
Air Force claimed, despite been qualitative inferior, IAF achieved air superiority in three days in the 1965 War[9]

Many publications have credited the PAF's successes to U.S. equipment, claiming it to be superior to the aircraft operated by the IAF and giving
the PAF a "qualitative advantage". However some Pakistanis refute this argument. As per them, the IAF's MiG-21, Hawker Hunter and Folland
Gnat aircraft had better performance than the PAF's F-86 fighters.[10] According to Air Cdre (retired) Sajad Haider, the F-86 Sabre was inferior in
both power and speed to the IAF's Hawker Hunter.[10][11][12][13]

According to Air Commodore (retired) Sajjad Haider who flew with No. 19 squadron, the F-104 Starfighter did not deserve its reputation as "the
pride of the PAF" because it "was unsuited to the tactical environment of the region. It was a high-level interceptor designed to neutralize Soviet
strategic bombers in altitudes above 40,000 feet." Nevertheless, the IAF is believed to have feared the Starfighter[14] although, it was not as
effective as the IAF's Folland Gnat.[15] According to Indian sources, the F-86F performed reasonably well against the IAF Hawker Hunters but not
as well against the Folland Gnat, which was nicknamed Sabre Slayerby the IAF.[16][17]

According to Indian sources most aircraft losses of IAF were on ground while PAF lost most in aerial combat.[18] Even though the IAF flew a
larger offensive air campaign by devoting 40% of its air effort to offensive air support alone, according to Indian sources the majority of its losses
came from aircraft destroyed on the ground through PAF air strikes.[18] The PAF had achieved far more in terms of enemy aircraft destroyed on
the ground but without doubt,the IAF had achieved much more in the close support role.[18]

The two countries have made contradictory claims of combat losses during the war and few neutral sources have verified the claims of either
country. The PAF claimed it shot down 104 IAF planes and lost 19 of its own, while the IAF claimed it shot down 73 PAF planes and lost
59.[19] According to the independent sources, the PAF lost some 20 aircraft while the Indians lost 6075.[20][21] Despite the intense fighting, the
conflict was effectively a stalemate.[22]

1971 India-Pakistan War

Main articles: Bangladesh Liberation War and Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

By late 1971, the intensification of the independence movement in erstwhile East Pakistan lead to
the Bangladesh Liberation Warbetween India and Pakistan .[23] On 22 November 1971, 10 days before
the start of a full-scale war, four PAF F-86 Sabrejets attacked Indian and Mukti Bahini positions
at Garibpur, near the international border. Two of the four PAF Sabres were shot down and one
damaged by the IAF's Folland Gnats.[24] On 3 December, India formally declared war against Pakistan
following massive preemptive strikes by the PAF against Indian Air Force installations in Srinagar,
Ambala, Sirsa, Halwara and Jodhpur. However, the IAF did not suffer significantly because the
leadership had anticipated such a move and precautions were taken.[25] The Indian Air Force was quick
to respond to Pakistani air strikes, following which the PAF carried out mostly defensive sorties.[26]
PAF B-57 Canberra bombers lined
Hostilities officially ended at 14:30 GMT on 17 December, after the fall of Dacca on 15 December. The up at an airbase.
PAF flew about 2,840 sorties and destroyed 45 IAF aircraft while Pakistan lost 75 aircraft.[27]

1973 Arab-Israeli 'Yom Kippur' War

Main article: Yom Kippur War

During the war, sixteen Pakistan Air Force pilots volunteered to leave for the Middle East in order to support Egypt and Syria but by the time they
arrived Egypt had already agreed on a cease-fire. Syria remained in a state of war against Israel so the PAF pilots became instructors there and
formed the A-flight of 67 Squadron at Dumayr AB. One of the PAF pilots, Flt. Lt. Sattar Alvi flying a MiG-21 shot down an Israeli Air Force Mirage
and was honoured by the Syrian government.[28][29][30]

19791988 Soviet-Afghan War

Main articles: Soviet war in Afghanistan, Soviet-Afghan War, and Air Force Strategic Command (Pakistan)

In 1979, the PAF's Chief of Air Staff, Air Chief MarshalAnwar Shamim, was told by then President, and Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq,
that Pakistan had reliable intels on Indian plans to attack and destroy the Pakistan's nuclear research facilities at Kahuta. ACM Shamim told
General Zia that, "Indian aircraft could reach the area in 3 minutes whereas the PAF would take 8 minutes, allowing the Indians to attack the
facility and return before the PAF could defend it". Because Kahuta was close to the Indian border it was decided that the best way to deter an
Indian attack would be to procure new advanced fighters and weaponry. These could be used to mount a retaliatory attack on India's nuclear
research facilities at Trombay in the event of an Indian attack on Kahuta. It was decided the most suitable aircraft would be the F-16 Fighting
Falcon, which the United States eventually agreed to supply after the PAF refused to purchase the F-5E and F-5G. In 1983, when the first batch

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of F-16s reached Pakistan, ACM Shamim informed Zia of the PAF's capability to respond to an attack on the nuclear research facilities at
Kahuta.[31][32]

