:
:
:
: .
: .
: 2550
(Soil-Structure Interaction, SSI)
14 -
(Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis)
3
( 121 )
Name : Miss Sirigorn Nakpant
Thesis Title : Seismic Capacity Analysis for Tall Building in Bangkok Considering Soil-
Structure Interaction Effect
Major Field : Civil Engineering
King Mongkuts University of Technology North Bangkok
Thesis Advisor : Associate Professor Dr.Phaiboon Panyakapo
Co-Advisor : Assistant Professor Dr.Bancha Suparinayok
Academic Year : 2007
Abstract
This research is to study the seismic capacity of building taking account of the effects of
soil- structure interaction. A 14-storeys reinforced concrete building was selected in this study.
The building was modeled as slab-column frame located in Bangkok area where the site condition
is soft clay, and it has not been designed for earthquake effect. In this study, nonlinear dynamic
analysis was employed. The foundation was modeled as flexible foundation. The stiffness of the
piles was varied to take into account of the flexibility of the piles. It was found that the seismic
capacity of building with flexible foundation was less than that of building with fixed foundation,
particularly when the soil was very soft. In addition, the seismic damage of structure with flexible
foundation was greater than that of fixed base building.
(Total 121 pages)
Advisor
. .
. .
1 1
1.1 1
1.2 2
1.3 2
1.4 2
1.5 3
2 7
2.1 7
2.2 9
3 19
4 21
4.1 21
4.2 26
4.3 26
4.4 32
4.5 35
5 39
5.1 39
5.2 42
5.3 45
5.4 48
5.5 56
5.6 66
5.7 71
( )
6 75
6.1 75
6.2 77
79
81
82
83
84
115
116
121
2-1
14
2-2 17
4-1 30
4-2
35
5-1 7 41
5-2 44
5-3 47
5-4 55
5-5 55
5-6 10 61
5-7 10 61
5-8 8-9 66
5-9 8-9 66
5-10
5 71
1-1 2
4
1-2 2 5
2-1 Winkler 8
2-2 Capacity Curve 9
2-3 Capacity Curve Pushover Analysis
10
2-4 11
2-5 12
2-6 - 9
- 12
2-7 13
2-8 14
2-9 Ks/Kb 15
2-10 2
16
2-11 16
2-12
(3
) 17
2-13 3 18
3-1 20
4-1 21
4-2 Modified TAKEDA Hysteresis 27
4-3 Giberson 28
4-4 28
4-5 Linear Elastic Hysteresis 29
( )
4-6 33
4-7
34
4-8 36
4-9 36
5-1 39
5-2 42
5-3 45
5-4 49
5-5 53
5-6 100 57
5-7 500 58
5-8 2,500 59
5-9 2,500 84
percentile 60
5-10 100 62
5-11 500 63
5-12 2,500 64
5-13 2,500 84
percentile 65
5-14 100 67
5-15 500 68
5-16 2,500 69
5-17 2,500 84
percentile 70
5-18
72
-1 2 82
( )
-2 2 82
1.1
5.5
..2528 8.1
400
( , 2548: 38)
3 6
..2550 Uniform Building
Code (UBC-1985) UBC-1997
(Soil-Structure Interaction, SSI)
2
1.2
1.2.1 (Rigid Frame System)
(Slab Column Structure)
(Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis)
1.2.2
1.3
(Homogeneous Halfspace)
2 (Double-Cone Model)
(Elastic Fullspace)
1.4
1.4.1 2
14 2 -
2
1-1
3
1-2
1.4.2
(Return
Period) 100 , 500 , 2,500 2,500 84 percentile RUAUMOKO2D
1.4.3
1.5
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
RUAUMOKO2D
1.5.4
4
1-1 2
5
1-2 2
2
2.1
2.1.1
(Anelastic Properties)
50
67%
(Permanent Displacement)
Elasticity Plasticity
The Subgrade-Reaction Model, Elastic Continuum Model Two-Parameter Elastic Model
(Two-Parameter Elastic Model)
2
2 Winkler
Filonenko-Borodich (1940, 1945),
Hetnyi (1946), Pasternak (1954) Kerr (1964)
Elastic Membranes, Shearing
8
q( x, y ) = kw( x, y ) (2-1)
2-1 Winkler
9
2.1.2
(Linear) Linear Static Linear Dynamic (Nonlinear)
Nonlinear Static Nonlinear Dynamic
(Nonlinear Dynamic) Time
History Time History
(Capacity Curve)
(Base Shear)
(Roof Lateral Displacement)
Capacity Curve 2-2
Base Shear
Roof Displacement ( max / y )
( )
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.1.1 (2544: INV245-266)
9
Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM)
10
Pushover Analysis
Capacity Curve
Demand Curves
4
2-3 2-4
Seismic Capacity
2-4
Lateral Stiffness, Vertical Stiffness Rotational Stiffness
(Flexible
Foundation)
2-5
2-6 - 9 -
-
-
2-6
Subgrade Reaction
13
2.2.2
2-7
14
2-8
2-1
%
() 1x1 5x5 10 x 10
T1 T2 T1 T2 T1 T2
5 17.5 25.7 47.2 35.2 43.5 43.5 43.1
10 35 8.5 12.5 12.1 15.5 15.4 15.4
20 70 5.5 5.0 5.8 6.4 6.5 6.5
40 140 6.5 4.2 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.4
60 210 7.8 4.7 5.5 3.8 3.8 3.8
( K s / K b ) 2-9 K s / K b
15
2-9 Ks / Kb
2-7 Winkler model
(Lateral Soil Spring
Element) (Lateral Soil Damping
Element) (Roller Support)
2-12 2-13
16
SRSS
2-2
2-10 2
2-11
17
Winkler Model
(Halfspace) (Lateral Soil Spring
Element) (Lateral Soil Damping Element)
2-2 ( , 2549)
SSI
90.49 207.83
(kN.m)
2023.83 2488.587
(kN.m)
2-12
(3 )
18
2-13 3
: Fixed 1, Fixed 2 Fixed 3 1,
1+2 1+2+3
SSI 1, SSI 2 SSI 3
1, 1+2 1+2+3
3
3.1 2
Winkler Model Stiffness
Oonchittikul (1990: 126-130)
3.2 Finite Element (Slab-
Column Structure) 2
3.3 RUAUMOKO2D
(Base Shear Force)
(Roof Lateral Displacement)
(Capacity Curve)
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
20
2
(Fixed Foundation)
(Flexible Foundation)
SSI
Winkler Model
Stiffness
Finite Element
2
(SSI)
RUAUMOKO2D
SSI
3-1
4
Time History
(Ground Motion)
4.1
14 2
-
4-1
() 2 8
4-1
22
() 9-14
()
4-1 ( )
23
()
4-1 ( )
24
()
4-1 ( )
25
()
4-1 ( )
26
4.2
( f c' ) 320 ./..
