Level of Satisfaction of The Electorates of Barangay Carugdog

Aklan Catholic College
Archbishop Gabriel M. Reyes St.

5600 Kalibo, Aklan, Philippines
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Website: http://www.acc.edu.ph
E-mail Add: aklancollege@yahoo.com
Chapter 1
Introduction
Government is one of the four elements of a state.
Government is the organization or agency of the State which
makes, implements and enforces the laws of the state.
According to the Article II Section 1 of the 1987
Philippine constitution, the Philippines is a democratic
and republican state. Sovereignty resides in the people and
all government authority emanates from them. It means that
the Philippines is a representative democracy. Filipinos
vote for a candidate that they think would best represent
them.
Sadly there are people who do not take voting in
elections seriously in fact there are some who chose not to
vote. They dont realize how hard our ancestors literally
fought just to have the right to vote. They would sometimes
say that there single vote would not count. These people
did notthink of the far reaching consequences that their
decision not to vote will make. One vote counts it can

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change the status quo in the barangay, municipality,
province and state.
One important reason why people should exercise their
right to suffrage is that their vote can serve as a way of
expressing satisfaction or dissatisfaction towards the
policies and the job being done by the elected government
officials. They can express their delight or grievance by
voting for the same person and the same party again and
again or voting for a new candidate and a new party. A good
kind of elected leaders is essential to have a good
government.
The Philippines has a unique local governmental unit
called Barangay which is the smallest unit of government.
Barangays are very important because, the Barangay serves
as the primary planning and implementing unit of government
policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the
community, and as a forum wherein the collective views of
the people may be expressed, crystallized and considered,
and where disputes may be amicably settled (Book III, Title
1 Section 384 of the Local Government Code of 1991).

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Carugdog is a Barangay in the small municipality of
Lezo, Aklan. Most of its people are farmerswho are
struggling to provide for their families. According to the
voter turnout during the May 9, 2016 elections only 622
voted. The Local Government Code of 1991 provides that
Barangay governments should provide basic services and
facilities. Such basic services and facilities include, but
are not limited to, the following: For a Barangay: (i)
Agricultural support services which include planting
materials distribution system and operation of farm produce
collection and buying stations; (ii) Health and social
welfare services which include maintenance of Barangay
health center and day-care center; (iii) Services and
facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation,
beautification, and solid waste collection; (iv)
Maintenance of KatarungangPambarangay; (v) Maintenance of
Barangay roads and bridges and water supply systems (vi)
Infrastructure facilities such as multipurpose hall,
multipurpose pavement, plaza, sports center, and other
similar facilities; (vii) Information and reading center;
and (viii) Satellite or public market, where viable.

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The Barangay government has a direct contact with the
people and the community hence they would know what the
people really needs. Therefore it is deemed proper that
this research be conducted in order to check if the
incumbent Barangay governments performance by asking their
constituents level of satisfaction.
Statement of the Problem
This study deals with the satisfaction of the
electorates of Barangay Carugdog towards their Barangay
government. Specifically it seeks to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the profile of the electorates of Barangay
Carugdog in terms of the following:
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Family Income
d. Educational Attainment
2. What is the level of satisfaction of the electorates
of Barangay Carugdog towards their Barangay government
in terms of:
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a. The actions of the Barangay Council in terms of:
Creation of Barangay ordinances
Implementation of ordinances
Maintenance of peace and order
Maintenance of Barangay roads
Implementing infrastructure facilities such as
multipurpose pavement, sports center
Implementing a Barangay beautification program
Implementing a solid waste management program
Supporting the agriculture sector
Implementing projects for the youth
b. The services rendered by the:
Barangay Health Center
Barangay Hall
Barangay Day Care Center
c. The performance of the:
Barangay Health Worker
Barangay Tanod
LupongTagapamayapa
Barangay Secretary
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Barangay Treasurer
Barangay Day Care Worker
Barangay Kagawads
Barangay Chairman
3. Is there a relationship between the profile of the
electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan in terms
of age, sex, family background and educational
attainment and their level of satisfaction towards
their Barangay Government?
Hypothesis
There is no relationship between the profile of the
electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan in terms of
age, sex, family background and educational attainment and
their level of satisfaction towards their Barangay
Government.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This study entitled Level of Satisfaction of the
Electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan Towards their
Barangay Government is limited to the administration of

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the incumbent Barangay Council. The respondent for this
study is limited to the electorates of Barangay Carugdog,
Lezo, Aklan who satisfied the requirements given by law to
be able to vote in a Barangay Election.
Philosophical Stance
Schofield et al.s (2010) states that three types of
hierarchical factors based on their importance in relation
to overall performance or satisfaction. The three factors
(basic, excitement and performance factors) to
conceptualize the theory of voter satisfaction within a
political marketing context are, as follows:
1. Basic factors (dissatisfiers). These are minimum
requirements that cause voter dissatisfaction if they are
not delivered, but do not result in voter satisfaction if
they are delivered.
2. Excitement factors (satisfiers). These factors increase
voter satisfaction if delivered but do not result in voter
dissatisfaction if not delivered. They surprise and delight
the voter.
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3. Performance factors (hybrid factors). These factors
produce satisfaction for voters if delivered and lead to
dissatisfaction for voters if they are missing.
Theoretically, excitement factors become important
determinants of voter satisfaction when overall performance
is high, but are unimportant when overall performance is
low. Conversely, basic factors are critical when
performance is low and their influence on overall voter
satisfaction decreases when performance increases. By
comparison, performance factors produce voter satisfaction
when performance is high and dissatisfaction when
performance is low. It therefore follows that if either
important performance factors or basic factors are
perceived to be under performing, the negative impact on
voter satisfaction is likely to be substantial, whereas
under performance on excitement or unimportant performance
factors is likely to be less critical.
This part tests the relevance of the factor theory of
satisfaction in the context of voter perceptions and
behavior. It does this by examining the differential

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effects of the Labor partys performance on issues which
fulfill basic requirements and minimize voter
dissatisfaction (basic factors), compared with those which
add value and increase voter satisfaction (excitement
factors) and those which do both (performance factors).
Given the result in the 2010 UK General Election i.e.
Labor party defeat, we therefore presume, while controlling
for loyalty (based on voting behavior in the 2005 General
Election), that: Basic factor performance has the highest
impact on the perceived overall performance of the Labor
party;. Basic factor performance has the highest impact on
voting behavior.
The use of policies as performance measures in the
context of the factor theory of satisfaction is supported
by the criticality of the concept of market orientation in
a political marketing context in that party policies must
satisfy voters. As such, party performance on key policies
is a viable measure of voter satisfaction. We acknowledge
that a range of factors in addition to policy issues have
been found to influence voter perceptions and behavior.