A letter of agreement for up to 28 F-16A's and 12 F-16B's was signed December 1981. The contracts, Peace Gate I and Peace Gate II, were for
6 and 34 Block 15 models respectively which would be powered by the F100-PW-200 engine. The fist Peace Gate Iaircraft was accepted at Fort
Worth in October 1982. Two F-16A and four F-16B were delivered to Pakistan in 1983, the first F-16 arriving at PAF Base Sargodha(now known
as PAF Base Mushaf) on 15 January 1983 flown by Squadron Leader Shahid Javed. The 34 remaining Peace Gate II aircraft were delivered
between 1983 and 1987.[33][34]

Between May 1986 and November 1988,[35] PAF F-16s have shot down at least eight intruders from Afghanistan. The first three of these (one
Su-22, one probable Su-22, and one An-26) were shot down by two pilots from No. 9 Squadron. Pilots of No. 14 Squadron destroyed the
remaining five intruders (two Su-22s, two MiG-23s, and one Su-25).[36] Most of these kills were by the AIM-9 Sidewinder, but at least one (a Su-
22) was destroyed by cannon fire. Flight Lieutenant Khalid Mahmoud is credited with three of these kills. One F-16 was lost in these battles
during an encounter between two F-16s and four Soviet Air Force MiG 23s on 29 April 1987. The pilot, Flight Lieutenant Shahid Sikandar Khan,
ejected safely.[37]

The PAF is believed to have evaluated the Dassault Mirage 2000 in early 1981 and was planning to evaluate the F-16 Fighting
Falcon afterwards.[38]

19902001
Pakistan Air Force
After the Pressler amendment was passed, the U.S. placed sanctions and an arms embargo on Pakistan on 6
October 1990 due to the country's continued nuclear weapons programme. All eleven Peace Gate III F-16s,
along with 7 F-16A and 10 F-16B of the 60 Peace Gate IV F-16s, which had been built by the end of 1994 were
embargoed and put into storage in the United States.[33][34]

Desperate for a new high-tech combat aircraft, between late 1990 and 1993 the PAF evaluated the
European Panavia Tornado MRCA (multi-role combat aircraft) and rejected it. The Mirage 2000E and an offer
History
from Poland for the supply of MiG-29 and Su-27 were also considered but nothing materialised. In 1992 the PAF History of the PAF
again looked at the Mirage 2000, reviving a proposal from the early 1980s to procure around 2040 aircraft, but Aircraft
Air Force weaponry
again a sale did not occur because France did not want to sell a fully capable version due to political reasons. In
Units and infrastructure
August 1994 the PAF was offered the Saab JAS-39 Gripen by Sweden, but again the sale did not occur because Air Headquarters
20% of the Gripen's components were from the U.S. and Pakistan was still under U.S. sanctions.[39] Pakistan Air Force Squadrons
Air Force Bases
In mid-1992 Pakistan was close to signing a contract for the supply of 40 Dassault Mirage 2000, equipped with Special Services Wing
Air Force Strategic Command
Thomson-CSF RDM/7 radars, from France.[40] Personnel
Chief of Air Staff
In mid-1994 it was reported that the Russian manufacturers Sukhoi and Mikoyan were offering the Su-27 and Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee
MiG-29.[41] But Pakistan was later reported to be negotiating for supply of the Dassault Mirage 2000- Other information
Air Force Educational System
5.[42] French and Russian teams visited Pakistan on 27 November 1994 and it was speculated that interest in the
Air intelligence
Russian aircraft was to pressure France into reducing the price of the Mirage 2000. Stated requirement was for
up to 40 aircraft.[43]

2008 air alert

After the 2008 Mumbai attacks, PAF was put on high alert. It deployed to all its wartime locations and started combat air patrols. The speed and
intensity of the deployment and PAF's readiness took the Indian Army High Command by surprise and later reports suggest was the main factor
in the Indian decision of not going for cross border raids inside Pakistan.[44][45] PAF was issued a Standing Order to launch an immediate
counter-attack in case of an air attack from India, after a call from the Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee to the Pakistani President Asif
Ali Zardari(the call later turned out to be a hoax).[44][45][46][47][48]

2011 Abbottabad Operation

An initial investigation report revealed that the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) reported the movement of some half-a-dozen planes near the Jalalabad
border at 11 pm before the US helicopters entered Abbottabad to kill Osama bin Laden. "One aircraft was identified as a US AWACS and the
remaining five were recognised as F-18 jets of the US. These planes flew near the Pakistani border, but did not cross into the airspace of
Pakistan,"[49]

On detection of intrusion, PAF jets on air defence alert were scrambled and the PAF immediately took adequate operational measures as per
standard operating procedure. The PAF aircraft continued their presence in Abbottabad area until early morning and later returned to their air
bases.[50]

2001present Counter-insurgency operations in northwest Pakistan

See also: War in North-West Pakistan

The Pakistan Armyfaced several problems during its 2009 offensive against the Taliban in north-
west Pakistan. Hundreds of thousands of Pakistanis vacated the area when the offensive was
announced and, eventually, over 2 million had to be accommodated in refugee camps. The
offensive was to be completed as quickly as possible to allow the refugees to return to their homes
but the army's fleet attack helicopters were not sufficient to provide adequate support to the infantry.
The PAF was sent into action against the Taliban to make up for the lack of helicopter gunships.
Because the PAF was trained and equipped to fight a conventional war, a new "counter-terrorist
doctrine" had to be improvised.[51]