0.17 7-Wire Strand 270
12.7 . ( Ec )
4-1 ( G ) 4-2
Ec
G= (4-2)
2(1 + )
( f y ) 4000 ./..
1.97 106 ./.. 2.04 106 ./..
4.3
2
(Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis)
4.3.1
Modified TAKEDA Hysteresis 4-2
(Reloading Stiffness)
(Unloading Stiffness) 0.43
0.60 0.35 0.23
27
Giberson 4-3 Beam-Column
(Plastic Hinge Length; l p )
4-3 4-4
l p ,beam = 2h (4-3)
h ()
f y (Mpa)
db ()
28
4-3 Giberson
4.3.2
Beam-Column
(Axial Load and Moment
Interaction Diagram) 4-4
4-4
PYC
PB (Balanced Failure)
MB
M 0
PYT
29
(Bucking)
(Crushing)
4.3.3
(Linear
Elastic Hysteresis) 4-5
4.3.4
Park&Ang (1985)
(Damage Index; DI ) 4-5
m E
DI = + h (4-5)
u Fy u
m
u ( u = y )
30
y
Fy
E h
0.15
Park et al. (1987) 4-1 DI
0.4 DI 0.4
DI 1.0
4-1
0
0.00-0.19
0.20-0.30
0.31-0.49
0.50-0.60
0.61-1.00
>1.00
31
( )
ACI 318-05 ( Ash, ACI ) 4-6 4-7
f c' Ag
Ash , ACI = 0.3shc 1 (4-6)
f yh Ac
f c'
Ash , ACI = 0.09shc (4-7)
f yh
Lukkunaprasit P. (2004)
4-8
Luo Y.H., Durrani A.J.
Conte J.P. (1994) slab 12.5
10.56
4.4
( r0 )
( a )
(Homogeneous Halfspace)
2 (Double-Cone Model) (Elastic
Fullspace) m
Pi
ui ( i = 1, , m )
4-6
33
4-6
4-7
( K h )
( K v ) ( K r ) 4-10, 4-11 4-12
0.21
E
K h = 2r0 Es p (4-10)
Es
0.67
l
K v = 3.8r0 Es (4-11)
2r0
0.75
E
K r = 1.2r Es p
0
3
(4-12)
Es
34
Es
E p
ro
l
4-7
4.4.1
4.4.1.1 (Modulus of Elasticity)
Oedometric
Selvadurai (1979: 423)
(Undrained Shear Strength, S u ./.2) ( Es )
4-13
E s = 500S u (4-13)
35
14
3
SSI 1, SSI 2
SSI 3 4-2
Oonchittikul (1990: 126-130)
4-2
SSI S u (/..) E s = 500S u (/..)