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However, they were either not suitable for use as
performance measures, not directly comparable with the
policy issue performance measures because of the response
set or scale formats which were used in the British
Election Study (2010), or not measured in the survey and
therefore unavailable. By comparison, the directly
comparable policy issue ratings enabled both their
classification as hierarchical voter satisfaction factor
types and the evaluation of their differential impact on
perceived overall performance and voting behavior. This, in
turn, enabled an assessment of the viability of the factor
theory of satisfaction in regard to explaining voter
perceptions and behavior in the 2010 UK General Election.
President Rodrigo Duterte maintained high approval and
trust ratings in his first three months in office,
according to a survey conducted by Pulse Asia.The survey
held from September 25 to October 1, 2016 showed that 86
percent of the 1,200 people polled said they have big
trust for Duterte. The same percentage said they approve
of his performance. Only three percent said they have

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small or no trust for the President. The same percentage
said they disapprove of his performance. The rest were
undecided.According to Pulse Asia, Duterte continued to
enjoy big majority approval scores in all geographic areas
and socio-economic classes.The President got the highest
approval rating in Mindanao, with 93 percent of respondents
appreciating his work. He got a score of 81 percent in the
National Capital Region, 82 percent in Balance Luzon, and
86 percent in Visayas.His trust rating was 81 percent in
Metro Manila, 82 percent in Balance Luzon, 86 percent in
Visayas and 96 percent in Mindanao.Pulse Asia noted that
ambivalence toward Dutertes performance is more
pronounced than outright disapproval, with single-digit
disapproval ratings across locations and socio-economic
classes.Among socio-economic classes, Duterte got the
highest rating from Class E with 88 percent, followed by 86
percent from Class D, and 82 percent from Class ABC.A
survey by SWS showed that Dutertes trust rating fell by
three points, from +79 to +76, but it remained excellent
amid his anti-drug campaign.(Valente, 2016)

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Conceptual Paradigm
Independent Variable Dependent Variable
Profile of the Level of
electorates of Satisfaction of the
Barangay Carugdog Electorates of
Barangay Carugdog,
a. Age
Lezo, Aklan towards
b. Sex
their Barangay
c. Family Income
government
d. Educational
Attainment
Fig1. Shows the conceptual paradigm in this study.
Independent variables include age, sex family income and
educational attainment. Dependent variables include the
level of satisfaction of the electorates of barangay
Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan towards their barangay government.

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Significance of the Study
The findings of this study shall be significant to the
following:
The Barangay Council of Carugdog will be informed of
the needs of their electorates and what satisfies them. The
information gathered may be of value to them especially
during an election.
The electorates will be provided with information on
what are the things that the Barangay government should be
providing them for their satisfaction as electorates and
they will also know the importance of the power to vote as
a way of expressing dissatisfaction towards their Barangay
government.
The Political Science Students will be provided with
an informative reference on conducting a political research
of the same context.
The result of this study will contribute to a dearth
of knowledge in educational research especially in the
field of political science.

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Definition of Terms
For clarity and understanding, the terms in this study
used herein are givenconceptual and operational
definitions.
Age.Refers to the length of time that a person or
thing has existed (Farlex, 2011).
As used in this study, this refers to the age of the
respondent based on his last birthday.It includes age range
such as 15-30, 31-60 and 61 and above.
Barangay.Refers toa unit of administration in
Philippine society consisting of from 50 to 100 families
under a headman (Merriam-Webster, 2016).
As used in this study, this refers
toBarangayCarugdog, Lezo, Aklan.
Development.Refers tothe act or process of growing
or causing something to grow or become larger or more
advanced (Meriam-Webster, 2015).

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As used in this study, this refers to the progress
that has so far been reached and something that is
lacking in Barangay Carugdog.
Educational attainment. Refers to the highest level of
schooling that a person has reached. (Statistics
Canada,2015).
As used in this study, this refers to the highest
school level attended or finished by the respondent this is
categorized into elementary level, elementary graduate,
high school level, high school graduate, college level and
college graduate.
Elections.Refers to the process of voting to decide a
public question or to select one person from a designated
group to perform certain obligations in a government,
corporation, or policy (Wests Encyclopedia of American
Law, 2010).
As used in this study, this refers to the process of
choosing leaders either in the Barangay level, municipality
or province.
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Electorate.Refers to the people in a country or area
who are entitled to vote in an election (Oxford, 2015).
As used in this study, this refers to the people who
are registered voters of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan.
Family income.Total compensation received by all
family members age 15 or older living in the same
household. Compensation may include wages, social security,
child support, pensions, capital gains, and dividends
(Business Dictionary, 2015).
As used in this study, this refers to the monthly
family income of the respondent.
Farmer.Refers to someone who works on or operates a
farm (Farlex, 2011).
As used in this study, this refers to the people who
works on the rice fields and composes most of the
population of Barangay Carugdog.
Government.Refers to the regulation, restraint,
supervision, or control which is exercised upon
the individual members of an organized jural society by

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those invested with the supreme political authority, for
the good and welfare of the body politic; or the act of
exercising supreme political power or control (Black,
2015).
As used in this study, this refers to the Barangay
government of Barangay Carugdog, LezoAklan.
Leaders.Referstothe one who is in charge or in command
of others (Farlex, 2011).
Council of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan.
Local Government.Referstoa government that deals with
the affairs of the counties, town, etc and has a locally
elected set of leaders (Collins, 2014).
government of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan.
Municipality.Refers to a political unit, such as a
city, town, or village, incorporated for local self-
government (Farlex, 2011).

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As used in this study, this refers to the Municipality
of Lezo where Barangay Carugdog the setting of study is
located.
Performance.The accomplishment of a given task
measured against preset known standards of accuracy,
completeness, cost, and speed. In a contract, performance
is deemed to be the fulfillment of an obligation, in a
manner that releases the performer from all liabilities
under the contract (Business Dictionary, 2015).
As used in this study, this refers to the performance
of their functions by the Barangay Health
Worker,BarangayTanods, LupongTagapamayapa, Barangay
Secretary, Barangay Treasurer, Barangay Day Care Worker,
Barangay Kagawads and Barangay Chairman.
PunongBarangay.Referstothe chief executive of the
Barangay government, shall exercise such powers and perform
such duties and functions (Local Government Code of 1991).
As used in this study, this refers to the local leader
of BarangayCarugdog, Lezo, Aklan.

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Satisfaction.Refers to theact of providing what is
needed or desired: the act of satisfying a need or
desire(Merriam-Webster, 2016).
As used in the study, this refers to the rating of
the electorates regarding the job being done by their
Barangay government. The ratings shall be 5 Extremely
Satisfied, 4 Very Satisfied, 3 Moderately Satisfied, 2
Slightly Satisfied and 1 Not at all Satisfied.
Sex.Refers to either of the two divisions, designated
female and male, by which most organisms are classified on
the basis of their reproductive organs and functions
(Farlex, 2011).
As used in this study, this refers to the male or
female respondents of the study.
Service.Refers to providing someone with something
that is needed or wanted (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2016)
As used in this study, this refers to the services
provided by the Barangay Health Center, Barangay Hall and
the Barangay Day Care Center.