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The PAF's Saffron Bandit 2009/2010 exercise focused on extensive training of combat personnel to Pakistani air force Mirage III aircraft
undertake COIN operations. New equipment was inducted to improve the PAF's joint intelligence, drops two 500-pound bombs during Falcon
Air Meet 2010 at Azraq Royal Jordanian Air
surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities. A C-130 transport aircraft was indigenously Base in Azraq, Jordan.
modified for day/night ISR operations.[51][52]

Use of laser-guided bombs was increased to 80% of munitions used, as compared to 40% in the
previous 2008 Bajaur campaign. A small corps of ground spotters were trained and used by the PAF, in addition to PA spotters, to identify high-
value targets.[53]

Prior to the PA's offensive into South Waziristan the PAF attacked militant infrastructure with 500 lb and 2000 lb bombs.[53]

A number of civilian deaths occurred during PAF air strikes on 10 April 2010 in the Khyber tribal region. According to a Pakistani military source,
the first bombing was targeted at a gathering of militants in a compound. Local people, who had quickly moved onto the scene to recover the
dead and wounded, were then killed during a second air strike. There was no confirmed death toll but at least 30 civilian deaths had occurred
according to the military source, whereas a local official stated at least 73 locals, including women and children, were killed.[54] A six-member
committee of tribal elders from the area, tasked with finding the exact number of civilian casualties, reported that 61 civilians were killed and 21
wounded. This was not confirmed by military or political leaders but Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff, General Ashfaq Kayani, gave a public apology
on 17 April.[55][56] It is reported that BBC news and several other media correspondences were not allowed to take interviews from injured which
makes the whole episode more mysterious.[57]

Structure
Commands
Air Force Strategic Command (AFSC), Islamabad
Northern Air Command (NAC), Peshawar
Central Air Command (CAC), Lahore
Southern Air Command (SAC), Karachi
Air Defence Command (ADC), Rawalpindi

Bases
Main article: List of Pakistan Air Force bases

The PAF has a total of 18 air bases, comprising 11 flying bases and 7 non-flying bases. Flying bases are operational bases from which aircraft
operate during peacetime and wartime; whereas non-flying bases conduct either training, administration, maintenance, or mission support.[58]

Flying bases Non-flying bases

PAF Base PAF Base Korangi
Mushaf(Sargodha) Creek (Karachi)
PAF Base PAF Base
Masroor(Karachi) Malir(Karachi)
PAF Base PAF Base
Rafiqui(Shorkot) Kohat(Kohat)
PAF Base PAF Base
Peshawar(Peshawar) Lahore(Lahore)
PAF Base PAF Base
Samungli(Quetta) Sakesar(Sakesar)
PAF Base M.M. PAF Base Lower
Alam(Mianwali) Topa(Murree)
PAF Base PAF Base
Minhas(Kamra) Kalabagh(Nathia Gali)
PAF Base Nur
Khan(Rawalpindi)
PAF Base
Faisal(Karachi)
PAF Base Risalpur
(Pakistan Air Force
Academy) (Risalpur)
PAF Base
Shahbaz(Jacobabad)

Rank structure
Main article: Air Force Ranks of Pakistan
Structure of the Commissioned officer rank of the Pakistan Air Force
Pay grade O-10 O-9 O-8 O-7 O-6 O-5 O-4 O-3 O-2 O-1

Insignia

Air Chief Air Air-vice Air- Group- Wing- Squadron Flight Flying Pilot
Title
Marshal Marshal Marshal Commodore Captain Commander Leader Lieutenant Officer Officer
Abbreviation ACM AM AVM Air Cdre Gp Capt Wg Cdr Sqn Ldr Ft Lt F Off P Off
NATO Code OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1
Rank 4-star Air 3-star Air- 2-star Air- 1-star

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Hierarchy Marshal Marshall Marshal Officer
Structure of the Enlisted rank of the Pakistan Air Force
Pay grade OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1 OR-1

Insignia

Chief Assistant
Warrant Chief Senior Corporal Junior Senior Leading
Title Warrant Warrant Aircraftman
Officer Technician Technician Technician Technician Aircraftman Aircraftman
Officer Officer
Abbreviation CWO WO AWO Chf Tech Snr Tech Cpl Tech Jnr Tech SAC LAC AC
NATO Code OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1 OR-1
Civilians

Civilian Gazetted Officer

Stenographer
Stenotypist
Storeman
Clerk

Personnel
List of Air Chiefs
Main article: Chief of Air Staff (Pakistan)