SSI 1 0.60 300
SSI 2 1.655 827.5
SSI 3 2.71 1,355
4.5
4.5.1
(Gravity Load)
2,400 ./.3
180 ./.2
4.5.2
SIMQKE
(Warnitchai P.,
2000) 4-8 (Return Period) 4
100 , 500 , 2,500 2,500 84 percentile
36
SIMQKE
4
4-9
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
4-9
37
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
2
14 2
RUAUMOKO2D
2
Storey Level
16
14
12
Fix
10
SSI 3
8
6 SSI 2
4 SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
5-1
40
Storey Level
16
14
12
10 Fix
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
Storey Level
16
14
12
Fix
10
SSI 3
8
6 SSI 2
4 SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
5-1 ( )
41
Storey Level
16
14
12
10 Fix
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
2,500 84 percentile
1 7 SSI 1
0.006803 0.1397 SSI 2 0.006713 0.1341 SSI 3 0.006695 0.1306
0 0.1222 8 16
SSI 1 0.1608 0.3264 SSI 2
0.147 0.235 SSI 3 0.1451 0.2504
0.1564 0.3453 7
5-1
5-1 7
() SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.03733 0.02396 0.02765 0.0274
500 0.08726 0.05304 0.04275 0.0535
2,500 0.09219 0.07138 0.06125 0.06926
2,500 84 percentile 0.13970 0.13410 0.13060 0.12220
42
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
-0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
5-2
43
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
-0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
Limit of Building Regulation (UBC-1985)
Storey Level
16
14
12
Fix
10
SSI 3
8
6 SSI 2
4 SSI 1
2
0
-0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
5-2 ( )
44
6 SSI 2
4 SSI 1
2
0
-0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
100
SSI 1
0.739073 0.5
..2550 SSI 2 SSI 3 0.233842
0.185
0.169063 500 SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3
1.58804, 0.36885 0.35875
0.325
5-2
5-2
Interstorey Drift (%) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.739073 0.233842 0.185000 0.169063
500 1.588040 0.368850 0.358750 0.325000
2,500 1.865450 0.621875 0.735000 0.590625
2,500 84 percentile 1.968700 0.728810 0.777857 0.978947
45
SSI 1 100
0.739073 500 1.58804 2,500
1.86545 2,500 84 percentile 1.9687
0.5 ..2550
..2550 Uniform
Building Code (UBC-1985)
(Working Stress Design) 0.5
(Ultimate Strength Design)
Uniform Building Code (UBC-1997)
2.0
2.0
DI values
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
5-3
46
Storey Level
16
14
12
10 Fix
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
DI values
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
Storey Level
16
14
12
Fix
10
SSI 3
8
6 SSI 2
4 SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
DI values
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
5-3 ( )
47
Storey Level
16
14
12
10 Fix
8 SSI 3
6 SSI 2
4
SSI 1
2
0
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
DI values
5-3
5-3
DI max SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.2048 0.1903 0.1906 0.1988
500 0.4183 0.4054 0.3913 0.3701
2,500 0.6143 0.524 0.533 0.4762
2,500 84 percentile 0.7711 0.6828 0.6754 0.6792
100
SSI 1, SSI 2, SSI 3
DI max 0.20
500 SSI 1, SSI 2,
SSI 3 DI max = 0.31-0.49
2,500 SSI 1 DI max = 0.6143
48
SSI 2
SSI 3 DI max = 0.524 0.533
DI max = 0.4762
2,500
84 percentile SSI 1, SSI 2, SSI 3 DI max =
0.61-1.00
5.4
2,500 2,500 84 percentile 1-2, 8-9 9-10
SSI 1, SSI 2 SSI 3
5-4
49
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
5-4
50
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
5-4 ( )
51
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
5-4 ( )
52
SSI 1, SSI 2 SSI 3 2,500 2,500 84 percentile
5-5
5-4
5-4
DI beam SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.087-0.229 0.084-0.208 0.085-0.207 0.090-0.201
500 0.119-0.446 0.117-0.472 0.108-0.451 0.096-0.402
2,500 0.084-0.731 0.114-0.630 0.099-0.610 0.097-0.540
2,500 84 percentile 0.081-0.869 0.103-0.778 0.083-0.755 0.124-0.837
8-12
8-11 100
500
2,500 2,500 84 percentile
5-5
5-5
DI column SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100
500 0.251-0.902
2,500 0.271-1.131 0.580-0.983 1.063 0.481-2.125
2,500 84 percentile 0.241-2.320 0.250-1.867 0.276-2.260 0.273- 4.557
56
5.5
10
100 , 500 , 2,500
2,500 84 percentile 5-6, 5-7, 5-8 5-9
57
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 1
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 2
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 3
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 3
5-6 100
58
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 1
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 2
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 3
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 3
5-7 500
59
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 1
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 2
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 3
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 3
5-8 2,500
60
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 1
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 2
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
150000
100000 Fix
50000 SSI 3
0
-0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025
-50000
Curvature (rad)
-100000
-150000
() SSI 3
5-9 2500 84 percentile
61
10 5-6 5-7
5-6 10
Momentbeam (.-.) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 113,900 113,200 113,100 112,700
500 119,000 116,500 116,100 117,100
2,500 120,900 116,900 118,200 118,900
2,500 84 percentile 122,400 120,600 121,300 119,500
5-7 10
Curvaturebeam (rad) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.01040 0.00951 0.00943 0.00892
500 0.01733 0.01412 0.01346 0.01479
2,500 0.01995 0.01596 0.01704 0.01782
2,500 84 percentile 0.02276 0.01951 0.02042 0.01824
10
8-9
100 , 500 , 2,500 2,500 84
percentile 5-10, 5-11, 5-12 5-13
62
Moment (kg-m)
60000
