Mengurangi Downtime Jaringan Komputer Dengan Hot Standby

Router Protocol Berbasis Cisco Di PT Lumbung Riang

Communication

Bilal Alif Sri Cipta

41512110168

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA

FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER
UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA
JAKARTA
2017
Mengurangi Downtime Jaringan Komputer Dengan Hot Standby
Router Protocol Berbasis Cisco Di PT Lumbung Riang
Communication

Laporan Tugas Akhir

Diajukan Untuk Melengkapi Persyaratan

Menyelesaikan Gelar Sarjana Komputer

Disusun oleh :
Bilal Alif Sri Cipta
41512110168

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA

FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER
UNIVERSITAS MERCU BUANA
JAKARTA
2017
Daftar Isi

ABSTRAKSI ........................................................................................................................... i
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... ii
Daftar Isi.............................................................................................................................. iii
Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................................... vii
Daftar Tabel........................................................................................................................ vii
Definisi ............................................................................................................................. viiii
BAB 1. PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................ 1-1
1.1. Latar Belakang..................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2. Rumusan Permasalahan ..................................................................................... 1-11
1.3. Tujuan & Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................. 1-11
1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian...................................................................................... 1-11
1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian.................................................................................... 1-22
1.4. Ruang Lingkup & Batasan Penelitian................................................................. 1-22
1.4.1 Ruang Lingkup ......................................................................................... 1-12
1.4.2 Batasan Penelitian..................................................................................... 1-22
1.5. Metodologi Penelitian ........................................................................................... 1-43
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan Laporan............................................................................. 1-4
BAB 2. LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................................... 2-1
2.1. Jaringan Komputer............................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.1 Sejarah Jaringan Komputer ...................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2 Perangkat Jaringan Komputer .................................................................. 2-2
2.1.3 Topologi Jaringan Komputer..................................................................... 2-3
2.2. OSI Layer ............................................................................................................ 2-6
2.2.1 Fungsi Layer OSI ....................................................................................... 2-7
2.3. Internet Protocol Version 4.................................................................................. 2-8
2.4. Quality of Service (QoS) ...................................................................................... 2-9
2.4.1 Parameter Quality of Service (QoS) ........................................................... 2-9
2.5. Routing Protocol................................................................................................ 2-10
2.5.1 Static Routing ............................................................................................ 2-10
2.5.2 Dynamic Routing....................................................................................... 2-10
2.6. Downtime........................................................................................................... 2-11
2.6.1 Unsur-Unsur dalam Konsep Downtime ................................................... 2-12
2.5.2 Penyebab Downtime.................................................................................. 2-12
2.7. Hot Standbt Router Protocol (HSRP)................................................................. 2-13
2.7.1 Sistem Kerja HSRP .................................................................................. 2-14

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 2.8. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ............................................................................. 2-15
2.9. Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) ......................................................... 2-15
BAB 3. ANALISA SISTEM ......................................................................................... 3-1
3.1. Analisa Masalah................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2. Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem HSRP......................................................................... 3-1
3.3. Analisa Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras .................................................................... 3-2
3.4. Analisa Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak.................................................................... 3-2
3.4.1 GNS3 ........................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4.2 Wireshark ................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4.3 VSFTPD...................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4.4 PuTTY ........................................................................................................ 3-3
3.5. Topologi Jaringan Komputer Awal ...................................................................... 3-3
3.5.1 Pengalamatan IP ........................................................................................ 3-4
3.5.2 Konfigurasi Router Eksisting..................................................................... 3-4
BAB 4. PERANCANGAN............................................................................................ 4-1
4.1. Perancangan Jaringan Komputer Fitur HSRP ....................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Perancangan Pengalamatan IP .................................................................. 4-2
4.1.2 Simulasi Sistem ........................................................................................... 4-2
4.2. Algoritma............................................................................................................. 4-6
4.2.1 Algoritma Implementasi ............................................................................. 4-6
4.2.2 Algoritma Penentuan Active dan Standby Router ...................................... 4-7
BAB 5. IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN........................................................... 5-11
5.1. Lingkungan Implementasi.................................................................................. 5-11
5.1.1 Perangkat Keras ......................................................................................... 5-1
5.2. Implementasi ....................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.1 Pengalamatan IP pada Router ................................................................... 5-1
5.2.2 Konfigurasi Routing OSPF pada Router ................................................. 5-13
5.2.3 Verifikasi Routing OSPF .......................................................................... 5-13
5.2.4 Konfigurasi HSRP pada Router............................................................... 5-14
5.2.5 Verifikasi Konfigurasi HSRP ................................................................... 5-15
5.3. Hasil Pengujian.................................................................................................. 5-66
5.3.1 Skenario Uji Coba Black Box ................................................................... 5-86
5.3.2 Hasil Uji Coba Black Box ......................................................................... 5-97
5.3.3 Skenario Uji Coba Performansi Jaringan................................................ 5-97
5.3.4 Hasil Uji Coba Performansi Jaringan...................................................... 5-99

