EXOPLANETSare also known as extrasolar planets, are planets which exists outside our solar system

As of December 2015, there have been 1, 916 confirmed discoveries of exoplanets

In 1992 two planets orbiting a distant pulsar became the first exoplanets to be detected.
In 1995 51 B Pegasi B was first exoplanet to be discovered orbiting a sun like star.
Types of exoplanets
1. Gas giantsare planets similar to Jupiter and Saturn. Their mass is mostly composed of hydrogen and helium with
possibly a dense rocky or metallic core. Exoplanets with a mass of more than 10 times the earth are classified as gas
giants. Around a quarter of the planets that have been discovered outside our solar system are gas giants.
2. Hot Jupitersare gas giants planets similar in mass to Jupiter but which orbit very close to their parent star. As a result of
the close proximity to their star their surface temperatures exceed 700C (1300F). It seems that Hot Jupiters are very
common in our galaxy, making up more than half of exoplanet discoveries, which is not what astronomers expected at
all.
3. Super earthsare potentially rocky planets with up to 10 times the mass of Earth. The term super earth simply refers to the
mass of the planet and not to any planetary conditions, so some of these may actually be gas dwarfs. The first two
exoplanets to be detected were Super Earths orbiting around the pulsar PSR B1257+12
4. Free floating planetsorphan planets do not orbit around any star. It is believed that these isolated worlds were somehow
ejected from developing systems and now free-float around the galaxy. Although very few have been detected they are
belied to very common in our galaxy.
5. Pulsar Planetsorbit around pulsars or Neutron stars. These super dense, rapidly spinning stars are the core remains of a
large star after a supernova explosion. It is highly unlikely that any orbiting planet could survive the blast from a
supernova so Pulsar planets probably formed after the event and now orbit around the dead star.

EXOPLANETS
1) cOkU Tau/4this exoplanet found about 420 light years away around the star CoKu Tau 4, is one of the youngest
extraterrestrial worlds discovered. Its star is thought to be only abut 1 million years old, meaning its planet must be even
younger. That makes it a wee young one next to Earth, which is about 4.5 billion years old. Studying baby planets like
this could help astronomers figure out how planets are born in the first place.
2) PSR B1620-26bThis bizarre world estimated to be 1.3 billion years old, is one of the oldest known exoplanets. Its age
isn't its only weird factor. The gas giant planet which lies in a globular cluster M4, appears to be orbiting around not one
but two stars, in a binary system. Its parents stars are small dense white dwarf star and a quickly rotating pulsar.
3) SWEEPS10this zippy planet circles its parent star at one of the fastest rates yet discoveredabout once every 10
hours. It accomplishes this feat by dwelling extremely close to its staronly about 1.2 million kilometers or roughly
three times the span between the earth and the moon. At such distance the planet needs all of its hefty bulk (about 1.6
times the mass of Jupiter) to resist being torn apart by its star.
4) OGLE2005BLG390Lbin contrast to most exoplanets, which are fiery balls of gas, this globe is thought to be
hard and rocky. The planet about 5.5 times as massive as the earth, is still one of the coldest and most Earth-like planets
to be found to date. Sadly though, with a surface temperature of 364 degrees Fahrenheit or220 degrees Celsius,, it is
probably too frigid to host life.
5) HD 149026bthis boiling world is one of the hottest and densest ever found. None too pleasant to visit, the surface of the
planet is about 3700 degrees F or more than 2000 Cabout three times hotter than the surface of Venus, the hottest
planet in our solar system. It is so hot that scientists think it absorbs almost all of the heat from its star and reflects almost
no light. The scorching ball is smaller than Saturn, but has a core that weighs 70 to 90 times the mass of the entire earth.
6) Kepler 438bhas the highest ESI =0.88, of any exoplanet known. Discovered in 2015 around a red dwarf star,
significantly smaller and cooler than our sun, it has a radius only 12% larger than Earths. It orbits the star, which is 470
light years from Earth, every 35 days and is in its habitable zone, the region around a star which is neither too hot nor too
cold for orbiting planets to support liquid water on the surface.
7) As with other discoveries by Kepler around faint stars, the planets mass has not been measured, but if its composition is
rocky, it may be only 1.4 times that of the Earths with a surface temperature between ) C and 60 C. However, the ESI is
not a foolproof method for classifying the Earth-like nature of a planet. It has recently been found that Kepler 438bs
host star regularly sends out powerful flares of radiation, which may render the planet uninhabitable after all.
8) Gliese 667Cc (ESI =0.85) was discovered in 2011 orbiting a red dwarf in the Gliese 667 triple star system, just 24 light
eyars away. It was found by the radial velocity method, which is a measure of the small movement a star makes as it
responds to the gravitational tug of the planet. The planets mass has been estimated at 3.8 times the Earths but we don't
know its size. This is because the planet does not pass in front of the star, which would allow us to measure the planets
radius. With an orbital period of 28 days, it sits in the habitable zone of this cool star, with a possible surface temperature
of around 5 C
9) Kepler 442b (ESI = 0.84) is a planet 1.3 times the size of the earth discovered in 2015. it is orbiting a star coller than the
sun, about 1100 light years away. Its orbital period of 112 days places it in its stars habitable zone, but with a surface
temperature that could be as low as 40 C. However, by comparison, the temperatu on Mars can be 125 C near its poles
in the winter. Once again, the exoplanets mass is not known, but if it has a rocky composition, it may only be 2.3 times
the mass of the Earth.
10) Kepler 452b (ESU = 0.83) was discovered in 2015 and was the first potentially Earth-like planet orbiting in the habitable
zone of a star similar to our sun. The planets radius is 1.6 times that of the Earth and it takes 385 days to orbit its star,