40000 Fix
20000 SSI 1
0
-0.0010 -0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0010
-20000
Curvature (rad)
-40000
-60000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
60000
40000 Fix
20000 SSI 2
0
-0.0010 -0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0010
-20000
Curvature (rad)
-40000
-60000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
60000
40000 Fix
20000 SSI 3
0
-0.0010 -0.0005 0.0000 0.0005 0.0010
-20000
Curvature (rad)
-40000
-60000
() SSI 3
5-10 100
63
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 1
100000
0
-0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 2
100000
0
-0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 3
100000
0
-0.003 -0.002 -0.001 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.003
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 3
5-11 500
64
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 1
100000
0
-0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
300000
200000 Fix
100000 SSI 2
0
-0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 3
100000
0
-0.006 -0.004 -0.002 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 3
5-12 2,500
65
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 1
100000
0
-0.015 -0.010 -0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 1
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 2
100000
0
-0.015 -0.010 -0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 2
Moment (kg-m)
300000
Fix
200000
SSI 3
100000
0
-0.015 -0.010 -0.005 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015
-100000
Curvature (rad)
-200000
-300000
() SSI 3
5-13 2500 84 percentile
66
8-9 5-8 5-9
5-8 8-9
Momentcolumn (.-.) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 52,960 51,120 47,880 52,010
500 196,400 130,700 123,200 104,800
2,500 224,100 211,200 192,900 166,900
2,500 84 percentile 241,000 227,400 218,600 171,600
5-9 8-9
Curvaturebeam (rad) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.000574 0.000555 0.000519 0.000564
500 0.002123 0.001418 0.001336 0.001137
2,500 0.005325 0.002931 0.002047 0.001907
2,500 84 percentile 0.012470 0.008366 0.004524 0.001862
8-9
0.01
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50
-0.01
-0.02 Time (sec)
-0.03
-0.04
() SSI 1
Displacement (m)
0.04
Fix
0.03
0.02 SSI 2
0.01
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50
-0.01
-0.02 Time (sec)
-0.03
-0.04
() SSI 2
Displacement (m)
0.04
Fix
0.03
0.02 SSI 3
0.01
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50
-0.01
-0.02 Time (sec)
-0.03
-0.04
() SSI 3
5-14 100
68
Displacement (m)
0.09
Fix
0.06
SSI 1
0.03
0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
-0.03
Time (sec)
-0.06
-0.09
() SSI 1
Displacement (m)
0.09
Fix
0.06
SSI 2
0.03
0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
-0.03
Time (sec)
-0.06
-0.09
() SSI 2
Displacement (m)
0.09
Fix
0.06
SSI 3
0.03
0.00
0 20 40 60 80 100
-0.03
Time (sec)
-0.06
-0.09
() SSI 3
5-15 500
69
Displacement (m)
0.12
Fix
0.08
SSI 1
0.04
0.00
0 30 60 90 120 150
-0.04
Time (sec)
-0.08
-0.12
() SSI 1
Displacement (m)
0.12
Fix
0.08
SSI 2
0.04
0.00
0 30 60 90 120 150
-0.04
Time (sec)
-0.08
-0.12
() SSI 2
Displacement (m)
0.12
Fix
0.08
SSI 3
0.04
0.00
0 30 60 90 120 150
-0.04
Time (sec)
-0.08
-0.12
() SSI 3
5-16 2,500
70
Displacement (m)
0.15
Fix
0.10
SSI 1
0.05
0.00
0 50 100 150 200
-0.05
Time (sec)
-0.10
-0.15
() SSI 1
Displacement (m)
0.15
Fix
0.10
SSI 2
0.05
0.00
0 50 100 150 200
-0.05
Time (sec)
-0.10
-0.15
() SSI 2
Displacement (m)
0.15
Fix
0.10
SSI 3
0.05
0.00
0 50 100 150 200
-0.05
Time (sec)
-0.10
-0.15
() SSI 3
5-17 2,500 84 percentile
71
5 5-10
5-10 5
Displacementmax (.) SSI 1 SSI 2 SSI 3 Fixed
100 0.03733 0.02396 0.02765 0.02739
500 0.08727 -0.06530 -0.06101 0.05350
2,500 -0.11960 -0.09183 -0.09129 -0.08322
2,500 84 percentile 0.13970 0.13410 0.13060 0.12220
0.05
0.04
Fix
0.03
SSI 3
0.02
SSI 2
0.01
SSI 1
0.00
0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
() 100 (PGA=0.075g)
V/W
0.12
0.10
0.08
Fix
0.06
SSI 3
0.04
SSI 2
0.02
SSI 1
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25
() 500 (PGA=0.15g)
5-18
73
V/W
0.25
0.20
0.15 Fix
0.10 SSI 3
SSI 2
0.05
SSI 1
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
() 2,500 (PGA=0.20g)
V/W
0.20
0.15
Fix
0.10
SSI 3
0.05 SSI 2
SSI 1
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45
SSI 1 < SSI 2 < SSI 3
6
6.1
100 , 500 ,
2,500 2,500 84 percentile RUAUMOKO2D
6.1.1
10
2 5
6.1.2
( S u = 0.6 /..) 2
0.5 2550
Uniform Building Code (UBC-1985) 2.0 Uniform
Building Code (UBC-1997)
6.1.3
8
6.1.4
3-14
76
1-2, 8-9 9-10
Soft Story Failure
1
1
()
1
6.1.5
10 8-9
6.1.6
5
18
6.1.7
23
77
6.2
.
.
, 2546.
.
. . 16(3),
2548 : 8-15.
.
(). . (- 2548) : 37-45.
.
.
7. , 2544, .
.
.
11. , 2549, .
, .
Capacity
Demand Diagram.
11. , 2549, .
Applied Technology Council. Seismic evaluation and retrofit of concrete buildings, ATC-40
Report. Redwood City California : Applied Technology Council, c1996.
Bing L., and Park R. Confining reinforcement for high-strength concrete columns. ACI
Structural Journal. 101(3), (2004) : 314-324.
Lukkunaprasit P. Load history effect on cyclic behavior of reinforced concrete tied columns.
Journal of structure engineering. 130(10), (2004) : 1629-1633.
80
Luo Y.H., Durrani A.J., and Conte J.P. Equivalent frame analysis of flat plate buildings for
seismic loading. Journal of structure engineering. 120(7), (1994) : 2137-2155.
Oonchittikul, S. Performance of bored piles in Bangkok subsoils. M.Eng.Thesis, Asian Institute
of Technology, 1989.
Otani, S. SAKE, A Computer program for inelastic response of R/C frames to earthquakes.
Report UILU-Eng-74-2029. [n.p.] : Civil Engineering Studies, Univ. of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign, 1974.