1. Air Vice Marshal Allan Perry-Keene (15 August 1947 17 February 1949)
2. Air Vice Marshal Richard Atcherley (18 February 1949 6 May 1951)
3. Air Vice Marshal Leslie William Cannon (7 May 1951 19 June 1955)
4. Air Vice Marshal Arthur McDonald (20 June 1955 22 July 1957)
5. Air Marshal Asghar Khan (23 July 1957 22 July 1965)
6. Air Marshal Nur Khan (23 July 1965 31 August 1969)
7. Air Marshal Abdul Rahim Khan (1 September 1969 2 March 1972)
8. Air Marshal Zafar Chaudhry (3 March 1972 15 April 1974)
9. Air Chief Marshal Zulfiqar Ali Khan (16 April 1974 22 July 1978)
10. Air Chief Marshal Anwar Shamim (23 July 1978 5 March 1985)
11. Air Chief Marshal Jamal A. Khan (6 March 1985 8 March 1988)
12. Air Chief Marshal Hakimullah (9 March 1988 9 March 1991)
13. Air Chief Marshal Farooq Feroze Khan (9 March 1991 8 November 1994)
14. Air Chief Marshal Abbas Khattak (8 November 1994 7 November 1997)
15. Air Chief Marshal Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi (7 November 1997 20 November 2000)
16. Air Chief Marshal Mushaf Ali Mir (20 November 2000 20 February 2003)
17. Air Chief Marshal Kaleem Saadat (18 March 2003 18 March 2006)
18. Air Chief Marshal Tanvir Mahmood Ahmed (18 March 2006 18 March 2009)
19. Air Chief Marshal Rao Qamar Suleman (19 March 2009 19 March 2012)
20. Air Chief Marshal Tahir Rafique Butt (19 March 2012 19 March 2015)
21. Air Chief Marshal Sohail Aman (19 March 2015 present)[5]

Serving Air Marshals

Main article: List of serving Air Marshals of the Pakistan Air Force

Awards for valour

The Nishan-e-Haider (Urdu: ( ) Order of Ali), is the highest military award given by Pakistan. Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas (195120 August
1971) is the only officer of the PAF to be awarded the Nishan-e-Haider for sacrificing his life to save an aircraft from being hijacked to
India.[59] Other awards include:

Squadron LeaderMuhammad Mahmood Alam awarded for downing nine fighters,[60] five in a minute,[61][62][63][64][65] of the Indian Air Force
in air-to-air combat.[66]
Squadron Leader Sarfaraz Ahmed RafiquiShaheed awarded for refusing to abandon his group of fighters during a battle despite his guns
being jammed. He continued his attempts to assist his squadron in the battle by chasing enemy fighters until eventually being shot down.[67]

Special Forces
Main article: Special Service Wing

Women in the PAF

Previously, women had been employed by Pakistan's armed forces in non-combat roles only, such as the medical corps,[68] and the PAF had
remained all-male throughout its history.[69] However, since 2003 women have been allowed to enroll in the aerospace engineering and other
programs of PAF Academy Risalpur, including fighter pilot training programmes.[68]It has been stated that standards are not compromised for

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women, those who do not achieve the same performance as their male counterparts are dropped from the
course. A level of segregation between the genders is maintained. For example, early-morning parades are
performed together but some parts of training, mainly physical exercises, are done with males and females
separated. According to Squadron Leader Shazia Ahmed, the officer in charge of the first female cadets and a
psychologist, this also improves confidence of the women.[69]

In 2005 it was reported that two batches in the Air Force Academy's flying wing contained 10 women, with many
more in the engineering and aerospace wings. Cadet Saba Khan, from Quetta in Balochistan, applied after
reading a newspaper advertisement seeking female cadets. She was one of the first four women to pass the first
stages of flying training on propeller-driven light aircraft and move onto faster jet-powered training aircraft.[69]

In March 2006, the PAF inducted a batch of 34 fighter pilots which included the organisation's first four female
fighter pilots. Three years of training had been completed by the pilots at PAF Academy Risalpurbefore they
graduated and were awarded their Flying Badges during the ceremony. Certificates of honour were handed to
the successful cadets by a "delighted" General Ahsan Saleem Hayat, vice chief of the Pakistan Army, who
acknowledged that the PAF was the first of the Pakistan Armed Forces to introduce women to its combat units.
One of the women, Flying Officer Nadia Gul, was awarded a trophy for best academic achievement. The other
female graduates were Mariam Khalil, Saira Batool and the above-mentioned Saba Khan.[68] A second batch of
pilots, including 3 female pilots, graduated from the 117th GD(P) course at PAF Academy Risalpur in September
Air
2006. The Sword of Honour for best all-round performance was awarded to Aviation Cadet Saira Amin, the first Commodore Muhammad
female pilot to win the award. Aviation Cadet Saira Amin won the Asghar Hussain Trophy for best performance in Mahmood Alam"Little
Dragon". Ace in a Day of the
academics.[70]
Pakistan Air Force
In September 2009 it was reported that seven women had qualified as operational fighter pilots on the Chengdu
F-7, the first female combat pilots in the PAF's history, one of them being Ambreen Gull. External video
Commanding Officer Tanvir Piracha emphasised that if the female pilots "are not good enough as
A news report on the PAF's first
per their male counterparts, we don't let them fly." It was noted that some of the female pilots wear
operationally qualified female fighter pilots.
the hijab while others do not.[71]
An interview with Ambreen Gul. (Urdu
language)
Religious Minorities in the PAF
Religious minorities have served in the PAF with distinction since its inception: Air Vice Marshal Eric Gordon Hall was Base Commander of
Chaklala Air Base during the 1965 Indo-Pak War; Air Commodore Nazir Latif; Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry fought in the 1965 Indo-Pak War
and, later helped establish the Combat Commanders School (CCS); Wing Commander Melvin Leslie Middlecoat was Commanding Officer of No.
9 Squadron during the 1965 Indo-Pak War; Squadron Leader Peter Christy; Patrick Desmond Callaghan is another Christian officer of who rose
to the rank of Air Vice Marshal. He served as Eastern Air Force Command and Deputy Chief of Air Staff.[72] Wing Commander Ronald Felix is a
test pilot on the JF-17 Thunder since 2010 and was one of two PAF pilots flying the JF-17 at the 2011 Izmir Air Show in Turkey.