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Vote. Refers totheformal expression of preference for a
candidate for public office or for a proposed resolution of
an issue (Farlex, 2011).
As used in this study, this refers to the right to
vote of the electorate to choose the leaders that they
want.
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Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
This chapter deals with the review of related
literatures and studies:
Satisfaction Towards the Government
Microfactors, such as how individual citizens assess
the performance of specific public services based on their
own experience, are seen in relation to their integration
and involvement in the political democratic system and to
their social position. Satisfaction with public services
may span a large number of different elements, of both a
process and output nature. People may be satisfied with the
existence of a particular service or the availability of
certain services that meet their needs. At the same time,
they may also be satisfied with the accessibility and
friendliness of the service providers they meet, the
competence of service personnel, the fairness,
effectiveness and efficiency of the services, or other
factors. They may, however, be morepreoccupied with the

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output of services than with features of the process.
Friendliness, accessibility and competence mean very little
for some people if they dont get what they want, while
others will accept an unsatisfactory output if they see the
process as appropriate. The situation regarding service
delivery and satisfaction is, of course further complicated
by the fact that peoples needs and perceptions of what
services should provide vary. Some will be satisfied with
little, while others will be dissatisfied with quite a lot.
The apparent growing importance of the consumer has
been defined by some as a kind of neo-liberal crusade,
emphasizing individual self-interest in dealings with
government, while others see it as an enhancement of
democracy, producing more direct connections between
citizens and government. If one presupposes that
satisfaction with government services is trust enhancing
implying that the consumer role is important and
performance is of significance for trust one can ask
whether people will react equally to all public services.

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What are the most important variables for
characterizing services and differentiating them for users?
One central variable could be how universal the
servicesare, meaning how many people they potentially
cover. Public services range from those that are collective
or universal, like education in most countries, which is
potentially consumed by everyone, to those that are more
selective and individual and target more specific groups of
clients. One expectation might be that the more
controlling, selective and individualized a service, the
more dissatisfied the user is likely to be. The users of
such services, like social benefits, are likely to
encounter more bureaucratic arbitrariness and more social
stigma and will probably have access to fewer social and
political resources.
People with the least experience of services,
particularly the most selective ones, are likely to be the
most satisfied, while the least satisfied are likely to be
those with experience of many selective benefits. Another
possibility is that satisfactionvaries according to their

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specific experience of services. These expectations, which
are tested in the analysis, can, however, be modified in
different ways. Selective public services may mean that
people become both better acquainted with government and
obtain services theyreally need, creating both more
satisfaction and more trust. A variation of this discussion
is whether some services have a greater impact than others
and are therefore more significant for creating
satisfaction and trust.
Another related variable may be who is responsible for
the provision of public services and at what level. A
locally based service could, for example, create more
satisfaction and trust, because consumers get to know the
service organization and the service provider better than a
service that is more distant in various senses. However,
local provision and use of services is in itself no
guarantee of good treatment and relationships. On the
contrary, one might even expect the opposite effect on
satisfaction and trust, because proximity can create stigma
in a local community. Moreover, the question arises whether

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people really know who is responsible for the various
public services in a public sector that is complex and
where responsibility for different services is shared
between the central, regional and local levels and changes
over time. This is another aspect that varies considerably
from one country to another, owing to different cultural
traditions.
Another set of variables potentially related to
satisfaction in governmentare demographic variables. One
such variable often mentioned is education, and the
expectation is that the higher peoples level of education,
the more they will trust and be satisfied with the
government.The reason for this is the cognitive factor,
meaning that these people know quite a lot about the
political-administrative system, can distinguish its
various components and understand how public services are
organized and function, something that supposedly furthers
trust and satisfaction. Counter-arguments are that
knowledge produces a more critical attitude towards
government or that normative attitudes are more important

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than the cognitive aspect produced by a higher level of
education.
Three other demographic variables may be more closely
connected with general attitudes towards government. One of
these is gender, for some studies have shown that women
support the public sector more than men. The reason for
this seems to be that womens core career basis, some
decades after entering the labor market on a broad basis,
is the public sector. Women have become more dependent,both
directly and indirectly, upon the public sector for their
employment: directly, in that there are a relatively
greater proportion of women employed in the public sector
than in the private sector, and indirectly, in that public
bodies have taken over part of womens traditional care
responsibilities. On the other hand, growth in public
expenditure has resulted in a higher tax burden for men,
something that may have induced a more negative attitude to
public sector institutions. One can therefore presuppose
that women will trust the government more than men.

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Another variable, related to the first one, is whether
people are currently employed by the public sector. Some
argue that it is possible to identify a public sector
class, which is generally more positively disposed towards
public sector institutions than those who work in the
private sector. Others say it remains unclear whether the
division between the public and private sectors has become
established as a dominant and permanent line of
conflict.Nevertheless, we would expect trust and
satisfaction in public sector institutions to be higher
forpeople employed in the public sector than for those in
the private sector.
A third demographic variable is age. Generally, one
would expect trust and satisfaction in government to
increase with age; older people tend to be more
collectively oriented, and whereas todays younger
generation has experienced a public sector that is either
decreasing or blending in elements from the private sector,
older people have experienced the build-up of the welfare

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state and will therefore tend to have more trust in
government (Christensen et al., 2012).
Barangay Government
The territorial and political subdivisions of the
Republic of the Philippines are the provinces, cities,
municipalities, and barangays. There shall be autonomous
regions in Muslim Mindanao and the Cordilleras as
hereinafter provided (Article X, Section 1 of the 1987
constitution).
The congress shall enact a local government code which
shall provide for a more responsive and accountable local
government structure instituted through a system of
decentralization with effective mechanisms of recall,
initiative and referendum, allocate among the local
government units their powers, responsibilities, and
resources, and provide for the qualifications, election,
appointment, removal, term salaries, powers and functions
and duties of local officials, and all other matters
relating to the organization and operation of local units
(Article X, Section 3 of the 1987 constitution).

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According to the Book I, Title One, Chapter 1, Section
2 of the Local Government Code of 1991 it is the policy of
the State that the territorial and political subdivisions
of the State shall enjoy genuine and meaningful local
autonomy to enable them to attain their fullest development
as self-reliant communities and make them more effective
partners in the attainment of national goals. Toward this
end, the State shall provide for a more responsive and
accountable local government structure instituted through a
system of decentralization whereby local government units
shall be given more powers, authority, responsibilities,
and resources. The process of decentralization shall
proceed from the national government to the local
government units.
Local government units shall endeavor to be self-
reliant and shall continue exercising the powers and
discharging the duties and functions currently vested upon
them. They shall also discharge the functions and
responsibilities of national agencies and offices devolved
to them pursuant to this Code. Local government units shall

