FERROTROL STIMULATION

SERVICES
Product Information

PRODUCTS
AND

Applications

Ferrotrol additives are used primarily in acid stimulation treatment fluids to prevent precipitation of ferric hydroxide
[Fe(Ill)] as the pH of the fluid rises. They also are used to minimize the amount of ashpaltene sludge generated
when acidizing oil wells. Ferrotrol additives operate in one of three ways: as a chelating agent, as a reducing
agent and as a pH control agent.

Features

Chelating Agents
Chelating agents are chemicals that form water-soluble complexes with iron. By complexing the iron, they reduce
the activity of the iron and prevent the iron ion from reacting as the un-complexed ion would.

Reducing Agents
Reducing agents are chemicals that convert ferric hydroxide [Fe(Ill)] to the more soluble ferrous iron [Fe(ll)].
Ferric iron will begin to precipitate as the pH of an acid solution reaches approximately 2 and will continue to
precipitate as the pH rises. Ferric hydroxide, a gelatinous precipitate that highly reduces formation permeability
will not begin to precipitate until a pH of approximately 7 is reached.

pH Control Agents
pH control agents are chemicals that act as buffering agents to maintain a low pH to inhibit the precipitation of the
iron.

Benefits

Prevents the precipitation of iron compounds from acid solutions, increasing permeability and therefore fluid
production following acid stimulation treatments.
Minimizes iron-induced asphaltene sludge and associated damage.

Safety Precautions

Ferrotrol additives vary widely in chemical activity. Obtain the Material Safety Data Sheet for a Ferrotrol additive
before pumping.

Limitations

Each Ferrotrol additive has a specific solubility in acid and this amount should not be exceeded in acid treatment.

Competitive Products

Improved FE and Double FE Acid, Ferchek; XL-1 and XL-2 Stabilized Acids (L-1, L-2 and L-41); Iron Control Acid
(XR-2 or Acid and WFC-1).

BJ SERVICES COMPANY
FERROTROL
Product Information

Technical Data

FERROTROL ADDITIVES
Product Type Amount needed to retain Product solubility
1000 ppm ferric ion in solution in 15% HCl

Ferrotrol-200 Reducer 6.8 ppt Very Soluble

Ferrotrol-260L Reducer 1.30 gpt Very Soluble
Ferrotrol-270/272* Reducer 1.43 gpt Very Soluble
Ferrotrol-300 Chelator 29.45 ppt >300 ppt
Ferrotrol-300L Chelator 5.89 gpt >60 gpt
Ferrotrol-700 Chelator 44.23 ppt 68 ppt
Ferrotrol-800 Chelator 43.34 ppt >400 ppt
Ferrotrol-800L Chelator 8.64 gpt >85 gpt
Ferrotrol-810 Chelator 30.10 ppt Very Soluble
Ferrotrol-900 Chelator 69.95 ppt 100 ppt
Ferrotrol-900L Chelator 14.13 gpt 22.7 gpt
Ferrotrol-1000 Chelator 55.91 ppt 89 ppt
Acetic Acid pH Control --- ---

* Ferrotrol 270/272 will require an activator such as Ferrotrol 271/273(For 1000 ppm, approximately 1 gpt
activator required.

References

Confidential Mixing Instructions

Material Safety Data Sheet

5/99

The above features and/or data are supplied solely for informational purposes and BJ Services Company makes no guarantees or warranties, either express or implied, with respect to their accuracy or use. All product warranties and guarantees
shall be governed by the BJ Services Company standard at the time of sale or delivery of service. Actual product performance or availability depends on the timing and location of the job, the type of job and the particular characteristics of each job.
This document is controlled by the reference date. To insure that this is the current version, please reference the Services section of the BJ Services Website (www.bjservices.com) or ask your BJ representative.