Inventory
Combat aircraft
Main article: List of aircraft of the Pakistan Air Force
See also: List of Pakistan Air Force aircraft squadrons

The PAF currently operates approximately 450 combat aircraft of 4 different types, which are planned to
be reduced to 2 multirole types, namely the F-16 and JF-17, by 2025. There are around 20 front-line
squadrons.[73]

The most capable fighter in PAF service from 1983 to 2007 has been the F-16 Fighting Falcon. 40 of the
F-16A/B Block 15 models were delivered from 1983 to 1987. Deliveries of another 28 F-16A/B were
stopped after the 1990 arms embargo imposed on Pakistan under the Pressler amendment but 14 of
these were later delivered during 20052008. The F-16A/B fleet is to be upgraded with MLU (Mid-Life
Chengdu F-7PG
Update) modification kits and Falcon Star Structural Service Life Enhancement kits by Turkish
Aerospace Industriesstarting in September 2010 at a rate of 1 per month. Four F-16A/B are already
undergoing upgrade in the U.S. for delivery in 2011. The MLU package will include new APG-69v9 radars, Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing
Systems and Link-16 data-links, along with other new communications, targeting and electronic warfare systems.[74][75]

In 2006, 12 F-16C and 6 F-16D Block 52+ were ordered with a further 18 aircraft optional. 14 of the
optional fighters were ordered in 2010.[76][77] The first batch of 3 F-16C/D fighters landed at PAF Base
Shahbaz, Jacacobad, on 26 June 2010.[78][79] Pakistan also received 14 used F-16s from the US free of
cost.[80]

The PAF is to induct a number of the Chinese Chengdu FC-20, an advanced PAF-specific variant of
the Chengdu J-10. 36 fighters equipping two FC-20 squadrons are expected to be delivered by
2015[81]and, according to some reports, the FC-20 fleet may eventually be increased to 150
PAF F-16s in 2010 fighters.[82] In September 2015, talks between Russia and Pakistan began on the delivery of the Sukhoi
Su-35 air-superiority multi-role fighter.[83]

Special mission aircraft

Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft were first sought by the PAF in the 1980s, but the requirement was not met until December
2009 when the first of four Saab 2000 Erieye aircraft ordered in 2006 was delivered. The remaining three Erieye are expected to be delivered in

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2010. Built to the PAF's specifications, the Saab 2000 Erieye is fitted with 5 operator stations and 4 command stations. The aircraft's Erieye radar
has a range of 450 km and is also capable of identifying the type of aircraft and the weapons it is carrying.[84]

Four Chinese ZDK-03 AEW&C aircraft have also been ordered, with first delivery expected in late 2010.[85]These are believed to be a PAF-
specific version of the KJ-200, incorporating a Chinese AESA radar similar to the Erieye mounted on the Shaanxi Y-8F600 transport aircraft.

Transport aircraft
The C-130 Hercules has been the PAF's primary tactical transport aircraft since its induction in the early
1960s. Currently 5 C-130B and 11 C-130E[86]models are in service, upgraded with Allison T56-A-15
turboprops and extended fatigue lives by Lockheed-Georgia Company.[87] The C-130 is supplemented
by 4 CASA CN-235 STOL transports, although the 4th aircraft is equipped with an interior for
transporting VIPs such as the PAF Chief of Air Staff. Heavy-lift transports comprise 3 Boeing
707stransferred from Pakistan International Airlines starting 1986.
PAF C-130 Hercules
Aerial refueling aircraft
In December 2009 the PAF received its first of four Il-78aircraft which is capable of aerial refuelling as
well as transporting cargo. Aerial refuelling capability was first demonstrated during the High Mark
2010 exercise on 6 April 2010 when two of the PAF's Mirage III fighters were simultaneously refuelled in
the air by the Il-78.[84][88][89][90][91]