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likewise exercise such other powers and discharge such
other functions and responsibilities as are necessary,
appropriate, or incidental to efficient and effective
provision of the basic services and facilities enumerated
herein. Such basic services and facilities include, but are
not limited to, the following: For a Barangay: (i)
Agricultural support services which include planting
materials distribution system and operation of farm produce
collection and buying stations; (ii) Health and social
welfare services which include maintenance of Barangay
health center and day-care center; (iii) Services and
facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation,
beautification, and solid waste collection; (iv)
Maintenance of KatarungangPambarangay; (v) Maintenance of
Barangay roads and bridges and water supply systems (vi)
Infrastructure facilities such as multipurpose hall,
multipurpose pavement, plaza, sports center, and other
similar facilities; (vii) Information and reading center;
and (viii) Satellite or public market, where viable (Book
I, Title One, Chapter 1, Section 17 of the Local Government
Code of 1991).
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There shall be in each Barangay a Punong Barangay,
seven (7) Sangguniang Barangay members, the
SangguniangKabataan chairman, a Barangay Secretary, and a
Barangay treasurer. There shall also be in every Barangay a
LupongTagapamayapa. The Sangguniang Barangay may form
community brigades and create such other positions or
offices as may be deemed necessary to carry out the
purposes of the Barangay government in accordance with the
needs of public service, subject to the budgetary
limitations on personal services prescribed under Title
Five, Book II of this Code (Book III, Title One, Chapter 2,
Section 387 of the Local Government Code of 1991).
For purposes of the Revised Penal Code, the Punong
Barangay, Sangguniang Barangay members, and members of the
LupongTagapamayapa in each Barangay shall be deemed as
persons in authority in their jurisdictions, while other
Barangay officials and members who may be designated by law
or ordinance and charged with the maintenance of public
order, protection and security of life and property, or the
maintenance of a desirable and balanced environment, and

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any Barangay member who comes to the aid of persons in
authority, shall be deemed agents of persons in authority
(Book III, Title One, Chapter 2, Section 388 of the Local
Government Code of 1991).
The Punong Barangay, as the chief executive of the
Barangay government, shall exercise such powers and perform
such duties and functions, as provided by this Code and
other laws. For efficient, effective and economical
governance, the purpose of which is the general welfare of
the Barangay and its inhabitants pursuant to Section 16 of
this Code, the Punong Barangay shall: (a) Enforce all laws
and ordinances which are applicable within the Barangay;
(b) Negotiate, enter into, and sign contracts for and in
behalf of the Barangay, upon authorization of the
Sangguniang Barangay; (c) Maintain public order in the
Barangay and, in pursuance thereof, assist the city or
municipal mayor and the sanggunian members in the
performance of their duties and functions; (d) Call and
preside over the sessions of the Sangguniang Barangay and
the Barangay assembly, and vote only to break a tie; (e)

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Upon approval by a majority of all the members of the
Sangguniang Barangay, appoint or replace the Barangay
treasurer, the Barangay secretary, and other appointive
Barangay officials; (f) Organize and lead an emergency
group whenever the same may be necessary for the
maintenance of peace and order or on occasions of emergency
or calamity within the Barangay; (g) In coordination with
the Barangay development council, prepare the annual
executive and supplemental budgets of the Barangay; (h)
Approve vouchers relating to the disbursement of Barangay
funds; (i) Enforce laws and regulations relating to
pollution control and protection of the environment; (j)
Administer the operation of the KatarungangPamBarangay in
accordance with the provisions of this Code; (k) Exercise
general supervision over the activities of the
SangguniangKabataan; (l) Ensure the delivery of basic
services as mandated under Section 17 of this Code; (m)
Conduct an annual palarong Barangay which shall feature
traditional sports and disciplines included in national and
international games, in coordination with the Department of
Education (n) Promote the general welfare of the Barangay;

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and (o) Exercise such other powers and perform such other
duties and functions as may be prescribed by law or
ordinance. (Book III, Title One, Chapter 3, Section 389 of
the Local Government Code of 1991).
The Sangguniang Barangay, the legislative body of the
Barangay, shall be composed of the Punong Barangay as
presiding officer, and the seven (7) regular Sangguniang
Barangay members elected at large and SangguniangKabataan
chairman, as members (Book III, Title One, Chapter 4,
The Sangguniang Barangay, as the legislative body of
the Barangay, shall: (1) Enact ordinances as may be
necessary to discharge the responsibilities conferred upon
it by law or ordinance and to promote the general welfare
of the inhabitants therein; (2) Enact tax and revenue
ordinances, subject to the limitations imposed in this
Code; (3) Enact annual and supplemental budgets in
accordance with the provisions of this Code; (4) Provide
for the construction and maintenance of Barangay facilities
and other public works projects chargeable to the general

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fund of the Barangay or such other funds actually available
for the purpose; (5) Submit to the SangguniangPanlungsod or
Sangguniang Bayan such suggestions or recommendations as it
may see fit for the improvement of the Barangay or for the
welfare of the inhabitants thereof; (6) Assist in the
establishment, organization, and promotion of cooperative
enterprises that will improve the economic condition and
well-being of the residents; (7) Regulate the use of multi-
purpose halls, multipurpose pavements, grain or copra
dryers, patios and other post-harvest facilities, Barangay
waterworks, Barangay markets, parking areas or other
similar facilities constructed with government funds within
the jurisdiction of the Barangay and charge reasonable fees
for the use thereof; (8) Solicit or accept monies,
materials and voluntary labor for specific public works and
cooperative enterprises of the Barangay from residents,
land owners, producers and merchants in the Barangay;
monies from grants-in-aid, subsidies, contributions, and
revenues made available to the Barangays from national,
provincial, city or municipal funds; and monies from other
private agencies and individuals: Provided, however, That

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monies or properties donated by private agencies and
individuals for specific purposes shall accrue to the
Barangay as trust fund; (9) Solicit or accept, in any or
all the foregoing public works and cooperative enterprises,
such cooperation as is made available by national,
provincial, city, or municipal agencies established by law
to render financial, technical, and advisory assistance to
Barangays and to Barangay residents: Provided, however,
That in soliciting or accepting such cooperation, the
Sangguniang Barangay need not pledge any sum of money for
expenditure in excess of amounts currently in the Barangay
treasury or encumbered for other purposes; (10) Provide
compensation, reasonable allowances or per diems as well as
travel expenses for Sangguniang Barangay members and other
Barangay officials, subject to the budgetary limitations
prescribed under Title Five, Book II of this Code:
Provided, however, That no increase in the compensation or
honoraria of the Sangguniang Barangay members shall take
effect until after the expiration of the full term of all
members of the Sangguniang Barangay approving such
increase; (11) Hold fund-raising activities for Barangay

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projects without the need of securing permits from any
national or local office or agency. The proceeds from such
activities shall be tax-exempt and shall accrue to the
general fund of the Barangay: Provided, That in the
appropriation thereof, the specific purpose for which such
fund-raising activity has been held shall be first
satisfied: Provided, further, That no fund-raising
activities shall be held within a period of sixty(60) days
immediately preceding and after a national or local
election, recall, referendum, or plebiscite: Provided,
finally, That said fund-raising activities shall comply
with national policy standards and regulations on morals,
health, and safety of the persons participating therein.
The Sangguniang Barangay, through the Punong Barangay,
shall render a public accounting of the funds raised at the
completion of the project for which the fund-raising
activity was under- taken; (12) Authorize the
PunongBarangay to enter into contracts in behalf of the
Barangay, subject to the provisions of this Code; (a)
Authorize the Barangay treasurer to make direct purchases
in an amount not exceeding One thousand pesos (P1,000.00)at