Park Y.J., and Ang A.H.S. Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete. Journal
of structure engineering. 111(4), (1985) : 722-739.
Selvadurai, A. P. S. Elastic analysis of soil-foundation interaction. Development in Geotechnical
Engineering Vol. 17. Netherlands : Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, c1979.
Wolf, J. P. Foundation vibration analysis using simple physical models. NJ : Prentice Hall,
c1994.
82
-1 2
-2 2
84
NODES 1
1 0.0 0.0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1 ! Level 0 - Foundation Level
2 7.0 0.0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1
3 16.5 0.0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1
4 19.5 0.0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1
5 29.0 0.0 0 0 0 -1 -1 0 1
6 0.0 1.0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 ! Level 1 - Second Underground Level
7 7.0 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
8 16.5 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
9 19.5 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
10 29.0 1.0 0 0 0 9 0 0 1
11 0.0 3.5 0 0 0 12 0 0 1 ! Level 2 - First Underground Level
12 7.0 3.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
13 16.5 3.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
14 19.5 3.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
15 29.0 3.5 0 0 0 14 0 0 1
16 0.0 6.7 0 0 0 17 0 0 1 ! Level 3 - First Floor
17 2.4 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
18 7.0 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
19 16.5 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
20 19.5 6.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
21 29.0 6.7 0 0 0 20 0 0 1
22 2.4 10.9 0 0 0 23 0 0 ! Level 4
23 7.0 10.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
24 16.5 10.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
25 19.5 10.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
26 29.0 10.9 0 0 0 25 0 0 1
27 2.4 15.1 0 0 0 28 0 0 1 ! Level 5
28 7.0 15.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
29 16.5 15.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
30 19.5 15.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
31 29.0 15.1 0 0 0 30 0 0 1
32 2.4 19.3 0 0 0 33 0 0 1 ! Level 6
33 7.0 19.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
85
34 16.5 19.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
35 19.5 19.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
36 29.0 19.3 0 0 0 35 0 0 1
37 2.4 23.5 0 0 0 38 0 0 1 ! Level 7
38 7.0 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
39 16.5 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
40 19.5 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
41 29.0 23.5 0 0 0 40 0 0 1
42 2.4 27.5 0 0 0 43 0 0 1 ! Level 8
43 7.0 27.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
44 16.5 27.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
45 19.5 27.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
46 29.0 27.5 0 0 0 45 0 0 1
47 2.4 31.3 0 0 0 48 0 0 1 ! Level 9
48 7.0 31.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
49 16.5 31.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
50 19.5 31.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
51 29.0 31.3 0 0 0 50 0 0 1
52 2.4 34.5 0 0 0 53 0 0 1 ! Level 10
53 7.0 34.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
54 16.5 34.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
55 19.5 34.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
56 29.0 34.5 0 0 0 55 0 0 1
57 7.0 37.7 0 0 0 58 0 0 1 ! Level 11
58 16.5 37.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
59 19.5 37.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
60 29.0 37.7 0 0 0 59 0 0 1
61 7.0 40.9 0 0 0 62 0 0 1 ! Level 12
62 16.5 40.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
63 19.5 40.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
64 29.0 40.9 0 0 0 63 0 0 1
65 7.0 44.1 0 0 0 66 0 0 1 ! Level 13
66 16.5 44.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
67 19.5 44.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
68 29.0 44.1 0 0 0 67 0 0 1
69 7.0 47.3 0 0 0 70 0 0 1 ! Level 14
70 16.5 47.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
71 19.5 47.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
72 29.0 47.3 0 0 0 71 0 0 1
73 7.0 50.5 0 0 0 74 0 0 1 ! Level 15
74 16.5 50.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
75 19.5 50.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
76 29.0 50.5 0 0 0 75 0 0 1
77 7.0 53.7 0 0 0 78 0 0 1 ! Level 16 - 14th Floor
78 16.5 53.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
86
79 19.5 53.7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
80 29.0 53.7 0 0 0 79 0 0 1
DRIFTS
3 8 13 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 58 62 66 70 74 78
ELEMENTS 1
1116 161 ! Foundarion Cap - Level 0 - 1
2227 271
3338 381
4449 491
5 5 5 10 5 10 1
6 6 6 11 6 11 1 ! Column - Level 1 - 2
7 7 7 12 7 12 1
8 8 8 13 8 13 1
9 9 9 14 9 14 1
10 10 10 15 10 15 1
11 11 11 16 11 16 1 ! Column - Level 2 - 3
12 12 12 18 12 18 1