Air defence systems

Crotale is expected to be replaced by Spada 2000.[92]
PAF Il-78 aircraft.
MBDASpada 2000 A low to medium altitude air defence system consisting of a radar with 60 km
range and four 6-cell missile launchers. The Aspide 2000missile can intercept enemy missiles
and aircraft at a range of over 20 km. A contract for 10 batteries was signed after Spada 2000
External video
was selected over competing systems from Raytheon, Diehl BGT and Saab AB and pre- A pair of Mirage III fighters are refuelled in
contract firing tests in Pakistan, which were assisted by the Italian Air Force.[93]Latest reports the air by the PAF's Il-78 tanker during
exercise High Mark 2010. [84]
state Pakistan is to test the Spada 2000 air defence system in July 2010, followed by deliveries
of first of ten batteries. Deliveries of all ten batteries are reported to be completed by 2013 with
further orders possible.[94] Pakistan test fired the new SPADA 2000 Plus air defence missile system
in July 2010. The missile system was tested by the Range & Instrumentation Division of SUPARCO
(National Space Agency). Three drone planes were successfully intercepted and shot down by the
SPADA 2000 Plus Missile System.
HQ-2 Chinese version of SA-2 Guideline high altitude air defence system, 12 or more batteries
procured circa 1970s.[citation needed]
HQ-9 In October 2003 it was reported that China had closed a deal with Pakistan to supply an
PAF Super Mushak Trainer
unspecified number of FT-2000 systems, an anti-radiation variant of the HQ-9 long range air defence
system,[95] although in March 2009 a report was published stating that Pakistan was not considering
importing the missile.[96] It was reported in mid-2008 that Pakistan intended to purchase a high altitude air defence and missile defence
system and the FD-2000, another variant of HQ-9, was expected to be chosen.[92][97]
AML HE 60-20: Recently sighted at PAF Base Nur Khan. Modified Panhard armoured car with a 20mm anti-aircraft cannon. Used for on-base
security.[98]At least 5 were originally in service.[99][100]

Drone technology
On 7 September 2015, Pakistan became the ninth nation to develop and use an armed unmanned combat aerial vehicle (drone) named Burraq.
Pakistan, first started exploring the drone technology when it acquired Falco drones from Selex Galileo of Italy for $40 million in 2008. Since then
Pakistan have been developing Falco in Pakistan Aeronautical Complex in collaboration with the Italian firm. Then, Burraq was developed which
was based on the same Falco technology. By March 2015, Pakistan was able to test-fire Burraq armed with an air-to-surface missile named Barq
with pin-point precision. Burraq were used majorly during the Operation Zarb-e-Azb.[101]

Modernisation and acquisitions

In light of Pakistan's significant contribution to the War on Terror,[102][103]

The modernisation stall ended in April 2006 when the Pakistani cabinet approved the PAF's proposals to
procure new aircraft and systems from several sources, including modern combat aircraft from the U.S.
and China. The AFFDP 2019 (Armed Forces Development Programme 2019) would oversee the
modernisation of the Pakistan Air Force from 2006 to 2019.[104]

The Bush administrationon 24 July 2008 informed the US Congress it plans to shift nearly $230 million of
$300 million in aid from counterterrorism programs to upgrading Pakistan's aging F-16s.[105] The Bush
administration previously announced on 27 June 2008 it was proposing to sell Pakistan ITT
The first F-16D Block 52 fighter of
Corporation's electronic warfare gear valued at up to $75 million to enhance Islamabad's existing F-
PAF, rolled out on 13 October 2009,
16s.[106] Pakistan has asked about buying as many as 21 AN/ALQ-211(V)9 Advanced Integrated undergoing flight testing in the U.S.
Defensive Electronic Warfare Suite pods, or AIDEWS, and related equipment.[107] The proposed sale will prior to delivery.
ensure that the existing fleet is "compatible" with new F-16 Block 50/52 fighters being purchased by
Islamabad.

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After 9/11 the U.S. and Pakistan began discussing the release of the embargoed F-16s and a purchase
of new aircraft. Of the 28 F-16A/B built under the Peace Gate III/IV contracts and embargoed in 1990, 14
delivered as EDA (Excess Defense Articles) from 2005 to 2008.,[108]two of which were delivered on 10
July 2007.[109]

Between 2005 and 2008, 14 F-16A/B Block 15 OCU fighters were delivered to the PAF under renewed
post-9/11 ties between the U.S. and Pakistan. These had originally been built for Pakistan under the
Peace Gate III/IV contracts but were never delivered due to the U.S. arms embargo imposed in
1990.[110] JF-17 Thunder

To upgrade the F-16A/B fleet, 32 Falcon STAR kits were purchased for the original Peace Gate I aircraft
and 35 Mid-Life Update (MLU) kits were ordered, with 11 more MLU kits optional, in . 4 F-16A/B being
upgraded in the U.S. to F-16AM/BM, delivery expected December 2011.[108] F-16A/B in PAF service to
be upgraded starting October 2010 by Turkish Aerospace Industries, 1 per month.[111][112]

The Peace Drive I contract for 12 F-16C and 6 F-16D Block 52+ (Advanced Block 52) aircraft, powered
by F100-PW-229 engines was signed on 30 September 2006.[113][114] The first F-16 to be completed, an
F-16D, was rolled out on 13 October 2009 and began flight testing.[115][116][117][118][119] The first batch of
Saab2000 ERIEYE AEW&C Made
F-16C/D Block 52+, two F-16D and one F-16C, landed at PAF Base Shahbaz, Jacobabad, on 26 June for PAF on 2008 Farnborough
2010[78][79] and one more F-16C was received by 5 July 2010.[120]

On 13 December 2008, the Government of Pakistan stated that two Indian Air Force aircraft were
intercepted by the PAF kilometres within Pakistani airspace. This charge was denied by the Indian
government.[121]