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any one time for the ordinary and essential administrative
needs of the Barangay; (b) Prescribe fines in amounts not
exceeding One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) for violation of
Barangay ordinances; (c) Provide for the administrative
needs of the LupongTagapamayapa and the
pangkatngtagapagkasundo; (d) Provide for the organization
of community brigades, Barangay tanod, or community service
units as may be necessary; (e) Organize regular lectures,
programs, or for a on community problems such as
sanitation, nutrition, literacy, and drug abuse, and
convene assemblies to encourage citizen participation in
government; (f) Adopt measures to prevent and control the
proliferation of squatters and mendicants in the Barangay;
(g) Provide for the proper development and welfare of
children in the Barangay by promoting and supporting
activities for the protection and total development of
children, particularly those below seven (7) years of age;
(h) Adopt measures towards the prevention and eradication
of drug abuse, child abuse, and juvenile delinquency; (i)
Initiate the establishment of a Barangay high school,
whenever feasible, in accordance with law; (j) Provide for

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the establishment of a non-formal education center in the
Barangay whenever feasible, in coordination with the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports,; (k) Provide
for the delivery of basic services; and (l) Exercise such
other powers and perform such other duties and functions as
may be prescribed by law or ordinance (Book III, Title One,
Chapter 4, Section 391 of the Local Government Code of
1991).
Other duties of Sangguniang Barangay Members in
addition to their duties as members of the Sangguniang
Barangay, Sangguniang Barangay members may: (a) Assist the
Punong Barangay in the discharge of his duties and
functions; (b) Act as peace officers in the maintenance of
public order and safety; and (c) Perform such other duties
and functions as the Punong Barangay may delegate (Book
III, Title One, Chapter 4, Section 392 of the Local
Government Code of 1991).
The Barangay secretary shall: (a) Keep custody of all
records of the Sangguniang Barangay and the Barangay
assembly meetings; (b) Prepare and keep the minutes of all

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meetings of the Sangguniang Barangay and the Barangay
assembly; (c) Prepare a list of members of the Barangay
assembly, and have the same posted in conspicuous places
within the Barangay; (d) Assist in the preparation of all
necessary forms for the conduct of Barangay elections,
initiatives, referenda or plebiscites, in coordination with
the Comelec; (e) Assist the municipal civil registrar in
the registration of births, deaths, and marriages; (f) Keep
an updated record of all inhabitants of the Barangay
containing the following items of information: name,
address, place and date of birth, sex, civil status,
citizenship, occupation, and such other items of
information as may be prescribed by law or ordinances; (g)
Submit a report on the actual number of Barangay residents
as often as may be required by the Sangguniang Barangay;
and (h) Exercise such other powers and perform such other
ordinance (Book III, Title One, Chapter 5, Section 394 of

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The Barangay treasurer shall: (a) Keep custody of
Barangay funds and properties; (b) Collect and issue
official receipts for taxes, fees, contributions, monies,
materials, and all other resources accruing to the Barangay
treasury and deposit the same in the account of the
Barangay as provided under Title Five, Book II of this
Code; (c) Disburse funds in accordance with the financial
procedures provided in this Code; (d) Submit to the Punong
Barangay a statement covering the actual and estimates of
income and expenditures for the preceding and ensuing
calendar years, respectively, subject to the provisions of
Title Five, Book II of this Code; (e) Render a written
accounting report of all Barangay funds and property under
his custody at the end of each calendar year, and ensure
that such report shall be made available to the members of
the Barangay assembly and other government agencies
concerned; (f) Certify as to the availability of funds
whenever necessary; (g) Plan and attend to the rural postal
circuit within his jurisdiction; and (h) Exercise such
other powers and perform such other duties and functions as
may be prescribed by law or ordinance (Book III, Title One,

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Chapter 5, Section 395 of the Local Government Code of
1991).
There shall be a Barangay assembly composed of all
persons who are actual residents of the Barangay for at
least six (6) months, fifteen (15) years of age or over,
citizens of the Philippines, and duly registered in the
list of Barangay assembly members. (b) The Barangay
assembly shall meet at least twice a year to hear and
discuss the semestral report of the Sangguniang Barangay
concerning its activities and finances as well as problems
affecting the Barangay. Its meetings shall be held upon
call of the Punong Barangay or of at least four (4) members
of the Sangguniang Barangay, or upon written petition of at
least five percent (5%) of the assembly members. (c) No
meeting of the Barangay assembly shall take place unless a
written notice is given one (1) week prior to the meeting
except on matters involving public safety or security, in
which case notice within a reasonable time shall be
sufficient. The Punong Barangay, or in his absence, the
Sangguniang Barangay member acting as Punong Barangay, or
any assembly member selected during the meeting, shall act

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as presiding officer in all the meetings of the assembly.
The Barangay secretary, or in his absence, any member
designated by the presiding officer to act as secretary,
shall discharge the duties of secretary of the Barangay
assembly (Book III, Title One, Chapter 6, Section 398 of
The Barangay assembly shall: (a) Initiate legislative
processes by recommending to the Sangguniang Barangay the
adoption of measures for the welfare of the Barangay and
the city or municipality concerned;(b) Decide on the
adoption of initiative as a legal process whereby the
registered voters of the Barangay may directly propose,
enact, or amend any ordinance; and (c) Hear and pass upon
the semestral report of the Sangguniang Barangay concerning
its activities and finances (Book III, Title One, Chapter
6, Section 398 of the Local Government Code of 1991).
There is hereby created in each Barangay a
LupongTagapamayapa, hereinafter referred to as the lupon,
composed of the Punong Barangay as chairman and ten(10) to

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twenty (20) members (Book III, Title One, Chapter 7,
The lupon shall: (a) Exercise administrative
supervision over the conciliation panels provided herein;
(b) Meet regularly once a month to provide a forum for
exchange of ideas among its members and the public on
matters relevant to the amicable settlement of disputes,
and to enable various conciliation panel members to share
with one another their observations and experiences in
effecting speedy resolution of disputes; and
(c) Exercise such other powers and perform such other
ordinance (Book III, Title One, Chapter 7, Section 402 of
Issues and Policy Options on the Delivery of Local Services
by the Barangay
This paper is born out of the need to address the
scarcity of evidence based studies on barangay financing.
It analyzes and evaluates key issues on financing of
devolved functions at the barangay level, with particular

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focus on fund utilization and program allocation, and
proposes some policy options addressing the issues. Its key
findings show: (a) a mismatch between financial
capabilities and devolved functions owing to limited funds
being spent mostly on personal services, with little money
left to finance these functions; (b) different priorities
of barangays mean different utilization of their barangay
development fund (BDF), with some of them failing to spend
on important basic services such as education and health,
as well as on economic development sector; (c) like other
barangays, those in the study areas in Agusan del Sur and
Dumaguete City are found to be highly dependent on internal
revenue allotment (IRA), which comprises 85 to 97 percent
of their total income; and (d) barangays are not addressing
the misalignment of revenue and expenditure assignment, as
well as the counter-equalizing and disincentive effects of
IRA, by not raising enough own-source revenues in their
localities.
As a policy intervention to help barangays financially
and eventually matter in local service delivery, this paper

