Kingdom Protozoa

Etymology:
1. Proto first or primitive
Chlorophyta
2. Zoon animal
- 50000 cells per colony
Features:
- 10 to 50 microns Volvox sp.
- Unicellular Eukaryotic Organisms
- Capable of sustained locomotion
- About 50000 species has been identified to date
(10000 species are parasitic to man and to
lower animals)
- Malaria, amoebiasis, trypanosomiasis,
leishmaniasis are some diseases caused by a
protozoa

Euglenozoa

- has whip-like structure called flagella for

locomotion
- may be solitary or colonial, free-living or
parasitic Alveolata
- has a pellicle giving shape to its body
- Consists of ciliophora, dinoflagellate and
apicomplexa
Euglena sp.
- united on the basis of having similar ribosomal
DNA sequence

Sub Phylum Ciliophora

- possess primitive mouth (cytosome)

- has a micronucleus and a macronucleus
- micronucleus -> reproduction
- macronucleus -> physiological needs

Paramecium sp.
- heterothrophic
Trypanosoma - they reproduce sexually by conjugation
- Cheche flies asexually by binary fission
- Trypanosomiasis - ciliated
 Kingdom Protozoa
Pyrodinium
Stentor sp. - with armor called Theca
- motile - causes Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning/Red Tide
- trumpet shape - Euryhaline (can thrive in different salinity)
- symbiotic to chlorella

Sub Phylum Apicomplexa

Vorticella
- sessile - parasitic protists
- autotrophic
- with stalk Monocystis
- flagellated
- vector to earthworms in the seminal vesicle

Sub Phylum Dinoflagellata

- unicellular and possess 2 dissimilar flagella

Ceratium sp. Plasmodium

- autotrophic - malaria vector to Anopheles
- with armor called Theca which is made up of
polysaccharide
 Kingdom Protozoa
Amoeboid Protozoa Foraminiferan Species

- amorphous - shelled made up of Calcium Carbonate

- phagocytic and pinocytic - sedimentary

Amoeba sp. Arcella sp.

- pseudopodia (lobopodic with hyaline cap) - shelled amoeba

Entamoeba histolytica
- tissue destroyer Sub Phylum - Axostylata
- free-living
- parasitic Triconympha
- causes amoebiasis - heterotrophic
- parasitic
- digests cellulose (acetic acid) in termites

Entamoeba Coli
- commensal
Sub Phylum Stramenophiles

Opalina Ranarum
- ciliated
- endoparasites
- parasitic to frogs (cloaca)