During talks with a delegation from the French Senate on Monday 28 September 2009, Prime Minister
Yousuf Raza Gilani stated that the PAF had used most of its stockpile of laser-guided munitions against
militants in the Malakand and FATA regions and that replacements for such types of equipment were
urgently required.[122]
PAF ZDK-03 AEW&C inflight
December 2009 saw the delivery of the PAF's first Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C from Sweden and Il-78MP
Midas aerial refuelling tanker/military transport aircraftfrom Ukraine.[123][124][125]

The PAF is reported to be considering purchasing the Hongdu L-15 advanced jet trainer to train pilots for high-tech fighters such as the FC-20.
Extensive evaluations of the aircraft took place in Pakistan during December 2009.[126][127]

On 26 June 2010 the first batch of 3 F-16C/D Block 52+ fighters were delivered to PAF Base Shahbaz, Jacobabad.[128] According to Air Chief
Marshal Rao Qamar Suleman (the then Chief of Air Staff) the new fighters would eliminate the PAF's limitations in precision night-time strike
operations,[129] the existing capability being based on around 34 Dassault Mirage 5fighters upgraded with new avionics for night-time precision
strike missions under the Retrofit Of Strike Element (ROSE) programme during 19992004.[130][131][132] SABIR (Special Airborne Mission
Installation & Response System) which is a FLIR System that has Brite Star II and Star Safire III EO/IR sensors installed on the one C130. (this a
'bolt on system' and is installed in place of the parachute door) This system was extensively used during operation in FATA.

Planned acquisitions

Pakistan have been in talks with China to acquire 30 to 40, JF-31 Stealth fighters also known as Shenyang FC-31 or J-31 for short.[133]

Exercises
The PAF sent a contingent of six F-16A/B fighters to the international Anatolian Eagle 2004 exercise in
Turkey.[134][135]

After around 1 year of planning, in 2005 the PAF launched the High Mark 2005 exercise which lasted for
one month and also involved the Pakistan Army and Pakistan Navy. The scenario saw two opposing
forces, Blueland and Foxland, engaging in simulated combat involving both offensive and defensive
operations. It was stated that the exercise would have 3 stages and PAF aircraft would fly 8200 sorties.
Involvement of army and navy units was aimed at providing more realistic operational scenarios. High
Mark 2005 followed the Tempest-1 exercise which was focused purely on air power but differed in terms A PAF F-7PG flies alongside a
Mirage 2000-9 and F-16E/F Block 60
of duration, intensity and complexity of air operations.[136]
fighters of the UAEAF and a RJAF F-
A contingent of six F-16A/B fighters was sent to Turkey's international Anatolian Eagle 2006 exercise. In 16 during ATLC 2009.

2008 the Turkish Air Force sent five F-16C/D fighters and 50 personnel of 191 Kobras Filo
(191 CobrasSquadron) to Pakistan to take part in the joint Operation Indus Viper 2008 exercise at PAF Base Mushaf (Sargodha).[135]

In the summer of 2005 a PAF team of 20 airmen, including pilots, navigators, engineers, maintenance technicians and a C-130E was sent to the
U.S. to take part in the AMC (Air Mobility Command) Rodeo.[137]The PAF later took part in the July 2007 AMC Rodeo.[138][139]

In 2009, while undertaking combat operations against militants in FATA and Swat, the PAF initiated the
Saffron Bandit exercise with the aim of training the PAF's entire combat force to undertake such anti-
terrorist operations.[140][141]

In December 2009 the PAF sent six Chengdu F-7PG fighters, of No. 31 Wing based at PAF Base
Samungli, to the United Arab Emirates to take part in the Air Tactics Leadership Course (ATLC), also
known as Exercise Iron Falcon, at Al Dhafra Air Base.[142][143][144]

The PAF's High Mark 2010 exercise was launched on 15 March 2010, the first time a High Mark exercise
A PAF Mirage III of No.
had been conducted since 2005, after all PAF received their Air Tasking Orders (ATO). The country-wide
7 BanditsSquadron alongside a US

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Navy F-18 and F-16s of the USAF and exercise involved units based all over Pakistan, from Skardu to the Arabian Sea, at all Main Operating
RJAF
Bases and Forward Operating Bases. Joint operations involving the Pakistan Army and Pakistan
Navy were also conducted, aiming to test and improve integration and cooperation between the three
arms. Operations emphasised a near-realistic simulation of the war-time environment, exposure of PAF aircrews to contemporary concepts of air
combat, new employment concepts and joint operations between air force, army and navy. New inductions such as the JF-17
Thunderfighter, Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C and Il-78 Multi-Role Tanker Transports also took part.[145] On 6 April 2010 the end of the first phase of
exercise High Mark 2010was celebrated with a firepower demonstration at the PAF's firing range facility in the deserts of Thal. The 90-minute
demo involved the new JF-17 Thunder fighter, Saab 2000 Erieye AEW&C and Il-78 MRTT aircraft. The H-2 SOW (Stand-Off Weapon) was also
shown to the public for the first time, being launched from around 60 km away before hitting its target, and a mock counter-insurgency operation
was performed by troops. The demo heralded the beginning of High Mark 2010's second phase where the PAF would practice joint operations
with the Pakistan Army during the army's exercise Azm-e-Nau-3 (New Resolve 3).[146] During High Mark 2010 a Chengdu F-7 and Mirage
5 fighter (flown by Squadron Leader Nasir Mehmood and Wing Commander Atta ur Rehman respectively) practised landing, refuelling and take-
off operations from a Pakistani motorway. It was reported that the PAF is in negotiations with the Ministry of Communications to set up all
required facilities for Air Force operations on the motorways and highways of Pakistan.[147][148]

In July 2010 the PAF sent six F-16B fighters of No.