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proposes three major options, namely: (a) giving the
barangays the option of allowing the higher LGUs to deliver
development-enhancing services such as education and health
that they themselves cannot deliver effectively and
sustainably; (b) pursuing a paradigm shift in understanding
and practicing barangay economic development by spending
their Barangay development fund mostly on economic-
enhancing activities aimed at increasing their coffers,
which would eventually enable them to fund other sectoral
responsibilities; and (c) giving incentives to barangays
that excel in their own source revenue performance and
creative use of corporate powers (Layug et al.,2010).
Issues and Concerns on the System of Barangay Government
With the devolution of powers and authority, the Local
Government Code has provided for a stronger role of local
governments. More functions and responsibilities had been
transferred to them which have given them more influence in
decision making regarding service delivery at the local
level. The devolved taxing powers and various mechanisms
for revenue generation have enhanced their capability to

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source out funds for more development projects in the local
area. The Code has also allowed for more effective
community governance through the institutionalization of
people participation via memberships in local development
councils and special bodies. It has provided as well for
various modes of participation such as in planning,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of local programs
and projects. But then the capability of local governments
to perform this role has been hampered due to the existence
of certain issues and concerns which still beset the
majority of local governments. A major concern is the
financial capacities of local governments. Many local
governments are rural based. As such, they do not have
large and broad tax bases. Despite the taxing powers given
them, they are not able to generate sufficient resources
simply because there are only a few business establishments
to tax in the area. Besides, the central government still
retains the more lucrative sources of taxes such as income,
customs duties and transportation levies and franchises.
Many local governments have not been activists in venturing
into alternative sources of revenues. They still depend on

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their local taxes and national government allotments. They
seem to lack political will or commitment among the local
chief executives to adopt more innovative approaches to
generate resources. An issue that has been constantly
bothering the implementation of frontline services at the
local level is the continued dominance of large scale
programs of the national government agencies. The local
governments assist the national agencies in the
implementation of such programs because these are
implemented in their local jurisdictions. And yet they
exercise little influence on decisions regarding
implementation. Political partisanship at the local level
is also a concern which seems to have affected to a certain
degree the participation of some people in local governance
(Legaspi, 2010).
The vital role of the barangay in nation building
According to De Guzman (2010) barangays seem to
overlap with the work of the city. They also formulate
their own ordinances that confuse the public all the more.
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Then what is worse is that they collect various fees and
require us to have permits for almost everything that we
want to do. Arent these officials performing like
Lilliputians? We are charged too many taxes national and
city taxes and then our little barangay also charge us
through their mini permit systems. And mind you, they can
easily come up with ordinances left and right. We have
become a country full of laws! Now that we have our new
barangay chairmen and kagawads in place, whats next? For
starters, do you have clean streets and sidewalks? Is your
neighborhood safe? Is the garbage collected? Do you have
public parks? Are they safe for children? Does your
community have squatters? What is the barangay doing about
them? Are there illegal street vendors and beggars? Are
they properly turned over to authorities? Can people walk
safely in the streets? Is there a fire and rescue unit? A
health-clinic?A school? A barangay office you can easily
have access to or is it hidden? Do you have approachable
barangay officials? Have they served your community well?
Do you actually realize the role the barangay has in your
locality? Do you know what you should expect from your

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barangay? We have to remember that the powers and functions
of barangay officials are significant to the development of
the nation. Government programs are implemented by them.
Section 384 of the Local Government Code of 1991 states
that: As the basic political unit, the barangay serves as
the primary planning and implementing unit of government
policies, plans, programs, projects and activities in the
community, and as a forum wherein the collective views of
the people may be expressed, crystallized and considered,
and where disputes may be amicably settled.

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Chapter 3
Methodology
This chapter deals with the research methodology,
location, respondents, sample and sample size, validity and
reliability of the instrument used and statistical
analysis.
Methods of Research
This study uses the descriptive method of research.
Descriptive research is conclusive in nature, as opposed to
exploratory. This means that descriptive research gathers
quantifiable information that can be used for statistical
inference on your target audience through data analysis. As
a consequence this type of research takes the form
of closed-ended questions, which limits its ability to
provide unique insights. However, used properly it can help
an organization better define and measure the significance
of something about a group of respondents and the
population they represent (Fluid Surveys Team, 2014).

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This study likewise uses the questionnaire consisting
of two parts: Part I includes the personal data of the
respondents and Part II includes questions to answer the
main problem on the level of satisfaction of the
electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan towards their
Barangay government.
Finally, interview is conducted from the respondents who
are the electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan.
Locale of the Study
The location of the study was at Barangay Carugdog, Lezo,
Aklan.
Respondents
The respondents of this research are the electorates
of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan who can be described as
youth, adult and elderly. The respondents will be chosen
through a form of random sampling method called lottery
method.
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Sample and Sample Size
The sample size in this study are not the actual
respondents. The total population of the respondent
electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan are eight
hundred twenty two (622).The sample size is three percent
(3%) of the total population of the respondents which is
composed of 22 people. The Slovins formula is utilized in
this research to find the sample size of the respondent.
Slovins formula is:
n = N / (1 + (N*e^2))
736
(1 + (736 0.052 )
=259
Where:
n = number of samples
N = total population
e = margin of error
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Validity and Reliability of the Instrument Used
Before the survey was conducted the researcher asked
for help from three experts to test the validity of the
questionnaire used. The experts are: Mrs. Fe V. Tafalla
Social Science Discipline Chairperson, Mr. Jancel R.
Magbiro Liberal Arts Department Adviser and Mr. Byron Paul
C. Beadoy English Discipline Instructor.
Instruments then should be pre-tested to the
respondents in the study.
Statistical Analysis
To get the profile of the respondents simple frequency
and percentage was utilized.
To test the relationship between the level of
satisfaction of the electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo,
Aklan towards their Barangay government and the age, sex,
family background and educational attainment of the
electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan,the Chi
Squarewas used.
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To describe the relationship between the variables the
Chi-square will be applied.
Chi square formula is:
X2= (fo-fe)/ fe
Where: 2 = Chi-square test
= summation
fo = frequency observed
fe = frequency expected
Statistical analysis and interpretation:
1. If Chi-square computed is lesser than the tabular Chi-
square value set at 5% level of significance, the
relationship between variable tested is not related.
Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.
If Chi-square computed is equal or greater than the
tabular Chi-square value set at 5% level of significance,
the relationship between variables tested is related.
Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected.