13 13 13 19 13 19 1
14 14 14 20 14 20 1
15 15 15 21 15 21 1
16 16 17 22 17 22 1 ! Column - Level 3 - 4
17 17 18 23 18 23 1
18 18 19 24 19 24 1
19 19 20 25 20 25 1
20 20 21 26 21 26 1
21 21 22 27 22 27 1 ! Column - Level 4 - 5
22 22 23 28 23 28 1
23 23 24 29 24 29 1
24 24 25 30 25 30 1
25 25 26 31 26 31 1
26 26 27 32 27 32 1 ! Column - Level 5 - 6
27 27 28 33 28 33 1
28 28 29 34 29 34 1
29 29 30 35 30 35 1
30 30 31 36 31 36 1
31 31 32 37 32 37 1 ! Column - Level 6 - 7
32 32 33 38 33 38 1
33 33 34 39 34 39 1
34 34 35 40 35 40 1
35 35 36 41 36 41 1
36 36 37 42 37 42 1 ! Column - Level 7 - 8
37 37 38 43 38 43 1
38 38 39 44 39 44 1
87
39 39 40 45 40 45 1
40 40 41 46 41 46 1
41 41 42 47 42 47 1 ! Column - Level 8 - 9
42 42 43 48 43 48 1
43 43 44 49 44 49 1
44 44 45 50 45 50 1
45 45 46 51 46 51 1
46 46 47 52 47 52 1 ! Column - Level 9 - 10
47 47 48 53 48 53 1
48 48 49 54 49 54 1
49 49 50 55 50 55 1
50 50 51 56 51 56 1
51 51 53 57 53 57 1 ! Column - Level 10 - 11
52 52 54 58 54 58 1
53 53 55 59 55 59 1
54 54 56 60 56 60 1
55 55 57 61 57 61 1 ! Column - Level 11 - 12
56 56 58 62 58 62 1
57 57 59 63 59 63 1
58 58 60 64 60 64 1
59 59 61 65 61 65 1 ! Column - Level 12 - 13
60 60 62 66 62 66 1
61 61 63 67 63 67 1
62 62 64 68 64 68 1
63 63 65 69 65 69 1 ! Column - Level 13 - 14
64 64 66 70 66 70 1
65 65 67 71 67 71 1
66 66 68 72 68 72 1
67 67 69 73 69 73 1 ! Column - Level 14 - 15
68 68 70 74 70 74 1
69 69 71 75 71 75 1
70 70 72 76 72 76 1
71 71 73 77 73 77 1 ! Column - Level 15 - 16
72 72 74 78 74 78 1
73 73 75 79 75 79 1
74 74 76 80 76 80 1
75 75 67 671 ! Level 1- Second Underground Level
76 76 78 781
77 77 89 891
78 78 9 10 9 10 1
79 79 11 12 11 12 1 ! Level 2 - First Underground Level
80 80 12 13 12 13 1
81 81 13 14 13 14 1
82 82 14 15 14 15 1
83 83 16 17 16 17 1 ! Level 3 - First Floor
88
84 84 17 18 17 18 1
85 85 18 19 18 19 1
86 86 19 20 19 20 1
87 87 20 21 20 21 1
88 88 22 23 22 23 1 ! Level 4
89 89 23 24 23 24 1
90 90 24 25 24 25 1
91 91 25 26 25 26 1
92 92 27 28 27 28 1 ! Level 5
93 93 28 29 28 29 1
94 94 29 30 29 30 1
95 95 30 31 30 31 1
96 96 32 33 32 33 1 ! Level 6
97 97 33 34 33 34 1
98 98 34 35 34 35 1
99 99 35 36 35 36 1
100 100 37 38 37 38 1 ! Level 7
101 101 38 39 38 39 1
102 102 39 40 39 40 1
103 103 40 41 40 41 1
104 104 42 43 42 43 1 ! Level 8
105 105 43 44 43 44 1
106 106 44 45 44 45 1
107 107 45 46 45 46 1
108 108 47 48 47 48 1 ! Level 9
109 109 48 49 48 49 1
110 110 49 50 49 50 1
111 111 50 51 50 51 1
112 112 52 53 52 53 1 ! Level 10
113 113 53 54 53 54 1
114 114 54 55 54 55 1
115 115 55 56 55 56 1
116 116 57 58 57 58 1 ! Level 11
117 117 58 59 58 59 1
118 118 59 60 59 60 1
119 119 61 62 61 62 1 ! Level 12
120 120 62 63 62 63 1
121 121 63 64 63 64 1
122 122 65 66 65 66 1 ! Level 13
123 123 66 67 66 67 1
124 124 67 68 67 68 1
125 125 69 70 69 70 1 ! Level 14
126 126 70 71 70 71 1
127 127 71 72 71 72 1
128 128 73 74 73 74 1 ! Level 15
89
129 129 74 75 74 75 1
130 130 75 76 75 76 1
131 131 77 78 77 78 1 ! Level 16
132 132 78 79 78 79 1
133 133 79 80 79 80 1
PROPS
1 SPRING ! Cap - Column C1 Level 0 - 1
3 0 0 0 2030260.185 3340262.821 41594463.32 1536 ! Basic section properties
2 SPRING ! Cap - Column C5 Level 0 - 1
3 0 0 0 3654468.333 4055277.39 242578910.1 1536
3 SPRING ! Cap - Column C3 Level 0 - 1
3 0 0 0 4060520.37 6680525.641 83188926.63 1536
4 SPRING ! Cap - Column C3 Level 0 - 1
3 0 0 0 4060520.37 6680525.641 83188926.63 1536
5 SPRING ! Cap - Column C5 Level 0 - 1
3 0 0 0 3654468.333 4055277.39 242578910.1 1536
6 FRAME ! Column - C1 Level 1 - 2
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.441635856 0.441635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.789863739 1.789863739 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
7 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 1 - 2
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.476155264 0.476155264
-3419294.72 -867918.171 549651.4 553521.24 548051.81 515378.165 1800960 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.552561431 1.552561431 18.40636493 18.40636493 0.15 0.15
8 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 1 - 2
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.476155264 0.476155264
-3059617.28 -860144.143 453183.395 454960.113 443146.52 411079.036 1415040 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.510036608 1.510036608 11.82715523 11.82715523 0.15 0.15
9 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 1 - 2
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.476155264 0.476155264
-3059617.28 -860144.143 453183.395 454960.113 443146.52 411079.036 1415040 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.487218532 1.487218532 11.82715523 11.82715523 0.15 0.15
10 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 1 - 2
90
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.476155264 0.476155264
-3419294.72 -867918.171 549651.4 553521.24 548051.81 515378.165 1800960 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.708369082 1.708369082 18.40636493 18.40636493 0.15 0.15
