What is the Cloud?

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Module Objectives

Understand "the cloud":

Define and describe
Understand the SPI model
Describe different deployment models
Understand OpenStack's business values:
Understand the value of open source products
Understand how OpenStack addresses various use cases
OpenStack in Telco
OpenStack in Enterprise
OpenStack and Developers
Understand the OpenStack Ecosystem
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Definition

As described by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST):

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient,

on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that
can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort
or service provider interaction

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Essential Characteristics of the Cloud*

On-demand Self-service Resource Pooling

Provisioning of computing capabilities (compute, Computing resources are pooled to serve multiple
network, storage) without human interaction consumers using a multi-tenant model
Customer generally has no knowledge over the exact
location of resources

Broad Network Access

Services are available over the network and accessed Measured Service
through standard mechanisms
Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and
reported

Rapid Elasticity
Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and
released to scale rapidly

*According to NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

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SPI Model

Software as a Service (SaaS)

SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)
Provides consumers with an application
Browser or thin client access
running on a cloud infrastructure

Consumer Flexibility
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Level of Abstraction

Provides consumers with the ability to PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PAAS)

deploy an application to the cloud Remote login to install applications

utilizing tools and platform supported by

the provider INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IAAS)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Provision CPU, RAM, VM

Provides consumers with the ability to

provision fundamental computing Data Center
Hardware, servers, networking
resources and deploy arbitrary software

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Cloud Deployment Models

Private Cloud Public Cloud

Cloud services are only available to members of a
single organization. Cloud services are offered to the general public.
Cloud infrastructure can be hosted by the same Cloud infrastructure is hosted by anyone.
organization or a third-party.

Community Cloud Hybrid Cloud

Cloud services are offered to members of a community Composition of two or more distinct cloud
or organization. infrastructure, such as a Private+Public cloud
Cloud infrastructure is hosted by members of the same combination.
organization.

*According to NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology)

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OpenStack Business Values

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Value of Open Source

Open Source accelerates industry wide adoption

Reduce TCO (Total cost of ownership)
Backed by a (potentially) large community
Increased security and trust
Example: Android

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Telecommunications

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Telco Challenge

Factoids from Sorabh Saxena, SVP of AT&T at OpenStack summit in Austin:

From 2007 [to 2015], our mobile data traffic grew

150,000%
On an average day, 114 Petabytes of data traverse our
network

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Network Function Virtualization

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AT&T and OpenStack

Chose OpenStack as core foundation for cloud

virtualization technology
Committed staff to OpenStack community and
development
Helped drive OpenStack NFV initiatives
70+ OpenStack clouds deployed globally (in production)
5.7% of network resources currently controlled by
OpenStack with plans for 75% by 2020

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 Enterprise

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Enterprise meets user demand

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OpenStack meets Enterprise

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Enterprise Use Case - Automobile Industry

Vehicle sensors
Insurance
Web & Mobile apps
Social media
Dealers

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OpenStack Solution

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Volkswagen Group

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Enterprise Use Case - DigitalFilm Tree

Adaptive workflow from many teams

Frequently changing workload with many peaks of
resource requests
Cross-cloud interoperability
Handle production & post-production work at scale

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DigitalFilm Tree - Workflow

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DigitalFilm Tree - Cloud benefits

Workflow simplification - no more transport of hard copy

media (tapes & drives)
Enhanced security - film producer has exclusive control
over content (Keystone)
Resiliency - data is replicated across multiple regions
Latency - third party public cloud close to filming location
Decreased cost - less logistical overhead and flexible
resource provisioning

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 Developers

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Developers Paradox

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OpenStack Embrace

OpenStack community spans across the globe with various

mailing groups and events
Common open API across public and private clouds allow for
ease of development on multiple platforms
Choose from multiple PaaS, scripting tools, application
catalogs, etc.
Heat - define environment through simple template and deploy
Murano - application catalog with wide variety of OpenStack ready
services
Even existing tools such as Vagrant has support for OpenStack
Contribute to fixing bugs directly
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The Ecosystem

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Key Players

MONETIZATION STRATEGIES
Service & Training Tools Distro Managed Cloud Derivative Product Appliance

LEAST OPINIONATED MOST OPINIONATED

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Complementary Vendors

NAMES WE HEAR, WHEN IT COMES TO

Configuration
Platforms Storage Servers Networking
Management
Rightscale Puppet Ceph Dell Cisco
OpenShift Chef Solidfire Supermicro Nicira
Cloud Foundry Ansible NetApp HP Big Switch
ServiceMesh SaltStack Coraid ODMs Juniper
Active State Seagate Arista
Scalr EMC Brocade
enStratus F5

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 Summary

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Future of OpenStack

Jonathan Bryce, Executive Director of the OpenStack Foundation:

Half of Fortune 100 companies now use OpenStack

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Summary

There are 5 main characteristics of a cloud

On-demand self-service
Broad network access
Rapid Elasticity
Resource pooling
Measured service
The SPI model describes different tiers in which a cloud
platform may situate themselves and the general level of
complexity and abstraction each tier entails
Cloud deployment models include private, public. community,
and hybrid
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