9 GriffinsSquadron and 100 PAF personnel to Nellis Air Force Base in
the U.S. to participate in the international Red Flag exercise for the first
time. During the exercise the PAF pilots practised in-flight refuelling of
their F-16s with the Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker.[149][150][151][152][153]

In October 2010 the PAF's No. 7 BanditsSquadron sent a team of

its Dassault Mirage III ROSEfighters to Jordan to participate in the
Falcon Air Meet 2010 exercise at Azraq Royal Jordanian Air A PAF Mirage III competes in the
Alert Scramble Competition during
Base.[154][155] January 2011 saw a PAF contingent of F-16A/B and
Falcon Air Meet 2010 in Jordan.
Dassault Mirage fighters take part in the Al-Saqoor II exercise in Saudi
Arabia with the Royal Saudi Air Force.[156][157][158]
External video
In March 2011 a joint Sino-Pakistani exercise, Shaheen 1, was conducted
A PAF F-16 is refuelled in- Mirage III ROSE fighters of
involving a contingent of Chinese aircraft and personnel from
flight by a USAF KC- the PAF's No. 7 BanditsSquadron
135tanker during Red Flag the PLAAF.[159] Information on which aircraft were used by each side in the take part in the Falcon Air Meet
2010. exercise was not released, but photos of Pakistani pilots inspecting what 2010 exercise.
appeared to be Chinese Shenyang J-11B fighters were released on the
internet. The exercise lasted for around 4 weeks and was the first time the PLAAF had deployed to and conducted "operational" aerial
maneuvers in Pakistan with the PAF.[160]

Involvement in Pakistani society

See also: 2009 refugee crisis in Pakistan

The Pakistan Air Force has played an integral part in the civil society of Pakistan, almost since its
inception.[161] In 1996, General Jehangir Karamat described Pakistan armed forces' relations with
the society:

In my opinion, if we have to repeat of past events then we must understand that

Military leaders can pressure only up to a point. Beyond that their own position starts
getting undermined because the military is after all is a mirror image of the civil society
from which it is drawn.
General Jehangir Karamat on civil societymilitary relations, [161] Pakistan Air Force airmen are
participating in relief operations.
In times of natural disaster, such as the great floods of 1992 or the October 2005
devastating earthquake, air force engineers, medical and logistics personnel, and the armed forces
played a major role in bringing relief and supplies.[162]

The Pakistan Air Force has been involved in relief activities not only in Pakistan but also in many other countries of the world, such as the relief
activities after Bangladesh was hit by floods.[162] The Air Force also dispatched relief to Indonesia, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka after they were hit
by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the resulting tsunami. The Pakistan Army, Air Force, and Navy sent ships and helicopters to assist in
the tsunami relief operation.[162]

In popular Pakistani culture

In Pakistaniliterature, the shaheen has a special association with the poetry of the country's national poet, Allama Muhammad Iqbal.[163] It also
appears on the official seal of the Pakistan Air Force logo.

The Urdu drama serials on PAF have been written, produced, directed, and televised in the television. The highly acclaimed Urdu
drama serials Shahpar ran on PTV and Sherdil were televised on ARY Digital.[164]

See also
Pakistan and Nuclear weapons
Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
PAF Museum, Karachi

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PAF Hospitals
Pakistan Army
Pakistan Navy
List of aircraft of the Pakistan Air Force
List of Pakistan Air Force aircraft squadrons
List of Pakistan Air Force bases
List of Dassault Mirage III operators
List of Lockheed F-104 Starfighter operators
Pakistan Naval Air Arm
Islamic Military Alliance
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Pakistan Air Force - Wikipedia
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comparative commissioned
military ranks
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Junior commissioned
officerranks
BPS-13 BPS-14 BPS-15 BPS-16
Air Force AWO[1] WO[1] WO[1] CWO

Army Naib Subedar Naib Subedar Sbd Sbd-Maj

Navy CPO FCPO FCPO MCPO

Marines CPO NE NE NE
[1]
Grade depends on the service type authorized by
the MoD

Non-commissioned
officer ranks
Inter-
Service BPS-7 BPS-8 BPS-9 BPS-10 BPS-11 BPS-12 BPS-12
Pay Grade

Air
NE Cpl. NE
Force AC LAC SAC JTech STech
Tech

Army Soldier Hvld- Battal

LNk Nk Hvld CQSgt QSgt
Maj Sgt-Maj
Navy NE NE OS-II AB NE LH PO NE

Marines NE NE NE NE NE NE PO NE
[2]
Grade depends on the BPS-13|service
typeauthorized by the MoD

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Categories: Pakistan Air Force Military units and formations established in 1947 Government of Pakistan
1947 establishments in Pakistan Pakistan federal departments and agencies Military of Pakistan

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