11 FRAME ! Column - C1 Level 2 - 3
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.792075832 1.792075832 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
12 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 2 - 3
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.532155264 0.532155264
-3419294.72 -867918.171 549651.4 553521.24 548051.81 515378.165 1800960 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.632132118 1.632132118 18.40636493 18.40636493 0.15 0.15
13 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 2 - 3
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.532155264 0.532155264
-3059617.28 -860144.143 453183.395 454960.113 443146.52 411079.036 1415040 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.581673106 1.581673106 11.82715523 11.82715523 0.15 0.15
14 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 2 - 3
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.532155264 0.532155264
-3059617.28 -860144.143 453183.395 454960.113 443146.52 411079.036 1415040 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.566241651 1.566241651 11.82715523 11.82715523 0.15 0.15
15 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 2 - 3
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.532155264 0.532155264
-3419294.72 -867918.171 549651.4 553521.24 548051.81 515378.165 1800960 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.735474277 1.735474277 18.40636493 18.40636493 0.15 0.15
16 FRAME ! Column - C1 Level 3 - 4
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.577635856 0.577635856
91
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.734203818 1.734203818 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
49 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 8 - 9
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.739918857 1.739918857 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
50 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 8 - 9
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.772319924 1.772319924 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
51 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 10 - 11
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.784000740 1.784000740 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
52 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 10 - 11
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.763594266 1.763594266 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
53 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 10 - 11
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.768748883 1.768748883 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
54 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 10 - 11
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.783475850 1.783475850 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
55 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 11 - 12
97
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.789466727 1.789466727 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
56 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 11 - 12
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.780842202 1.780842202 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
57 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 11 - 12
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.783366045 1.783366045 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
58 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 11 - 12
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.789281490 1.789281490 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
59 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 12 - 13
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.791976285 1.791976285 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
60 FRAME ! Column - C3 Level 12 - 13
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
-2108231.68 -808826.279 263034.011 249020.367 207660.857 137012.14 394240 0
0.23 0.60 1 2
2.0 2.0 1.789099449 1.789099449 4.363906292 4.363906292 0.15 0.15
61 FRAME ! Column - C5 Level 12 - 13
200401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 0.64 0.592 0.03413 1536 0.40 0.40
0.03 0.03 0.497635856 0.497635856
98
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
100 FRAME ! Level 7
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -2189.6 2189.6 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
101 FRAME ! Level 7
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 0.15 0.15
102 FRAME ! Level 7
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -1428 1428 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 0.15 0.15
103 FRAME ! Level 7
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
104 FRAME ! Level 8
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -2189.6 2189.6 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
105
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
105 FRAME ! Level 8
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 0.15 0.15