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Chapter 4
Presentation, Analysisand Interpretation of Data
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation
of data. Its presentation is based on the statement of the
problem. The topics include the level of satisfaction of
the electorates of Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan towards
their Barangay government, the profile of the respondents
according to their age, sex family income and educational
attainment. The relationship between the independent and
dependent variables were likewise presented.
Level of Satisfaction of the Electorates of Barangay
Carugdog, Lezo, AklanTowards their Barangay Government
Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan Towards their Barangay Government has
the following components:
The actions of the Barangay Council in terms of: creation
of Barangay ordinances, implementation of ordinances,
maintenance of peace and order, maintenance of Barangay
roads, implementing infrastructure facilities such as

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multipurpose pavement, sports center, implementing a
Barangay beautification program, implementing a solid waste
management program, supporting the agriculture sector, and
implementing projects for the youth.
The services rendered by the:Barangay health center,
Barangay hall and Barangay day care center.
The performance of the:Barangay health worker, Barangay
tanod, lupongtagapamayapa, Barangay secretary, Barangay
treasurer, Barangay day care worker, Barangay kagawads
andBarangay chairman.
Table 1 shows the level of satisfaction of all the
respondents to each statement. The level of satisfaction
are 5-Very Satisfied,4-Moderately Satisfied, 3-Slightly
Satisfied, 2-Satisfied and 1-Not at all satisfied.
Table 1. Level of Satisfaction of the Electorates of
Barangay Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan towards their Barangay
Government
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Statements 5 4 3 2 1
A.How satisfied are you with the actions
of by the Barangay Council in terms of:
1.Creation of Barangay ordinances 33 66 76 62 22
2.Implementation of ordinances 23 77 68 61 30
3.Maintenance of peace and order 63 97 59 33 7
4.Maintenance of Barangay roads 41 78 75 55 10
5.Implementing infrastructure facilities 65 86 72 27 9
such as multipurpose pavement and sports
center
6.Implementing a Barangay beautification 30 65 60 74 30
program
7.Implementing a solid waste management 28 49 80 69 33
program
8.Supporting the agriculture sector 32 70 68 75 14
9.Implementing projects for the youth 48 78 71 49 13
B.How satisfied are you with the services
rendered by:
10. Barangay Health Center 95 93 50 17 4
11. Barangay Hall 104 88 35 30 2
12.Barangay Day Care Center 118 91 29 17 4
C.How satisfied are you with the
performance of:
13.Barangay Health Worker 104 88 38 24 5
14.Barangay Tanod 87 82 47 32 11
15.LupongTagapamayapa 49 63 65 56 26
16.Barangay Secretary 115 76 37 23 8
17.Barangay Treasurer 100 80 41 29 9
18.Barangay Day Care Worker 109 90 38 14 8
19.Barangay Kagawads 97 65 57 32 8
20.Barangay Chairman 154 51 26 20 8
Total 1495 1533 1092 799 261
Legend: 5-Very Satisfied
4-Moderately Satisfied
3-Slightly Satisfied
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2-Satisfied
1-Not at all satisfied
Table 1 shows that on the Creation of Barangay
ordinancesout of 259 respondents 33 are very satisfied, 66
are moderately satisfied, 76 are slightly satisfied, 62 are
satisfied and 22 are not at all satisfied.On the
implementation of Barangay ordinances out of 259
respondents 23 are very satisfied, 77 are moderately
satisfied, 68 are slightly satisfied, 61 are satisfied and
30 are not at all satisfied. On the Maintenance of peace
and order out of 259 respondents 63 are very satisfied, 97
are moderately satisfied, 59 are slightly satisfied, 33 are
satisfied and 7 are not at all satisfied. On the
Maintenance of Barangay roads out of 259 respondents 41 are
very satisfied, 78 are moderately satisfied, 75 are
slightly satisfied, 55 are satisfied and 10 are not at all
satisfied. On Implementing infrastructure facilities such
as multipurpose pavement and sports center out of 259
9 are not at all satisfied. On Implementing a Barangay

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beautification program out of 259 respondents 30 are very
satisfied, 65 are moderately satisfied, 60 are slightly
satisfied, 74 are satisfied and 30 are not at all
satisfied. On Implementing a solid waste management program
out of 259 respondents 28 are very satisfied, 49 are
moderately satisfied, 80 are slightly satisfied, 69 are
satisfied and 33 are not at all satisfied. On Supporting
the agriculture sector out of 259 respondents 32 are very
satisfied. On Implementing projects for the youth out of
259 respondents 48 are very satisfied, 78 are moderately
13 are not at all satisfied. On the Barangay Health Center
out of 259 respondents 95 are very satisfied, 93 are
satisfied and 4 are not at all satisfied. On the Barangay
Hall out of 259 respondents 104 are very satisfied, 88 are
satisfied and 2 are not at all satisfied.On the Barangay
Day Care Center out of 259 respondents 118 are very

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satisfied, 17 are satisfied and 4 are not at all satisfied.
On the Barangay Health Workers out of 259 respondents 104
are very satisfied, 88 are moderately satisfied, 38 are
satisfied.On the Tanods out of 259 respondents 87 are very
satisfied.On the LupongTagapamayapa out of 259 respondents
49 are very satisfied, 63 are moderately satisfied, 65 are
satisfied.On the Barangay Secretary out of 259 respondents
satisfied.On the Barangay Treasurer out of 259 respondents
satisfied.On the Barangay Day Care Worker out of 259
8 are not at all satisfied.On the Barangay Kagawads out of

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8 are not at all satisfied.On the Barangay Chairman out of
8 are not at all satisfied.
Table 2.Profile of the Electorates in Barangay Carugdog in
terms of Age
Age Number Percent

15-30 107 41.31
31-60 124 47.88
61 & above 28 10.81
Total: 259 100%
Table 2 shows that 107 out of 259 respondents or 41.31% are
in the age bracket of 15-30 years old,124 out of 259 or
47.88% are in the age bracket of 31-60 years old, and 28
out of 259respondents or 10.81% are in the age bracket of
61 and above.
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Table 3. Profile of the Electorates in Barangay Carugdog in
terms of Sex
Sex Number Percent

Male 103 39.77
Female 156 60.23
Total: 259 100
Table 3 show that 103 out of 259 respondents or 39.77%
are male and 156 out of 259 or 60.23% are female.
terms of Family Income
Family Income Number Percent

1,000-5,000 69 26.64
5,001-10,000 52 20.08
10,001-15,000 64 24.71
15,001-20,000 39 15.06
20,001-25,000 24 9.27
above 25,000 11 4.25
Total: 259 100
Table 4 shows that 69 out of 259 respondents or 26.64%
have a family income of 1,000-5,000 pesos,52 out of 259
respondents or 20.08% have a family income of 5,001-10,000
pesos,64 out of 259 respondents or 24.71% have a family

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income of 10,001-15,000 pesos, 39 out of 259 respondents or
15.06% have a family income of 15,001-20,000 pesos, 24 out
of 259 respondents or 9.27% have a family income of 20,001-
25,000 pesos and 11 out of 259 respondents or 4.25% have a
family income of above 25,000 pesos.
terms of Educational Attainment
Educational Attainment Number Percent

Elementary Level 4 1.54
Elementary Graduate 3 1.16
High School Level 26 10.04
High School Graduate 61 23.55
College Level 85 32.82
College Graduate 75 28.96
Post Graduate 5 1.93
Total: 259 100
Table 5 shows that 4 out of 259 respondents or 1.54%
have an educational attainment of elementary level,3 out of
259 respondents or 1.16% have an educational attainment of
elementary graduate, 26 out of 259 respondents or 10.04%
have an educational attainment of high school level, 61 out
of 259 respondents or 23.55% have an educational attainment

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of high school graduate, 85 out of 259 respondents or
32.82% have an educational attainment of college level, 75
out of 259 respondents or 28.96% have an educational
attainment of college graduate and 5 out of 259 respondents
or 1.93% have an educational attainment of post graduate.
Bibliography
A. Books
Legaspi, Perla, E., Issues and Concerns on the System of

