PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATION

Civil Personality

Article 37 2. An incapacitated person is not exempted from the

Juridical capacity, which is the fitness to be the subject obligations which arise from their act/acts.
of legal relations, is inherent in every natural person
and is lost only through death. Capacity to act, which is 3. Circumstances that modify or limit the capacity to
the power to do acts with legal effect, is acquired and act: (AgIn SPePro FAlAIT)
may be lost. a. Age
b. Insanity or imbecility
Juridical Personality Capacity to act c. State of being deaf-mute
Inherent upon birth, but d. Penalty
there are instances that a e. Prodigality
child in a womb is given a Not inherent but merely f. Family relations
provisional personality to acquired g. Alienage
be supported and to accept h. Absence
donations given to him. i. Insolvency
Can be lost through death j. Trusteeship
Can only be lost by
or any instance provided
death.
by law.

Article 38
Minority, insanity or imbecility, the state of being a
deaf-mute, prodigality and civil interdiction are mere
restrictions on the capacity to act, and do not exempt
the incapacitated person from certain obligations, as
when the latter arise from his acts or from property
relations, such as easements. (32a)

Article 39
The following circumstances, among others, modify or
limit capacity to act: age, insanity, imbecility, the state
of being a deaf-mute, penalty, prodigality, family
relations, alienage, absence, insolvency and
trusteeship. The consequences of these circumstances
are governed in this Code, other codes, the Rules of
Court, and in special laws. Capacity to act is not
limited on account of religious belief or political
opinion.

A married woman, twenty-one years of age or over, is

qualified for all acts of civil life, except in cases
specified by law.

1. Restrictions on the capacity to act: (PIMIS)

a. Minority
b. Insanity or imbecility
c. State of being deaf-mute
d. Prodigality
e. Civil interdiction