106 FRAME ! Level 8
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -1428 1428 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 0.15 0.15
107 FRAME ! Level 8
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
108 FRAME ! Level 9
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -2189.6 2189.6 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 0.15 0.15
109 FRAME ! Level 9
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
0.03 0.03 0.46 0.46
95279.855 95279.855 -4522 4522 0.0 506728.244 0
0 0 109442.5787 -109442.5787 109442.5787 -109442.5787
0.35 0.43 1 2
2.0 2.0 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 10.55556 0.15 0.15
110 FRAME ! Level 9
101401
2701170116.82 1154346203.77 2.07 1.845 0.00913 4968 0.115 0.115
106
LOADS ! Loads not in member initial conditions i.e. transverse walls etc, columns
1 0.0 0.0 0.0 ! Level 0 - Cap Level
2 0.0 0.0 0.0
3 0.0 0.0 0.0
4 0.0 0.0 0.0
5 0.0 0.0 0.0
6 0.0 -1800 0.0 ! Level 1 - Second Underground Level
7 0.0 0.0 0.0
8 0.0 0.0 0.0
9 0.0 0.0 0.0
10 0.0 -1800 0.0
11 0.0 -1536 0.0 ! Level 2 - FIRST Underground Level
12 0.0 0.0 0.0
13 0.0 0.0 0.0
14 0.0 0.0 0.0
15 0.0 -1536 0.0
16 0.0 0.0 0.0 ! Level 3 - First Floor
17 0.0 -1512 0.0
18 0.0 -1512 0.0
19 0.0 0.0 0.0
20 0.0 0.0 0.0
21 0.0 -1512 0.0
22 0.0 -1512 0.0 ! Level 4
23 0.0 0.0 0.0
24 0.0 0.0 0.0
25 0.0 0.0 0.0
26 0.0 -1512 0.0
27 0.0 -1512 0.0 ! Level 5
28 0.0 0.0 0.0
29 0.0 0.0 0.0
30 0.0 0.0 0.0
31 0.0 -1512 0.0
32 0.0 -1512 0.0 ! Level 6
33 0.0 0.0 0.0
34 0.0 0.0 0.0
35 0.0 0.0 0.0
36 0.0 -1512 0.0
37 0.0 -1440 0.0 ! Level 7
38 0.0 0.0 0.0
39 0.0 0.0 0.0
40 0.0 0.0 0.0
41 0.0 -1440 0.0
42 0.0 -1368 0.0 ! Level 8
113
EQUAKE
1 1 0.02 100000.0 45.0 ! "BERG" format accelerogram
116
C2 3-4
f = 320 ksc, f = 144 ksc = 713.803 MPa, f = 4000 ksc, f = 4000 ksc
c
'
c y yh
2 2
A = 295.68 cm , A = 1.13 cm
st sh
Ag
f '
Ash, ACI = 0.3shc
c
1
Ac
f yh
= 0.3( 28.8)(75)
320 6400
1 = 15.869 cm2
4000 4900
= 1 + 15.54(0.046) 12.86(0.046) 2
= 1.694
,col
= 0.00735 , = 1.30612 ,
Ash 15.869 Ag 6400
= =
sh hc (28.8)(75) Ac 4900
,col 22.4206 + 22
0.00735 = (1.30612) (0.08)(1.98319 0.006
117
,col = 7.9564
117
c d
s = b cu
cb
1 : s1
44.751 6
= 0.003 = 0.002598
44.751
f s1 = E s1 s1 = 2.04 10 6 (0.002598 ) = 5299 .459 ksc
f s1 > f y : f s1
= 4000 ksc (Compression Control)
2 : = 44.751 23 0.003 = 0.001458
s2
44.751
f s 2 = E s 2 s 2 = 2.04 10 6 (0.001458) = 2974.595 ksc
f s2 < f y : f s2
= 2974.595 ksc (Compression Control)
3 : = 44.751 40 0.003 = 0.000318
s3
44.751
f s 3 = E s 3 s 3 = 2.04 10 6 (0.000318 ) = 649.73 ksc
f s3 < f y : f s3
= 649.73 ksc (Compression Control)
4 : = 44.751 57 0.003 = 0.000821
s4
44.751
f s 4 = E s 4 s 4 = 2.04 10 6 ( 0.000821) = 1675.135 ksc
fs4 < 0 : fs4
= 1675.135 ksc (Tension Control)
5 : = 44.751 74 0.003 = 0.001961
s5
44.751
f s 5 = E s 5 s 5 = 2.04 10 6 ( 0.001961) = 4000 ksc
f s5 < 0 : f s5 = 4000 ksc (Tension Control)
f c' 280 320 280
1 = 0.85 0.05 = 0.85 0.05 = 0.821
70 70
118
a = 1cb = 36.760 cm
Cc = 0.85 f c'ba = 0.85(320)(80)(36.76) = 799891 .948 kg
1 : C s1
kg
= As1 ( f s1 0.85 f c' ) = 80.08( 4000 0.85(320 )) = 298538
4 : T s4 = A f = 49.28(1675.135) = 82551 kg
s4 s4
PB : P = C + C + C + C
b c s1 s2 s3 T T = 842704.281 kg
s4 s5
MB : M = C h a + C h d + C
b c s1 1 s2
h h h h
d 2 + C s 3 d 3 + Ts 4 d 4 + Ts 5 d 5
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= 42002434.817 kg-cm
e = 21.60625953 cm < Cb (Tension Control)
= c d
s cu
c
1 : s1
21.60625953 6
= 0.003 = 0.00217
21.60625953
f s1 = E s1 s1 = 2.04 10 6 (0.00217 ) = 4420 ksc
f s1 > f y : f s1
= 4000 ksc (Compression Control)
2 : = 21.60625953 23 0.003 = 0.00019
s2
21.60625953
f s 2 = E s 2 s 2 = 2.04 10 ( 0.00019 ) = 3956
ksc
fs2 < 0 : f s2
= 395 ksc (Tension Control)
3 : = 21.60625953 40 0.003 = 0.00255
s3
21.60625953
f s 3 = E s 3 s 3 = 2.04 10 6 ( 0.00255) = 5210 ksc
f > f :
f s3 < 0 s3 y f s3 = 4000 ksc (Tension Control)
4 : s4
21.60625953 57
= 0.003 = 0.00727
21.60625953
f s 4 = E s 4 s 4 = 2.04 10 6 ( 0.00727 ) = 10025 ksc
f > f :
fs4 < 0 s4 y fs4 = 4000 ksc (Tension Control)
5 : s5
21.60625953 74
= 0.003 = 0.00727
21.60625953
f s 5 = E s 5 s 5 = 2.04 10 6 ( 0.00727 ) = 14841 ksc
f > f :
f s5 < 0 s5 y f s5 = 4000 ksc (Tension Control)
1 : C s1 = As1 ( f s1 0.85 f c' ) = 80.08( 4000 0.85(320 )) = 298538 kg
119
2 : T s2
kg
= As 2 f s 2 = 49.28(395) = 194548
P0 : P = C + C T T
0 c s1 s2 s3 T T = 0 kg
s4 s5
M0 : M = C h a + C h d + T
0 c s1 1 s2
h h h h
d 2 + Ts 3 d 3 + Ts 4 d 4 + Ts 5 d 5
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= 36082241.436 kg-cm
PYT : P n = As f y = 295.68( 4000 ) = 1182720 kg
( K ) ( K ) h v
( K ) F2 (SSI 1)
r
2 2
S = 0.6 t/m , r = 0.5 m, E = 15100 10000 f = 2701170116.82 kg/m
u 0 p c
'
2
E = 500S = 300000 kg/m
s u
l = 14 m
0.21
Ep
0.21
2701170116.82
K h = 2r0 Es = 2(0.5)(300000) = 2030260.185
Es 300000
0.67 0.67
l 14
K v = 3.8r0 Es = 3.8(0.5)(300000) = 3340262.821
2r0 2(0.5)
0.75
Ep
0.75
2701170116.82
K r = 1.2r Es 0
3
= 1.2(0.5) 3 (300000) = 41594463.32
Es 300000
121
:
:
:
12 2517 200/39 1
14 10210
2539
2543-
2 ()