Protective lighting

Defending the nature of facility protective lighting will designed either to

emphasize the illumination of the perimeter barrier and the outside approaches to
it, or to concentrate on the area and the building within the perimeter.

WHAT IS PROTECTIVE LIGHTING

The idea that lighting can provide improve protection for people and facilities
is as old as civilization. Protective lighting is the single most cost effective deterrent
to crime because it creates a psychological deterrent to the intruders.
PERIMETER LIGHTING
Usually referred to as protective lightings is completely a part of standard
system in security when fence and guard are employed.
PURPOSE OF PROTECTIVE LIGHTING
1. To provide sufficient illumination to areas in the hours of darkness.
2. To improve visibility of human guards for identification purposes and
apprehension of intruders.
3. It gives as psychological deterrence to potential intruders.
IMPORTANCE OF PROTECTIVE LIGHTING
1. Serve as deterrent to violators
2. Assisting security force
3. Serve as the essential elements of an integrated physical security
program.
TYPES OF PROTECTIVE LIGHTING
1.CONTINOUS LIGHTING the most familiar type of outdoor security lighting. This
is designed to provide two specific results; glare projection or controlled lighting.
GLARE PROJECTION it is being used in prisons and correctional institutions
to illuminate walls and outside barriers. The intensity is focused to the intruder
while the observer or guard remained in the comparative darkness.
 CONTROLLED LIGHTING it is generally employed where, due to
surrounding property owners, nearby highways or other limitation, it is necessary
for the light to be more precisely focused. The lighting is focused on the pile of
items, rather than the background. The width of the lighted strip can be controlled
and adjusted to suit the security needs.
2. STANDBY LIGHTING it is designed for reserve or standby use or to supplement
continuous system.
3. MOVABLE OR PORTABLE LIGHTING this system is manually operated and is
usually made up with movable search or floodlights that can be located in selected
or in special location which will require lighting only for short period of time.
4. EMERGENCY LIGHTING this system is used in times of power failure or other
emergencies when other systems are innovative.
TYPES OF LIGHTING USED FOR PROTECTIVE PURPOSES
1. INCANDESCENT LAMP is the common light bulbs of the type found in the
home
2. GASEOUS DISCHARGE LAMPS
MERCURY VAPOR LAMPS give out strong light with bluish cast. This
is widely used for interior and exterior lighting.
SODIUM VAPOR LAMPS give out soft yellow light

ADVANTAGES
-more efficient than incandescent
-widely used where fog is problem
-frequently found on bridges and highways

DISADVANTAGES
-requires 2 to 5 minutes to light when cold and longer periods to light
when hot

3. QUARTZ LAMPS they emit every bright white light and snap rapidly

ADVANTAGES
-excellent for use along perimeter and critical areas.
 -frequently used at every high wattage
TYPE OF LIGHTING EQUIPMENT
1. STREET LIGHTS produced a diffused light rather than directional beam.
They are widely used in parking areas. This lighting equipment received
the most widespread notoriety for its value in reducing crime
2. SEARCH LIGHTS - these are highly focused incandescent lamps used to
potential trouble shoot.
3. FLOODLIGHT These light project light in a concentrated beam. They are
appropriate for use in instances which call for illumination and
boundaries, building of fences.
LIGHTING TERMINOLOGIES AND DFINITIONS
1. CANDLE POWER one candle is the amount of light emitted by one
standard candle
2. LUMEN one lumen the amount of light required to light an area of one
square foot to one candle power.
3. FOOT CANDLE one-foot candle equals one lumen of light per square
foot of space. The intensity of illumination is measured in foot candle.
AREAS TO BE LIGHTED
1. VEHICULAR GATE normally manned by guards inspecting credentials, as
well as inspecting for contraband or stolen property.
2. PEDESTRIAN GATE Should be lighted about 25 feet on either side of the
gate, if possible and the range for vehicular gates should be twice that
street lighting is recommended in these application.
3. THOROUGHFARE used for pedestrians, vehicles should be lighted to
0.01 foot-candles for security purpose.
4. PARKING AREA this area can be a hiding place and is vulnerable to
pilferers and car thieves
5. SENSITIVE AREA this include vital buildings, storage depots, and
vulnerable control points in communication, power light and water
distribution system.
6. PERIMETER FENCE wall lighted
SECURITY LIGHTING TECHNIQUES
 1. Security lighting should enable the guard to observe merely the activities
around and inside the premises within its jurisdiction.
2. High contrast between the intruder and the background should be provided.
3. Lighting the boundaries and approaches.
4. Effective lighting system should deter or discourage attempts to enter the
premises and make detection more lightly if enter is attempted.
LIGHTING MAINTENANCE
Periodic checks should be made on all electrical circuits. Luminaries should
be cleaned and replacement should be made as soon as possible. When 80% of
their life is used in sensitive area replacement should be made and the bulbs are
used in less sensitive location to do this strict recording is necessary.