Barangay Government, Quezon City Philippines, NJP
Printmakers Inc., 2010
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66
B. Dictionary
Collins English Dictionary, New York City, New York,

United States, Harper Collins, 2014
Merriam Webster Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts,

United States, Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., 2016
Oxford Dictionary, Oxford, United Kingdom ,Oxford

University Press, 2015
The Free Dictionary by Farlex, New York City, New York,

United States, Harper Collins, 2011
Wests Encyclopedia of American Law, Detroit, Michigan,

United States, The Gale Group Inc., 2010
C. Unpublished Works
Layug, Allan, S. et.al, Do Barangays Really Matter in

Local Services Delivery? Some Issues and Policy
Options, Philippine Institute for Development
Studies, February 3, 2010
Schoefield, Peteret.al.,Does the factor theory of

satisfaction explain political voting behaviour?,
Sheffield Hallam University, August 19, 2015
Tel. Nos.: (036)268-4152; 268-9171
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67
Christensen, Tom et al.,Trust in Government the Relative

Importance of Service Satisfaction, Political Factors
and Demography,Bergen University Research Foundation,
September 7, 2012
D. Internet Sources
http://fluidsurveys.com/university/descriptive-
research-defining-respondents-drawing-conclusions/
http://www.philstar.com/opinion/625786/vital-role-
barangay-nation-building
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/start
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APPENDICES
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ANNEX A
Carugdog,Lezo,Aklan
January 4, 2017
Marilyn C. Flores
Barangay Chairman
Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan
Greetings of love and peace!
The POL SCI 19 subject under Dr. Malyn I. Villanueva

conducts class research. I am conducting a study entitled,
Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan towards their Barangay Government as
a partial requirement of the subject. I would like to
inform you that I will be conducting this study in your
Barangay.
Very truly yours,
JO ANDRE BON A. SASUMAN

Researcher
NOTED: RECEIVED
DR. MALYN I. VILLANUEVA MARILYN C. FLORES

Professor Barangay Chairman
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Annex B
Name(Optional):
Directions:Read the questions carefully and mark with a

check( ) on the space given, your choice of answer.
A. Profile
1. Age
15-30 31-60 61 and above
2. Sex
Male Female
3. Educational Attainment
Elementary Level___ Elementary Graduate___
High School Level___ High School Graduate___
College Level___ College Graduate___
Post Graduate___
4. Family Income
1,000-5,000___ 5,001-10,000___
10,001-15,000___ 15,001-20,000___
20,001-25,000___ above 25,000___
5. Number of years in Carugdog

1-10 years___ 11-20 years___
21-30 years___ 31-above years___
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Part II.
Directions: Read the questions carefully and mark with a
check( ) on the space given, your choice of answer.
5-Very Satisfied
4-Moderately Satisfied
3-Slightly Satisfied
2-Satisfied
1-Not at all satisfied
A. How satisfied are you with the actions of 5 4 3 2 1
by the Barangay Council in terms of:
1. Creation of Barangay ordinances
2. Implementation of ordinances
3. Maintenance of peace and order
4. Maintenance of Barangay roads
5. Implementing infrastructure facilities
such as multipurpose pavement and sports
center
6. Implementing a Barangay beautification
program
7. Implementing a solid waste management
program
8. Supporting the agriculture sector
9. Implementing projects for the youth
B. How satisfied are you with the services 5 4 3 2 1
rendered by:
10. Barangay Health Center
11. Barangay Hall
12. Barangay Day Care Center
C. How satisfied are you with the 5 4 3 2 1
performance of:
13. Barangay Health Worker
14. Barangay Tanod
15. LupongTagapamayapa
16. Barangay Secretary
17. Barangay Treasurer
18. Barangay Day Care Worker
19. Barangay Kagawads
20. Barangay Chairman
THANK YOU!!!
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CURRICULUM VITAE
Name: Jo Andre Bon A. Sasuman
Age: 19
Sex: Male
Date of Birth: June 18, 1997
Place of Birth: St. Anthony College Hospital, Roxas City,
Capiz
Father: Joel I. Sasuman
Mother: Gloda A. Sasuman
Citizenship: Filipino
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Residence: Brgy. Carugdog, Lezo, Aklan
Educational Background:
Elementary: Uldario P. Custudio Elementary School
High School: Catalino M. Prado National High School

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College: Aklan Catholic College
Course: Bachelor of Arts Major in Political Science

Level of Satisfaction of The Electorates of Barangay Carugdog

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Level of Satisfaction of The Electorates of Barangay Carugdog

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Aklan Catholic College

Archbishop Gabriel M. Reyes St.

Government is one of the four elements of a state.

Government is the organization or agency of the State which

makes, implements and enforces the laws of the state.

According to the Article II Section 1 of the 1987

Philippine constitution, the Philippines is a democratic

and republican state. Sovereignty resides in the people and

all government authority emanates from them. It means that

the Philippines is a representative democracy. Filipinos

vote for a candidate that they think would best represent

Sadly there are people who do not take voting in

elections seriously in fact there are some who chose not to

vote. They dont realize how hard our ancestors literally

fought just to have the right to vote. They would sometimes

did notthink of the far reaching consequences that their

decision not to vote will make. One vote counts it can

change the status quo in the barangay, municipality,

province and state.

One important reason why people should exercise their

right to suffrage is that their vote can serve as a way of

expressing satisfaction or dissatisfaction towards the

policies and the job being done by the elected government

officials. They can express their delight or grievance by

again or voting for a new candidate and a new party. A good

kind of elected leaders is essential to have a good

The Philippines has a unique local governmental unit

called Barangay which is the smallest unit of government.

Barangays are very important because, the Barangay serves

as the primary planning and implementing unit of government

policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the

community, and as a forum wherein the collective views of

the people may be expressed, crystallized and considered,

and where disputes may be amicably settled (Book III, Title

1 Section 384 of the Local Government Code of 1991).

Carugdog is a Barangay in the small municipality of

Lezo, Aklan. Most of its people are farmerswho are

struggling to provide for their families. According to the

voter turnout during the May 9, 2016 elections only 622

voted. The Local Government Code of 1991 provides that

Barangay governments should provide basic services and

facilities. Such basic services and facilities include, but

are not limited to, the following: For a Barangay: (i)

Agricultural support services which include planting

materials distribution system and operation of farm produce

collection and buying stations; (ii) Health and social

welfare services which include maintenance of Barangay

health center and day-care center; (iii) Services and

facilities related to general hygiene and sanitation,

beautification, and solid waste collection; (iv)

Maintenance of KatarungangPambarangay; (v) Maintenance of

Barangay roads and bridges and water supply systems (vi)

Infrastructure facilities such as multi- purpose hall,

multipurpose pavement, plaza, sports center, and other

similar facilities; (vii) Information and reading center;

and (viii) Satellite or public market, where viable.

The Barangay government has a direct contact with the

people really needs. Therefore it is deemed proper that

this research be conducted in order to check if the

incumbent Barangay governments performance by asking their

constituents level of satisfaction.

Statement of the Problem

This study deals with the satisfaction of the