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BAB 6. PENUTUP........................................................................................................ 6-1
6.1. Kesimpulan.......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2. Saran.................................................................................................................... 6-1
Daftar Pustaka ................................................................................................................... A

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Daftar Gambar
Gambar 2-1 Topologi BUS .................................................................................................................2-3
Gambar 2.2 Topologi Star ...................................................................................................................2-4
Gambar 2.4 Topologi Hybird ..............................................................................................................2-6
Gambar 2.5 Model Layer OSI ........................................................................................................... 2-7
Gambar 2.6 NDLC ........................................................................................................................... 2-16
Gambar 3.1 Topologi Jaringan Komputer PT Lumbung Riang Communication .............................. 3-4
Gambar 4.1 Desain Jaringan Komputer dengan HSRP .................................................................... 4-1
Gambar 4.2 Topologi Simulasi di GNS3 ........................................................................................... 4-2
Gambar 4.3 Test Komunikasi Data pada Simulasi GNS3 ................................................................. 4-3
Gambar 4.4 Test Akses FTP Server pada Simulasi GNS3 ................................................................. 4-4
Gambar 4.5 Test Fail Over Ketika Ping ............................................................................................. 4-4
Gambar 4.6 Test Fail Over Ketika Akses dan Unggah ke FTP Server.............................................. 4-5
Gambar 4.7 Pengambilan Data pada Simulasi ................................................................................. 4-5
Gambar 4.8 Flowchart Perencanaan Implementasi Sistem .............................................................. 4-6
Gambar 4.9 Flowchart Penentuan Active dan Standby Router ......................................................... 4-8
Gambar 5.1 show ip ospf neighbor dan show ip route pada ROUTER MAIN .................................. 5-3
Gambar 5.2 show ip ospf neighbor dan show ip route pada ROUTER BACKUP ............................ 5-4
Gambar 5.3 show standby pada ROUTER MAIN.............................................................................. 5-5
Gambar 5.4 show standby pada ROUTER BACKUP ........................................................................ 5-6

Daftar Tabel
Tabel 3.1 Daftar Perangkat Keras.................................................................................................... 3-2
Tabel 3.2 Daftar Perangkat Lunak ................................................................................................... 3-2
Tabel 3.3 Daftar Pengalamatan IP................................................................................................... 3-4
Tabel 4.1 Pengalamatan IP pada Router .......................................................................................... 4-2
Tabel 4.2 Pengalamatan IP pada Device ......................................................................................... 4-2
Tabel 5.1 Skenario Pengujian Backup Link dengan Black Box........................................................ 5-6
Tabel 5.2 Skenario Pengujian Link Failover dengan Black Box ...................................................... 5-6
Tabel 5.3 Hasil Pengujian Backup Link dengan Black Box ............................................................. 5-7
Tabel 5.4 Skenario Pengujian Link Failover dengan Black Box ...................................................... 5-7
Tabel 5.5 Tabel Pengukuran QoS Skenario 1 ................................................................................... 5-8
Tabel 5.6 Tabel Pengukuran QoS Skenario 2 ................................................................................... 5-8
Tabel 5.7 Tabel Hasil Pengukuran QoS Skenario 1 ......................................................................... 5-9
Tabel 5.8 Tabel Hasil Pengukuran QoS Skenario 2 ......................................................................... 5-9

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Definisi
Istilah Pengertian
Sebuah sistem yang terdiri dari dua atau lebih komputer yang saling
Jaringan terhubung satu sama lain melalui media transmisi atau media
Komputer komunikasi sehingga dapat saling berbagi data, aplikasi maupun
berbagi perangkat keras komputer
Catatan outcome yang dihasilkan dari fungsi suatu pekerjaan tertentu
Performansi
atau kegiatan selama suatu periode waktu tertentu.
Perangkat keras jaringan komputer yang dapat digunakan untuk
menghubungkan beberapa jaringan yang sama atau berbeda. Router
Router adalah sebuah alat untuk mengirimkan paket data melalui jaringan atau
internet untuk dapat menuju tujuannya, proses tersebut dinamakan
routing.
Adalah sebuah perangkat router utama yang melakukan semua tugas
Main Router
ketika kondisi jaringan komputer normal.
Adalah sebuah perangkat router yang melakukan semua tugas Main
Backup Router
Router ketika kondisi Main Router bermasalah.
Status router pada fitur Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) dimana
Active Router jika router pada status ini router akan meneruskan paket menuju
jaringan luar.
Status router pada fitur Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) dimana
jika router pada status ini router akan terus memantau status active
Standby Router
router dan ketika terjadi gangguan pada active router, standby router
akan melakukan tugas active router.
Waktu yang diperlukan selama peralatan atau mesin tidak dapat
digunakan atau mesin mengalami kerusakan (gangguan), sehingga
Downtime mesin atau peralatan tidak dapat menjalankan fungsinya sesuai dengan
yang diharapkan dengan baik.

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